IARPotHP

International Association for Research on

Pottery of the Hellenistic Period e. V.

Volume 3

EXPLORING THE NEIGHBORHOOD

The Role of Ceramics in Understanding Place in the Hellenistic World

Proceedings of the 3 rd Conference of IARPotHP

Kaštela, June 2017, 1 st – 4 th

Edited by Ivanka Kamenjarin and Marina Ugarković

Offprint

Phoibos Verlag, Wien 2020

Ivanka Kamenjarin – Marina Ugarković (eds.), Exploring the Neighborhood, IARPotHP 3

(Phoibos Verlag, Vienna 2019) ISBN 978- 3- 85161- 238-7
 Eastern Sigillata A at Home*
Philip Bes – Peter Stone
Abstract
Eastern Sigillata A is famous as a distinctive, mass produced, highly standardized ware that was
circulated widely in the Late Hellenistic and Early Roman periods. At sites from Israel to
Egypt to Greece and Italy, ESA plates and bowls are standard “type fossils” for dating and a
key marker of economic connections and tastes. While ESA has a broad distribution, the re-
sults of scientific analyses and its distribution suggest a source in coastal Cilicia, an area from
which few Hellenistic or Early Roman ceramic corpora have been published. As such, there
has been little study of how ESA was used in its region of origin. In this paper, we draw on
our research of the Hellenistic pottery at the Cilician port town of Kinet Höyük (Issus) to com-
pare ESA with early and middle Hellenistic table assemblages. Our preliminary results suggest
that despite the changes in style and ceramic technology represented by ESA, the range of ESA
vessels produced and used in coastal Cilicia late in the Hellenistic period represent substantial
functional continuity with table settings used in the region in the 3 rd and early 2 nd centuries
BCE.

ESA is best known as a fine red slipped imported ware of Late Hellenistic and Early Roman date
(see distribution map). But it was not an import everywhere – it had a home in eastern coastal Ci-
licia, and our goal is to elucidate how people in Cilicia used ESA dishes1. To do so, we will exam-
ine Hellenistic tablewares from Kinet Höyük/Issus, a port town on the Cilician coast occupied on
and off from the Early Bronze Age through the Middle Ages and excavated by teams led by Mar-
ie-Henriette Gates of Bilkent University between 1992 –20112. At Kinet Höyük, we have been
able to identify three stratigraphically distinct horizons associated with reconstructable Hellenistic
pottery. One of these dates from the mid to late 3 rd century BCE, another to the first half of the
2 nd century BCE and a third to the end of the 2 nd or early in the 1 st century BCE after which
the site was abandoned until the Middle Ages, though a token presence of Late Roman pottery
can be mentioned3. We will show that despite obvious differences in manufacture and appear-
ance between ESA and earlier Cilician tablewares, the functional range of ESA is broadly consis-
tent with earlier Hellenistic traditions of drinking and dining in evidence at Kinet Höyük.
We will begin with a summary of ESA, the export product, and how the range of shapes
traded abroad compares with those used at Kinet Höyük. Data compiled from the ICRATES da-
tabase shows that in the late 2 nd and early 1 st century BCE three ESA shapes were popular in all
the regions to which it was exported: upturned rim plates of two types (Hayes’s forms 3, 4)4
which together make up from 30.1% to 59.2 % of vessels on the export market, while footed
hemispherical bowls (Hayes form 22) range from 19.7 to 29.6 % (see fig. 1)5. The plates were

* We thank Marie-Henriette Gates, director of the
Kinet Höyük excavations and Charles Gates, who oversaw
the excavations of the Hellenistic remains. Our thanks for
allowing us to examine and present this material.
1 For discussion of the origins of ESA see Lund 2005;
Lund et al. 2006; Slane 1997.
2 For a summary of the Persian and Hellenistic re-
mains from Kinet Höyük see Gates 2015.
3 The latest independently datable Hellenistic item
from the site is a stamped Rhodian amphora handle dated
110 – 86 BCE, suggesting along with the particular ESA
types present that Kinet Höyük was abandoned very late
in the 2 nd or early in the 1 st century BCE. We thank
Patrick Monsieur for sharing his readings of the stamped
amphora handles.
4 For Hayes’ typology, the source for the form num-
bers referred to here, see Hayes 1985. See also Slane 1997
and Tidmarsh 2011.
5 While there are regional variations in the various
export markets, the general patterns we highlight here
pertain in all of them. For detailed discussion of quantities
of published ESA and other wares in these markets, see Bes
2015, 27– 82.

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 Philip Bes – Peter Stone

Fig. 1: Chart showing ESA percentages by function in export market (average), from published sites in Cilicia
and the Levant, and Kinet Höyük. Hayes forms shown in parentheses with the exception of Slane’s TA type 31
(Credit: authors).

for serving and food, and although often referred to as cups, it is possible that the footed hemi-
spherical bowls were meant for individual diners given that they are not well-suited to cupping
in hand, have no handles, and because at coastal Cilician and Levantine sites ESA vessels more
obviously suited to drinking like hemispherical and mold made bowls are well represented, un-
like in the export market6. Hellenistic ESA shapes that occur infrequently on Cyprus and rarely
in the Aegean or Italian export markets include conical cups and rounded hemispherical drinking
bowls (Hayes’ forms 17–19, 23 –25), large chalices or small kraters (Hayes’ forms 15, 26) and
closed vessels, mostly lagynoi (Hayes’ forms 101+). Thus, most of the rare ESA shapes on the ex-
port markets are for wine service and consumption7. The discussion above summarizes Hellenis-
tic ESA as most archaeologists working in Asia Minor, Cyprus, Greece, and Italy encounter it – a
distinct series of table vessels for serving food and perhaps drinking, mostly upturned rim plates
and footed hemispherical bowls that starts to appear late in the 2 nd century BCE.
Published results from sites in Cilicia and the Levant indicate a much different situation
closer to ESA’s source, with a greater frequency of drinking vessels in particular. But to date,
there has not been a thorough publication of pottery from a well-stratified Hellenistic site in
coastal Cilicia to show how this pattern might relate to established patterns of production and
preferences among people living in ESA’s region of origin. Our ongoing work on the Hellenistic
pottery from Kinet Höyük seeks to address that lacuna. As a first step, Philip Bes counted 1, 129
ESA vessels from the site. His analysis shows that as in the export market at Kinet Höyük, the
most common ESA shapes in terms of function are footed hemispherical bowls (439) and plates

6 It is also possible that these bowls were used differ- vessels made in the Aegean late in the Hellenistic period,
ently in different places according to local traditions. such as Ephesian mold made bowls (e. g., Rogl 2014,
7 The intensive trade in ESA plates and bowls is 136 –137 fig. 22) and two handled Knidian cups (e. g.,
interesting in relation to the intensive export of drinking Kçgler 2014, 158 f. 168 f.).

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 Eastern Sigillata A at Home

(369) for dining and serving food. But, unlike on the Aegean, Asia Minor, and Italian export
markets, handle-less round bottomed drinking vessels are numerous, including unfooted hemi-
spherical/conical bowls with various rim configurations and decorative schemes (223). Less com-
mon are mold made bowls (11), deep conical cups (6), and inset rim skyphoi (7) for a total of
248 drinking vessels or 22 % of the total compared with an average of 5.5 % in export markets.
These drinking vessels were accompanied regularly by vessels for serving wine – Hayes’ forms 15
and 26 – which are either large chalices or small kraters (23) and closed vessels (mostly lagynoi,
40); together these forms make up 5.5 % of the ESA total compared to 3 % on the export mar-
ket. As is shown on fig. 1, the ESA assemblage at Kinet Höyük corresponds with an overall Cili-
cian and Levantine pattern late in the Hellenistic period that includes a greater proportion of
ESA drinking and service vessels than in export markets.
Perhaps we can understand the greater quantities of these particular ESA shapes in coastal
Cilicia and Kinet Höyük, in particular, if we consider the habits of drinking and dining evident
in the dishes of people living in coastal Cilicia earlier in the Hellenistic period, in the middle of
the 3 rd and in the first half of the 2 nd century. We will focus specifically on pottery from well-
dated and coherent contexts from Kinet Höyük with the caveat that study of the Hellenistic stra-
tigraphy and quantification of pottery are ongoing. The emphasis here is on how the assemblage
as a whole functioned and looked rather than precise typological details or exact quantities.

Early Hellenistic Table Settings at Kinet Höyük, c. 300 –200 BCE

Well-preserved pottery dating to the middle of the 3 rd century BCE was found in four partially
excavated rooms of one or perhaps two large, well-built structure(s) on the eastern edge of the
mound in excavation operations D and A8. Not enough of the structure or the individual rooms
has been excavated to propose a specific function for it, although the thickness of the mudbrick
walls, quality of construction and its location near the fortifications might indicate a public func-
tion. Pits dug in the Medieval period disturbed these rooms, but aside from sporadic fragments
of Medieval pottery, the latest datable items within them were four Rhodian stamped amphora
handles of mid- 3 rd century date, the latest of which dates to 244–236 BCE. A second context
of approximately contemporary date with well-preserved pottery consists of several pits on the
southern end of the mound in excavation area U containing a similar range of shapes and noth-
ing that need date later than the 3 rd century BCE9. These pits are also of uncertain function,
but given that they occur on the slope outside the walls of the town, they may have been refuse
pits of household debris or perhaps a sanctuary where feasts were held.
Most of the table vessels in these deposits occur in a ware we call “slipped Cilician fine
ware.” This ware is hard and fine, light pink brown or yellow brown in color and partially or
wholly covered in smooth, though often streaky, slip fired black, purple, or red and often
mottled some combination of these colors (fig. 2). Shapes represented in this ware include in-
curved rim bowls in three sizes (fig. 2 c) and ledge rim saucers or small plates with fishplate de-
pressions for serving food (fig. 2 d). For drinking, residents of Kinet Höyük used vertical
handled skyphoi (fig. 2 a), and for serving wine, projecting rim kraters (fig. 2 b), olpai (fig. 2 e),
and jugs with overhanging rims and high arching handles (fig. 3).
In both of these 3 rd century deposits, there are imports from a variety of sources judging
from the varied appearance of vessels’ clay, surface treatment, and typological details (fig. 4).
While pinpointing the precise origin of most of these imports is impossible without chemical or
petrographic data, comparisons with published vessels suggests that most of the imports probably
originated in Cyprus, the Aegean Islands, and Western Asia Minor. Many of the same shapes oc-
cur among the imports as in slipped Cilician fine ware, although some shapes such as folded rim
saucers (fig. 4 e), ledge rim bowls (fig. 4 c), and rilled rim plates (fig. 4 f ) occur only as imports.

8 Gates 2015, 93 f. fig. 13. predecessor of ESA were notably absent in both of these
9 Mold made bowls and vessels in the black slipped deposits.

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 Philip Bes – Peter Stone

Fig. 2: 3 rd century BCE vessels in slipped Cilician fine ware from Kinet Höyük (Credit: Lesley Boggs; Kinet
Höyük Excavations).

The table vessels that make up these early Hel-

lenistic assemblages at Kinet Höyük come
from a wide range of sources and show a wide
range of slip firing, some are all or mostly
black, some are all or mostly red, and many
were mottled, indicating that residents of Ki-
net Höyük in the 3 rd century had table set-
tings of heterogeneous appearance.
Functionally, the locally-produced slipped Cili-
cian fine ware includes plenty of vessels for din-
ing, drinking and serving food and wine and
was supplemented regularly by imports serving
these same purposes. Such functional diversity
in local production was not universal. For in-
stance, potters of 3 rd century BCE southern
Phoenician coastal fine ware industry rarely
produced skyphoi, kraters, or jugs and olpai
for serving wine10.

Fig. 3: Slipped Cilician fine ware jug with high arch-

ing handle from Kinet Höyük (Credit: authors; Kinet
Höyük Excavations).

10 Stone 2013 (referred to there as “central coastal bowls with incurved rims served as drinking vessels in
fine ware”); Élaigne 2015, 275 f. 292. 294 figs. 8. 10; assemblages that do not feature many hemispherical bowls,
https://www.levantineceramics.org/wares/southern-phoeni- kantharoi, or skyphoi see Hudson 2016, 218 fig. 15.
cian-persian-hellenistic-fine-ware. For the possibility that

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 Eastern Sigillata A at Home

Fig. 4: 3 rd century BCE imports from Kinet Höyük (Credit: authors; Kinet Höyük Excavations).

Middle Hellenistic Table Settings at Kinet Höyük, c. 200 –140 BCE

Moving forward in time to the first half of the 2 nd century BCE, there are again two contexts
with well-preserved pottery, in the BP rescue excavations to the west of the mound and in opera-
tion G near the center of the mound. In the BP rescue excavations, small portions of two rooms
from a building of unknown function were uncovered beneath two meters of sterile soil and a
thin layer of wash and tiles11. The latest datable material found within the foundations beneath
the tiles were vessels in the black slipped predecessor of ESA (hereafter BSP). Specific BSP
shapes such as mold made bowls, hanging rim fishplates, footed hemispherical bowls, an up-
turned rim plate, and three chalices or small kraters of Hayes’ form 15 all suggest a date around
the middle of the 2 nd century BCE or perhaps a little later12. A second context is more compli-
cated and extensive, consisting of deposits from a partially excavated structure built against the
Persian Period fortifications in operation G at the north end of the mound that seems to be bar-
racks or a house judging from its layout (a series of small to medium-sized rooms grouped
around a courtyard) and finds13. Well-preserved pottery was discovered in several of these rooms.
Of seven stamped Rhodian amphora handles found in this material the latest is dated to 188 –
147 BCE; the latest datable pottery again consisted of vessels in BSP, including mold made
bowls and Hayes’ form 22 footed hemispherical bowls. The stamped amphora handles and pot-
tery from area G imply a date in the middle of the 2 nd century BCE, and the similarity between
the overall assemblages in both the BP and area G contexts further supports their contemporane-
ity.
The table vessels in both of these mid- 2 nd century contexts were varied in terms of func-
tion, source, and appearance (figs. 5 – 7). Slipped Cilician fine ware bowls with incurved rims,

1 1 Gates 2015, 94– 95 fig, 14, 15. 386 –168, 386 –167, 98 – 53, 386 –156, 386 –161, 98 –
12 E. g., Berlin – Stone 2016, 162 –164 figs. 9.12, 164, 98 –10; Slane 1997, 271–282.
1. 2. 12. 13. 16; Élaigne 2007, 109. 114 f. 138 fig. 14, 13 Gates 2015, 91– 93 fig. 12.

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 Philip Bes – Peter Stone

Fig. 5: Group of early to mid- 2 nd century vessels found together in area G at Kinet Höyük (Credit: Marie-Hen-
riette Gates; Kinet Höyük Excavations).

Fig. 6: Early to mid- 2 nd century BCE serving vessels from Kinet Höyük (Credit: Authors; Kinet Höyük Excava-
tions).

saucers with ledge rims (fig. 5 b) and skyphoi with vertical handles generally similar to those of
the earlier Hellenistic period appear in both contexts (fig. 5 a) along with the same sort of project-
ing rim kraters seen in the 3 rd century. New shapes in slipped Cilician fine ware include saucers
and plates with grooved rims (fig. 5 d) along with column kraters and table amphoras for serving
wine (fig. 6 a. c). As mentioned above, vessels in BSP, another probable Cilician fine ware, first

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 Eastern Sigillata A at Home

Fig. 7: BSP vessels from Kinet Höyük (Credit: Lesley Boggs; Kinet Höyük Excavations).

appear in these deposits (figs. 5 e; 7). Some BSP shapes are the same as those represented in
slipped Cilician fine ware, including bowls with incurved and everted rims (fig. 7 a. b). Shapes
not seen in slipped Cilician fine ware occur as well, including fishplates and platters with hanging
rims (fig. 7 c), plates with upturned rims, platters with offset rims, footed hemispherical bowls,
hemispherical and mold made drinking bowls (fig. 7 d), and chalices or small kraters. Imported
table vessels continued to appear regularly in the early to mid 2 nd century BCE, including in-
curved rim bowls (fig. 5 c), hemispherical bowls with interior decoration, mold made bowls prob-
ably originating in the Aegean, and table amphoras with stepped rims and west slope decoration
probably also originating in the Aegean (fig. 6 b)14.
We would like to make three points about this mid- 2 nd century BCE table assemblage in
juxtaposition with that of the mid to late 3 rd century. First, there are notable differences. Chief
among these is the occurrence of BSP. The fabric of BSP vessels is generally similar to slipped Ci-
lician fine ware except that it is somewhat cleaner, fired harder, and vessels are entirely coated in
a smooth, semi-lustrous slip sometimes fired all black or dark purple, but more often mottled
black, purple, and/or red. Like ESA, many BSP vessels show signs of production using tools,
especially on the floor of the vessels and around the feet and sometimes on vessel walls to make
vertically incised flutes. New forms also appeared, for dining there were now grooved rim saucers
and hanging rim fishplates in multiple sizes, including large ones that may have been for group
serving. For drinking, mold made bowls and other round bottomed drinking vessels appear, and
projecting rim kraters were joined or perhaps replaced by column kraters for serving wine. Two
handled table amphoras appear (fig. 6 a. b), possibly replacing fine jugs with overhanging rims
and high arching handles.
Second, despite the introduction of BSP and changes in vessel forms, there is substantial
functional continuity. The only new forms from a functional standpoint are larger plates and plat-
ters for serving food to groups and round bottomed drinking bowls that would have required the
drinker to drain them before putting them down15. Indeed, as mentioned above, many specific
forms such as incurved rim bowls and vertical handled skyphoi continued in use. The overall ar-
ray of shapes and their relative representation, including plenty of vessels for eating, drinking
and serving wine matches the situation at Kinet Höyük in the 3 rd century quite well.
Third, there were still plenty of imports, and perhaps most obviously, a lot of chromatic
variety: black, red, purple, and shades of brown and gray, even within individual room groups in
area G (fig. 5). For the people who lived at this coastal Cilician town in the first half of the 2 nd

14 Cf. Sch
fer 1968 pls. 17–20, 67– 71. 1 5 See Rotroff, this volume.

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 Philip Bes – Peter Stone

Fig. 8: ESA vessels from Kinet Höyük (Credit: Lesley Boggs; Kinet Höyük Excavations).

century BCE, a table assemblage of heterogeneous appearance was satisfactory and perhaps even
desirable, so long as it facilitated a nice presentation of food and wine in keeping with traditions
already seen in the 3 rd century.

Late Hellenistic Table Settings at Kinet Höyük, c. 140 – 80 BCE

Above the level of the architecture just described in area G and several other excavation areas on
the mound is a layer of mudbrick debris and a thin fill upon which new buildings (most presum-
ably houses) were built on a different orientation16. In this intervening fill in area G, where it
was most clearly evident, the latest independently datable object is a Rhodian stamped amphora
handle dated 145 –138 BCE that occurred alongside very fragmentary early ESA forms, including
upturned rim plates and footed hemispherical bowls (Hayes form 22). The houses built over this
fill were abandoned sometime after 110 BCE and probably in the first quarter of the 1 st century

16 Gates 2015, 98. 101 fig. 22.

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 Eastern Sigillata A at Home

BCE, given that the latest datable ESA shapes in the abandonment debris include many up-
turned rim plates with wide feet of Hayes forms 3 – 4 (fig. 8 d) and occasional plates with molded
rims of Hayes form 9 (fig. 8 b)17. Although there is some disturbance from Medieval pits and
graves, it was not an extensive leveling, and so the final Hellenistic assemblage can be picked out
clearly from the well-preserved or reconstructable vessels of Hellenistic date found in this archi-
tectural level.
People at Kinet Höyük late in the 2 nd century or early in the 1 st used ESA upturned rim
plates (fig. 8 d) and occasionally offset rim platters for serving food, and individuals used smaller
plates and footed hemispherical bowls (fig. 8 a) along with a few carinated (fig. 8 c) and occasion-
ally ledge rim bowls. For drinking, residents used ESA unfooted bowls of various sorts (fig. 8 e)
and less often deep conical cups and inset rim skyphoi. Large chalices or small kraters and lagy-
noi in ESA (Fig. 8 f–g) were used for serving wine. The Late Hellenistic table assemblage in-
cludes an abundance of ESA and very little else. There are almost no imported table vessels
(although imported amphoras continue) and almost no local tablewares that are not in
ESA. Likewise, there is almost no color but red in this assemblage.
When considered in relation to the household equipment used by residents of Kinet
Höyük earlier in the Hellenistic Period, we see substantial changes in technology, style/color, and
consumption of imported tablewares. These differences have fascinating implications for our un-
derstanding of trade, industry, fashion, and innovation in the 2 nd century. But viewed in the
context of ESA’s likely coastal Cilician origin the functional shift is, in our view, not as dramatic.
Several of the ESA shapes that are better represented at Kinet Höyük than in the export market
are for drinking and serving wine, and that fits with a longstanding coastal Cilician tradition of
local production of wine drinking and serving vessels. At Kinet Höyük, we see ESA at home, ser-
ving Cilician household needs that stretch back generations before its invention.

Philip M. Bes Peter J. Stone

Independent Researcher Department of History, Virginia Commonwealth
The Hague University
philipmbes@gmail.com pjstone@vcu.edu

Acknowledgements
Study visits in 2006 and 2007 by Jeroen Poblome and the first author (both University of Leu-
ven, Belgium, at the time), were supported by the Research Fund of the University of Leuven
and the Research Foundation Flanders, as is Philip Bes’ continued study of Kinet Höyük’s Helle-
nistic pottery, in collaboration with Peter Stone.

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Sarah Japp – Patricia Kögler (eds.), Traditions and Innovations. Tracking the Development of
Pottery from the Late Classical to the Early Imperial Period. Proceedings of the 1 st Conference
of IARPotHP Berlin, November 2013, 7 th–10 th, IARPotHP 1 (Wien 2016)

Annette Peignard-Giros (ed.), Daily Life in a Cosmopolitan World. Pottery and Culture during
the Hellenistic Period. Proceedings of the 2 nd Conference of IARPotHP, Lyon, November
2015, 5 th – 8 th, IARPotHP 2 (Wien 2019)

Ivanka Kamenjarin – Marina Ugarković (eds.), Exploring the Neighborhood. The Role of
Ceramics in Understanding Place in the Hellenistic World. Proceedings of the 3 rd Conference of
IARPotHP, Kaštela, June 2017, 1 st – 4 th, IARPotHP 3 (Wien 2020)

Ivanka Kamenjarin – Marina Ugarković (eds.), Exploring the Neighborhood, IARPotHP 3

(Phoibos Verlag, Vienna 2019) ISBN 978- 3- 85161- 238-7
Editors in chief: Ivanka Kamenjarin and Marina Ugarković
Language editing: Sarah James (English), Marko Domljanović (English), Raffaella Da Vela (Ita-
lian), Lea Ivanovski (French), Ines Sučić (German)
Layout: Roman Jacobek, Phoibos Verlag
Cover photo: Dominik Žanić; photo p. 4: Mario Klaić; photo p. 6: Ivan Šuta
Manuscript preparation, citations and abbreviations follow the Style Sheet of the German
Archaeological Institute (DAI, 2015). Contents and illustration permissions (drawings, photos,
reproductions and graphs) are the responsibility of the individual authors.
© IARPotHP e. V. and the individual authors. All rights reserved.

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ISBN 978- 3- 85161- 237- 0 (printed edition)
ISBN 978- 3- 85161- 238-7 (E-book, PDF)

Ivanka Kamenjarin – Marina Ugarković (eds.), Exploring the Neighborhood, IARPotHP 3

(Phoibos Verlag, Vienna 2019) ISBN 978- 3- 85161- 238-7
Collaborating Institutions and Sponsors

The Museum of the Town of Kaštela Institute of Archaeology, Zagreb

Croatian Science Foundation (RED project)

University of Colorado Boulder,

Kayden Research Grant
CERAMICA-Stiftung Basel

The Museum of the Town of Kaštela, Institute of Archaeology, Zagreb and The Croatian
Science Foundation’s Roman Economy in Dalmatia: production, distribution, and demand in
light of pottery workshops (RED, IP-11- 2013- 3973) supported both the conference and its pro-
ceedings. The printing of this publication was made possible by generous grants received from
the University of Colorado Boulder (Kayden Research Grant) and CERAMICA-Stiftung Basel,
as well by private donations.

Private donors:
Guy Ackermann
Raffaella Da Vela
Anna Gamberini
Mariola Hepa
Sarah James
Norbert Kramer
Alexandros Laftsidis
Sandra Mermelstein
Ewdoksia Papuci-Władyka
Annette Peignard-Giros
Susan Rotroff
Graham Shipley
Marina Ugarković
Natalia Vogeikoff

Ivanka Kamenjarin – Marina Ugarković (eds.), Exploring the Neighborhood, IARPotHP 3

(Phoibos Verlag, Vienna 2019) ISBN 978- 3- 85161- 238-7
 Contents

Preface by the Chair of the IARPotHP . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11

Introduction and Acknowledgments . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13

General
John Lund
The Possible Impact of Globalised Hellenistic Economy on Local Fine Ware Production
in the Eastern Mediterranean . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15
Norbert Kramer
Neue Märkte – Neue Techniken – Neue Produkte. Das Aussagepotential von Keramik
für die Interpretation von Akkulturations- und Innovationsprozessen in der
hellenistischen Welt . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23
Alexandros Laftsidis
Setting a Common Table for the Hellenistic World ? Revisiting the Hellenistic
Ceramic “koine” . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 39
Susan I. Rotroff
Drinking without Handles in the Age of Alexander . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 61
Issabella Hodgson
Polychrome Mattfarbenkeramik zwischen lokaler Variation und hellenistischer Koine . . . . . . . 73
Paola Puppo
Production, Import and Consummation During the Hellenistic Period: Focus on
a Particular Cylindrical Container . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 83

Spain, Southern France, Corsica, Sardinia

Antonio SÆez Romero – Max Luaces
The Ramon T-7433/Maña C2 b Amphorae from the Strait of Gibraltar Area
(2 nd–1 st centuries B. C.). An Updated Snapshot . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 91
HØctor Uroz Rodrguez – Albert Ribera i Lacomba – Nora HernÆndez Canchado
Closed Contexts in the Destruction of the Iberian Oppidum of Libisosa
(Lezuza, Albacete-Spain) During the Sertorian War: Import Pottery . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 105
Giuseppe Indino – Daniela Cottica
La ceramica a vernice nera come marker della “romanizzazione” nel Grande Sud della
Francia: dal Mediterraneo occidentale all’Atlantico meridionale . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 119
Kewin Peche-Quilichini
Les vaisselles produites en Corse nord-orientale à l’époque hellénistique : technologie,
typologie et connexions avec l’Etrurie insulaire et littorale . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 133
Luca Zamparo – Lara Maritan – Jacopo Bonetto – Claudio Mazzoli
Punic Black-Gloss Ware from the Site of Nora (Sardinia): an Integrated Archaeological and
Archaeometric Approach . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 145

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 Contents

Italy (Apennine peninsula)

Gerwulf Schneider – Malgorzata Daszkiewicz
Chemical Classification of Vernice Nera in Aquileia and Altino, Italy . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 153
Eleni Schindler Kaudelka – S. Magnani – Valentina Mantovani –
Lara Maritan – Anais Roume‘ gous – Roby Stuani
Il vasaio Nikostratos: le testimonianze di Altinum, Verona e Aurasio . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 163
Andrea Gaucci
Black-Gloss Ware Produced in the Etruscan City of Spina During the Hellenistic Period.
A Preliminary Report from the Valle Trebba Necropolis . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 179
Laura Ambrosini
The Role of Ceramics in Understanding Place in the Hellenistic World: The Fish Plates
of Etruria . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 193
Claudia Noferi
Rotte commerciali e dinamiche economico-sociali a Tuscania (vt-Lazio-Italia): circolazione
di persone e di manufatti ceramici nel mosaico culturale dell’Italia centro
meridionale ellenistica . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 203
Josipa Mandić – Cesare Vita
Black-glazed and ‘Gnathia style’ Pottery from the Grave Goods of the Necropolis of
San Brancato (Basilicata, Italy) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 213

Sicily
Marco Miano
Le arule nella Sicilia di età ellenistica: il caso di Finziade . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 225
Mariacristina Papale
Modellini fittili di imbarcazione dal centro ellenistico di Finziade: riflessioni e spunti . . . . . . 235
Alessio Toscano Raffa
“Sombreros de copa” from the Hellenistic city of Finziade: a contribution to the study
of circulation in Sicily . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 245
Marta Venuti
Hellenistic Medallion Bowls in Sicily . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 259

Eastern Adriatic (Kvarner and Dalmatia)

Vedrana Glavaš – Ana Konestra – Asja Tonc
Wine Consumption in the Kvarner and sub-Velebit Area (NE Adriatic) in the
Last Centuries BCE: Evidence from Amphora Finds . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 271
Irena Radić Rossi – Maja Grisonic – Katarina Batur
The Newly-discovered 4 th-century B. C. Shipwreck at the Island of Žirje (Croatia) . . . . . . . . 287
Marina Ugarković – Lujana Paraman
Appropriation of the Hellenistic Relief Ware in Ancient Trogir (Central Dalmatia,
Eastern Adriatic): Preliminary Observations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 301
Boris Čargo – Ivanka Kamenjarin
Hellenistic Mouldmade Pottery from Issa (Vis) and Siculi (Resnik – Kaštela), Croatia.
(A Preliminary Report) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 327

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Adam Lindhagen
A Central Dalmatian Origin of the Adriatic Wine Amphorae ? New Evidence
from Xrf-analyses . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 343
Boris Kavur – Martina Blečić Kavur – Branko Kirigin
The Face From the Other Side . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 353
Igor Borzić
Hellenistic Pottery from Kopila Hillfort’s Necropolis (Island of Korčula, Croatia) . . . . . . . . . 363

Southern Adriatic-Ionian region

Piotr Dyczek
Ancient Rhizon – Hellenistic Economic Centre in the Light of Polish-Montenegrin
Archaeological discoveries . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 377
Piotr Dyczek – Jordi Principal – Albert Ribera – Javier Heras
Main Trade Dynamics in Hellenistic Risan (Kotor, Montenegro): Preliminary
Evidence from Tableware and Amphorae . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 387
Nadia Aleotti
Hellenistic Pottery from Butrint (Albania). New Data from the Butrint Roman
Forum Excavations (RFE) Project . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 401
Anna Gamberini
Hellenistic Wares Found in Phoinike: Trades and Cultural Influences . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 415
Carlo De Mitri – Giovanni Mastronuzzi – Davide Tamiano
La ceramica a vernice nera nel bacino ionio-adriatico tra produzioni locali ed
importazioni: la penisola salentina . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 429

Greece and the Aegean

Maria Nasioula
From Macedonia … With Love . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 445
Guy Ackermann
Les vases à boire d’Érétrie à la haute époque hellénistique : une nouvelle perspective
sur le voisinage eubéen . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 461
Sarah James
Long-Term Patterns in Regional and Extra-Regional Trade at Corinth: A Preliminary
Study of Imported Hellenistic Fine Wares and Amphorae . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 475
Elisabeth Trinkl – Paul Bayer – Adisa Drinic – Martina Itzinger –
Regina Klçckl – Hans Scherer
Der Stadtberg von Pheneos, Arkadien, in hellenistischer Zeit . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 485
Anne-Sophie Martz
La patina, de Délos à Zeugma : témoin d’une acculturation gastronomique ? . . . . . . . . . . . . . 497
Annette Peignard-Giros
Delos, an Emporion in an Aegean Network: the Evidence of Pottery Vessels . . . . . . . . . . . . . 507
Natacha Massar
Cretan Hellenistic Pottery between Modernity and Tradition . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 517

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Asia Minor and the Black Sea

Georgiy Lomtadze – Denis Zhuravlev
Fine Ware from the House of Chrysaliskos (Taman Peninsula, Black Sea Region) . . . . . . . . . 533
Glseren Kan Şahin
Hellenistic Pottery Finds from Sinope: A Preliminary Report . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 555
Zeynep KoÅel Erdem – H. Arda Blbl
The Hellenistic Ceramics from Inner Settlements of the Gallipoli Peninsula
(Thracian Chersonese) in Turkish Thrace . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 575
Andrea Berlin
A Tale of Two Places: Hellenistic Sardis and its Rural Surroundings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 583
Ergn Laf lı – Sami Pataci
A Bull’s Head Rhyton from the Museum of Tarsus in Cilicia, Southern Turkey . . . . . . . . . . . 593
Vasilica Lungu – Pierre Dupont
Hellenistic Mould Made Relief Bowls from Celaenae (Kelainai)/Apameia Kibôtos . . . . . . . . . 603
Ute Lohner Urban
Hellenistic Central Anatolian Banded Ware – a Sign of Cultural Identity in Central
Anatolia During the Late Hellenistic Period . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 615
Daniela Cottica – Alessandro Sanavia
Continuity and Change in Central Anatolia: An Overview of the Fine Wares from
the Konya Plain Survey Project . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 623

Northern Africa, the Levant, Central Asia

Eleni Zimi
Attic black-glazed Pottery within a ‘Global’ Mediterranean Perspective: the Evidence
from Early Hellenistic Euesperides in Cyrenaica . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 631
Laura Rembart – Lisa Betina
The Reflection of the Hellenistic World in Upper Egypt. The Local Ceramic Production
of Syene / Aswan . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 645
Philip Bes – Peter Stone
Eastern Sigillata A at Home . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 655
Kristina Junker
Der Nachbar im Fernen Osten und die griechisch-hellenistische Keramik. Die
griechisch beeinflussten Keramikformen aus dem hellenistischen Heiligtum und
der Siedlung von Torbulok, Tadschikistan . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 665

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Ivanka Kamenjarin – Marina Ugarković (eds.), Exploring the Neighborhood, IARPotHP 3

(Phoibos Verlag, Vienna 2019) ISBN 978- 3- 85161- 238-7