Acid – Base Equilibria

Level 2
Serial Multiple Choice
The next 3 questions involve the following solutions:
A. 50 ml. 1.0 M HC1 KA = very large C. 50 ml. 0.5 M HNO3 KA = very large
B. 50 ml. 1.0 M H2PO4 KA = 6.3 x 10-8 D. 50 ml. 0.5 M HSO3- KA = 6.3 x 10-8
-

E. 50 ml. 0.1 M HCN KA = 1.0 x 10-10

177. The greatest tendency to combine with H+ is possessed by
1) Cl-; 2) HPO4-2; 3) CN-; 4) NO3-; 5) SO-3.
ANS: 3

178. 50.5 ml. of 1.0 M NaOH would be more than sufficient to neutralize all
but one solution. The solution not neutralized is
1) A; 2) B; 3) C; 4) D; 5) E.
ANS: 2

179. HX- (KA = 1 x 10-5) would act as an acid toward some of the solutions listed.
They are 1) A, B, C; 2) A, C, E; 3) B, D; 4) C, E; 5) B, D, E.
ANS: 5

The next 2 questions deal with the following solutions:

A. 50 ml . 1.0 M HC1 KA = very large C. 50 ml. 0.5 M HNO3 KA = very large
B. 50 ml. 1.0 M H2PO4- KA = 6.3 x 10-8 D. 50 ml. 0.5 M HSO3- KA = 6.2 x 10-8
E. 50 ml. 0.1 M HCN KA = 1.0 x 10-10
180. Which solution has the highest hydroxide ion concentration in moles/liter?
1) A 2) B 3) C 4) D 5) E
ANS: 5
181. If these solutions were completely titrated with a Ba(OH)2 solution,
different amounts of base would be required. If solution D required 1 volume
of Ba(OH)2, then solution B would require
1) 1 volume of Ba(OH)2. 3) 3 volumes of Ba(OH)2. 5) 5 volumes
2) 2 volumes of Ba(OH)2. 4) 4 volumes of Ba(OH)2. of Ba(OH)2.
ANS: 4

The next 3 questions relate to the strengths of acids and bases.

182. Which of the following is the strongest acid in aqueous solution?
1) HNO2 2) HSO4- 3) HCO3- 4) HPO4-2 5) CH3COOH
ANS: 2
183. A 0.l M solution of a weak acid, HA, has a [H+] = 0.001 M. What is the KA for this acid?
1) 1.0 x 10-1 2) 1.0 x l0-5 3) 1.0 x 10-6 4) 1.0 x 10-7 5) none of these
ANS: 2
184. If 1.0 ml. of 0.1 M HC1 is added to each of five test tubes, each containing
a 0.1 M solution of the salt indicated, which one will have the lowest [H+]
after equilibrium is reached?
Test Tube Salt Solution Test Tube Salt Solution
1) I NaNO3 3) III NaHCO3
 2) II NaH2PO4 4) IV NaHSO4
5) V Na2CO3
ANS: 5

The next 2 questions concern the reaction:

2 H+(aq) + 2 CrO4-2(aq) ⇄ Cr2O7-2(aq) + H2O.
(yellow) (orange)
185. If a few drops of Pb(NO3)2 solution are added to the equilibrium above,
a yellow precipitate of PbCrO4(s) forms. Which of the following occurs when
a few drops of HNO3 are now added to this system?
1) A ppt. of Cr(NO3)2 forms. 3) More PbCrO4 forms.
2) A ppt. of Pb(NO3)2 forms. 4) Solution turns yellow.
5) Some PbCrO4(s) dissolves.
ANS: 5

186. A few drops of 6 M HNO3 are added to 10 ml.. of 0.1 M K2Cr2O7. When
a few drops of 0.1 M Sr(NO3)2 are added to this solution, no ppt. of SrCrO4
is formed. Which of the following changes might cause a ppt. of SrCrO4 to form?
1) Add 6 M NaOH to reduce H+. 3) Dilute solution with pure H2O.
2) Add 6 M HC1 to increase H+. 4) Add a few drops of 0.1 M NaNO3.
5) Add a few more drops of 6 M HNO3.
ANS: 1

The next 2 questions refer to the following aqueous solutions of acids:

A. HCN KA = 1.0 x 10-10
B. H2SO4 KA = large D. CH3COOH KA = 1.8 x 10-5
C. HBr KA = very large E. H3PO4 KA = 7.1 x 10-3

187. Which one of the above solutions contains the highest molar concentration
of OH-(aq) ions?
1) A 2) B 3) C 4) D 5) E
ANS: 1
188. Of the following, the species having the greatest tendency to combine with H+(aq) is
1) Br-(aq); 2) H2PO4-(aq); 3) CN-(aq); 4) HSO4-(aq); 5) CH3COO-(aq).
ANS: 3

The next 3 questions deal with a 1.0 M solution of hydrocyanic acid, HCN(aq), a weak acid.
The equilibrium involved is HCN(aq) ⇄ H+(aq) + CN-(aq); KA = 4.0 x 10-10.
189. In this 1.0 M solution of HCN(aq), which of the following species will be present
in the greatest concentration?
1) H+(aq) 3) HCN(aq)
2) CN-(aq) 4) OH-(aq) 5) H+(aq), CN-(aq) and HCN are equal.
ANS: 3
190. 30.0 ml. of the 1.0 M solution of HCN was titrated with a solution of NaOH
until the indicator phenolphthalein just turned pink. 50.0 ml. of the base was required.
The concentration of the sodium hydroxide solution is
1) 0.25 M; 2) 0.60 M; 3) 1.0 M; 4) 1.2 M; 5) 7.5 M.
ANS: 2
191. To
another
sample of 1.0
M HCN, an
equal volume
of 1.0 M
NaHSO4 is
added.
Which
reaction is
most likely
to occur?
1) HSO4-
(aq) + CN-
(aq) ⇄
HCN(aq) +
SO4-2( aq)
Note: KHSO4-
= 1.2 x 10-2
2)
HCN(aq) +
HSO4-(aq)
⇄
H2SO4(aq) +
CN-(aq)

KHCN = 4.0 x
10-10

3) HSO4-
(aq) +
H2O(l) ⇄
H2SO4(aq) +
OH-(aq)
4) HSO4-
(aq) +
HCN(aq)
⇄ H2CN+
(aq) + SO4-
2
(aq)
5)
HCN(aq) +
Na+(aq) ⇄
NaCN(aq) +
H+(aq)
ANS: 1