PAPER

ADDRESSING MIATAKES/ERRORS AND GIVING FEEDBACK

Compiled to fulfill the assignment of TEFL
Lecturer:
Dr. Rofiqoh, M.Ed.

By:

Adinda Mawadda Rahma A12122143

Viel Chensist Binti A12122144
Aswat Lasonto A12122161

ENGLISH EDUCATION STUDY PROGRAM

FACULTY OF TEACHER TRAINING AND EDUCATION
TADULAKO UNIVERSITY
 PREFACE

In the ever-evolving landscape of our professional and personal lives, one constant remains - the
inevitability of making mistakes. It is through these mistakes that we learn, grow, and evolve.
However, addressing these errors and providing constructive feedback is an art that requires a delicate
balance of empathy, understanding, and clear communication.

This paper, titled "Addressing Mistakes/Errors and Giving Feedback", aims to delve into the
intricacies of this crucial aspect of human interaction. We will explore various strategies and
methodologies to effectively address mistakes and provide meaningful feedback.

We will also discuss the psychological impact of feedback, the importance of creating a safe
environment for constructive criticism, and the role of empathy in this process.

It is our hope that this paper will serve as a comprehensive guide for individuals and organizations
aiming to foster a culture of continuous learning and improvement. We believe that by addressing
mistakes openly and providing constructive feedback, we can create a more productive and positive
environment for all.

Thank you for embarking on this journey with us.

Sincerely, Palu 27 February 2024

 TABLE OF CONTENTS

COVER
PREFACE
TABLE OF CONTENTS
CHAPTER I INTRODUCTION
1.1 Background
1.2 Formulation of Problems
CHAPTER II DISCUSSION

2.2 What is an effective way to deal with errors or mistakes in a context

2.2 What are the types of errors that may occur, and how to identify and address each type
2.3 What is the importance of providing effective feedback in the learning and development process.
2.4 How to provide motivating and constructive feedback to individuals who make mistakes or errors
2.5 How to minimize the risk of future mistakes once they have been addressed

CHAPTER III CLOSING

3.1 Conclusion
3.2 Advice

REFERENCE
 CHAPTER I
INTRODUCTION
1.1. Background
In the realm of education, business, and personal development, addressing mistakes and
providing feedback is an integral part of growth and improvement. It is a universal fact that
nobody is perfect, and everyone makes mistakes. However, the way these mistakes are
addressed and the feedback given subsequently can significantly influence an individual's
learning curve and future performance. The process of addressing mistakes is not merely
about pointing out the errors. It involves a careful approach that encourages learning and
improvement rather than inducing fear or embarrassment. Similarly, giving feedback is not
about criticizing or praising. It's about providing constructive and meaningful insights that can
help the individual to improve their performance and achieve their goals. Despite its
importance, addressing mistakes and giving feedback is often overlooked or not done
effectively due to various reasons such as lack of time, fear of hurting others' feelings, or not
knowing the right way to do it. This has led to a gap in communication and learning,
hindering the growth and development of individuals and organizations. Hence, this paper
aims to delve into the importance of addressing mistakes and giving feedback, the right
techniques to do it, and how it can contribute to personal and organizational growth. Through
this paper, we hope to shed light on this crucial aspect of learning and development and
provide valuable insights for educators, managers, and individuals alike.
1.2 Formulation of Problems
2. What is an effective way to deal with errors or mistakes in a context.
3. What are the types of errors that may occur, and how to identify and address each type.
4. What is the importance of providing effective feedback in the learning and development
process.
5. How to provide motivating and constructive feedback to individuals who make mist akes
or errors.
6. How to minimize the risk of future mistakes once they have been addressed.
 CHAPTER II

DISCUSSION

2.1 What is an effective way to deal with errors or mistakes in a context

Dealing with errors or mistakes can be challenging, but there are effective ways to handle
them in any context. Here are a few strategies we can try:
1. Take responsibility: Acknowledge your mistake and take ownership of it. Avoid making
excuses or blaming others. This shows maturity and a willingness to learn and grow from the
experience.
2. Apologize sincerely: Offer a genuine apology to anyone who may have been affected by your
mistake. Express your regret and assure them that you will take steps to prevent similar errors
in the future.
3. Learn from the mistake: Reflect on what went wrong and identify the factors that contributed
to the error. This will help you understand the root cause and prevent it from happening again.
Consider seeking feedback or guidance from others to gain different perspectives.
4. Take corrective action: Once you have identified the cause of the mistake, take appropriate
steps to rectify it. This may involve fixing the error, making amends, or implementing
preventive measures to avoid similar mistakes in the future.
5. Communicate openly: If the mistake impacted others, communicate with them openly and
transparently. Keep them informed about the situation, the steps you are taking to address it,
and any changes that may result from the error.
6. Maintain a positive attitude: It's important to stay positive and not dwell on the mistake.
Instead, focus on learning and growing from the experience. Use it as an opportunity to
improve your skills and knowledge.
2.2. What are the types of errors that may occur, and how to identify and address each type
Occur in various contexts, and it's important to understand the different types of errors and
how to identify and address them. Here are some common types of errors and strategies to
deal with each:
1. Technical Errors: These errors occur in technical or mechanical systems and can include
software bugs, hardware malfunctions, or connectivity issues. To identify technical errors,
look for error messages, system crashes, or unexpected behavior. To address them, try
troubleshooting steps like restarting the system, updating software or drivers, or seeking
technical support.
2. Communication Errors: Communication errors happen when there is a breakdown in
conveying or understanding information. This can include miscommunication,
misunderstandings, or unclear instructions. To identify communication errors, pay attention to
inconsistencies, confusion, or lack of clarity in conversations or written communication. To
 address them, clarify information, ask for feedback, and actively listen to ensure
understanding. Repeat or rephrase instructions if necessary.
3. Decision-Making Errors: These errors occur when making judgments or decisions based on
incomplete or inaccurate information. They can include errors in judgment, biased thinking,
or poor decision-making processes. To identify decision-making errors, reflect on the
outcomes of your decisions and consider whether they align with your goals or expectations.
To address them, gather as much relevant information as possible, consider different
perspectives, seek advice from others, and use critical thinking to evaluate options.
4. Procedural Errors: Procedural errors happen when there are mistakes or deviations from
established procedures or protocols. This can include errors in following instructions,
skipping steps, or performing tasks incorrectly. To identify procedural errors, compare your
actions to established procedures or guidelines and look for any deviations. To address them,
review and familiarize yourself with the correct procedures, seek clarification if needed, and
take the time to double-check your work to ensure accuracy.
5. Human Errors: Human errors are unintentional mistakes that can happen due to factors like
fatigue, distraction, or lack of attention to detail. They can occur in any context. To identify
human errors, reflect on your actions and consider whether you were fully focused, well-
rested, or following established protocols. To address them, practice mindfulness and self-
awareness, take breaks when needed, use checklists or reminders to stay organized, and learn
from past mistakes to prevent future occurrences.

2.3 What is the importance of providing effective feedback in the learning and development
process.
Providing effective feedback is crucial in the learning and development process. Feedback is
a process of providing information to learners about their performance, which helps them to
improve their skills and knowledge. Effective feedback is important for several reasons.
Firstly, it helps learners to understand their progress towards achieving their learning
objectives. Feedback provides learners with information on how well they are performing,
and whether they are meeting the required standards. This information is crucial as it helps
learners to identify areas where they need to improve and focus their efforts on those areas.
Secondly, effective feedback helps learners to identify their strengths and weaknesses.
Feedback provides learners with information on what they are doing well and what they need
to improve. This information is essential as it helps learners to build on their strengths and
address their weaknesses. Thirdly, effective feedback helps learners to develop self-
awareness. Feedback provides learners with an external perspective on their performance,
which can help them to identify areas where they may have blind spots. Fourthly, effective
feedback helps learners to develop a growth mindset. Feedback provides learners with
 information on how they can improve their performance, which can help them to develop a
growth mindset. Effective feedback should be specific, timely, and constructive. It should
also be a two-way street, with learners routinely asking for feedback from others. Feedback
should be clear, focused on improvement strategies, and provide specific guidance on how to
improve learning outcomes. Effective feedback encourages reflection and should be limited to
what learners can reasonably accept. Feedback should start with learning intentions and be
delivered in a language that is accessible to learners. Effective feedback can provide
information to teachers that can be used to help shape teaching. In conclusion, effective
feedback is a vital component of the learning and development process, and it helps learners
to improve their skills and knowledge, develop self-awareness, and develop a growth mindset.
In the dynamic era of educational development, providing effective feedback becomes a
critical element in supporting the learning and growth process. This paper discusses the
significance of this aspect and its positive impact on student development.
1. Context of Feedback in Learning
The importance of feedback extends beyond evaluating learning outcomes, encompassing the
provision of constructive guidance. Through feedback, students can understand their strengths
and weaknesses, laying the foundation for further development.
2. Improving Student Performance

Effective feedback plays a key role in enhancing student performance. By understanding

areas that need improvement, students can focus on self-development, resulting in a
significant improvement in their academic achievements.

3. Motivation and Learning Enthusiasm

Receiving positive feedback boosts student motivation. Knowing that their efforts are
recognized and receiving constructive guidance can provide an additional boost to learn with
high enthusiasm.

4. Development of Critical Skills

Feedback guides students toward the development of critical skills. Teachers can provide
specific guidance to enhance analytical abilities, creative thinking, and other skills essential
for success in the real world.

5. Adaptation of Teaching Methods

By receiving feedback from students, teachers can adjust their teaching methods. This creates
a learning environment that is more responsive to students’ learning styles and individual
needs.
6. Empowerment of Leadership

Feedback plays a crucial role in shaping leadership. Teachers can guide students in
identifying and developing their leadership potential, creating a generation that is not only
academically intelligent but also capable of leading.

7. Positive Relationships

Effectively providing feedback creates positive relationships between teachers and students.
A supportive and trusting learning environment encourages active participation in the learning
process.

2.4 How to provide motivating and constructive feedback to individuals who make mistakes
or errors
Providing motivating and constructive feedback is essential when individuals make mistakes
or errors. Here are detailed steps to achieve this:
1. Choose the Right Time and Place
Select an appropriate time and private setting to discuss the feedback. Avoid addressing
mistakes in public or during tense moments.
2. Be Specific and Objective
Clearly identify the mistake or error using specific examples. Avoid vague criticisms and
focus on the particular behavior or action that needs improvement.
3. Use Positive Language
Frame your feedback in a positive and supportive manner. Instead of blaming, express the
belief in the individual's potential for improvement. For instance, say, "I believe you can
excel with a slight adjustment."
4. Offer Constructive Solutions
Provide practical solutions or alternatives to address the mistake. Encourage the individual to
brainstorm solutions with you, fostering a collaborative approach to improvement.
5. Acknowledge Positive Aspects
Recognize the positive aspects of the individual's performance. This helps maintain a
balanced perspective and motivates them to build on their strengths while addressing
weaknesses.
6. Encourage Self-Reflection
Prompt the individual to reflect on the mistake and its consequences. This self-awareness can
lead to a deeper understanding of areas for improvement and a commitment to change.
7. Set Realistic Goals
 Collaboratively set achievable goals for improvement. Break down larger objectives into
smaller, manageable steps to make progress more attainable.

8. Express Confidence and Support

Convey confidence in the individual's ability to overcome the mistake. Offer ongoing support
and guidance, emphasizing that mistakes are part of the learning process.
9. Promote Open Communication
Encourage open communication by inviting the individual to share their perspective. Actively
listen to their thoughts and concerns, fostering a sense of mutual respect.
10. Follow-Up
Schedule follow-up meetings to track progress and provide additional guidance. Reinforce
positive changes and address any lingering challenges with patience and understanding.
2.5 How to minimize the risk of future mistakes once they have been addressed
Minimizing the risk of future mistakes involves implementing strategies and fostering an
environment that supports continuous improvement. Here's a more detailed explanation of
how to achieve this:
1. Training and Development
Provide additional training or resources to address specific knowledge gaps or skill
deficiencies. Continuous learning opportunities can enhance competencies and reduce the
likelihood of repeating mistakes.
2. Clear Guidelines and Procedures
Ensure that clear guidelines and procedures are in place for tasks and responsibilities. This
helps individuals understand expectations, reducing the chances of errors caused by confusion
or lack of information.
3. Implement Checklists
Introduce checklists for complex tasks or processes. Checklists serve as a visual guide,
helping individuals follow step-by-step instructions and minimizing the risk of overlooking
important details.
4. Encourage Collaboration
Foster a culture of collaboration where team members can share insights and experiences.
Encourage open communication to learn from each other's successes and mistakes, creating a
collective learning environment.
5. Establish a Feedback Loop
Implement a feedback loop that allows individuals to regularly receive input on their
performance. This can include periodic reviews, assessments, or peer evaluations. Regular
feedback helps individuals stay on track and make necessary adjustments.
6. Promote a Growth Mindset
 Cultivate a growth mindset within the team, emphasizing that mistakes are opportunities for
learning and improvement. Encourage individuals to view challenges as a natural part of the
learning process, fostering resilience and adaptability.
7. Use Technology Solutions
Leverage technology tools and systems to automate repetitive tasks and minimize the risk of
human error. Automation can help streamline processes, reducing the likelihood of mistakes
caused by manual intervention.
8. Employee Empowerment
Empower individuals by giving them a sense of ownership and responsibility for their work.
When individuals feel accountable for their tasks, they are more likely to take extra care and
attention to avoid mistakes.
9. Regular Review and Reflection
Schedule regular reviews of processes and workflows to identify areas for improvement.
Reflect on past mistakes and discuss how procedures can be refined to prevent similar issues
in the future.
10. Celebrate Successes
Acknowledge and celebrate successes and achievements. Positive reinforcement reinforces
good practices and motivates individuals to maintain high standards, reducing the likelihood
of recurring mistakes.
11. Create a Supportive Environment
Foster a supportive workplace culture where individuals feel comfortable seeking assistance
and admitting mistakes. When there is an open dialogue, issues can be addressed promptly,
preventing them from escalating into larger problems.
 CHAPTER III
CLOSING

3.3 Conclusion
In conclusion, addressing mistakes and giving feedback are integral parts of personal and
professional growth. They foster a culture of continuous learning and improvement, promote
open communication, and build stronger relationships. However, it's essential to approach these
processes with empathy, understanding, and clear communication to ensure they are effective
and beneficial.

3.2 Advice
Foster a supportive environment where mistakes are seen as opportunities for learning, not
failures. Ensure that feedback is specific, actionable, and respectful, promoting a culture of
kindness and understanding. Encourage regular feedback sessions to foster continuous
improvement, rather than waiting for formal reviews. Leverage digital tools to facilitate the
feedback process, particularly in remote work scenarios. By implementing these suggestions,
individuals and organizations can address mistakes effectively and ensure feedback is given and
received in a manner that promotes growth and development.
 REFERECE

Northouse, P. G. (2018). Leadership: Theory and Practice.Lencioni, P. (2002). The Five

Dysfunctions of a Team.
Sachdeva, A. K. (1996). Use of effective feedback to facilitate adult learning. Journal of
Cancer Education, 11(2), 106-118.