INFECTION PREVENTION AND CONTROL

NAME:_____________________________________________________ SECTION:_____________
I. Match the following terms that are related to the infectious process.
_____________1. Individual’s degree of resistance to pathogens A. Pathogen
B. Colonization
_____________2. Persons who show no symptoms of illness but who have the pathogens that are transferred to others
C. Infectious Disease
_____________3. Prevention of the growth and reproduction of bacteria by cold temperatures
D. Communicable Disease
_____________4. Infectious agent E. pH
_____________5. Bacteria that require oxygen for survival F. Portal of Exit
_____________6.Having an impaired immune system G. Major Route of
_____________7. Acidity of the environment transmission
_____________8. Bacteria that thrive with little or no free oxygen H. Virulence
_____________9. A temperature or chemical that destroys bacteria
I. Susceptibility
J. Immunocompromised
_____________10. A place where a pathogen survives
K. Reservoir
_____________11. Unwashed hands of a health care worker L. Carriers
_____________12. An infectious disease that is transmitted directly from one person to another M. Aerobic bacteria
_____________13.Organism that multiplies within a host but does not cause an infection N. Anaerobic bacteria
O. Bacteriostatis
_____________14. Sites such as blood, mucus membranes, respiratory tract, genitourinary tract, and gastrointestinal tract
_____________15.Illnesses such as viral meningitis or pneumonia P. Bactericidal
_____________16. Ability to survive in the host or outside the body
17. Development of an infection occurs in a cycle that depends on the following elements. Draw and describe the elements/ links that
make up the chain of infection

19. Explain the most common modes of transmission: C.

A. Direct
___________________________________________________
B. Indirect
___________________________________________________
C. Droplet
___________________________________________________
D. Airborne
___________________________________________________
E. Vehicles
___________________________________________________
F. Vector
___________________________________________________
20. Define the following terminologies:
A. Inflammation
___________________________________________________
B. Infection
___________________________________________________
21. Describe the two types of infection:
A. Localized
___________________________________________________
B. Systemic
___________________________________________________
22. Describe the cardinal signs of inflammation:
A.
_________________________________________________
B.
_________________________________________________
NUTRITION
NAME:_____________________________________________________
_________________________________________________
D.
_________________________________________________
E
._________________________________________________
23. Describe the following infection precautions:
A. Standard
___________________________________________________
B. Airborne
___________________________________________________
C. Droplet
___________________________________________________
D. Contact
___________________________________________________
24. Identify some common nursing diagnoses that apply to
patients at risk or who have an actual infection.
A.
___________________________________________________
B.
___________________________________________________
C.
___________________________________________________
D.
___________________________________________________
E.
___________________________________________________
SECTION:_____________
Match the following biochemical units of nutrition
________1. Basal metabolic rate
(BMR)
________2. Resting energy expenditure
(REE)
________3. kcal
________4. Nutrient density
________5. Saccharides
________6. Simple carbohydrates
________7. Fiber
________8. Proteins
________9. Amino acid
________10. Indispensable amino acids
________11. Dispensable amino acids
________12. Nitrogen balance
________13. Lipids
________14. Triglycerides
________15. Saturated fatty acids
________16. Unsaturated fatty acids
________17. Monounsaturated fatty acids
________18. Polyunsaturated fatty acids
________19. Water
________20. Fat-soluble vitamins
________21. Hypervitaminosis
________22. Water-soluble vitamins
________23. Trace elements
a. Vitamin C and B complex
b. Inorganic elements that act as catalysts in biochemical reactions
c. Energy needed to maintain life-sustaining activities for a
specific period of time at rest
d. Simplest form of a protein
e. Made up of three fatty acids attached to a glycerol
f. The intake and output of nitrogen are equal
g. Fatty acids that have two or more double carbon bonds
h. Resting metabolic rate over a 24-hour period
i. Kilocalorie
j. Are found primarily in sugars
k. Polysaccharide that does not contribute calories to the diet
l. Makes up 60% to 70% of total body weight
m. Most calorie-dense nutrient; provides 9 kcal/g
n. The proportion of essential nutrients to the number of kilocalories
o. Carbohydrate units
p. Alanine, asparagine, and glutamic acid
q. Unequal number of hydrogen atoms are attached and the carbon
atoms attach to each other with a double bond
r. Each carbon has two attached hydrogen atoms
s. Histidine, lysine, and phenylalanine
t. Results from megadoses of supplemental vitamins, fortified
food, and large intake of fish oils
u. Vitamins A, D, E, and K
v. A source of energy (4kcal/g)
w. Fatty acids with one double bond

Match the following key terms related to the digestive system.

________24. Enzymes a. Anabolism of glucose into glycogen for storage

________25. Peristalsis
________26. Chyme
________27. Active transport
________28. Passive diffusion
________29. Osmosis
________30. Pinocytosis
________31. Metabolism
________32. Anabolism
________33. Catabolism
________34. Glycogenolysis
________35. Glycogenesis
________36. Gluconeogenesis
b. Acidic, liquefied mass
c. Catabolism of glycogen into glucose, carbon dioxide, and water
d. Building of more complex biochemical substances by synthesis of nutrients
e. Breakdown of biochemical substances into simpler substances, occurring during a
negative nitrogen balance
f. Proteinlike substances that act as catalysts to speed up chemical reactions
g. Particles move from an area of greater concentration to an area of lesser
concentration
h. Wavelike muscular contractions
i. Catabolism of amino acids and glycerol into glucose for energy
j. Engulfing of large molecules of nutrients by the absorbing cell
k. Movement of water through a membrane that separates
solutions of different concentrations, do not need a special “carrier”
l. Force by which particles move outward from an area of greater concentration to
lesser concentration
m. All biochemical reactions within the cells of the body

37-40. Describe the following therapeutic meal plans F. High Residue Diet
A. Clear Liquid ___________________________________________________
___________________________________________________ G. Low fat/Low Cholesterol Diet
B. Full Liquid ___________________________________________________
___________________________________________________ H. Low Sodium diet
C. Soft Diet ___________________________________________________
__________________________________________________ I. High Potassium Diet
D. Bland Diet ___________________________________________________
___________________________________________________ J. Renal Diet
E. Low Residue Diet ___________________________________________________
___________________________________________________ K. Low Purine Diet
___________________________________________________
ACTIVTIY/EXERCISE - MOBILITY/IMMOBILITY
NAME:_____________________________________________________ SECTION:_____________
Match the following terms related to the nature of movement.
________1. Movement a. Force that occurs in a direction to oppose movement
________2. Mobility b. Required to maintain a static position
________3. Body mechanics c. Coordination between the musculoskeletal and nervous system
________4. Body alignment d. Describes the coordinated efforts of the musculoskeletal and nervous
________5. Balance system
________6. Friction e. Used to show self-defense, perform activities of daily living (ADLs), and do
recreational activities
f. The individual’s center of gravity is stable

Match the following terms.

________7. Posture
________8. Activities of daily living
________9. Body alignment
________10. Body balance
________11. Coordinated body movement
________12.Friction
________13. Activity tolerance
________14. Isotonic contractions
________15. Isometric contractions
________16. Resistive isometric exercises
________17. Fibrous joints
________18. Cartilaginous joints
________19. Synovial joints
________20. Ligaments
________21. Tendons
________22. Cartilage
________23. Antagonistic muscles
________24. Synergistic muscles
________25. Antigravity muscles
________26. Proprioception
a. The awareness of the position of the body and its parts
b. Bands of tissue that connect muscle to bone
c. Muscles that are involved with joint stabilization
d. ADLs
e. The amount of exercise or activity that the person is able to perform
f. Have little movement but are elastic and use cartilage to separate body
surfaces
g. Freely movable joints
h. Nonvascular supporting tissue
i. Muscles that bring about movement of a joint
j. Muscles that contract to accomplish the same movement
k. Maintained by the coordinated movements of the musculoskeletal and
nervous systems
l. Movement that is the result of weight, center of gravity, and balance
m. The force that occurs in a direction to oppose movement
n. Occurs with a low center of gravity and a wide, stable base of support
o. Exercises that involve tightening or tensing of muscles without moving
body parts (quadriceps set exercises)
p. The relationship of one body part to another body part
q. Exercises that cause muscle contraction and change in muscle length
(walking, swimming, biking)
r. Bands of fibrous tissue that bind joints and connect bones and cartilage
s. Contraction of muscles while pushing against a stationary object or
resisting the movement of the object (e.g., push-ups)
t. Joints that fit closely together and are fixed

27. Identify the nursing diagnoses that are related to ___________________________________________________

activity and exercise. 29. What is the difference between active ROM and passive
a. ROM?
__________________________________________________
___________________________________________________
b.
__________________________________________________
c. ___________________________________________________
__________________________________________________
d.
___________________________________________________
__________________________________________________
e.
___________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________

Planning 30. Explain the following cardiovascular changes that

28. List three outcomes for a patient with deficits in activity and occur with immobility.
exercise
A. a. Orthostatic hypotension:
___________________________________________________
B. ___________________________________________________
__________________________________________________ b. Thrombus
C.
__________________________________________________
PAIN MANAGEMENT
NAME:_____________________________________________________ SECTION:_____________
Match the following terms related to pain. _________7.
a. Binds to receptors Neuromodulators
on peripheral nerves, increasing pain stimuli
_________1. Pain experience _________8.
b. Causes vasodilation and edemaPerception
_________2. Nociceptor _________9.
c. Involves physical, Modulation
emotional, and cognitive components
_________3. Substance P _________10. Paintothreshold
d. Level of pain a person is willing put up with
_________4. Serotonin _________11.
e. The point at which a personPain tolerance
is aware of pain
_________5. Prostaglandins f. Sensory peripheral pain nerve fiber
_________6. Bradykinin g. Inhibition of the pain impulse of the nociceptive process
h. Increase sensitivity to pain
i. Body’s natural supply of morphine like substances
j. Inhibits pain transmission
k. The point at which a person feels pain
C. Music
12. Explain the difference between the following.
a. Acute pain: ___________________________________________________
___________________________________________________ D. Cutaneous Stimulation
b. Chronic pain
___________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________
E.Heat and Cold Application
13. Define the following terms related to pain.
a. Chronic episodic pain: ___________________________________________________
___________________________________________________
b. Idiopathic pain 17. Identify the three types of analgesics used for pain relief.
___________________________________________________ A.
___________________________________________________
14. Pain is classified by inferred pathology. Describe the B.
following. ___________________________________________________
a. Nociceptive pain: C.
___________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________
b. Somatic pain:
___________________________________________________
c. Visceral pain: 18. List patient outcomes appropriate for the patient
___________________________________________________ experiencing pain
d. Neuropathic pain: A.
___________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________
e. Breakthrough pain: B.
___________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________
f. Referred pain: C.
___________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________
g. Phantom pain: .
___________________________________________________ 19-20. Describe the Mnemonic OPQRST to evaluate pain:
A. Onset
15. List potential or actual nursing diagnoses related to a patient
in pain: ___________________________________________________
A. B. Provoking or Palliative factors
___________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________
B. C. Quality
___________________________________________________
C. ___________________________________________________
___________________________________________________ D. Region or radiation, relieving factors
D.
___________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________
E. E. Severity
___________________________________________________
___________________________________________________
16. Identify nonpharmacologic interventions to lessen pain. F. Timing
Briefly explain each one.
A. Relaxation ___________________________________________________

___________________________________________________
B. Distraction

___________________________________________________