CHAPTER ONE

1.1. BACKGROUND OF THE STUDY

Change in technology and the demand for instant message transmission

has constantly changed the pattern or mode of mass communication.

Modern communication technology has developed and is expanding

daily, while the old ones become observes. New skills are acquired as

old ones are been discharged.

There is no activity that has no economic implication including that of

mass media. Media is a sin-qua non for economic development and a

special agent for the fight against poverty. Economic development

comes wealth creation. As marshal Mc Luhan said “all forms of wealth

result from the movement of information” Quail, 1994).

The word “Mass” therefore means collection and media refers to organs

or vehicles of communication, including the press, radio, television, film,

exhibition, visual aid, printed materials, sponsored book and spoken

word, information is the primary input and of course, the output of any

mass media. Information has two different faces, two dimensions, and

requires two different “bonds”, the thought question with respect to

information activities is which of faces, dimension and bonds belongs

1
together and which should be kept apart. We cannot provide any clear

answer where since there are many ways to organize information work

(Umaru, 2003).

The concept of mass being collective in paradigm is not limited to the

media but more importantly to the coverage by the media without mass

coverage, infect, a single media can achieve mass communication if it is

in effective in reaching large number of people by which it makes great

impact on their life such that the society prosper. To this, an inefficient

mass media cannot raise it’s shoulder high when it has a negligible

audience. No wonder that Frank Jekins defined mass media as

“appealing to majority of people as distinct from more selective media”

mass media. Therefore has the responsibility informing, educating

entertaining, mass media concerns to ask the question. “Who depends

on me for what information? And “on whom in turn, do i depend (Adidi,

1987).

The mass media therefore have a duty to proffer meaningful

suggestions that will lead to development in all aspects of human

endeavour. The mass media is used to satisfy ourselves. It is a

reciprocal gesture, two way affairs. The media is useful to the nation

and the nation is also useful to the media. The high importance attached

2
to the mass media activities seems finally to support h view that mass

media use has become an indispensable part of daily life in Nigeria that

is why this study is being undertaken to examine how mass media can

act as an instrument for the fight against poverty.

1.2. STATEMENT OF THE PROBLEM

It is an incontestable fact that, no researcher has embarked on any

research work without identifying problem. It is however sad to not, that

despite the significant roles played by the mass media in the society,

many people are obvious of it. However the mass media is challenged

with how to report correct information the logistics such as mobility,

electronic devices for proper coverage and documentation, transmission

of such information on the audience and their responses and how such

affect the larger society (Umaru, 2003).

The mass media plays a significant role in sending and receiving of

information which sometimes is affected by failure of power supply

which most at times is inadequate in Nigeria. Besides that most of the

gadgets the media sector works with are absolve and ineffective in the

modern society. Also the mass media is also faced with the problem of

how to fight and reduce poverty as the sector requires skilful and well

trained personnel to carry on with the job (Aluko, 1995).

3
The mass media is challenged with how to report poverty and the image

of government which is food for thought to many journalists.

1.3. SIGNIFICANCE OF THE STUDY

The study serves as a secondary source of data where all those who

intends to write a similar subject matter can easily tap knowledge from.

Also, the research work will be beneficial to future searchers public

writers opinion leaders policy makers, government and the general

public as the ease may be especially in the world of communication

technology.

The study also unveils the uses of mass media and this reveals the

importance of mass media in eradicating poverty in Nigeria and how the

mass media is a powerful instrument of communication especially in

creating awareness in the society

1.4. RESEARCH QUESTION

1. To what extent are the media important in the fight against

poverty in Nigeria?

2. To what extent are the media effective in the fight against

poverty in Nigeria currently?

4
 3. To what extent are the mass media free in reporting poverty

index in Nigeria.

4. To what extent the mass media have created employment

opportunities to the teeming population in Nigeria.

1.5 LIMITATIONS OF THE STUDY

In the course of carrying our this research, a lot of problems confronted

the researcher, one of which was financial problems, which made the

rescuer to be going up and down looking for assistance from friends and

relatives especially at this winter season. The researcher was also

confronted with the problem of inadequate literature on the subject

matter as a result of poor library facilities. Other problems encountered

were inadequate time, bureaucratic bottleneck in public institutions,

insecurity, and the political image of government.

Finally unwillingness on the part of the interviewers to give out useful

information also limited the study. But despite the above limitations, the

researcher was able to carry out a successful and reliable study.

1.6 OBJECTIVES OF THE STUDY

The specific objectives of this research are as follows:

5
  To determine the role of the media in mass mobilization of the

public.

 To determine the impact of mass media in economic development

in Nigeria.

 To determine the effort of mass media in reporting correct and

true information in the society.

 To determine the role of the mass media in poverty reduction in

the country.

 To determine how fee is the mass media in reporting information

1.7 DEFINITION OF TERMS

Some terms are hereby defined for better understanding of the subject

matter, this include:

Mass: This could be defined as a large number of people in a

particular area, often in a confused way

Poverty: Is defined as a state of being poor.

Appraisal:A judgement of a value, performance or nature of something

or function performed by something.

6
Media: The main way that, large numbers of people receive

information and entertainment, i.e through television, radio

and the newspapers.

Alleviation: To make less severe that is to alleviate suffering, a

number of measures were taken to alleviate the problem.

1.8 RESEARCH HYPOTHESIS

The hypothesis of this research are:

H0 Mass media does not play any significant role in poverty reduction

in Nigeria.

H1 Mass media plays significant role in poverty reduction in Nigeria

1.9 SCOPE OF THE STUDY

The scope of the study is restricted to how the mass media plays

strategic role in poverty reduction in the country. The also how the

subsector can be improved for it to continue to sustain its efforts in the

crusade of fighting poverty in Nigeria in the midst of challenges.

7
 REFERENCES

Defluer, M.L. and Everette, E.D. (1986). London Understanding Mass

Communication. Boston: Houghton Mifflin Publishers.

Lawal, B.N (2000). Economic role of mass media in National

Development Kano Books International.

Aluko, S.A (1975). “Poverty its remedies” poverty in Nigeria proceedings

of the 1975 annual conference of the Nigerian Economic society

Ibadan.

Hiebert, (1993). Mass media and International Communication Chicago.

8
 CHAPTER TWO

2.0 INTRODUCTION

This chapter deals with the review of relevant literature to the topic An

appraisal of Mass media and the fight against poverty in Nigeria. Here

the mass media are often seen as an instrument for socio-economic

cohesion, a promoter of developmental, political and economics, and

avoid crusader for the people’s enhanced standard of living (Umaru, Zk

2003, view finder newspaper P.6). There is no doubt that through the

activities of the Mass media such as informing, educating and

entertaining, the country will definitely realize it set objectives of

alleviating poverty in the country which has become part and parcel of

the common man’s life in Nigeria.

2.1 MASS MEDIA AND POVERTY ERADICATION DEFINITION

Me Quail (1994:17) defines mass media as organized means for

communicating openly and at a distance to many receivers within shot

space of time. He was quick to point out that the idea of communicating

to public over time and at a distance is much older than are the mass

media now in use. He cited the effort of the church in transition to large

number of people in the middle ages and the bitter propaganda

9
struggles of the reformation and Counter Reformation during the 16 th

century as good evidence.

Marshal Mc Luhan and his mentor Harold Adams Innis treat the mass

media as the essence of civilization and both see the course of history as

a manifestation of the predominant media of the age.

Adidi Uyo (1987) observes that it is not the instrument itself but the way

it is used that differentiates a mass medium from a limited medium. The

re-channel instrument must not only offer the possibility of

communication via a mechanical device making for impersonal

relationship between the communicator and his audience, but it must

also actually be use to communicate from a single source of a large

number of persons. Just home movies are not a mass medium.

Bassy Daniel (1987) observes that mass media are used to entertain the

audience through the music, dances, talk show etc. They make use

happy whether it is good or bad.

Poverty is a plague afflicting most people in the world. It is considered

one of the symptoms or manifestation of underdevelopment. Poverty is

a vicious circle, which keeps the poor in a state of destitutions and

untold full hardship. Poverty affects many aspects of human conditions;

10
hence there has been no universal consensus on the definition (Quail,

1994).

The concept of poverty which reflects it numerous visible attributes is

multidimensional in nature. The conventional nation depicts poverty as a

condition in which people are below specified minimum income level of

consumption (Aluko, 1995) some of the features are illiterates with short

life span (World Bank 1995) views poverty from state people cannot

satisfy their basic health needs, (Sancho 1996) a compromise definition

depicts poverty as a state where an individual is not able to cater

adequately for his/her basic needs of food, clothing and shelter, or he is

unable to meet social and economic obligation lack gainful employment

skills, Assets, and self-esteem and has limited access to social and

economic infrastructure consequently, has limited chance of advancing

his/her welfare to the limit of his/her capabilities.

Similarly, Johnson (1974) defined poverty as “a situation when the

resources of individual or families are inadequate to provide a socially

acceptable standard of living”. In the other words; the individual lives

below the conventional poverty like demarcating the poor from the

known poor.

11
German government in 1992, described poor people as “Those who are

unable to live a decent life” while defining poverty as “Not having

enough to eat. A high rate of infant mortality, a low life expectancy, low

educational opportunities, poor water, inadequate health care, unfit

housing and a lack of active participation in the decision making

processes. (Federal Ministry of Education Co-operation and Development

1992:13).

Aboyade (1987) held view that there seems to be a general agreement

that poverty is a difficulty concept to handle and that it is more easily

recognized than defined. Thus, even though it is difficult to be specific

about the minimum level of well being for the state of poverty. The poor

in any given society usually stands out sufficiently in terms of severe

material deprivations for their wretched condition to be immediately

recognized.

2.2 THEORETICAL FRAME WORK

A single media can achieve mass communication, if it is effective in

reaching large number of people by which it makes great impact on by

their life such that the society prospers. The social responsibility theory

can be described as a child of the industrial revolution. The industrial

revolution and the emerging multimedia society provided the enabling

12
environment for the development of theory that is base on assumption,

that, while the mass media should none the responsible.

The social responsibility theory owes its origin to the Hutch commission

on the freedom of the press (1947) the commission was set up in the

united state of America to examine the concept of free press as

understood within the libertarian or free press theory. The theory

propagates the right of the press to criticize any institutions and even

government but it must responsible enough to maintain the stability of

the society (Johnson,1974).

The main theme of the message therefore is “in public interest” it holds

the position that one has the right to point. But he not have the right to

libel. Freedom of the press is to be guarded as a vital right of human. It

is the unquestionable right to discuss what the law does not explicitly

(Adidi, 1987)

The watchwords are liberty and restraint. The media should accept and

fulfil certain obligations to the society. The obligations are mainly to be

met by setting high professional standard of informativenss, truth,

accuracy, objective, and balance in accepting and applying these

obligations. Media should be self regulating within the frame work of

laws of the land. The media must avoid whatever could lead to crime

13
violence or civil disorder or give offence to minority groups that the

media should be pluralistic and reflect the diversity of the society, giving

access to various points of view and to right of reply. Journalists and

media professionals should be accountable to the society as a whole

(Alukd, 1995).

The social responsibility theory applies to the broadcast media in any

society. They are usually constrained to maintain neutrality and avoid

sensationalism because majority of them are government own. Further

support to this theory is the America communication Act of 1934 which

holds that the practice of the press must be “in the public interest”

(Quail, 1994).

In summary, therefore the social responsibility theory holds that

everyone who has something to say shall be heard. While the control of

the press would be though community opinions. Consumers action and

professional ethics.

2.3 FUNCTIONS OF MASS MEDIA

Usually the functions of mass media touches the survival and continue

economic development and socials happenings of the country for this

reason. It is quite glaring that the mass media have played crucial roles

14
in alleviating poverty by mobilizing people on the need to participate and

support the programme which is believe can result into the national

economic development.

Bassey Daniel (1987) observed that mass media are used to educate the

audience. Education is of three genre, formal, informal and non-formal.

Formal is the process of gaining education through the classroom. The

informal method does not necessarily required one to come to class as

there are some programmes carried out on Radio station. All these are

some of the ways, through mass media educate the masses or rather

audience. The mass media the watchdog of the society. They keep

surveillance of the environment. They watch around the society and

keep us informed on the happenings in the society.

The mass media mobilize people for a particular programme for

instance, if an election is going to be held, the mass media persuade

you to go and vote because it is your civil right, parties use the mass

media to mobilize the populace. Government also use the mass media to

mobilize support for a programme or project.

The mass media also use to convince people in order for them to reach

a consensus with you, mass media serve as a source of enlightenment

by creating awareness about things that are in existence and perception

15
thereby permitting active involvement in public life an individual is a

member of social set up and must share opinion with others of his

societies one good way of doing this is through mass media. The mass

media sometimes evolves patterns of agenda setting with what they are

suitable for the society through to think along these lines.

Girgis salama (1984/16) observes that mass media are agents of

development , the task of communication is seen as helping each man

to increase his sense of dignity as a human being, to preserve his

spiritual values, as well as to assist him in achieving greater economic

development.

Lasswell (1948) identifies three functions of mass media communication.

This are surveillance of the environment (policing and alerting of a

community to dangers and opportunities in the environment).

Correlation of parts of society in responding to the environment and

transmission of social heritage from generation to the next.

2.4 CAUSES AND DISADVANTAGES OF POVERTY

Poverty is a plague effecting most people in Nigeria, it is considered one

of the symptoms or manifestation of underdevelopment. Poverty is a

16
vicious circle, which keeps the poor in a state of destitutions and

untoldful hardship poverty affects many human condition.

Therefore the cause of poverty could be structural, economic, social

cultural and political deprivation, the structural dimension appear more

permanent and manifest vicious circle reflecting limited productive

resource, lack of skills for gainful employment, vocational disadvantage

and in adequate income to obtain the basic necessities for life. The rate

at which poverty is souring, beats the imagination of the common man.

In fact, it is obvious that unemployment is the major cause of poverty

which lead to high rate of crimes and violence in the society (Salama,

1984).

There are abject poverty and its associate poor living conditions. The

youths are dying in numbers because of poor health and diseases. There

is law entrance into the school, as many parent don’t have money to

cater for their children’s education any longer for the fact that those

trained have no jobs. As a disadvantage, the rate of crimes waves and

other vices in the society are so high that all effort by the police or

armed forces will be in effective, poverty can also arise as result of job

deprivation which lead to higher and increase in physical mental illness

17
lower self esteem, less satisfaction, recourses to alcohol and drug abuse,

frustration, despair and stress in the society (Quail, 1994).

Poverty has a causative agents, which militate against its eradication.

Therefore, the major causes of poverty vary: lack of education, war,

natural disasters, political corruption mental illness, and disability are

among the common causes.

2.5 PAST GOVERNMENT EFFORTS IN ERADICATING POVERTY

Poverty is one of the most serious problem in Nigeria today. Despite the

various efforts of Government from independence to date, poverty

among the people of Nigeria has been on the increase. The poverty level

in Nigeria contradicts the countries immense wealth, consisting of

human agriculture, petroleum and gas, and solid minerals with all these

resources available at the countries disposal, the country ought to have

done better than where we are therefore, His Excellency chief Olusegun

Obasanjo when he assumed office in 2002 as a president of Nigeria was

quick to observe the multiplicity of poverty reduction institutions in the

country. Using NAPEP to co-ordinate and monitor the implementation of

poverty related contents of the concern ministry and to ensure that their

activities are centrally planned and co-ordinated in order to complement

one another with the view to maximize impact and effective use of

18
resources. The poverty eradication effort of the federal Government

were characterized by deficient co-ordination of the intra and inter

institutional activities of the various arms of government. Duplication of

function unhealthy and counterproductive rivalries haphazard implement

of poverty conceive project waste of public funds, human and material

resources among other (Umaru, 2003).

This state of affairs informed the need to establish NAPEP as a central

co-ordinating, monitoring and interceptive body for all reduction effort of

the government. NAPEP is also specifically mandated to intervene in

critical areas where government desires accelerated results to

complement all other related effort extended through the statutory

structures. These also include areas that have long been neglected.

19
 REFERENCES

Dennis Mcqunil, (1984). Toward a sociology of mass communication:

London collier MC. Millan publisher,

John Bitner, (1989). Mass communication: An introduction New Jersey:

prentice Hall Inc. New York:

Anyanwu, J.C, (1997). Poverty in Nigeria concepts measurement and

Determinants selected Papers for the 1997 annual conference on

poverty alleviation in Nigeria Economic society.

Abdullahi A, (2001). Understanding NAPEP Abuja.

20
 CHAPTER THREE

3.0 INTRODUCTION

This chapter basically concerns itself with the method the researcher

adopted in eliciting data for this study. The researcher, however, in

order to carry out the study more effectively covered the following in

this chapter, researcher design, population and study area covered,

sampling procedure, method of data collection, method of data

presentation and analysis employed.

3.1 RESEARCH DESIGN

The researcher adopted the survey design in carrying out this exercise.

The survey means viewing interpreting things vigorously and

comprehensively started with this connotation it has under gone such a

revolution. Recent survey method is not a way for collecting data but

also analyzing the result statistically, systematically. The survey has a

particular method of data collection.

3.2 POPULATION OF THE STUDY

Sampling is the representative fraction of a total working population for

a study or observation and it is picked out from a total population in

21
order to enhance research work coverage by representing a total

population for a study with a small number of fractional parts.

The researcher chooses to use the simple random sampling because the

techniques assures each element an equal and independent chance of

been included in subsequent sample.

And equal chance means that, each element, that is people in the area

has the sample probability of being included.

3.3 SAMPLING TECHNIQUE/ PROCEDURE

Since the population of this study was too large for effective coverage.

The researcher decided to use or employ non probability sampling

technique in the area of purposive or judgmental sampling. Sampling as

concept according to Usuala (2005: 114) means taking any portion of a

population or universe as representative of that population mainly Lafia

people comprising students civil servants, and business men were

sampled. All in all, the researcher sampled 100 respondents by

approaching them and handing over the questionnaire to them after

introduction.

22
3.4 METHOD OF DATA COLLECTION

The instrument applied in this study was both primary and secondary

sources of data to execute this research work. The primary source of

data for the research involved the administering of questionnaire to rural

dwellers in Jos-North Local Government Area. The responses from the

questionnaire serve as the primary source of data.

The secondary source of data collected, came largely from extract of

already published materials such as Text Books, Magazines, Journals,

Seminars/ Symposia Papers etc. this secondary source constitute the

library materials.

3.5 METHOD OF DATA PRESENTATION/ ANALYSIS

A simple statistical method of analysis is employed in order to make a

critical and simple analysis. The techniques of analysis used include

tabular representations of data and simple statistical calculation of mean

averages, percentage of response etc. for a quick critical glance and

analysis. This is intended to supply all the information essential for the

accomplishment of the research.

Responses from the administered questionnaires serve as points of

reference used as tools for simple arithmetical and tabular computations

23
to aid the procedure of analysis. Result/ responses are critically

examined and presented for appropriate discussion during the data

analysis.

24
 REFERENCES

Wimmer, R.S. Dominick, J (1987) mass media research; An introduction

Belmont Califonia Wadsworth Publishing Company.

Osuala. E. S (1990) Introduction to Research Methodology Africa

Publishing co-limited Enugu pg.16.

French, C.S (1990) Data processing and information Technology Britain

Aldine Place Pg.

25
 CHAPTER FOUR

DATA PRESENTATION AND ANALYSIS

4.0 INTRODUCTION

This chapter deals with, analysis and interpretations of data collected

from the respondents. Below is the presentation and analysis which is

done in tabular form.

4.1 DATA PRESENTATION

In this section, data presentation is into different parts based on sample

result collected from target audience.

PART 1

Table 1: Sex

Respondent Scores Percentage (%)

Male 60 60

Female 40 40

Total 100 100

In the above table, It can be seen that 60 respondents representing

60% are male while 40 respondents representing 40% are female.

26
Table 2: Age

Respondent Scores Percentage (%)

18-23 50 50

24-29 20 20

30-35 & above 30 30

Total 100 100

From the above table, indicates that 50 respondents representing 50%

fell between the age of 18-23, and those between the ages of 24-29 are

20 representing 20% while, those between the ages of 30-35 and above

are 30 representing 30%.

Table 3: Occupation

Occupation Scores Percentage (%)

Civil servants 30 30

Business men 25 25

Students 45 45

Total 100 100

In the table above, 30 respondents representing 30% are Civil Servants

while 25 respondents representing 25% are business men and 45

representing 45% respondents are students.

PART 2

27
Table 4: Do you listen or read media messages on youth

unemployment for poverty alleviation

Respondent Scores Percentage (%)

Yes 60 60

No 40 40

Total 100 100

From the above table, 60 respondents representing 60% said, they

listen and read media messages and programmes on poverty eradication

while 40 respondents representing 40% do not.

Table 5: How frequent do you read or listen to media

programmes?

Respondent Scores Percentage (%)

Daily 0 0

Weekly 60 60

Monthly 30 30

Not frequent 20 20

Total 100 100

The above table indicate that, 60 respondents representing 60% shows

that they read or listen to media programmes weekly, while 30

respondents representing 30% get in touch with the media monthly,

28
however, 20 respondents representing 20% do not listen or read media

programmes frequently.

Table 6: Do you benefit from the media programme on poverty

Respondent Scores Percentage (%)

Yes 75 75

No 25 25

Total 100 100

In the above table, 75 respondents representing 75% said they benefit

from the media programme on poverty while 25 respondent

representing 25% said they do not.

29
Table 7: If Yes, what sort of benefit do you drive from the

media programmes?

Respondent Scores Percentage (%)

Education 20 20

Information 40 40

Entertainment 10 10

Both A and B 10 10

All of the above 20 20

Total 100 100

In the table above, infact 20 respondents representing 20% claimed that

they benefit, they derive from the media programme of Poverty

Alleviation are educative, 40 of them representing 40% believed that is

informative, and another 10 said it is entertaining another 10 said the

programme is both educative and informative. However, 20 respondents

representing 20% stated that the programme is both educative,

entertaining and informative respectively.

30
Table 8: Have you noticed any change in the rate of poverty

since the inception of Yaradua’s administration?

Respondent Scores Percentage (%)

Yes 80 80

No 20 20

Total 100 100

The above table shows that there has been a great change in the rate of

poverty since 2007-2009 because, out of 100 respondents, 80

respondents representing 80% said they have noticed changes in the

rate of poverty while 20 said they do not.

Table 9: Can Nigeria Economic prosperity be achieved through

the use of Mass Media?

Respondent Scores Percentage (%)

Yes 75 75

No 25 25

Total 100 100

In this table, it shows that Nigeria Economic Prosperity can be achieved

through the use of Mass Media because 75 respondents representing

75% agreed that the economic prosperity can be achieved through the

use of Mass Media. While 25 respondents representing 25% said the

Nigerian Economic cannot be achieved through the use of Mass Media.

31
Table 10: what is your assessment of the media on the fight

against Poverty in Nigeria?

Respondent Scores Percentage (%)

Interesting 65 65

Relevant 35 35

Irrelevant 0 0

Total 100 100

This table shows that, 65 respondents representing 65% said that the

programme is interesting while 35 respondents representing 35%

consider it relevant while non looks at it as irrelevant.

4.3 RESEARCH FINDINGS AND DISCUSSION

In this research, data was collected from different respondents with

different backgrounds, it was discovered that even through the media

have been very supportive to ensuring that government policies towards

poverty radiation in Nigeria are successfully, poverty still remains a

problem in the country table 6,8,9 and 10.

32
 CHAPTER FIVE

SUMMARY, CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATION

5.0 INTRODUCTION

This is the final stage of the research work which deals with summary,

recommendation and conclusion on the subject matter.

5.1 SUMMARY

This study was carried out to access the contribution of the media

towards the eradication of poverty in our society. This findings revealed

that the media’s role in the fight against poverty is rather indirect. The

media do not, and cannot directly eradicate poverty through their

numerous activities which are informatively, educationally and

entertainment. The media by performing these function indirectly

mobilized the people in support of government policies towards

eradicating poverty. The media report to government about the

suffering of people in the country.

Unemployment is always been reported by the media. The shortage of

food and the living standard of people are always reported. Poverty,

however still remains a disturbing situation in Nigeria.

33
5.2 CONCLUSION

The Mass Media are never tired of ensuring that poverty is eradicated in

Nigeria through their various activities.

The media enables government to know about the suffering of the

people and introduce policies that would help in this direction.

The media had helped in mobilizing for the successful launching of such

programme like National Poverty Eradication programme (NAPEP)

operation feed the Nation (OFN) among others. This implied that in the

fight against poverty in the country, the media must be employed.

5.3 RECOMMENDATION

Based on the findings of this study, the following recommendations are

hereby made:

1. The mass media should be used to adequately inform the society

economically, that is, to effectively interpret economic issues to

the understanding of the society.

2. The media should encourage Nigerians especially the youth to take

to farming. This will go a long way in reducing poverty and

unemployment.

34
3. The mass media should continually against all oaths report poverty

eradication programmes of government so that the society should

know the effort of government as regards poverty menace.

4. The mass media campaign against poverty eradication awareness

should create a plat form for image protection and the monster

poverty.

5. Freedom of information should be total so that the mass media to

operate optimally.

35