Unit 2 FRQ Quiz

(Topics 2.4 - 2.9)

Living cells require multiple materials to be transported in and out of the cells to fulfill
different needs. Ions, molecules, and proteins all move across the membrane in different
ways depending on their structure.

(a) Sodium and potassium ions constantly move across cellular membranes.
Identify the transport method that both sodium and potassium use together to
move across membranes.

(b) A bulk amount of protein is created in a cell’s endomembrane system and needs to
evacuate the cell. Explain the method the bulk substance should use to exit the
cell.

(c) Human cells require multiple substances to pass in and out of their membranes
regularly. Design an experiment to test which molecules, listed below, can pass
through the membrane via simple diffusion.
- Water
- Glucose
- CO2
1A: FRQ
Unit 2 FRQ Quiz
(Topics 2.4 - 2.9)
Living organisms must maintain homeostasis to ensure proper cellular function.
Tonicity and osmoregulation are essential processes in this regard.

(a) The movement of water due to concentrations of solutes affects red blood cells
(RBCs). Identify TWO types of solutions and describe their effects on red blood
cells (RBCs) in terms of tonicity.

(b) Consider a freshwater fish and a marine fish, both living in their respective
environments. When surveying different types of fishes found in rivers versus the
ocean, a scientist compares the freshwater and marine fish. After the survey, the
scientist puts the freshwater fish in the ocean and the marine fish in a river.
Explain specific mechanisms and adaptations that these fish may employ to
attempt to adapt to their new environments.

(c) A laboratory experiment was conducted to investigate the effects of varying salt
concentrations on plant cells. Explain the effect of placing a plant cell in an
environment with a low solute potential.

2A: FRQ
Unit 2 FRQ Quiz
(Topics 2.4 - 2.9)
Living cells maintain homeostasis to ensure proper cellular function. Diffusion is a
crucial mechanism, that maintains homeostasis, by which certain molecules enter or exit
cells based on varying concentrations of those molecules.

(a) The plasma membrane is a complex structure that contains many proteins that
contribute to diffusion. Identify ONE specific membrane protein and explain how
it facilitates the movement of specific molecules across the cell membrane.

(b) Cells need to regulate the influx of ions to maintain proper ion concentrations for
cellular functions. Explain the role of ion channels in facilitating the passive
movement of ions and the maintaining of a concentration gradient across cell
membranes.

(c) Movement of water and nutrients, through diffusion, is critical for the survival of
plants. Using the concept of water potential, explain the role of positive and
negative pressure in the transport of water and nutrients throughout a vascular
plant.
4A: FRQ