BASIC CALCULUS

St. Paul University Manila

Mr. Amniel D. Mejico
Senior High School Faculty
Pre-Calculus
More
Optimization
Problems
EXAMPLE 5
Applied Minimum and Maximum Problems
We need to enclose a rectangular field with a fence. We have 500 feet of
fencing materials, and a building is on one side of the field and so won’t need
any fencing. Determine the dimensions of the field that will enclose the
largest area.
Given:
Perimeter: Area:
𝑃 =𝑥+𝑦+𝑦 𝐴 = 𝐿𝑊
500 = 𝑥 + 2𝑦 𝐴 = 𝑥𝑦
EXAMPLE 5
Applied Minimum and Maximum Problems
We need to enclose a rectangular field with a fence. We have 500 feet of fencing materials,
and a building is on one side of the field and so won’t need any fencing. Determine the
dimensions of the field that will enclose the largest area.
Solution: Optimize:
𝑨 = 𝒙𝒚 (1) 𝟏 Interval (Feasible Domain):
𝑨 = 𝟐𝟓𝟎𝒙 − 𝒙𝟐
𝟐 𝟎, 𝟓𝟎𝟎
𝟓𝟎𝟎 = 𝒙 + 𝟐𝒚 (2) Differentiate:
Evaluate the critical points and the
𝟐𝒚 = 𝟓𝟎𝟎 − 𝒙 𝑨" = 𝟐𝟓𝟎 − 𝒙 endpoints of the closed interval:
𝒙 Find all the critical
𝒚 = 𝟐𝟓𝟎 − at 𝒙 = 𝟐𝟓𝟎 ← Maximum 𝟏
𝟐 points:
𝑨 𝟐𝟓𝟎 = 𝟐𝟓𝟎 𝟐𝟓𝟎 − 𝟐𝟓𝟎 𝟐
𝒙 𝟎 = 𝟐𝟓𝟎 − 𝒙 𝟐
𝑨= 𝒙 𝟐𝟓𝟎 − 𝑨 𝟐𝟓𝟎 = 𝟑𝟏, 𝟐𝟓𝟎 Therefore, the
𝟐 𝒙 = 𝟐𝟓𝟎 dimensions of the field
𝟏 To find the second number, that will enclose the
𝑨 = 𝟐𝟓𝟎𝒙 − 𝒙𝟐 𝒙 𝟐𝟓𝟎 largest area is 250 ft by
𝟐 𝒚 = 𝟐𝟓𝟎 − = 𝟐𝟓𝟎 − = 𝟏𝟐𝟓
𝟐 125 ft.
𝟐
EXAMPLE 6
Applied Minimum and Maximum Problems
We want to construct a box whose base length is 3 times the base width.
The material used to build the top and bottom cost $10/ft2 and the material
used to build the sides cost $6/ft2. If the box must have a volume of 50ft3
determine the dimensions that will minimize the cost to build the box.
Given: Cost of the materials:
Volume of a Prism: 𝐶 = 10$ 2𝑙𝑤 + 6$ 2𝑙ℎ + 6$ 2𝑤ℎ
𝑉 = 𝑙𝑤ℎ
𝑉 = 3𝑤 𝑤 ℎ Area of top Area of front Area of left
and bottom and back and right
𝑉 = 3𝑤 -ℎ 𝐶 = 20𝑙𝑤 + 12𝑙ℎ + 12𝑤ℎ
50 = 3𝑤 -ℎ = 20 3𝑤 𝑤 + 12 3𝑤 ℎ + 12𝑤ℎ
= 60𝑤 - + 36𝑤ℎ + 12𝑤ℎ = 60𝑤 - + 48𝑤ℎ
EXAMPLE 6
Applied Minimum and Maximum Problems
We want to construct a box whose base length is 3 times the base width. The material used to build
the top and bottom cost $10/ft2 and the material used to build the sides cost $6/ft2. If the box must
have a volume of 50ft3 determine the dimensions that will minimize the cost to build the box.
Solution: Optimize:
𝑪 = 𝟔𝟎𝒘𝟐 + 𝟒𝟖𝒘𝒉 Interval (Feasible Domain):
𝑪 = 𝟔𝟎𝒘𝟐 + 𝟖𝟎𝟎𝒘#𝟏
𝟎, 𝟓𝟎
𝟓𝟎 = 𝟑𝒘𝟐 𝒉 (2) Differentiate:
𝟓𝟎 𝑪" = 𝟏𝟐𝟎𝒘 − 𝟖𝟎𝟎𝒘#𝟐 Since, w = 1.8821 then,
𝒉= 𝒘 = 𝟏. 𝟖𝟖𝟐𝟏
𝟑𝒘𝟐 Find all the critical Therefore, the dimensions
points: 𝒍 = 𝟑𝒘 = 𝟑 𝟏. 𝟖𝟖𝟐𝟏 that will minimize the cost
𝟓𝟎 𝟖𝟎𝟎
𝑪= 𝟔𝟎𝒘𝟐 + 𝟒𝟖𝒘 𝟎 = 𝟏𝟐𝟎𝒘 − 𝒘𝟐 to build the box 5.6463 ft
𝟑𝒘𝟐 𝒍 = 𝟓. 𝟔𝟒𝟔𝟑
𝒘𝟐 by 1.8821 ft by 4.7050 ft.
𝟖𝟎𝟎 𝟓𝟎 𝟓𝟎
𝑪 = 𝟔𝟎𝒘𝟐 + 𝟎 = 𝟏𝟐𝟎𝒘𝟑 − 𝟖𝟎𝟎 𝒉= =
𝒘 𝟏𝟐𝟎𝒘𝟑 = 𝟖𝟎𝟎 𝟑𝒘𝟐 𝟑 𝟏. 𝟖𝟖𝟐𝟏 𝟐
𝑪 = 𝟔𝟎𝒘𝟐 + 𝟖𝟎𝟎𝒘#𝟏 𝒘𝟑 = 𝟔. 𝟔𝟔𝟔𝟕 𝒉 = 𝟒. 𝟕𝟎𝟓𝟎
𝒘 = 𝟏. 𝟖𝟖𝟐𝟏
EXAMPLE 7
Applied Minimum and Maximum Problems
We have a piece of cardboard that is
14 inches by 10 inches and we’re
going to cut out the corners as shown
w
below and fold up the sides to form a h
box, also shown below. Determine l
the height of the box that will give a
maximum volume.
Given:
Volume of a Prism:
𝑉 = 𝑙𝑤ℎ
𝑉 = 14 − 2ℎ 10 − 2ℎ ℎ
𝑉 = 140ℎ − 48ℎ& + 4ℎ'
EXAMPLE 7
Applied Minimum and Maximum Problems
We have a piece of cardboard that is 14 inches by 10 inches and we’re going to cut out the corners as
shown below and fold up the sides to form a box, also shown below. Determine the height of the box
that will give a maximum volume.
Solution: Interval (Feasible Domain):
Optimize: 𝟎, 𝟓
𝑽 𝒉 = 𝟏𝟒𝟎𝒉 − 𝟒𝟖𝒉𝟐 + 𝟒𝒉𝟑
Differentiate: 𝒉 = 𝟏. 𝟗𝟏𝟖𝟑
𝑽" 𝒉 = 𝟏𝟒𝟎 − 𝟗𝟔𝒉 + 𝟏𝟐𝒉𝟐 Therefore, the height of the box
that will give a maximum
Find all the critical volume is 1.9183 inches
points:
𝟎 = 𝟏𝟒𝟎 − 𝟗𝟔𝒉 + 𝟏𝟐𝒉𝟐
𝟎 = 𝟑𝟓 − 𝟐𝟒𝒉 + 𝟑𝒉𝟐 Use a quadratic formula
𝟏𝟐 ± 𝟑𝟗 𝒉 = 𝟏. 𝟗𝟏𝟖𝟑
𝒉=
𝟑 𝒉 = 𝟔. 𝟎𝟖𝟏𝟕