ASSIGNMENT COVERSHEET

UTS: ENGINEERING & INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY

SUBJECT NUMBER & NAME
NAME OF STUDENT(s) (PRINT CLEARLY) STUDENT ID
49002 - Managing Projects Shriram Varadarajan 25143292
Hassan Tahir 25011469
Nandhu Sarath 24710372
Shiv Kumar Thakur 13994672
Shivanjil Raj Pathak 24688754
STUDENT EMAIL STUDENT CONTACT NUMBER
Shriram.Varadarajan@student.uts.edu.au 0405474061
Hassan.Tahir@student.uts.edu.au 0451636428
Nandhu.Sarath@student.uts.edu.au 0404865508
Shiv.K.Thakur@student.uts.edu.au 0451055798
Shivanjil.R.Pathak@student.uts.edu.au 0449906332
NAME OF TUTOR TUTORIAL GROUP DUE DATE

Helen Aitken Tutorial 5 (Group 4) 19 March 2024

ASSESSMENT ITEM NUMBER & TITLE

Assessment 2 –Project Charter

I acknowledge that if AI or another nonrecoverable source was used to generate materials for background research and self-study in producing
this assignment, I have checked and verified the accuracy and integrity of the information used.
I confirm that I have read, understood and followed the guidelines for assignment submission and presentation on page 2 of this cover sheet.
I confirm that I have read, understood and followed the advice in the Subject Outline about assessment requirements.
I understand that if this assignment is submitted after the due date, it may incur a penalty for lateness unless I have previously had an extension
of time approved and have attached the written confirmation of this extension.

Declaration of originality: The work contained in this assignment, other than that specifically attributed to another source, is that of the author(s)
and has not been previously submitted for assessment. I have rewritten any material provided by AI or other nonrecoverable sources and where
appropriate acknowledged their contribution. I understand that, should this declaration be found to be false, disciplinary action could be taken and
penalties imposed in accordance with university policy and rules. In the statement below, I have indicated the extent to which I have collaborated
with others, whom I have named.

No content generated by AI technologies or other sources has been presented as my own work and I have rewritten any text provided by AI or
other sources in my own words.

Statement of collaboration:

Signature of student(s) ____________________________________________________________ Date ___19 March 2024

- -- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -

ASSIGNMENT RECEIPT To be completed by the student if a receipt is required

SUBJECT NUMBER & NAME NAME OF TUTOR

49002 - Managing Projects Helen Aitken

SIGNATURE OF TUTOR RECEIVED DATE

UTS Faculty of Engineering and Information Technology Assignment Cover Sheet 2023
 Project Charter

Name of project
G+3 Residential Building
Project Stakeholders
• Name: Council
Title/Role: The Governing Bodies
• Name: Owner
Title/Role: The Sponsor of the project
• Name: Architects
Title/Role: Designer and Draftsman of Project
• Name: Civil Engineer
Title/Role: Structural and Site Quality Monitoring
• Name: Contractor
Title/Role: Carrying out construction task with specification provided.
• Name: Sub-Contractor
Title/Role: Carry out individual task assigned by contractor.
• Name: Neighbour
Title/Role: Provide assistance for completion of project.
Project Description
Background
The project is a three-storey residential building being built on Northern Sydney in Hornsby.
The plot where is project is to be made is 300 square meters of area and individual floor area
is going to 150 square meters. It is going to be a steel structure framed building.
Challenges
• Difficult terrain to construct footings.
• Small site space, difficult for material storage.
• Time Constraint for project handover
Opportunities
• Opportunity to experience steel framed residential building design.
• Limited time frame helps to learn better teamwork.
Project Objectives
• Finish and hand over the project over to the client within given time frame.
• Finish the exterior façade as well as interior of the project within limited budget given
by client.
Overview of the Impact

Autumn 2024 8 March 2024

 The project is going to aid to solve the housing crisis problem in Hornsby area. The
lightweight steel structure is also going to make the building safe for seismic load and will
go easier for the sponsor pocket as well. This project will impact on low carbon emission
greenhouse concept positively as low concrete is being used in the project.
Measurable Organisational Value (MOV)
The project objective is specific and is to complete a steel residential house in specified area
under limited constraint budget with client approved drawing and design. The goals are
measurable as there will be a work breakdown structure to evaluate the progress of project life
cycle. There is a fixed defined time frame to completer the project from designing to hand over.
With the help of teamwork this project is a green flag to be successfully completed with the
given specification under given time and budget.
Under the MOV aspect, the aim is to provide the client (customer) with their new dream home
in fixed time decided in the work breakdown schedule. The strategies used are mostly technical,
quick engineering ideas on each floor of construction. Under the financial wing, we must check
and finish the project under the estimated time frame. This project is going to aid in solving
housing crisis in Hornsby areas.
Project Scope
In Project Scope
• Structure of Building
• Walls- Interior and Exterior walls
• Painting
• Electrical and plumbing as per drawings.
• Floor Tiles
• False Ceiling

Out of Scope
• Landscaping
• Interior Furniture
• Swimming Pool
• Fencing

Schedule summary
Start date: 15/March/2024.
End date: 30/NOV/2025.

The only time constraint is the weather change from May in Sydney due to which there is
arrival of winter, and the setting time of concrete slabs may increase which might delay the
project. But the team might decide to use accelerator to increase the setting of concrete.
Timeline of project phases and milestones

Autumn 2024 8 March 2024

Project reviews and review dates Budget Summary
Total Project Budget: $2,000,000
Budget by Phase:
1. Pre-Construction Phase:
• Design and Planning: $200,000
• Permitting and Approvals: $50,000
• Site Preparation: $100,000
• Subtotal: $350,000
2. Construction Phase:
• Foundation and Framing: $400,000
• Exterior Work (Roofing, Siding, Windows): $300,000
• Interior Work (Wiring, Plumbing, Insulation): $500,000
• Finishing Touches (Painting, Flooring, Fixtures): $350,000
• Subtotal: $1,550,000
3.Post-Construction Phase:
• Final Inspections and Testing: $50,000
• Landscaping and Exterior Finishing: $100,000
• Subtotal: $150,000
High-Level Budget Breakdown:
• Pre-Construction Phase: $350,000
• Construction Phase: $1,550,000
• Post-Construction Phase: $150,000
Project Reviews and Review Dates:
Regular project reviews will be conducted to monitor budget adherence and project progress.
Review dates are scheduled as follows:
1. Mid-Construction Review: Scheduled for September 15, 2024, to assess progress and
budget utilization halfway through the construction phase.
2. Quarterly Budget Review: Quarterly reviews will be conducted on December 15,
2024, March 15, 2025, June 15, 2025, and September 15, 2025, to evaluate budget
performance and make any necessary adjustments.
3. Final Project Review: Scheduled for December 30, 2025, to review the overall project
budget and assess final outcomes against initial projections.
Quality
Here are some quality requirements which we are planning to focus on our Project:
1) Safety- To minimise the risks to the residents, Safety features such as smoke detectors,
fire alarm, proper ventilation, usage of fire-resistant materials are to be installed.

Autumn 2024 8 March 2024

 2) Structural Integrity- The entire building must be structurally strong to withstand all
types of loads and is planned to be designed based on the building codes and standards.
3) Durability- All the supply materials are selected based on the long-term endurance and
minimisation of the post construction maintenance.
4) Energy efficient- Inclusion of energy efficient design features can reduce the energy
consumption and save the utility costs for the residents. Smart lighting and High-
performance insulation to be installed.
5) Comfort- Resident comfort such as natural lighting, proper ventilation, lower noise
levels are taken into consideration.
6) Aesthetics- The visual appearance of both the interior and exterior are to be appealing
which in turn improves the life quality of the occupants.
Resources Required
People
Resources to be provided.
Resource

Assumptions and Risks

Assumptions:
• Availability of construction materials will remain consistent throughout the project
timeline.
• Skilled Labor will be readily accessible and adequately trained to perform the necessary
tasks.
• Weather conditions will be favourable for outdoor construction activities, minimizing
delays.
• All regulatory approvals and permits will be obtained in a timely manner.
• The client's requirements and specifications will remain unchanged during the
construction process.
• The project budget and schedule are accurately estimated and approved by
stakeholders.
Key Risks:
1. Supply Chain Disruption: There's a risk of delays or cost increases due to disruptions in
the supply chain, such as material shortages or transportation issues.
• Probability: Moderate
• Impact: High, as it could lead to project delays and increased costs.
2. Workforce Shortages: Shortages in skilled Labor could delay construction progress or
compromise quality.
• Probability: Low to Moderate
• Impact: Moderate to High, depending on the severity of the shortage and its effect on
project timelines.

Autumn 2024 8 March 2024

3. Weather Delays: Unforeseen adverse weather conditions, such as heavy rain or storms, may
disrupt outdoor construction activities.
• Probability: Moderate to High
• Impact: Moderate, as it could cause delays in the construction schedule.
4. Regulatory Changes: Changes in building codes or regulations could necessitate
modifications to the construction plans, leading to additional costs and delays.
• Probability: Low
• Impact: Moderate, depending on the extent of the regulatory changes and their impact
on project requirements.
5. Budget Overruns: Unexpected cost increases in materials, Labor, or other project expenses
could result in budget overruns.
• Probability: Moderate
• Impact: High, as it could strain project finances and lead to financial difficulties for the
stakeholders.
Constraints:
1. Budgetary Limitations: The project is constrained by a fixed budget of $2,000,000,
requiring careful allocation of resources to stay within financial limits.
2. Time Constraints: The project must adhere to a strict timeline, commencing on March
15, 2024, and concluding by November 30, 2025.
3. Regulatory Compliance: Compliance with local building codes, zoning regulations,
and environmental standards is mandatory and may impose constraints on design and
construction.
4. Resource Availability: Availability of skilled labor, materials, and equipment may
impact project scheduling and execution.
Dependencies:
1. Permitting and Approvals: Dependency on obtaining necessary permits and
approvals from local authorities before commencing construction.
2. Supply Chain Dependencies: Dependencies on timely delivery of construction
materials from suppliers to maintain project schedule.
3. Contractor Availability: Dependency on the availability and performance of
subcontractors and construction teams to meet project milestones.
4. Utility Connections: Dependency on utility companies for connections such as
electricity, water, and sewage.
Outstanding Issues:
1. Land Acquisition: Finalization of land acquisition agreements and property ownership
documentation.
2. Contract Negotiations: Completion of contract negotiations with subcontractors,
vendors, and suppliers.
3. Design Approval: Pending approval of architectural and engineering designs by
relevant stakeholders and authorities.

Autumn 2024 8 March 2024

Project Administration:
1. Communications Plan: Establishing communication channels, protocols, and
stakeholders' engagement strategies.
2. Scope Management Plan: Defining project scope, objectives, and deliverables, and
managing any changes or variations.
3. Quality Management Plan: Implementing quality assurance and control processes to
ensure construction meets specified standards and regulations.
4. Change Management Plan: Managing changes to project scope, schedule, or budget
effectively and minimizing their impact on project outcomes.
5. Human Resources Plan: Identifying staffing requirements, roles, responsibilities, and
training needs to support project execution.
This high-level overview provides insight into the key constraints, dependencies, outstanding
issues, and project administration aspects essential for successful project planning and
execution.
Implementation Strategy:
The implementation strategy for the 3-story building construction project will follow a phased
approach. This phased approach allows for the project to be broken down into manageable
stages, facilitating better control and coordination of activities. Each phase will focus on
specific aspects of the construction process, such as site preparation, foundation work,
structural construction, interior finishing, and landscaping. By adopting a phased approach, it
enables the project team to address potential issues more effectively and ensures smoother
progress throughout the project lifecycle.
Implementation Plan:
Phase 1 - Pre-Construction (March 15, 2024 - May 30, 2024):
• Obtain necessary permits and approvals.
• Finalize architectural and engineering designs.
• Procure construction materials and equipment.
Phase 2 - Foundation and Structural Work (June 1, 2024 - December 31, 2024):
• Commence site preparation and foundation work.
• Construct building structure up to the third story.
Phase 3 - Interior and Exterior Finishing (January 1, 2025 - October 31, 2025):
• Complete interior work including plumbing, electrical, and HVAC systems installation.
• Finish exterior elements such as facade, roofing, and landscaping.
Phase 4 - Testing, Inspection, and Handover (November 1, 2025 - November 30, 2025):
• Conduct quality inspections and testing of building systems.
• Address any deficiencies and ensure compliance with regulations.
• Obtain final approvals and certificates.
• Hand over the completed project to the client.

Autumn 2024 8 March 2024

Acceptance and Approval:
Project Manager: Shriram Varadarajan
Client Representative: XYZ
Architect: X Architect Sydney, SW
Construction Manager: Hassan Tahir
This phased implementation strategy allows for a systematic and organized approach to
construction, mitigating risks and ensuring smoother project execution. The acceptance and
approval of project deliverables will be overseen by the designated project manager, client
representative, architect, and construction manager to ensure alignment with project
requirements and stakeholder expectations.

References
1. Australian Government. (2021). Building and Construction Industry. Department of
Industry, Science, Energy and Resources. [Online] Available at:
(https://www.industry.gov.au/industry/Industry-Sectors/building-and-construction-industry)
Accessed on November 10, 2023.
2. Project Management Institute. (2017). A Guide to the Project Management Body of
Knowledge (PMBOK® Guide) - Sixth Edition. Project Management Institute, Inc.
3. Australian Bureau of Statistics. (2023). Construction Work Done, Australia, Preliminary,
Sep 2023 (Cat. no. 8755.0). [Online] Available at:
https://www.abs.gov.au/statistics/industry/construction-and-engineering/building-approvals-
australia/latest-release) Accessed on November 10, 2023.

Terminology / Glossary
• Foundation: The base structure of a building that provides support and stability.
• Structural Framing: The framework of beams, columns, and other structural elements
that support the building's floors and walls.
• Cladding: The exterior covering or skin of a building.
• Fit Out: The process of installing interior finishes, fixtures, and fittings.
• Handover: The formal process of transferring the completed building to the client or
owner.
Appendices (as required)
Appendix A: Detailed Floor Plans
Appendix B: Construction Schedule
Appendix C: Material Specifications
Appendix D: Budget and Cost Estimates

Autumn 2024 8 March 2024

Appendix E: Safety Plan and Risk Assessments

Autumn 2024 8 March 2024

Stakeholder Management
Background and rationale
Stakeholders in building construction projects consist of a diverse range of individuals, organisations, and entities who have a significant stake in the project's
results, success, or effects. The stakeholders may encompass government entities, regulatory bodies, nearby communities, project financiers, construction
personnel, suppliers, subcontractors, environmental agencies, and end-users, among several others. Each stakeholder group possesses distinct levels of influence,
expectations, and requirements at different stages of the project lifecycle. Efficiently managing stakeholders is vital for the success of a project as it aids in
recognising their requirements, resolving issues, and minimising possible disputes or hazards that may occur during project implementation.

Stakeholders play crucial roles at various stages of the project lifecycle of a building construction project. Government agencies and regulatory authorities
oversee adherence to building rules, permits, and environmental restrictions during the planning and permitting phase. Engaging and communicating with local
communities is crucial for sustaining strong connections, as they may have concerns about the project's influence on their surroundings, such as noise, traffic,
and aesthetics. Project investors contribute financial resources and anticipate a return on their investment, making their participation crucial for obtaining finance
and guaranteeing the project's sustainability.[1]

Efficient stakeholder management is crucial not just for achieving project goals, but also for improving project results and reducing risks. Through proactive
involvement with stakeholders, comprehending their viewpoints, and meeting their requirements, project managers can establish trust and cooperation, thus
enhancing stakeholder endorsement and minimising opposition. In addition, proactive stakeholder management promotes openness, accountability, and
goodwill, which enhances the overall success and sustainability of the project. Hence, it is crucial to use a methodical strategy for identifying, analysing, and
involving stakeholders to guarantee their contentment and accomplish project objectives inside the Australian building construction sector.[1]

Stakeholder register
Maintaining a stakeholder register is crucial in building construction projects for several reasons. Firstly, it serves as a comprehensive database that identifies
all relevant stakeholders involved in or impacted by the project. This register helps project managers and teams understand the various stakeholders' interests,
concerns, and levels of influence, allowing them to tailor communication and engagement strategies accordingly. By having a clear overview of stakeholders,
project teams can proactively manage relationships, address issues, and mitigate conflicts, thereby fostering collaboration and minimizing disruptions throughout
the project lifecycle.
 Specifically for this project, a stakeholder register is essential for ensuring effective stakeholder management tailored to the unique context and requirements
of the construction Endeavor. Given the complexity and scale of building projects, involving multiple stakeholders with diverse interests and expectations,
having a structured stakeholder register facilitates the systematic identification, analysis, and prioritization of stakeholders. This enables project teams to allocate
resources and efforts efficiently, anticipate potential challenges, and implement targeted engagement strategies to foster positive relationships and stakeholder
support. Ultimately, maintaining a stakeholder register enhances project transparency, accountability, and stakeholder satisfaction, contributing to project
success and the overall advancement of the construction industry in Australia.

ID Information Assessment Information Classification

Stakeholder Contact Role in Project Major Requirements Main Expectation Potential Influence Lifecycle Internal/ Supporter
Name/Organization Info phase with External /Neutral/
al Position most interest Resistor

Government 0451099 Regulatory authority Compliance with Safe and High - Regulatory Design/Planni External Supporter
Regulatory Bodies 048 ensuring compliance regulations, permits, sustainable authority ng/Constructio
with building codes approvals construction n
and standards practices
Property Owners 0405474 Initiators of Profitability, project High-quality High - Financial All Phases External Supporter
061 construction projects, completion within construction resources and
funding, and resource budget and timeline meeting funding decisions
providers specifications
Architects/Designes 0451055 Design professionals Creative and functional Well-executed High - Design Design/Planni External Supporter
798 responsible for design, adherence to architectural expertise and ng
conceptualizing client's vision designs creativity
building plans
Engineers 0451055 Structural, civil, and Structural integrity, Safe and reliable High Design/Planni Internal Supporter
798 mechanical engineers efficient systems design construction ng/Constructio
ensuring project n
feasibility
Contractors/Builders 0451055 Construction firms Timely and cost- Quality High - Financial Construction Internal Supporter
798 responsible for effective project construction resources and
executing building completion workmanship decision-making
projects power
 Suppliers/Vendors 0405474 Providers of Reliable and timely High-quality Medium - Material Construction External Supporter
063 construction materials delivery of materials, materials meeting availability and
and equipment competitive pricing specifications pricing

Subcontractors 0406484 Specialized Completion of assigned Skilled and efficient Medium - Construction External Supporter
061 tradespeople hired by tasks within schedule completion of work Contribution to
contractors for specific and budget project execution
tasks
Environmental 045829 Regulators ensuring Environmental impact Environmentally High - Regulatory Design/Planni External Supporter
Agencies 6218 environmental mitigation, adherence to responsible authority ng/Constructio
compliance during sustainability standards construction n
construction practices

Financial Institutions 0485872 Providers of project Financial stability, risk Return on High Financial All Phases External Supporter
325 financing and management investment, project resources and
investment profitability funding decisions
Community/Public Local residents and Minimize disruption, Positive community Low -Medium Design/Planni External Neutral
interest groups safety, environmental impact, engagement Community ng/Constructio
affected by protection in decision-making influence and public n
construction projects perception
Trade Labor unions Fair wages, safe Worker rights High - Workforce Construction External Neutral
Unions/Workers representing working conditions protection, job representation and
construction workers security bargaining power
Insurance Companies Providers of project Risk assessment, Mitigation of Moderate All Phases External Neutral
insurance and risk coverage for potential financial risks,
management solutions liabilities claims processing
efficiency
Industry Groups representing Advocacy for industry Supportive policies, Low All Phases External Supporter
Associations/Organiz construction industry growth, networking industry
ations interests opportunities advancement
 Legal Advisors Legal experts Contract review, dispute Legal compliance, High All Phases External Neutral
providing advice on resolution risk mitigation
contractual matters
Project Management Experts overseeing Efficient project Successful project Medium - Expertise All Phases Internal Supporter
Consultants project planning, delivery, risk outcomes, in design and
execution, and management adherence to technical aspects
monitoring schedule and
budget

Stakeholder prioritisation grid

Creating a stakeholder prioritization grid is crucial for building construction projects to effectively manage and allocate resources based on the significance of
each stakeholder. This grid helps project managers identify stakeholders who have the most influence on the project's success and those who are most impacted
by its outcomes. By categorizing stakeholders into different priority levels based on their power, interest, or influence, project teams can focus their engagement
efforts on high-priority stakeholders while also considering the needs and concerns of others. This prioritization ensures that limited resources such as time,
budget, and personnel are allocated efficiently, maximizing stakeholder satisfaction and project outcomes.

The stakeholder prioritization grid is typically used during the project planning and execution phases to guide stakeholder engagement strategies and decision-
making processes. By labelling the grids with specific stakeholder names rather than generic labels, project managers can ensure clarity and accuracy in
identifying stakeholders' positions within the grid. This approach enables project teams to have a clear understanding of each stakeholder's level of power,
interest, or influence and tailor their engagement strategies accordingly. However, if stakeholders' positions on the grid are not accurately labelled or updated
regularly, it may render the prioritization grid less useful as it could lead to misalignment between stakeholders' actual positions and the project team's
perceptions, potentially resulting in ineffective stakeholder management.
 5 Keep Informed Manage Closely

D - Contractor A – Owner

B - Council C - Designers

Level of power 3

Monitor Keep Satisfied

E – Sub-contractors

F - Neighbors

1 3 5

Level of interest

Key Organisation Name Power (1-5) Interest (1-5)

A Owner Mr Smith 5 5

B Local Council Hornsby Shire Council 4 3

C Designers ABC engineers 4 4

D Contractor GWS contractors 4 3

E Sub-contractors 3 3
F Neighbours 2 2
Scope Statement

Background and rationale

The Scope Statement is a crucial document in construction projects as it defines the boundaries, objectives, deliverables, and constraints of the project. It serves
as a roadmap for project planning, execution, and control, providing clarity on what is included and excluded from the project scope. In general, having a well-
defined Scope Statement is important to ensure all stakeholders have a common understanding of the project's goals, requirements, and limitations, thereby
minimizing misunderstandings, scope creep, and project delays. According to the Project Management Institute (PMI), the Scope Statement is an essential
component of project management processes, helping to establish a baseline for project success.

For construction projects, the Scope Statement holds particular significance due to the complex regulatory environment, diverse stakeholder interests, and
unique project challenges often encountered in the construction industry. In this context, the Scope Statement acts as a contractual agreement between project
stakeholders, including clients, contractors, designers, and regulatory authorities, outlining the project's scope, objectives, and deliverables. By clearly defining
the project scope upfront and referencing relevant regulations and standards, the Scope Statement helps mitigate legal risks, ensures compliance with local
regulations, and enhances project transparency and accountability. Therefore, in the context of construction projects in Australia, a well-articulated Scope
Statement is crucial for project success and stakeholder satisfaction, providing a solid foundation for effective project management and decision-making.

Objectives, Goals, Needs

The objectives of the 3-story building project encompass several key aspects aimed at achieving a successful outcome. Firstly, the primary objective is to
construct a structurally sound and architecturally pleasing building that meets all relevant building codes and regulations. Secondly, the project aims to provide
functional spaces that fulfill the needs of the intended occupants, whether they be residential, commercial, or a combination thereof. Additionally, the project
seeks to optimize resource utilization, including materials, Labor, and time, to ensure cost-effectiveness and timely completion. Lastly, the project aims to
adhere to sustainable building practices, minimizing environmental impact and maximizing energy efficiency where feasible. Overall, these objectives aim to
deliver a high-quality building that enhances the community while meeting the needs of its users.

Assumptions
Assuming minimal problems with supplies and resources, the assumptions for the 3-story building project encompass the availability and timely delivery of
construction materials, equipment, and skilled Labor. It is assumed that there are no significant disruptions in the supply chain due to factors such as
transportation issues, material shortages, or unforeseen delays from suppliers. Additionally, it is assumed that the project site will be accessible and conducive
to construction activities without major hindrances, such as adverse weather conditions or regulatory obstacles. These assumptions provide a foundational basis
for planning and executing the construction project efficiently, although they will need to be regularly reviewed and updated as part of the risk management
process to address any emerging challenges or changes in circumstances.

In-scope work
The in-scope work for this 3-story building project includes all activities directly related to the construction of the building according to the approved plans and
specifications. This encompasses site preparation, foundation work, structural construction, installation of utilities such as plumbing, electrical, and HVAC
systems, as well as interior finishing work including walls, flooring, and fixtures. Additionally, landscaping and site cleanup to ensure compliance with
environmental regulations may also be within scope. Throughout the project, adherence to safety standards, quality control measures, and compliance with local
building codes and regulations are essential components of the in-scope work.

Out-of-scope work
In the context of a three-story building project, out-of-scope work often includes elements beyond the defined scope of the project, such as landscaping, interior
decoration, and ongoing maintenance after construction completion. While these aspects are essential for the overall functionality and aesthetics of the building,
they typically fall outside the immediate scope of the construction project, which is primarily focused on erecting the physical structure of the building.
Additionally, tasks related to obtaining regulatory approvals, securing financing, and conducting feasibility studies may also be considered out-of-scope for the
construction project itself, as they pertain more to project planning and initiation phases rather than the execution of the construction work.

Deliverables
For a building project, the deliverables would typically include a comprehensive set of plans and blueprints detailing the architectural, structural, mechanical,
and electrical aspects of the building. Additionally, physical deliverables would encompass the construction of the building itself, including all floors, walls,
roofing, windows, doors, and finishing touches. Other key deliverables would involve obtaining necessary permits and approvals from relevant authorities,
ensuring compliance with building codes and regulations. Ultimately, the completion of the project would culminate in the handover of the building to the
owner or client, which may include the transfer of keys, as well as signoffs on final inspections and approvals to signify the successful completion of the
construction project.

Milestones
Milestones in a 3-story residential building project serve as key checkpoints or achievements that mark significant progress or completion of specific tasks.
These milestones are essential for tracking the project's progress, ensuring that it stays on schedule, and meeting stakeholder expectations. Some common
milestones in such a project may include:
 Milestone Description Date
Obtain Development Approval (DA) from Local Council 15/03/2024

Completion of Foundation and Ground Floor Slab 30/07/2024

Completion of Structural Framing for All Three Stories 30/02/2025

Installation of Exterior Cladding and Roofing 30/04/2025

Completion of Interior Fit-Out for Ground Floor 30/07/2025

Completion of Interior Fit-Out for First and Second Floors 28/09/2025

Final Inspection and Handover to Client 30/11/2025

These milestones provide clear targets for project managers and stakeholders to monitor progress, allocate resources efficiently, and make informed decisions
throughout the construction process. They help ensure that the project stays on track and is completed successfully within the agreed-upon timeline.

Dependencies
In a three-story building project, dependencies refer to the various factors and tasks that rely on external entities or conditions for successful completion. For
instance, obtaining regulatory approvals from the local council is a critical dependency as it ensures compliance with building codes and regulations. Timely
submission of building plans, environmental assessments, and permit applications to the council is essential to avoid delays in project timelines. Additionally,
dependencies may include securing utilities connections such as water, electricity, and gas, which are necessary for construction activities. Ensuring that these
dependencies are identified, managed, and executed in a timely manner is vital to the smooth progression of the project and the achievement of project
milestones.
Limits, Exclusions
In the context of a building project, defining limits and exclusions is crucial to delineate the boundaries and clarify what is not included within the project scope.
This section specifies the parameters within which the project will operate and identifies any aspects that fall outside the project's scope. Limits may include
constraints related to budget, timeline, and resources, while exclusions may encompass specific features or services that are not part of the project scope, such
as landscaping, interior design, or furniture procurement. By clearly outlining limits and exclusions, stakeholders can avoid misunderstandings, manage
expectations, and ensure alignment with project objectives, ultimately contributing to the successful execution of the construction project.

Reference:
[1]. Project Management Institute (PMI). (2017). A Guide to the Project Management Body of Knowledge (PMBOK Guide). 6th ed. Newtown Square, PA:
Project Management Institute.