THERMAL EXPANSION PRACTICE PROBLEMS

Thermal Expansion: A copper sphere has a diameter of 2.000 cm and is at

room temperature (20°C). An aluminum plate has a circular cut-out with a
diameter of 1.995 cm (also at room temperature). At what (common) tempera-
ture would the copper sphere just barely be able to pass through the hole in the
aluminum plate?

Thermal Expansion: A steel rod of circular cross-section and a diameter of 5.0

cm spans the 2.5-meter gap between two concrete fixtures. At 20°C the beam
is not compressed and just touches each of the fixtures (exerting no force on
them). What force is exerted on the fixtures when the temperature of the steel
beam rises to 80°C, and the distance between the fixtures remains the same
during the warming? The coefficient of expansion of steel is 1.1x10-5 °C-1, and
the Young's modulus of steel is 2.0x10-6 Pa.

Ideal Gas Law: How many moles of carbon dioxide would there be in a 3.5-
cm3 CO2 cartridge at room temperature (20°C) if the gauge pressure of the gas
in the cartridge is 500 psi? How many molecules of carbon dioxide would there
be in the cartridge?
 IDEAL GAS LAW PRACTICE PROBLEMS

Ideal Gas Law: An aerosol can contains a gas whose gauge pressure is 2.0
atm at 22°C. Suppose that the can will rupture when the gauge pressure of the
gas inside rises to 3.5 atm. If the can were tossed into a fire, at what tempera-
ture will the can rupture?

Ideal Gas Law: 66.0 ft3 of air at atmospheric pressure and at 22°C is to be
placed into a 10.0-liter scuba tank. Just after this transfer, it is found that the
tank's gauge shows a pressure of 3000 psig. What temperature is the air
immediately after the tank is filled?

Ideal Gas Law: A bubble is released from the bottom of a fresh-water lake,
15.0 meters below the surface. The gas in the bubble is 4°C when released and
warms to 20°C by the time it reaches the surface. If the bubble had a volume
of 2.0 cm3 at release, what will be its volume when it reaches the surface?
 HEAT ENERGY PRACTICE PROBLEMS

Heat Energy: At Vernal Falls in Yosemite National Park, California, water in the
Merced River plummets 97 meters from the rim of the falls to a pool below.
What is the temperature increase of the water after dropping this distance? Hint:
You need to consider two energy conversions.

Heat Energy: Compute the amount of heat energy required to convert 10 grams
of ice originally at -20°C to steam at 150°C?

Heat Energy: A girl with a mass of 60 kg skis across a horizontal surface of

ice. She finds that she is uniformly decelerating due to friction. If the kinetic
coefficient of friction between the skis and ice is 0.30, and she travels 40 meters
before coming to rest, how much ice melts during this process? Assume the ice
initially is at 0°C.
 CALORIMETRY PRACTICE PROBLEMS

Calorimetry: A styrofoam cup contains 100 grams of water at 50°C. A 40-gram

piece of ice at -20°C is placed in the cup, and the system is allowed to come
to thermal equilibrium. Assuming the cup does not take part in any heat sharing,
describe thermal equilibrium reached by the system.

Calorimetry: A styrofoam cup contains 100 grams of water at 60°C. A 200-

gram piece of ice at -40°C is placed in the cup, and the system is allowed to
come to thermal equilibrium. Assuming the cup does not take part in any heat
sharing, describe thermal equilibrium reached by the system.

Calorimetry: A styrofoam cup contains 100 grams of water at 20°C. A 200-

gram piece of ice at -60°C is placed in the cup, and the system is allowed to
come to thermal equilibrium. Assuming the cup does not take part in any heat
sharing, describe thermal equilibrium reached by the system.
 HEAT TRANSPORT PRACTICE PROBLEMS

Thermal Conductivity: A pane of glass is 1/8" thick and has dimensions 1.5
m by 2.5 m. It separates two heat reservoirs whose temperatures are 10°C and
22°C. What is the rate of heat transport through the pane?

Thermal Conductivity: A copper and an aluminum cylinder are joined end-to-

end as shown. Each has a diameter of 4.0 cm and a length of 25.0 cm. One
end of the copper cylinder is maintained at 90°C and one end of the aluminum
cylinder is maintained at 15°C . What is the junction temperature?

Thermal Radiation: The surface of a cube with sides of length 0.05 m has an
emissivity of 0.85. If the surface of the cube is maintained at a temperature of
550°C, what is the radiant energy flux through the surface of the cube?
 ENTROPY PRACTICE PROBLEMS

Warming: Find the change in entropy of a 250-gram piece of copper heated

from 20oC to 180oC. Take the specific heat of copper to be .092 cal/g.oC.

Phase Change: Find the change in entropy of a 1.5-kg mass of water (initially
at 0oC) when it is fully frozen, producing ice at 0oC. Take the latent heat of
fusion for H2O to be 2.26x106 J/K.

Free Expansion: Find the change in entropy when an ideal gas at 1.0 atm and
20oC occupying a chamber whose volume is 0.5 m3 is allowed to free-expand
into an evacuated chamber whose (extra) volume is 2.5 m3.

Compound: A 60-gram piece of ice at 0oC is placed in a container with 200

grams of water at 50oC. Find the temperature of this system after thermal
equilibrium is attained. Use this result to find ΔS for: (1) the water; (2) the ice;
and (3) the entire system during this process. Assume that the container does
not transfer any heat energy.