2021 13th International Conference on Measuring Technology and Mechatronics Automation (ICMTMA)

2021 13th International Conference on Measuring Technology and Mechatronics Automation (ICMTMA) | 978-1-6654-3892-6/20/$31.00 ©2021 IEEE | DOI: 10.1109/ICMTMA52658.2021.00129

'HVLJQ DQG ,PSOHPHQWDWLRQ RI 5HPRWH ([SHULPHQW 7HDFKLQJ 6\VWHP )UDPHZRUN

XQGHU %6 0RGH
/LX 6KDR\LQJ
*XDQJ[L 2SHQ 8QLYHUVLW\ 1DQQLQJ  &KLQD
IHQJJDR[T#VLQDFRP

$EVWUDFW²)RU WKH VKRUWDJH RI H[SHULPHQWDO UHVRXUFHV LQ H[SHULPHQW PDQDJHPHQW SODWIRUP EDVHG RQ %6 PRGH LV
PXOWLSOH VFKRROV WKLV SDSHU GHYHORSV D YLUWXDO H[SHULPHQW FRQVWUXFWHG 7KH SUHOLPLQDU\ ZRUN FRPSOHWHG WKH
SODWIRUP RI LQIRUPDWLRQ VHFXULW\ EDVHG RQ :HE VHUYLFHV 7KH GHSOR\PHQW RI ODERUDWRU\ KDUGZDUH UHVRXUFHV DQG WKH
V\VWHP DGRSWV %6 DUFKLWHFWXUH WR EXLOG D UHPRWH ODERUDWRU\ FRQVWUXFWLRQ RI QHWZRUN WRSRORJ\ DQG UHDOL]HG WKH EDVLF
7KH ZKROH V\VWHP LV GLYLGHG LQWR WKUHH OD\HUV LQFOXGLQJ ILHOG IXQFWLRQV RI UHPRWH FRQWURO RI QHWZRUN HTXLSPHQW DQG
HTXLSPHQW OD\HU GDWD OD\HU DQG SUHVHQWDWLRQ OD\HU 7KH SODWIRUP PDQDJHPHQW ,W FDQ UHGXFH WKH ZURQJ FRQILJXUDWLRQ
GDWDEDVH XVHV 0LFURVRIW V GHYHORSPHQW WRROV DQG FKRRVHV WKH LPSURYH WKH FRQILJXUDWLRQ HIILFLHQF\ DQG GHHSHQ WKH
YLVXDO LQWHJUDWLRQ SODWIRUP 7KH V\VWHP DOVR UHDOL]HV XVHU
XQGHUVWDQGLQJ RI WKH FRQILJXUDWLRQ SURFHVV ,Q WKH UHPRWH
PDQDJHPHQW LQIRUPDWLRQ TXHU\ RQOLQH OHDUQLQJ RQOLQH
QHWZRUNLQJ H[SHULPHQW PXOWLXVHU FRPSOHWHV WKH VDPH
WHVWLQJ H[SHULPHQWDO UHSRUW XSORDG PHVVDJH ERDUG DQG
YLUWXDO H[SHULPHQW SURMHFW PDQDJHPHQW XVLQJ $631(7 DQG
H[SHULPHQW ,Q RUGHU WR LPSURYH WKH HIILFLHQF\ RI H[SHULPHQW
64/ ODQJXDJH WR DFKLHYH WKH EDFNHQG GDWDEDVH GDWD DQDO\VLV FRPSOHWLRQ WKH SK\VLFDO UHVRXUFHV RI WKH ODERUDWRU\ FDQ EH
DQG SURFHVVLQJ )LQDOO\ EDVHG RQ WKH PRGXODU GHVLJQ LGHD WKH UHOHDVHG TXLFNO\ IRU RWKHU XVHUV WR XVH VR DV WR LPSURYH WKH
GHVLJQ DQG LPSOHPHQWDWLRQ SURFHVV RI HDFK IXQFWLRQDO PRGXOH XWLOL]DWLRQ UDWH RI ODERUDWRU\ HTXLSPHQW UHVRXUFHV
DUH GHVFULEHG LQ GHWDLO DQG WKH V\VWHP LV IXOO\ WHVWHG DQG
YHULILHG $IWHU FRUUHVSRQGLQJ WHVWV WKH UHPRWH QHWZRUN ,, '(9(/230(17 7(&+12/2*< 2) 1(7:25. 5(027(
H[SHULPHQW PDQDJHPHQW SODWIRUP LV SURYHG WR PHHW WKH (;3(5,0(17 3/$7)250
H[SHULPHQWDO WHDFKLQJ UHTXLUHPHQWV RI FRPSXWHU QHWZRUN
FRXUVH DQG DFKLHYH VWDEOH UHPRWH FRQQHFWLRQ SHUIRUPDQFH $ %6 1HWZRUN $SSOLFDWLRQ $UFKLWHFWXUH
%6 PRGH PHDQV WKDW WKH XVHU FDQ LQWHUDFW ZLWK WKH VHUYHU
.H\ZRUGVUHPRWH H[SHULPHQW WHDFKLQJ %6 1(7 0664/ GLUHFWO\ LQ WKH ZHE EURZVHU DQG JHW VHUYLFHV )HZ
8'', WUDQVDFWLRQV QHHG WR EH LPSOHPHQWHG RQ WKH FOLHQW FRPSXWHU
DQG PRVW RI WKH WUDQVDFWLRQV DUH FRPSOHWHG RQ WKH VHUYHU VLGH
, ,1752'8&7,21 6RPH VHUYLFHV PD\ UHTXLUH WKH XVHU WR UHJLVWHU DQ DFFRXQW
,Q PXOWLSOH FRQWURO WHDFKLQJ H[SHULPHQWV LQ FROOHJHV LW LV EXW WKH RSHUDWLRQ LV PRUH GLUHFW DQG FRQYHQLHQW WKDQ
GLIILFXOW IRU VWXGHQWV WR SHUIRUP FRPSUHKHQVLYH H[SHULPHQWV LQVWDOOLQJ VRIWZDUH 7KLV QRW RQO\ UHGXFHV WKH SHUIRUPDQFH
EHFDXVH LW LV GLIILFXOW WR PRYH ODUJHVFDOH SURGXFWLRQ UHTXLUHPHQWV RI FOLHQW FRPSXWHUV EXW DOVR UHGXFHV WKH FRVW
HTXLSPHQW WR WKH ODERUDWRU\ DQG WKH VWXGHQWV DUH DQG ZRUNORDG RI V\VWHP PDLQWHQDQFH 7KH %6 PRGH LV
LQFRQYHQLHQW WR HQWHU WKH IDFWRU\ SURGXFWLRQ OLQH 7KH YLUWXDO GHSLFWHG DV ILJXUH 
ODERUDWRU\ LV WR UHDOL]H WKH YLUWXDO PRGHOLQJ RI DQ\ LQGXVWULDO
VLWH WKURXJK WKH YLUWXDO VLPXODWLRQ RI WKHVH REMHFWV DQG WKHQ
WKURXJK WKH FRQILJXUDWLRQ RI WKH PRQLWRULQJ V\VWHP WKH
YLUWXDO FRQWURO FODVV FRPSUHKHQVLYH H[SHULPHQW LV ILQDOO\
IRUPHG :LWK WKH SURJUHVV RI QHWZRUN WHFKQRORJ\ HVSHFLDOO\
WKH GHYHORSPHQW RI ,QWHUQHW WHFKQRORJ\ YLUWXDO ODERUDWRU\
KDV HQWHUHG WKH HUD RI UHPRWH FRQWURO ,Q WKLV SDSHU FRPSXWHU
DXWRPDWLF FRQWURO WHFKQRORJ\ QHWZRUN FRPPXQLFDWLRQ
WHFKQRORJ\ FRQILJXUDWLRQ WHFKQRORJ\ GDWDEDVH WHFKQRORJ\
DQG ZHE WHFKQRORJ\ DUH XVHG WR EXLOG D UHPRWH YLUWXDO
FRQWURO ODERUDWRU\ V\VWHP
,Q WKLV SDSHU WKH KLHUDUFKLFDO DUFKLWHFWXUH RI WKH UHPRWH
YLUWXDO H[SHULPHQW V\VWHP LV GHVLJQHG DQG WKH )LJXUH  %6 DUFKLWHFKWXUH
LPSOHPHQWDWLRQ VWUDWHJ\ RI WKH UHPRWH YLUWXDO H[SHULPHQW
V\VWHP LV GLVFXVVHG 7KURXJK D VSHFLILF DSSOLFDWLRQ KRZ WR
LQWHJUDWH WKH UHPRWH YLUWXDO H[SHULPHQW V\VWHP ZLWK WKH % 1HWZRUN 3URJUDPPLQJ %DVHG RQ $631(7
H[LVWLQJ UHPRWH WHDFKLQJ DQG HGXFDWLRQDO DGPLQLVWUDWLRQ 1(7 IUDPHZRUN LV D PXOWLODQJXDJH FRPSRQHQW
V\VWHP LV GLVFXVVHG 7KURXJK WKHVH ZRUNV D IUDPHZRUN RI GHYHORSPHQW DQG H[HFXWLRQ HQYLURQPHQW ,W SURYLGHV D
UHPRWH YLUWXDO H[SHULPHQW V\VWHP EDVHG RQ ZHE LV JLYHQ XQLILHG SURJUDPPLQJ HQYLURQPHQW DFURVV ODQJXDJHV ,W LV
8VLQJ 1HW 0664/ GDWDEDVH DQG &ª SURJUDPPLQJ HDV\ WR EXLOG DSSOLFDWLRQ IUDPHZRUN DQG VHUYLFH IRU
WHFKQRORJ\ WDNLQJ WKH FRPPXQLFDWLRQ QHWZRUN ODERUDWRU\ RI GHYHORSHUV 7KH 1HW IUDPHZRUN LQFOXGHV
RXU FROOHJH DV KDUGZDUH UHVRXUFHV D UHPRWH QHWZRUN

978-1-6654-3892-6/21/$31.00 ©2021 IEEE 561

DOI 10.1109/ICMTMA52658.2021.00129

Authorized licensed use limited to: Linkoping University Library. Downloaded on June 20,2021 at 00:34:00 UTC from IEEE Xplore. Restrictions apply.
 %DVLF UXQWLPH XVHU LQWHUIDFH OLEUDU\ &/5 &ª 9%1(7  H[SHULPHQWDO WHDFKLQJ ZHE VHUYLFHV DUH GHVFULEHG LQ D
-VFULSW1(7 $631(7 $QG DOO DVSHFWV RI 1HW IUDPHZRUN XQLILHG ;0/ GDWD IRUPDW SDFNDJHG LQWR VRDS SDFNDJHV WR
$3, ,W FRQVLVWV RI WKH IROORZLQJ WKUHH SDUWV DFKLHYH LQIRUPDWLRQ WUDQVIHU
 1(7 SODWIRUP LQFOXGLQJ WRROV DQG EDVLF IUDPHZRUN
IRU EXLOGLQJ 1HW VHUYLFHV DQG 1HW GHYLFH VRIWZDUH
 1(7 SURGXFWV DQG VHUYLFHV LQFOXGLQJ 0LFURVRIW1(7
(QWHUSULVH VHUYHU
 1(7 VHUYLFHV SURYLGHG E\ WKLUG SDUW\ VRIWZDUH
GHYHORSHUV WKLUG SDUW\ VHUYLFHV EXLOW RQ 1HW SODWIRUP
& +LHUDUFKLFDO 6WUXFWXUH RI 5HPRWH /DERUDWRU\ 3ODWIRUP
7KH ZKROH UHPRWH ODERUDWRU\ V\VWHP FDQ EH GLYLGHG LQWR
WKUHH IXQFWLRQDO OD\HUV HTXLSPHQW OD\HU GDWD OD\HU DQG
SUHVHQWDWLRQ OD\HU 7KHVH WKUHH OD\HUV KDYH LQGHSHQGHQW
IXQFWLRQV 7KH\ DUH FRPELQHG RUJDQLFDOO\ E\ QHWZRUN
WHFKQRORJ\ DQG GDWD H[FKDQJH WHFKQRORJ\ WR IRUP D
FRPSOHWH V\VWHP )LJXUH  :(% VWUXFWXUH RI UHPRWH H[SHULPHQW V\VWHP
 (TXLSPHQW OD\HU
7KH HTXLSPHQW OD\HU FRQVLVWV RI VSHFLILF H[SHULPHQWDO % .H\ 0RGXOHV GHVLJQ
GHYLFHV DQG 3/& 3$& DQG RWKHU GDWD DFTXLVLWLRQ DQG
 6WXGHQW RQOLQH ERRNLQJ
FRQWURO HTXLSPHQW LQVWDOOHG LQ WKH ILHOG ,W LV UHVSRQVLEOH IRU
7KH SULQFLSOH LGHD LV RQH ZHHN EHIRUH WKH H[SHULPHQW
WKH FRQWURO RI ILHOG HTXLSPHQW DQG ILHOG GDWD DFTXLVLWLRQ DQG
DIWHU ORJJLQJ LQWR WKH ZHEVLWH WKH VWXGHQWV FDQ PDNH WKH
GDWD H[FKDQJH ZLWK WKH GDWD OD\HU
H[SHULPHQW DSSRLQWPHQW LQ WKH H[SHULPHQW DSSRLQWPHQW ZHE
 'DWD OD\HU
SDJH LQFOXGLQJ WKH DSSRLQWPHQW WLPH WKH H[SHULPHQW LWHPV
7KLV OD\HU LV XVHG WR SURFHVV DQG GLVSOD\ WKH FROOHFWHG
HWF 7KH WHDFKHU DSSURYHV WKH VWXGHQW V DSSRLQWPHQW LQ WKH
GDWD DQG PDQDJH DQG FRQWURO WKH HTXLSPHQW OD\HU 7KH GDWD
H[SHULPHQW PDQDJHPHQW SDJH %HIRUH ERDUGLQJ WKH UHPRWH
OD\HU FDQ UXQ LQGHSHQGHQWO\ XVLQJ VHOIGHYHORSHG VRIWZDUH
QHWZRUN H[SHULPHQW SODWIRUP IRU QHWZRUN H[SHULPHQW LW LV
7KURXJK WKH VHULDO SRUW RU ILHOGEXV LQWHUIDFH FDUG RI WKH
QHFHVVDU\ WR PDNH DQ DSSRLQWPHQW IRU SUDFWLFH DQG
FRPSXWHU LW FRPPXQLFDWHV ZLWK WKH HTXLSPHQW RI WKH GHYLFH
H[SHULPHQWDO HTXLSPHQW WKDW LV WKH VWXGHQW VKRXOG EH
OD\HU 7KH GDWD OD\HU SURYLGHV D YDULHW\ RI GULYHUV ZKLFK FDQ
DXWKHQWLFDWHG WKURXJK WKH EURZVHU ILUVW DQG WKHQ ORJLQ WR WKH
EH PDQXDOO\ DGGHG WR DFKLHYH FRPPXQLFDWLRQ ZLWK UHODWHG
UHVHUYDWLRQ LQWHUIDFH RI WKH H[SHULPHQWDO SODWIRUP DQG ZDWFK
GHYLFHV ,Q DGGLWLRQ WUHQG FRQWURO FDQ EH DGGHG WR WKH GDWD
WKH VHH WKH ODERUDWRU\ DSSRLQWPHQW VLWXDWLRQ 5HIHUULQJ WR
OD\HU WR FRPSOHWH WKH G\QDPLF GLVSOD\ RI UHDOWLPH GDWD $V D
WKH FXUUHQW DSSRLQWPHQW VWDWXV ILQG WKH IUHH WLPH VHJPHQW WR
GDWD EXIIHU SRRO WKH GDWD OD\HU VKLHOGV GLIIHUHQW GHYLFHV DW
DYRLG WKH H[SHULPHQW SHDN DQG WKHQ PDNH DQ DSSRLQWPHQW
WKH ERWWRP OD\HU DQG LV UHVSRQVLEOH IRU WKH FRPPXQLFDWLRQ
7KH FRQWHQWV RI WKH DSSRLQWPHQW LQFOXGH H[SHULPHQW FRQWHQW
EHWZHHQ WKH XSSHU OD\HU DQG WKH ORZHU OD\HU
H[SHULPHQWDO PDFKLQH GLVPDQWOLQJ VWDUW WLPH DQG HQG WLPH
 3UHVHQWDWLRQ OD\HU
,I WKH DSSRLQWPHQW LV VXFFHVVIXO VWXGHQWV FDQ FDOO ORJLQ
7KLV OD\HU PDLQO\ GLVSOD\V WKH GDWD RI WKH PLGGOH GDWD
SODWIRUP WR FRQGXFW QHWZRUN H[SHULPHQWV 2WKHUZLVH WKH
OD\HU LQ WKH EURZVHU VR WKDW UHPRWH XVHUV FDQ PRQLWRU WKH
DSSRLQWPHQW IDLOV DQG WKH DSSRLQWPHQW LV UHQHZHG
UXQQLQJ VWDWXV RI WKH H[SHULPHQWDO HTXLSPHQW LQ UHDO WLPH
7KLV SDSHU XVHV WKH GR LQVHUW PHWKRG LQ WKH VHOIGHILQHG
WKURXJK WKH EURZVHU DW DQ\ WLPH DQG FRQWURO LW UHPRWHO\ $W
GDWDEDVH FODVV WR LQVHUW WKH UHVHUYDWLRQ LQIRUPDWLRQ RI
SUHVHQW WKH ZD\ WR UHDOL]H UHPRWH ODERUDWRU\ LV WR REVHUYH
VWXGHQWV LQWR WKH 06 RUGHU WDEOH RI WKH GDWDEDVH
WKH H[SHULPHQW HIIHFW WKURXJK ,QWHUQHW DQG EURZVHU
QHZPDQDJHPHQW )LUVW D GDWDEDVH FRQQHFWLRQ VWULQJ
,,, '(6,*1 2) ',67$1&( (;3(5,0(17 7($&+,1* FRQQVWULQJ LV GHILQHG LQ WKH GDWDEDVH FODVV WR FRQQHFW WR WKH
02'(/ GDWDEDVH &UHDWH D FRQQHFWLRQ REMHFW FRUP LQ WKH LQVHUW
PHWKRG ERG\ WR RSHQ WKH GDWDEDVH FRQQHFWLRQ 7KHQ FUHDWH D
$ 2YHUUDOO 6WUXFWXUH RI 6\VWHP 6TO&RPPDQG REMHFW LQVWDQFH DQG H[HFXWH WKH
H[HFXWHQRQTXHU\ PHWKRG XQGHU WKH REMHFW WR SHUIRUP WKH
$FFRUGLQJ WR WKH RSHUDWLRQ PHFKDQLVP RI :HE VHUYLFHV GDWDEDVH XSGDWH RSHUDWLRQ DQG LQSXW WKH VWXGHQW V UHVHUYDWLRQ
DQG WKH SDUWLFXODULW\ RI YLUWXDO H[SHULPHQW V\VWHP WKH 8'', LQIRUPDWLRQ LQWR WKH GDWD WDEOH 7KH PDLQ FRGHV DUH GHSLFWHG
DXWKRUL]DWLRQ DFFHVV PRGXOH ZHE VHUYLFH SUR[\ PRGXOH DQG DV IROORZV
UHJLVWUDWLRQ LQIRUPDWLRQ EDVH PRGXOH DUH DGGHG WR WKH SXEOLF FODVV GDWDEDVH
RULJLQDO 8'', UHJLVWU\ DQG D SULYDWH 8'', UHJLVWU\ IRU ^
H[SHULPHQWDO WHDFKLQJ LV HVWDEOLVKHG ,WV DUFKLWHFWXUH PRGHO VWULQJ
LV VKRZQ LQ ILJXUH  ,Q WKH 38'', UHJLVWU\ RI ZHE VHUYLFH FRQQVWULQJ
DUFKLWHFWXUH WKH LQIRUPDWLRQ H[FKDQJH EHWZHHQ PRGXOHV LV VHUYHV ORFDOKRVWXVHU
EDVHG RQ ;0/ IRUPDW 6RDS SURWRFRO LV XVHG WR UHDOL]H SDVVZRUG GDWDEDVH QHZPDQDJHPHQW 
LQIRUPDWLRQ H[FKDQJH LQ GLVWULEXWHG HQYLURQPHQW 7KDW LV WR SXEOLF VWDWLF YRLG 'R ,QVHUW VWULQJ VTO
VD\ WKH LQWHUDFWLRQ DPRQJ XVHUV 8'', UHJLVWU\ DQG

562

Authorized licensed use limited to: Linkoping University Library. Downloaded on June 20,2021 at 00:34:00 UTC from IEEE Xplore. Restrictions apply.
 ^ WKH VDPH WLPH WKH KDUGZDUH UHVRXUFH IDXOW LQIRUPDWLRQ LV
6T,&RQQHFWLRQ FRQQ QHZ 6T,&RQQHFWLRQ  VHQW WR WKH ODERUDWRU\ DGPLQLVWUDWRU V PDLOER[ LQ WKH IRUP RI
FRQQ&RQQHFWLRQ6WULQJ FRQQVWULQJ HPDLO DQG WKH HPDLO KDV EHHQ VHQW VXFFHVVIXOO\ LQ WKH ZHE
FRQQ2SHQ4 SDJH )LQDOO\ WKH LQWHOOLJHQW IHHGEDFN RI HTXLSPHQW IDXOW
6T,&RPPDQG FPG QHZ 6TO&RPPDQG VTO FRUP  LQIRUPDWLRQ LV UHDOL]HG
FPG([HFXWH1RQ4XHU\4  6\VWHP LQWHUIDFH GHVLJQ
FRQQ&ORVHQ 5HPRWH FRPPXQLFDWLRQ WHFKQRORJ\ DOORZV WKH VKDULQJ RI
` &ª FODVV PHWKRGV EHWZHHQ KRVWV RQ WKH QHWZRUN ,W LV
 0XOWL SHUVRQ FRRSHUDWLRQ PHFKDQLVP GLIIHUHQW IURP ZHE VHUYLFH LQ WKDW LW GRHV QRW QHHG DQ\
$FFRUGLQJ WR WKH VSHFLILF SK\VLFDO WRSRORJ\ SODQQLQJ RI VRIWZDUH VXFK DV VHUYHU WR SURFHVV DOO NLQGV RI LQIRUPDWLRQ
WKH ODERUDWRU\ ZKHWKHU WKH ORFDO FRPPXQLFDWLRQ QHWZRUNLQJ UHFHLYHG $FFRUGLQJ WR WKH DFWXDO QHHGV RI WKH QHWZRUN
H[SHULPHQW RU WKH UHPRWH FRPPXQLFDWLRQ QHWZRUNLQJ UHPRWH H[SHULPHQW WHDFKHU PDQDJHPHQW SODWIRUP WKH
H[SHULPHQW LV FRQGXFWHG WKH FDELQHW LV WDNHQ DV WKH XQLW $631(7 WHFKQRORJ\ DQG 62&.(7 QHWZRUN SURJUDPPLQJ
7KHUHIRUH ZKHQ GLIIHUHQW XVHUV UHVHUYH WR GLIIHUHQW FDELQHWV WHFKQRORJ\ GHVLJQ DQG LPSOHPHQWDWLRQ RI RQOLQH QRWLFH
DQG FRQGXFW WKH VDPH 1HWZRUNLQJ /DERUDWRU\ LQ WKH VDPH SXEOLVKLQJ VXEV\VWHP 7KH PDLQ IXQFWLRQV RI WKH VXEV\VWHP
WLPH SHULRG XVHUV FDQ FRRSHUDWH ZLWK HDFK RWKHU WR FRPSOHWH LQFOXGH RQOLQH VWDWLVWLFV RI WKH QXPEHU RI SHRSOH RQOLQH
WKH VDPH QHWZRUNLQJ H[SHULPHQW DV VKRZQ LQ WKH ILJXUH UHOHDVH RI DQQRXQFHPHQWV DQG DXWRPDWLF VFUROOLQJ RI
EHORZ ZKLFK LV WKH IXQFWLRQDO IORZ FKDUW RI WKH PXOWL SHUVRQ LQIRUPDWLRQ 7KH VXEV\VWHP LV FRPELQHG ZLWK WKH HTXLSPHQW
FRRSHUDWLRQ
S PHFKDQLVP IDXOW GHWHFWLRQ VXEV\VWHP WR UHDOL]H WKDW RQFH WKH
H[SHULPHQWDO HTXLSPHQW IDLOV LW FDQ WLPHO\ LVVXH DQ
DQQRXQFHPHQW WR LQIRUP WKH XVHU WKDW WKH HTXLSPHQW FDQQRW
UXQ QRUPDOO\
LQW PDLQ
^
,QLWLDOL]H ZLQVRFN VHUYLFH
:6$'$7$ ZVD'DWD
:6$6WDUWXS 0$.(:25'   ZVD'DWD 
&UHDWH VRFNHW
62&.(7 VRFN VRFNHW $)B,1(7
62&.B675($0 ,335272B7&3 
)LJXUH  )XQFWLRQ IORZ RI PXOWL SHUVRQ FRRSHUDWLRQ PHFKDQLVP VWUXFW VRFNDGGUBLQ VYUDGGU
VYUDGGUVLQBIDPLO\ $)B,1(7
8VHUV ORJ LQWR WKH UHPRWH QHWZRUN H[SHULPHQW VYUDGGUVLQBSRUW KWRQV 3257 
PDQDJHPHQW SODWIRUP DQG HQWHU WKH PXOWL SHUVRQ VYUDGGUVLQBDGGUVBDGGU KWRQO ,1$''5B$1< 
FRRSHUDWLRQ H[SHULPHQW SDJH ,Q WKH SDJH \RX FDQ VHH WKH %LQG VRFNHW
QXPEHU RI FROODERUDWRUV DQG WKH VSHFLILF OLVW RI RQOLQH ELQG VRFN VWUXFW VRFNDGGU VYUDGGU
FROODERUDWLRQ $FFRUGLQJ WR WKH XQLTXH LGHQWLILFDWLRQ RI WKH VL]HRI VYUDGGU 
H[SHULPHQW FRQWHQW WKH XVHU ILQGV WKH XVHU ZKR KDV WKH VDPH /LVWHQ VRFNHW
QHWZRUNLQJ H[SHULPHQW ZLWK KLPVHOI DQG UHTXHVWV OLVWHQ VRFN  
FRRSHUDWLRQ ,I WKH RWKHU SDUW\ DJUHHV WKH JURXS ZLOO LI UHFY FOLHQW EXI   !
QHJRWLDWH DQG GLYLGH WKH QHWZRUN HTXLSPHQW FRQILJXUDWLRQ ^
WDVNV 7KHUHIRUH WKH PHPEHUV RI WKH JURXS ZLOO LQSXW WKH SULQWI UHFY FOLHQW V?U?Q EXI 
FRQILJXUDWLRQ FRGH DFFRUGLQJ WR WKHLU UHVSHFWLYH GXWLHV DQG 6HQG GDWD WR FOLHQW
QDPH WKH DOORFDWHG FRGH ILOH DQG XSORDG LW WR WKH GDWDEDVH VHQG FOLHQW KHOOR FOLHQW VWUOHQ KHOOR FOLHQW   
 )DXOW GHWHFWLRQ VXEV\VWHP `
6WXGHQWV FRQQHFW WR WKH 66/931 ILUHZDOO LQ WKH FORVHVRFNHW FOLHQW 
ODERUDWRU\ WKURXJK WKH ,QWHUQHW IRU DXWKRULW\ DXWKHQWLFDWLRQ `
DQG WKHQ ORJ LQ WR WKH QHWZRUN UHPRWH H[SHULPHQWDO SODWIRUP &ORVH VRFNHW
FOLFN VWDUW GHWHFWLRQ LQ WKH SODWIRUP DQG WULJJHU WKH EXWWRQ LQ FORVHVRFNHW VRFN 
WKH EDFNJURXQGB 7KH FOLFN HYHQW WHVWV WKH FRQQHFWLYLW\ RI &ORVH ZLQVRFN VHUYLFH
QHWZRUN KDUGZDUH $IWHU WKH WHVW LI WKH SURPSW PHVVDJH RI :6$&OHDQXS 
VXFFHVVIXO FRQQHFWLRQ DSSHDUV LW PHDQV WKDW WKH XVHU FDQ ORJ UHWXUQ 
LQ WR WKH H[SHULPHQWDO GHYLFH UHPRWHO\ DQG FDQ FRQILJXUH `
WKH GHYLFH DQG FRPSOHWH WKH H[SHULPHQW ,I WKH UHTXHVW WLPH
RXW LV FDXVHG E\ WKH GHYLFH SRUW LV ORRVH RU WKH GHYLFH LV QRW ,9 6<67(0 ,03/(0(17$7,21 $1' 7(676
WXUQHG RQ WKH WDUJHW KRVW LV QRW UHDFKDEOH GXH WR QHWZRUN 7R HQVXUH WKH TXDOLW\ RI WKH VRIWZDUH LW LV YHU\ LPSRUWDQW
FDEOH IDLOXUH DQG WKH XQNQRZQ KRVW FDXVHG E\ GRPDLQ QDPH WR GHEXJ WKH VRIWZDUH FRPSUHKHQVLYHO\ ZKLFK LQFOXGHV XVHU
VHUYHU RU FRPPXQLFDWLRQ OLQH IDLOXUH WKH V\VWHP ZLOO SURPSW PDQDJHPHQW PRGXOH LQIRUPDWLRQ PDQDJHPHQW PRGXOH
WKH FRUUHVSRQGLQJ IDXOW LQIRUPDWLRQ RI WKH GHYLFH RQOLQH $W

563

Authorized licensed use limited to: Linkoping University Library. Downloaded on June 20,2021 at 00:34:00 UTC from IEEE Xplore. Restrictions apply.
WKHRUHWLFDO OHDUQLQJ PRGXOH DQG YLUWXDO H[SHULPHQW SURMHFW
7KH WHVWLQJ ZRUN LV WHVWHG LQ WKH GHEXJ PRGH RI YLVXDO VWXGLR
7KH WHVWLQJ RI ORJLQ V\VWHP PDLQO\ LQFOXGHV YHULI\LQJ
)LJXUH  /RJLQ LQWHUIDFH RI UHPRWH H[SHULPHQW WHDFKLQJ V\VWHP
%HIRUH WKH H[SHULPHQW DIWHU WKH VWXGHQWV FKHFN WKH
FRQQHFWLYLW\ RI WKH QHWZRUN HTXLSPHQW LQ WKH ODERUDWRU\
ZKHQ WKH V\VWHP SURPSWV VXFFHVVIXO FRQQHFWLRQ LW LQGLFDWHV
WKDW WKH FXUUHQW HTXLSPHQW LV LQ WKH FRQQHFWHG VWDWH DV
VKRZQ LQ ILJXUH  VWXGHQWV FDQ UHPRWHO\ FRQQHFW WR WKH
H[SHULPHQWDO HTXLSPHQW IRU WKH H[SHULPHQW :KHQ WKH
HTXLSPHQW IDXOW LV GHWHFWHG WKH V\VWHP ZLOO GLVSOD\ WKH
VSHFLILF IDXOW LQIRUPDWLRQ RQ WKH SDJH WR LQIRUP VWXGHQWV WKDW
WKH HTXLSPHQW LV IDXOW\ DQG FDQQRW SHUIRUP QRUPDO
H[SHULPHQWV :KHQ WKH IDLOXUH RI H[SHULPHQWDO HTXLSPHQW LV
GHWHFWHG E\ WKH HTXLSPHQW IDXOW GHWHFWLRQ IXQFWLRQ WKH
VWXGHQWV GR QRW NQRZ WKH KDUGZDUH DUFKLWHFWXUH RI WKH
ODERUDWRU\ DQG WKH VSHFLILF IDLOXUH RI WKH HTXLSPHQW DQG GR
QRW NQRZ KRZ WR GHDO ZLWK VXFK HPHUJHQFLHV DQG ILQDOO\
JLYH XS WKH QHWZRUN H[SHULPHQW 7KHUHIRUH LW LV QHFHVVDU\ WR
DQQRXQFH WKH RQOLQH UHOHDVH IXQFWLRQ VR WKDW ZKHQ WKH
IDLOXUH RFFXUV WKH DGPLQLVWUDWRU FDQ WLPHO\ LQIRUP WKH
VWXGHQWV RI WKH FXUUHQW HTXLSPHQW IDLOXUH 1HHG WR FDUU\ RXW
WURXEOHVKRRWLQJ SOHDVH ZDLW SDWLHQWO\ VR DV WR DYRLG JLYLQJ
XS WKH H[SHULPHQW
)LJXUH  6WDWLVWLFV RI H[SHULPHQWDO HTXLSPHQW
564
Authorized licensed use limited to: Linkoping University Library. Downloaded on June 20,2021 at 00:34:00 UTC from IEEE Xplore. Restrictions apply.
ZKHWKHU WKH OHJDO LQIRUPDWLRQ LV LQSXW DOORZLQJ OHJDO ORJLQ
DQG SUHYHQWLQJ LOOHJDO ORJLQ $IWHU QRUPDO ORJLQ WKH PDLQ
LQWHUIDFH RI WKH V\VWHP LV GLVSOD\HG DV IROORZLQJ ILJXUH
9 &21&/86,216
%HFDXVH RI WKH FRPSOH[LW\ RI GLVWULEXWHG FRPSXWLQJ
HQYLURQPHQW DQG WKH GLIILFXOW\ RI EXLOGLQJ VLPXODWLRQ PRGHO
LW LV GLIILFXOW WR UHDOL]H WKH UHPRWH YLUWXDO H[SHULPHQW V\VWHP
EDVHG RQ :HE ,Q YLHZ RI WKLV VLWXDWLRQ WKLV SDSHU GHVLJQV
WKH KLHUDUFKLFDO DUFKLWHFWXUH RI WKH UHPRWH YLUWXDO H[SHULPHQW
V\VWHP DQG GLVFXVVHV WKH LPSOHPHQWDWLRQ VWUDWHJ\ RI WKH
UHPRWH YLUWXDO H[SHULPHQW V\VWHP DV ZHOO DV WKH LQWHJUDWLRQ
RI WKH UHPRWH YLUWXDO H[SHULPHQW V\VWHP DQG WKH H[LVWLQJ
GLVWDQFH HGXFDWLRQ DSSOLFDWLRQ V\VWHP $W WKH VDPH WLPH WKH
LPSOHPHQWDWLRQ IUDPHZRUN RI ZHE EDVHG UHPRWH YLUWXDO
H[SHULPHQW V\VWHP ZLWK JRRG VFDODELOLW\ DQG VFDODELOLW\ LV
HVWDEOLVKHG :H KDYH UHDOL]HG WKH SURWRW\SH V\VWHP RI
UHPRWH YLUWXDO H[SHULPHQW V\VWHP EDVHG RQ 1HW DQG VRPH
VXEV\VWHPV RI FRXUVH H[SHULPHQW DQG DSSOLHG WKHP 7KH
IXWXUH ZRUN LV WR IXUWKHU LPSURYH WKH V\VWHP IURP WKH
DVSHFWV RI XVHU LQWHUIDFH UHDOLW\ KXPDQFRPSXWHU LQWHUDFWLRQ
LQWHOOLJHQFH VFLHQWLILF VLPXODWLRQ PRGHOLQJ H[SHULPHQWDO
SURMHFW UDWLRQDOLW\ DQG VR RQ
5()(5(1&(6
>@ ;L : - 3HQJ < 0 <DQJ < < HW DO 5HVHDUFK RI ([SHULPHQW
7HDFKLQJ &RQWHQWV 5HFRQVWUXFWLRQ RI 5HPRWH 6HQVLQJ 7HFKQRORJ\
&RXUVH $GYDQFHG 0DWHULDOV 5HVHDUFK  
>@ ;LQSHQJ 6KL -XQ 6KHQ /LDQJ :DQJ 5HVHDUFK DQG ,WV
,PSOHPHQWDWLRQ RI D 5HPRWH 7HDFKLQJ $SSOLFDWLRQ 6\VWHP 0RGHO
%DVHG RQ 6HOI2UJDQL]DWLRQ &RPSRQHQWV (GXFDWLRQ 7HFKQRORJ\
&RPSXWHU 6FLHQFH    
>@ /LX /LOLDQ 'HYHORSPHQW DQG $SSOLFDWLRQ RI $XGLRWULJJHUHG
&RXUVHZDUH LQ 5HPRWH 0XVLF 7HDFKLQJ ,QWHUQDWLRQDO -RXUQDO RI
(PHUJLQJ 7HFKQRORJLHV LQ /HDUQLQJ    
>@ 5REHUW ' 6KDQH 6 )HUGLD % 7HDFKLQJ 1HXUR,PDJHV '\NH
'DYLGRII0DVVRQ V\QGURPH 1HXURORJ\