Dunman Secondary School ∙ Mathematics Department

Resilient Problem Solvers ∙ Self-Directed Learners ∙ Critical Thinkers

Name: _______________________ ( ) Class: Sec 3D

Secondary 3 Express Mathematics (4052)

Chapter 4: coordinate geometry

By the end of this chapter, I can

 Find the length of a line segment given the coordinates of its endpoints
 Find the gradient of a straight line given the coordinates of any two points on it
 Interpret the equation of a straight line graph in the form y = mx + c
 Find the equation of a straight line graph in the form y = mx + c
 Solve geometry problems involving the use of coordinates

You have completed 2 SLS Lesson Packages on exploring the above concepts, now let’s
consolidate our learning and practice on more types of questions!

If you need to revisit some of the concepts, you can view the videos again in the SLS Lesson
Packages.

4.1 – length of line segment

Remember The length of any line segment PQ, where the coordinates of the points
P and Q are ( x1 , y1 ) and ( x2 , y2 ) respectively, is

2024_3Exp_EM (4052)/ Chapter 4 Notes/ Ms Kathy Cheong (Mrs Heng) 1

 Dunman Secondary School ∙ Mathematics Department

Resilient Problem Solvers ∙ Self-Directed Learners ∙ Critical Thinkers

Problem−Solving Tip

As you read each

question, highlight the
key words/phrases that
lead you to decide on
the formula/method to
be applied in each
question.

2024_3Exp_EM (4052)/ Chapter 4 Notes/ Ms Kathy Cheong (Mrs Heng) 2

 Dunman Secondary School ∙ Mathematics Department

Resilient Problem Solvers ∙ Self-Directed Learners ∙ Critical Thinkers

4.2 – gradient of a straight line

Remember If A ( x1 , y1 ) and B ( x2 , y2 ) are two points on a line, then

Gradient of AB =

Types of Gradient

Gradient Positive Negative Zero Undefined

Sketch of Line

2024_3Exp_EM (4052)/ Chapter 4 Notes/ Ms Kathy Cheong (Mrs Heng) 3

 Dunman Secondary School ∙ Mathematics Department

Resilient Problem Solvers ∙ Self-Directed Learners ∙ Critical Thinkers

2024_3Exp_EM (4052)/ Chapter 4 Notes/ Ms Kathy Cheong (Mrs Heng) 4

 Dunman Secondary School ∙ Mathematics Department

Resilient Problem Solvers ∙ Self-Directed Learners ∙ Critical Thinkers

4.3 – equation of a straight line

Recall from the SLS Lesson,

Recall from Sec 2 Math,

Remember Horizontal Line Vertical Line

Gradient

Equation

Sketch

Remember For a straight line passing through y−intercept c and gradient m,

the equation is

This is known as the gradient−intercept form of the equation of a straight line.

2024_3Exp_EM (4052)/ Chapter 4 Notes/ Ms Kathy Cheong (Mrs Heng) 5

 Dunman Secondary School ∙ Mathematics Department

Resilient Problem Solvers ∙ Self-Directed Learners ∙ Critical Thinkers

2024_3Exp_EM (4052)/ Chapter 4 Notes/ Ms Kathy Cheong (Mrs Heng) 6

 Dunman Secondary School ∙ Mathematics Department

Resilient Problem Solvers ∙ Self-Directed Learners ∙ Critical Thinkers

Problem−Solving Tip

What information do we need to find the equation of a straight line?

For each case below, describe how you would find the equation of the straight line.

Given gradient m and Given gradient m and the Given the coordinates of
y−intercept c coordinates of a point (a, b) two points (a, b) and (c, d)

2024_3Exp_EM (4052)/ Chapter 4 Notes/ Ms Kathy Cheong (Mrs Heng) 7