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The fitting of the rubber tubing over the glass tubing also has to be done carefully as accident can
occur during the manoeuvre. One end of the pond weed was inserted into the glass tube containing
the solution and the rubber stopper was put firmly in place on the test tube mouth to seal the
assembly. There are two main processes of photosynthesis; the light reactions and the calvin cycle.
When referring to the light spectrum, red and violet are furthest away from green, and would be
most absorbed by the leaf. Chlorophyll b and carotenoids capture light energy and pass it to
chlorophyll a. The three major classes of pigments are chlorophylls green pigments and carotenoids
yellow or orange pigments which are lipophilic and associated in Chl-protein complexes as well as
phycobilins that are hydrophilic. I am going to change the distance of the light from the plant by
moving the lamp for a certain distance from the plant. Table 2: Effect of Different Light Sources at 5
Minutes’ Exposure. I am going to keep the light intensity and temperature of water constant and
only change CO 2 level. This may be because the leave is taking in all the CO 2 it can and is working
at its maximum rate. We can conclude that the red spectrum of light plays a more important part in
the process of photosynthesis. One stack of thylakoids is called a granum or more than one grana,
the grana lie placed in a fluid known as the stroma. This tells us that there is a limit and a boundary
that a plant can work at. This was because photosynthesis is a reaction, which needs energy from
light to work. My graphs and my results support my predictions that as the light intensity increases
so will the rate of photosynthesis and the rate of photosynthesis will not continue beyond a certain
point for once it reaches a certain level the rate will level off due to limiting factors. In the beginning
of the graph there are lots of oxygen bubbles is produced because the lamp is placed near to the
plant, when I place the lamp at different distances the plant produced little oxygen bubbles, this is
because the light is the most important factor, changing the amount of light will affect the rate of
photosynthesis. Photosynthesis Photo means light and synthesis means the process of producing a
chemical compound usually by the union of simpler chemical compounds (Sage Dictionary). Fnm
this other amino acids are made by transamination. As light intensity increases further, so the rate of
photosynthesis is decreasing more and more, until the rate of photosynthesis is constant, and is fully
limited by another factor. Fig. 3: More bubbles with a 100 W bulb as compared to 40 W at 10 cm.
And also a plant may have lots of water and Carbon dioxide, but it will not photosynthesis very fast
if there is not enough light, increasing the light intensity will make photosynthesis faster. We also
used Sodium Hydrogen Carbonate, which is an irritant, and we should wear safety glasses. I have
chosen the temperature and light intensity values with the help of my pre-test and I found that the
higher the light intensity the more light the pond weed has to absorb. The data from Table 1 was
extracted to obtain a comparison chart for three sources of light as follows. It is the process of
converting light energy into chemical energy and storing it in the bonds of sugar of the organism. All
organisms depend ultimately upon green plants as a source of organic nutrients.. This process occurs
whenever radiant energy is received by chlorophyll molecules. Through photosynthesis, green plants
are able to manufacture their own food which is essential for their growth. The lower epidermis has
minute holes known as stomata which communicate with the atmosphere for gaseous exchange.
Consequently, in green plants, Photosynthesis involves the use of the chlorophyll green pigment that
is found in the leaves or stems of such plants. How can doctors be better prepared to help terminally
ill cancer patients with end of life issues.
In addition, the electron transfer reactions concentrate protons inside the membrane vesicle and
create an electric field across the photosynthetic membrane. The baking soda solution produces more
carbon-di-oxide for utilization by the pond weed for photosynthesis. I have proved that as the light
intensity increases so will the rate of photosynthesis and The rate of photosynthesis will not continue
beyond a certain point for once it reaches a certain level the rate will level off due to limiting factors.
This is because the program gives us perfect, non-repeatable results. This will help the candidates to
know the solutions for all subjects covered in Class 11th. It can also be used to study the interactions
between proteins, or between ligand and receptor molecules. As light intensity increases further, so
the rate of photosynthesis is decreasing more and more, until the rate of photosynthesis is constant,
and is fully limited by another factor. A biology paper has a certain set of guidelines that must be
followed for it to be effective. All organisms depend ultimately upon green plants as a source of
organic nutrients.. This process occurs whenever radiant energy is received by chlorophyll molecules.
Photosynthesis is one of these processes that happens everywhere on Earth. It shows that sufficient
light, even from a distance provides enough stimulus for photosynthesis. What is the most
economically feasible renewable energy choice for India. This is to ensure we will record a graph that
will level off at a certain point. My initial hypothesis was confirmed as the results were consistent
with the established facts of photosynthesis. Use authoritative sources from your school library;
Google Scholar or any online journal that has references and peer review. This is used as a measure
of the rate of photosynthesis. Wrapping the coloured cellophane sheets around the test tubes is also a
cumbersome procedure as they have a tendency to loosen up. Care should also be taken to place the
experimental setup away from small children. Photosynthesis Photo means light and synthesis means
the process of producing a chemical compound usually by the union of simpler chemical compounds
(Sage Dictionary). The dependent variables will be light source, distance of the light source, amount
of dissolved carbon-di-oxide, blocking of certain frequencies of light with coloured sheets and the
temperature of the bathing solution which will be kept at an optimum level. Before appearing in the
main examination, candidates must try mock test as it helps the students learn from their mistakes.
Photosynthesis is an essential reaction that can be carried by chloroplast in the plant. (Campbell, pg.
175). Inside the chloroplasts, thylakoids contain pigments such as chlorophyll that play major role in
photosynthesis. (Citovsky, Lecture 10). The Iodine solution was dropped on both of the leaves.
Candidates who are ambitious to qualify the Class 11 with good score can check this article for
Notes. Light sources in the forms of incandescent bulbs of 40 and 100 watts will be used in the
experiment. It is clear from the experimental results that light and carbon-di-oxide are essential for
the process of photosynthesis. I always suggest that students start with 3 possible topics. The light is
the important factor is needed for making sugar. We should be more appreciate of plants, without
them we would not survive. The independent variables will be the condition of the pond weed, the
amount of chlorophyll content in it, and the amount of carbon-di-oxide released by the dissolution of
baking soda.
Table 2: Effect of Different Light Sources at 5 Minutes’ Exposure. This will help the candidates to
know the solutions for all subjects covered in Class 11th. Photosynthesis are composed of light
reactions and Calvin cycle. It is clear from the experimental results that light and carbon-di-oxide are
essential for the process of photosynthesis. As resultant by-product for the Photosynthesis process is
usually oxygen. Photosynthesis is the process that plants use light energy from the sun to make their
own food. Oxygen is utilised by other organisms in aerobic respiration. The process of
photosynthesis also results in the production of oxygen (O2), which is essential for animals to sustain
life. In such an experiment the two factors, CO2 and intensity of light were studied for their role in
the process of photosynthesis. Photosynthesis can be defined as the production of simple sugars
(glucose) from carbon dioxide and water, which then release sugar and oxygen. The released oxygen
will have only one source to escape that is through the glass tubing, which will be visually evaluated
by counting the number of bubbles escaping. Part of their summary includes giving at least three
possible research questions. Photosynthesis Photo means light and synthesis means the process of
producing a chemical compound usually by the union of simpler chemical compounds (Sage
Dictionary). Baking soda solution was sucked into the glass tubing and the pinch clamp was applied
to the rubber tubing to keep it at the required level. This tells us that there is a limit and a boundary
that a plant can work at. So if you move the light away from plant it want photosynthesis. The leaves
have specialized structures called chloroplasts which store the unique pigment, chlorophyll.
Photosynthesis is the only natural process that produces oxygen to cover its shortage due to
respiration and human energy needs. The electron derived from the hydroxyl ion is conveyed from
one chlorophyll molecule to another via an electron carrier system. The move also appears to be
irreversible and complete. Through photosynthesis, green plants are able to manufacture their own
food which is essential for their growth. Essentially, light energy is a crucial factor in Photosynthesis
hence the need to test for the difference in the light spectrum. It can also be used to study the
interactions between proteins, or between ligand and receptor molecules. The lower epidermis has
minute holes known as stomata which communicate with the atmosphere for gaseous exchange. In
the beginning of the graph there are lots of oxygen bubbles is produced because the lamp is placed
near to the plant, when I place the lamp at different distances the plant produced little oxygen
bubbles, this is because the light is the most important factor, changing the amount of light will affect
the rate of photosynthesis. Uninterrupted power supply was used so that the bulbs don’t go off due to
a power failure. Preliminary Results I firstly changed the temperature for it is one of the factors that
affect photosynthesis. Having the temperature too high will kill the enzymes causing them to
denature, having the temperature too low and the enzymes will not work at their optimum efficiency.
This may be because the leave is taking in all the CO 2 it can and is working at its maximum rate.
Below are my concentrations of the NaHCO3 and results from carrying out the experiment.
The chlorophyll bearing plants trap the free energy of sunlight as photons and transform and store it
as chemical potential energy by combining CO 2 and water.. The end products of photosynthesis are
carbohydrates with loss of oxygen. As light intensity increases further, so the rate of photosynthesis
is decreasing more and more, until the rate of photosynthesis is constant, and is fully limited by
another factor. This paper will explain the basic components... Essay on Photosynthesis. 704 Words 3
Pages. Photosynthesis Photosynthesis produces energy in the form of glucose it uses water from the
soil, carbon dioxide from the air, and energy from the suns light. Therefore the plants, algae and
some bacteria are the only self sufficient living organisms on this planet in terms of their food
requirement. The following equation summarizes what happens during photosynthesising. Bubbles of
gas released from the plant were counted as a parameter for measuring the amount of photosynthetic
activity in the pond weed. It can also be used to study the interactions between proteins, or between
ligand and receptor molecules. In addition, the electron transfer reactions concentrate protons inside
the membrane vesicle and create an electric field across the photosynthetic membrane. The nanotubes
also showed that they could act as sensors. Below are my concentrations of the NaHCO3 and results
from carrying out the experiment. This innovative works that mimic the process of plants by splitting
the water molecules and produce products of Hydrogen and oxygen only by using the energy from
the sunlight. The lower the reading the more chance of there being a mistake. As obvious from the
above equation, it is clear that six molecules of carbon-di-oxide combine with six molecules of water,
in the presence of chlorophyll and light to yield one molecule of sugar and six molecules of oxygen.
Baking soda solution was sucked into the glass tubing and the pinch clamp was applied to the rubber
tubing to keep it at the required level. If they have less Carbon dioxide it will affect the rate of
photosynthesis that the plant produced. The Sodium bicarbonate solution is a ready source of CO2
which was utilized by the pond weed in this experiment. Table 2: Effect of Different Light Sources
at 5 Minutes’ Exposure. The green substance chlorophyll enables the plant to transfer energy from
sunlight to sugar. When there is a high concentration of carbon dioxide the carbon is fixed into the
sugars produced. Essentially, light energy is a crucial factor in Photosynthesis hence the need to test
for the difference in the light spectrum. The results of my experiment were quite accurate and in
accordance with the established facts about the process of photosynthesis. And also a plant may
have lots of water and Carbon dioxide, but it will not photosynthesis very fast if there is not enough
light, increasing the light intensity will make photosynthesis faster. The fitting of the rubber tubing
over the glass tubing also has to be done carefully as accident can occur during the manoeuvre. In
test tube 3, the readings of the absorption rate decreases when in the presence of light. The Iodine
solution was dropped on both of the leaves. Two of the bacteriochlorophyll molecules form the
primary donor P870. After having treated the green and the variegated leaf sketch 2 certain areas of
the variegated leaf indicated the presence of starch. This may have caused the difference in the
reading as the readings were affected by heat and chloroplast is heat sensitive. The only concern is to
handle the light source carefully and use fully insulated wires, switches and materials in order to
avoid electric shock. The rate of photosynthesis of the plant was determined using bubble counting
method.
Photosynthesis is an essential reaction that can be carried by chloroplast in the plant. (Campbell, pg.
175). Inside the chloroplasts, thylakoids contain pigments such as chlorophyll that play major role in
photosynthesis. (Citovsky, Lecture 10). To combat this I could wait for the temperature after each
experiment to cool back down to 20oC before I restarted. An infection caused by such an organism
is not only untreatable, but also proves to be fatal. The only addition will be an appropriate amount
of Sodium bicarbonate (baking soda) in order to enrich the bathing solution with Carbon-di-oxide
which is a vital component for photosynthesis to occur. Photosynthesis not only occurs on land but
also in the seas and oceans, where marine plants produce oxygen not only for the marine life but also
of the land creatures (Cloud and Gibor, 1970). We also used Sodium Hydrogen Carbonate, which is
an irritant, and we should wear safety glasses. Free essay samples and examples about Photosynthesis
are 100% plagiarized. It is also a very interesting topic because most living things need light to
function, survive and grow. It is to be noted here that respiration in plants too utilizes oxygen as in
other living organisms including animals. At the end of the week, have the children compare the
plants. A 10 cm long piece of rubber tubing was attached to 10 cm glass tubing which was passed
through a rubber stopper. This may have caused the difference in the reading as the readings were
affected by heat and chloroplast is heat sensitive. The data from Table 1 was extracted to obtain a
comparison chart for three sources of light as follows. In addition, the electron transfer reactions
concentrate protons inside the membrane vesicle and create an electric field across the
photosynthetic membrane. Photosynthesis Photo means light and synthesis means the process of
producing a chemical compound usually by the union of simpler chemical compounds (Sage
Dictionary). We use cookies to create the best experience for you. Uninterrupted power supply was
used so that the bulbs don’t go off due to a power failure. Candidates who are ambitious to qualify
the Class 11 with good score can check this article for Notes. Table 2: Effect of Different Light
Sources at 5 Minutes’ Exposure. Both these different experiments would of given us comparatively
different results and graphs. Fig. 3: More bubbles with a 100 W bulb as compared to 40 W at 10 cm.
We can conclude that the red spectrum of light plays a more important part in the process of
photosynthesis. Photosynthesis is the process that transforms organisms from light energy into
chemical energy. Through photosynthesis, green plants are able to manufacture their own food which
is essential for their growth. This was because photosynthesis is a reaction, which needs energy from
light to work. As the amount of energy available from light increased with the rise in light
intensityand closer the lamp was to the pondweed, so did the amount of oxygen produced as a
product of photosynthesis. In order for photosynthesis to take place, it needs these three things:
Water, carbon dioxide, and sunlight. It is the process of converting light energy into chemical energy
and storing it in the bonds of sugar of the organism. Hope these notes will helps you understand the
important topics and remember the key points for exam point of view. Photosynthesis takes place in
all plants that contain chlorophyll.
These bulbs are an ideal source of white light which has all the components of the white light
spectrum. This paper covers two experiments on Photosynthesis; the first one investigates whether a
positive rate of net Photosynthesis depends on light levels. But the carbon nanotubes themselves also
somehow seemed to, all on their own. Essentially, light energy is a crucial factor in Photosynthesis
hence the need to test for the difference in the light spectrum. White light contains seven colors
inclusive of blue and green, hence their dependency. Here we have provided Exemplar Problems
Solutions along with NCERT Exemplar Problems Class 11. The glucose is either stored as starch, or
used for respiration. The double-membraned plastids in plants and algae are referred to as primary
plastids, while the multiple-membraned variety found in plankton are called secondary plastids,
according to an articlein the by Cheong Xin Chan and Debashish Bhattacharya, researchers at
Rutgers University in New Jersey. It is clear from the experimental results that light and carbon-di-
oxide are essential for the process of photosynthesis. We will determine whether or not it is possible
to examine the relationship between photosynthesis and cellular respiration. The upper and the lower
surface of a typical leaf are known as epidermis or the outer covering. As obvious from the above
equation, it is clear that six molecules of carbon-di-oxide combine with six molecules of water, in the
presence of chlorophyll and light to yield one molecule of sugar and six molecules of oxygen. Also,
targeted drugs have to be developed that halt the organism's internal processes, thereby rendering it
unable to infect. So if you move the light away from plant it want photosynthesis. If they have less
Carbon dioxide it will affect the rate of photosynthesis that the plant produced. The disk like
compartments, which are called thylakoids, are placed vertically in the chloroplast and look like a
stack of plates or pancakes. When I increased 5cm in the beginning it doesn’t fit into a pattern. Fig.
3: More bubbles with a 100 W bulb as compared to 40 W at 10 cm. We use cookies to create the best
experience for you. My graphs and my results support my predictions that as the light intensity
increases so will the rate of photosynthesis and the rate of photosynthesis will not continue beyond a
certain point for once it reaches a certain level the rate will level off due to limiting factors. Lack of
water produce other effect, and these then slow down photosynthesis. Class 11 Chapter-wise,
detailed solutions to the questions of the NCERT textbooks are provided with the objective of
helping students compare their answers with the sample answers. This will help the candidates to
know the solutions for all subjects covered in Class 11th. The light intensity affects the rate of
photosynthesis is because as light, falls on the chloroplasts in each leaf and is trapped by the
chlorophyll. In order for photosynthesis to take place, it needs these three things: Water, carbon
dioxide, and sunlight. The other factors, which affect the photosynthesis, are Carbon dioxide,
temperature and water. Both these different experiments would of given us comparatively different
results and graphs. The technique could be improved if some method of measuring the frequency of
light was available, which could be correlated and more exacting parameters ascertained.
Introduction: Photosynthesis is a two stage process.