 Insert Picture/illustration.

(give picture of the actual plant to bring)

 Common name/s: Sileng-haba, Siling mahahaba, Long pepper, Spanish pepper

 Scientific name: Capsicum annuum var. longum

 Family Name: Solanaceae

 Constituents:

o Capsaicin, 0.14%, and capsicin are active substances found in fruit.

o Capsaicin (trans-8-methyl-N-vanillyl-6-nonenamide) is the main pungent component of
hot peppers such as red chili peppers, jalapeos, and habanero peppers.
o Capsaicinoids: homocapsaicin, homodihydrocapsaicin, and nordihydrocapsaicin.
o The carotenoid pigments lutein, carotene, capsorubin, and capsanthin.
o Capsicum red or carotin is the skin's coloring agent.
o Pentosans, pectin, citric acid, palmitic acid, volatile and fatty oils, an alkaloid (solanine),
and pectin are all present in the immature fruit.

 Cultivation:
o Simply remove the seeds from mature Siling haba, put them on a piece of tissue, and
sun-dry them. Place the seeds in a tray for seedlings filled with soilless potting mix for
five to seven days before transferring them to individual pots. Within two to three
months, the harvest is ready. Depending on the species, chilies can live between 1.5 and
15 years. Chiltepe is a perennial plant that grows as a tiny bush. This wild type can live
without frost for 35 to 50 years in Texas, Arizona, and Florida. Here in the Philippines
the Chili tree can live for about 6 months to 1 year.

 Uses:
o Antimicrobial (Frial-McBride, 2016 - Extraction of resins from Capsicum annuum var.
longum (Siling haba) for the study of their potential anti-microbial activities)
 Reference: Frial-McBride, M. G. (2016, March 31). Extraction of resins from capsicum
annuum var. Longum (Siling Haba) for the study of their potential anti-microbial
activities. Journal of Chemical and Pharmaceutical Research. Retrieved April 13, 2023,
from https://www.jocpr.com/articles/extraction-of-resins-from-capsicum-annuum-var-
longum-siling-haba-for-the-study-of-their-potential-antimicrobial-activiti-5069.html

o Anthelminthic (Gentiles, Morales, Rollo, 2019 - Anthelmintic Activity of Capsicum

Annuum var. Longum (Siling-Haba) Placental Extracts Against Gastrointestinal Parasites
in Broiler Chicken Stool)
Reference: Anthelmintic activity of capsicum annuum var. Longum (Siling-haba ... (n.d.).
Retrieved April 13, 2023, from
https://kkgpublications.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/10/ijaps.5.50004-2.pdf

o Liniment in the Management of Knee Osteoarthritis (Pattern, et al., 2019 - A Preliminary

Study on the Safety, Efficacy and Acceptability of the Community Preparation of Siling
Labuyo (Capsicum frutescens) Liniment in the Management of Knee Osteoarthritis in a
Six-Week, Active-Controlled Community-Based Clinical Trial)
Reference: Paterno, E. R., Pangilinan, C. A., Arollado, E. C., & Rosario, R. M. (2019). A
preliminary study on the safety, efficacy and acceptability of the community preparation
of Siling Labuyo (capsicum frutescens) liniment in the management of knee
osteoarthritis in a six-week, active-controlled community-based clinical trial. Acta
Medica Philippina, 53(4). https://doi.org/10.47895/amp.v53i4.52

o Digestion aid (Tang, et al., 2022 - Capsaicin, the Spicy Ingredient of Chili Peppers: Effects
on Gastrointestinal Tract and Composition of Gut Microbiota at Various Dosages).
Reference: Xiang, Q., Tang, X., Cui, S., Zhang, Q., Liu, X., Zhao, J., Zhang, H., Mao, B., &
Chen, W. (2022). Capsaicin, the Spicy Ingredient of Chili Peppers: Effects on
Gastrointestinal Tract and Composition of Gut Microbiota at Various Dosages. Foods
(Basel, Switzerland), 11(5), 686. https://doi.org/10.3390/foods11050686

 Folkloric use:
o Pain relief (Capsaicin – crushed the chili pepper to make a cream that can applied in
affected area).
o Digestive assist: Green Chili is utilized to assist digestion in many cultures. It is thought
to increase the passage of food through the digestive tract by stimulating the formation
of digestive juices. To ease constipation and other digestive disorders, some traditional
medicine practitioners prescribe drinking chili pepper tea. (Decoction)

 Identify one constituent and give the procedure of extraction:

o Capsaicin – Capsaicin can be extracted using a variety of procedures, including aqueous
enzymatic extraction, solvent extraction, and microwave- or ultrasound-assisted
extraction.

 Testimonial from community

 Name: Leoncia Mangulabnan (Grandmother)
Province: Pampanga
“ Una ginagamit sa pagluluto pandagdag lasa at nakakatulong din pampagana kumain.
Ginagamit namin kapag sumasakit ang ngipin, kukunin naming ang katas at ilalagay sa ngipin na
sumasakit. Ginagamit din kapag may rayuma, didikdikin ang pinakasili tapos ihahalo sa langis
para pampahid”

Picture

Anthelmintic activity of capsicum annuum var. Longum (Siling-haba ... (n.d.). Retrieved April 13, 2023,
from https://kkgpublications.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/10/ijaps.5.50004-2.pdf

Frial-McBride, M. G. (2016, March 31). Extraction of resins from capsicum annuum var. Longum (Siling
Haba) for the study of their potential anti-microbial activities. Journal of Chemical and Pharmaceutical
Research. Retrieved April 13, 2023, from https://www.jocpr.com/articles/extraction-of-resins-from-
capsicum-annuum-var-longum-siling-haba-for-the-study-of-their-potential-antimicrobial-activiti-
5069.html

Paterno, E. R., Pangilinan, C. A., Arollado, E. C., & Rosario, R. M. (2019). A preliminary study on the
safety, efficacy and acceptability of the community preparation of Siling Labuyo (capsicum frutescens)
liniment in the management of knee osteoarthritis in a six-week, active-controlled community-based
clinical trial. Acta Medica Philippina, 53(4). https://doi.org/10.47895/amp.v53i4.52

Xiang, Q., Tang, X., Cui, S., Zhang, Q., Liu, X., Zhao, J., Zhang, H., Mao, B., & Chen, W. (2022). Capsaicin,
the Spicy Ingredient of Chili Peppers: Effects on Gastrointestinal Tract and Composition of Gut
Microbiota at Various Dosages. Foods (Basel, Switzerland), 11(5), 686.
https://doi.org/10.3390/foods11050686