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Springing Mass Oscillating System (M
Springing Mass Oscillating System (M
Springing Mass Oscillating System (M
M)
03. SPRINGING MASS OSCILLATING SYSTEM (M.Q)
SINGLE ANS TYPE QUESTIONS
1. A small body of mass ‘m’ is connected to two horizontal springs of elastic constant k, natural
3d
length . In the equilibrium position both springs are stretched to length ‘d’, as shown in
4
T
figure. What will be the ratio of periods of the motion a if the body is displaced horizontally
Tb
by a small distance where Ta is time period when the particle oscillates along the line of springs
and Tb is time period when the particle oscillates
A) 1/ 2 B) 1/ 4 C) 1/ 8 D) 1/ 3
(A)
2.
(1)
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3.
(1)
4.
(2)
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5. k, 2k, 4k, 8k......... as shown in the figure. All the pulleys are massless and frictionless and
strings are massless and inextensible. Then time period of oscillation will be?
Mass of block is m.
2k 8k 32k
Infinity
k 4k 16k
8m 8m 4m m
A) 2 B) C) 2 D) 2
k k k 8k
(A)
1 1
T 2 4m ...............
k1 k 2
6.
(C)
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7.
(1)
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8.
(B)
9.
(4)
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10.
(A)
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11.
(2)
12.
(c)
13. Find the natural frequency of the system shown in the figure The pulleys are smooth and mass
k
less.(Given 2 2 )
m
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6cm
m 2 m 3 m 2 m
A) B)
2 k 3 3k 2 k 3 3k
3 m m m m
C) D)
2 k 3 3k 2 k 3 3k
(B)
When the block moves under the action of both spring, mean position will shift
k 6 x 2kx x 2 cm
Maximum compression in right spring
1 2 1 1
2
k 6 2 2k x 02 k 6 x 0
2 2
2
x 0 2 cm
15. A block of mass 1 kg kept over a smooth surface is given velocity 2 m/s towards an ideal spring
of spring constant 1 N/m at a distance of 10m. Find after what time block will be passing through
P again
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k
m
2m
mean position
A
extreme position
f
mgsin
17. Two mass m1 and m2 joined by a massless inextensible rope and two massless springs of force
constant k1 and k2 lie in a vertical plane. The pulley is smooth. When the system is released with
the springs at their natural lengths, the maximum elongation of the spring(k1) is:
18. A block of mass 1 kg kept over a smooth surface is given velocity 2 m/s towards a spring of
spring constant 1 N/m at a distance of 10m. Find after what time interval block will be passing
through P again
10 m
(A, B, C)
20.
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(BD)
21. A bob of mass 2m hangs by a string attached to the block of mass m of a spring blocks system.
The whole arrangement is in a state of equilibrium. The bob of mass 2m is pulled down slowly
by a distance x0 and released.
2m
3mg
a) For x0 = ,maximum tension in string is 4mg
k
3mg
b) For x0 > , minimum tension in string is mg
k
1 k
c) Frequency of oscillation of system is , for all non-zero values of x0
2 3m
3mg
d) The motion will remain simple harmonic for x0
k
(AD)
2mg –T=2ma
T= 2mg -2ma>0
2
g> x
k
g> .x
3m
3mg
x
k
k 3mg
T=2mg+2m
3m k
T max=4mg.
22. Two blocks A and B having mass 1 kg and 4 kg respectively are attached to a spring and placed
vertically on a weighing machine as shown in the figure. Block A is held so that the spring is
relaxed. A is released from this position and it performs simple harmonic motion with angular
frequency 25 rad s 1 . The spring remains vertical
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A
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13 14 13.8
A) B) C) 0.9 D)
15 15 15
(ABCD)
Maximum tension in string T mg mA 2
2
3mg mg mA
1 A
2
3 3g
1 1
16
3 30
1 13
10 16
30 15
24. A mass ‘m1’ is hung on an ideal (mass less) spring. Anther mass ‘m2’ is connected to the other
end of the spring as shown in the figure. At t = 0 m2 is released and the system falls freely due to
gravity. Assume that natural length of spring is L0 and its stretched length at t = 0 is ‘L’ and
acceleration due to gravity ‘g’ and also assume that t = 0 m2 is located at origin O (0, 0).
If at an instant of time ‘t’ let y1 and y2 be the position coordinates of m1 and m2 respectively.
m1L 1
A) Position of centre of mass at t = t is y0 gt 2
m1 m2 2
m1g
B) The force constant of spring is
L Lo
C) If y1 y2 Lo O then acceleration m1 is directed vertically upwards
D) If y1 y2 Lo O then acceleration m2 is directed vertically downwards
(ABCD) (Key Change :(B))
Acceleration of centre of mass is ‘g’
1 2
yo yi gt
2
m1L 1
gt 2
m1 m2 2
The equations of motion of m1 and m2 are
d 2 y1
m1 m1g K y1 y2 Lo
dt 2
d 2 y2
m2 m2 g K y1 y2 Lo
dt 2
if y1 y2 Lo O which implies that
m2 has +ve acceleration (down wards) and
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m1 has ve acceleration (up wards)
25. A spring of spring constant ‘K’ suspended from the ceiling of an elevator contains a ball of mass
‘m’ at its other end. At an instant t = 0 the elevator is at rest and at the origin. It starts going up
vertically with an acceleration a = t where ‘’ is a positive constant. Then
A) The ball executes SHM with frequency independent of acceleration of elevator
m K
B) The velocity of the ball at any instant ‘t’ is given by v 1 cos t
K m
C) The displacement of ball at any instant of time ‘t’ is given by
3/2
m K K
y t sin t
K m m
m
D) The time period of oscillation is less than 2
K
(ABC) (Key Change :(A))
Theoretical concept.
26. Consider the diagram, in which two blocks placed over each other are connected to rigid fixed
supports by means of two light ideal springs. Initially both springs are at natural length position
and at rest. Assume the surfaces b/w blocks is rough with friction coefficient and those b/w
lower block and ground is smooth. The system of blocks oscillates so that m does not slip on 3m.
3 mg
A) The maximum amplitude of oscillation is
k
4 mg
B) The maximum amplitude of oscillation is
k
2 mg
C) If amplitude of oscillation is then maximum friction force between blocks
k
mg
is
2
2 mg
D) If the amplitude of oscillation is then maximum friction force between blocks is
k
3 mg
2
(BC)
At one of the extreme position
kAmax mg ma
2kAmax mg 3ma
3kAmax
a
4m
3
kAmax kAmax mg
4
4 mg
Amax
k
Also
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2 mg 3k 2 mg
k. f m. .
k 4m k
3 mg
f 2 mg mg
2 2
27. As shown in figure, a smooth rod is mounted horizontally just above a tabletop. A 10kg collar,
which is able to slide on the rod with negligible friction, is fastened to a spring whose other end
is attached to a pivot at O. The spring has negligible mass, a relaxed length of 10 cm, and a
spring constant of 500 N/m. The collar is released from rest at point S. Choose the correct
option(s)
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x=0 +A
-A
At 3 acceleration of particle is maximum. Therefore, potential energy is maximum
At 4, acceleration of particle is positive and its is increasing in magnitude.
Therefore, speed of particle is decreasing as shown below.
x=0 x= +A
x=-A
29. The system shown is hanging in equilibrium well above the ground. When the string is cut, the
time taken by the spring to reach its natural length can be (Take 2 10) .
g
60kg
1800N/m
30kg
1 1 1 2
(A) s (B) s (C) s (D) s
6 2 3 3
(AB)
T 3T 5T
T 2 Now, t , , etc
k 4 4 4
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COMPREHENSION TYPE QUESTIONS
Comprehension
A block of mass m is suspended from one end of a light spring as shown. The origin O is
considered at distance equal to natural length of the spring from the ceiling and vertical
downward direction as positive Y – axis. When the system is in equilibrium, a bullet of mass
m/3 moving in vertical upward direction with velocity v0 strikes the block and embeds into it.
As a result, the block (with bullet embedded into it) moves up and starts oscillating.
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A) x0 B) 1.5 x0 C) 1.6x0 D) 2x0
(D)
Solve problem with respect to centre of mass frame.
34. During the motion, the spring will be __________
A) First elongated and then compressed and repeat it
B) First compressed and then elongated and repeat it.
C) Elongated only D) Compressed only
(C)
Solve problem with respect to centre of mass frame.
Column I Column II
A) Spring is initially relaxed when P) m
force is applied Time period of oscillation T 2
k
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C) Before force is applied block is in R) 0Maximum velocity attained by block is
equilibrium position m
2g
k
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2mg
A
k
Velocity at natural length
A2 x 2
mg
x
k
37. Figures shows a system consisting of a mass less pulley, spring of force constant k as shown in
figures and block of mass m. If the block is slightly displaced vertically down ward from its
equilibrium position and released. Then match the (pulleys are smooth and massless) period of
its vertical oscillation given in column II with Column I.
Match the following:
Column – I Column – II
A) p) m
2
K
B) q) 4m
2
K
C) r) 5m
2
K
D) s) m
2
4K
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(4)
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39.
(3)
40.
(8)
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41.
(6)
42. In the system shown in the figure the string, springs and pulley are light. The force constant of
the two springs are k1 k and k2 2k .Block of mass M is pulled vertically down from its
pk
equilibrium position and released. The angular frequency of oscillation is . Find the
3M
value of p? The top surface of the block (represented by line AB) always remains horizontal.
k1 k2
A B
M
(8)
Let x0 be stretch is spring of force constant k2 in equilibrium position. Then stretch in the other
spring be 2x0 so that tension is same in both of them
2kx0 k 2 x0 Mg 4kx0 Mg .....(i)
Let the block be displaced further by x causing the two springs to stretch further by x1 and x2
respectively.
k1x1 k2 x2 x1 2 x2 And x1 x2 2 x
2x 4x
x2 and x1
3 3
2
d x
M 2 Mg k1 x1 2 x0 k2 x2 x0
dt
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2
d x 4 4kx
M 2
kx
dt 3 3
8
Ma kx
3
8k
a x
3M
8k
3M
43. Two blocks A and B each of mass ‘m’ are connected by means of a pulley – spring system on a
smooth inclined plane of inclination ‘’ as shown in the figure. All the pulleys and spring are
ideal and strings are light. Now B is slightly displaced from its equilibrium position. It starts to
xm
oscillate. Its time period of oscillation is found to be 2 find ‘x’ value.
4K
(5)
K
2
2
x A cos t
2
T 2 K 288 N / m
K 6
12S 1
Using the initial conditions, 0
x A cos 12t
0.1 mg 14 A mA
0.98
A 6.8 103 m
144
44. A block of mass 2kg shown in the figure executes SHM with time period /6 seconds. If a small
mass is placed on 2kg block and the coefficient of static friction between small mass and 2kg
block is 0.1 then the maximum amplitude of oscillation before the small slips is found out to be
17
mm , find . (Assume that the time period is unaffected by the small mass, also assume g =
5
9.8 m/s2)
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(2)
Due to symmetry the oscillations the oscillations of two masses are same.
mx Kx K1 x x K 2K1 x
K 2 K1 m
T 2
m K 2 K1
0.2 2 0.2 2
T 2 sec
2 4 2 5 5
45. Two spheres A and B of the same mass m and the same radius are placed on a rough horizontal
surface. A is a thin uniform hollow sphere and B is uniform solid sphere.
A and B can roll without sliding on the floor. They are also tied centrally to light spring of spring
constant k as shown figure. A and B are released when the extension in the spring is x0 . The
5N
amplitude of SHM of the sphere B is x0 . Then find N
46
(5)
Let x1 and x2 be the displacement of shell and sphere.
5 a
Torque on shell about the lowest point is given by k x1 x2 r mr 2 1
3 r
Where a1is acceleration of C.M of shell.
5 7
By conservation of angular momentum about any point on the surface mV1r mV2 r
3 5
25V1 21V2 25 x1 21x2
46 k
a1 x1
35 m
1 46 k
f
2 35 m
For amplitudes A1 A2 = x0
25 A1 21 A2
25
A2 x0
46
46. In the given diagram the threads, spring and pulleys are mass less, no friction anywhere
m
m
Find the angular frequency of the system (In rad/sec) [given K = 20 Nm–1 and m = 4 kg]
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2
(acceleration due to gravity =10 m/s )
(2)
47. A block of mass m placed on a smooth horizontal floor is connected with two light springs of
spring constant K. The angular frequency of small horizontal oscillations of the block along
horizontal plane is n rad s-1. Find n. Given: m 41 kg , K 100 N / m , 37 o .(Initially
springs shown are in undeformed state)
K
K
m
(2)
K eff k k cos2
48. Two blocks of mass 100kg each are connected by a string on a smooth inclined plane as shown.
The spring is stretched by 6 cm from its natural length. The system is at rest. If the string breaks,
the upper mass begins to oscillate with an amplitude _______cm
(3)
2mg kx0
mg kx01
mg 100 10
x0 x01 A
k k
6 2 100 10
x0
100 k
10
k 104 N / m
3
3 103
A 3 cm
105
49. In the figure shown a plate of mass 2m is at rest and in equilibrium. A particle of mass m is
4.5mg
released from height from upper surface of the plate; where k is spring constant of the
k
spring. The particle collides with the plate at time t = 0 and sticks to the plate. If the time when the
2 3m
spring has maximum compression is t find the value of . Neglect the duration of
k
collision.
m
4.5mg
k
2m
(3)
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Velocity of the particle just before collision
4.5mg m
u 2g u 3g
K K
Now it collides with the plate
Now just after collision velocity (V) of system of “plate + particle”
u m
mu 3mV V g
3 K
V
mg
t y=0
k
3m mg
Now system perform’s SHM with time period T 2 and mean position as distance
K K
below the point of collision.
Let the equation of motion be y = A sin t
for t = 0 y = mg/K
mg
A sin ...(1)
K
Now for amplitude V A 2 x 2
2
m K m2g 2 mg m2 g 2 2mg
g A2 3 A 2
A ...(2)
K 3m K2 K K 2
K
By (1) & (2)
A T
x to x = 0 t
2 12
x = 0 to x = A t T /4
T T 2 3m
total time
12 4 3 K
50. If the mass of the pulley shown in figure is negligible and the cord is inextensible, The natural
ka kb
angular frequency of vertical oscillation of the block of mass m is . Find ' x '
xm ka kb
(springs are ideal). Spring constant of upper spring is ka and that of lower spring is kb
ka
kb m
x
(4)
Let T be the tension in the cord and xa and xb the displacements of pulleys A and B respectively.
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x
Now assume that pulley B is fixed; then extension of spring xb or x 2 xb
2
Similarly if we imagine that pulley A is fixed, x 2 xa .But neither pulley B nor pulley A is fixed.
x 2 xa 2 xb .1
From free body diagram of pulleys,
2T kb xb ..2 or 2T ka xa 3
If keq denotes equivalent spring constant,
T
x 2 xa 2 xb
keq
From equations (2) and (3)
2T 2T
xa and xb
ka kb
1
keq
1 1
4
k a kb
keq k a kb
Hence
m 4m k a k b
(9)
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52.
53.
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54. A ball of mass 2kg is hanging from a spring, oscillates with a time period 2 seconds. If ball is
removed when it is in equilibrium position, find the contraction in spring length.
[10 m]
55. Two springs each of unstretched length 0.2 m but having different force constant K1 and K2 are
attached to opposite ends of a block of mass m on a level frictionless surface as shown in figure.
The outer ends of the springs are now attached to two pins P1 and P2,10 cm from the original
positions of the ends of springs, let K1 = 1 N/m, K2 = 3 N/m m = 0.1 kg.
i) Find the stretch of each spring when the block is in its new equilibrium position after the springs
have been attached to the pins.
ii) Find the period of the vibrations of the block if it is slightly displaced from its new equilibrium
position and released. (2 = 10)
[(i) 0.15m, 0.05m, (ii) 1 sec]
56. 1
A bar of mass m kg lying on a horizontal plane with a friction coefficient = 0.10 is attached
2
to the wall by means of non-deformed spring as shown in figure. The stiffness of the spring is
k = 2.45 Ncm–1 mass is negligible. The bar is displaced by x0 = 3.0 cm, and then released. Find: (a)
the period of oscillation of the bar, (b) the total number of oscillations that the bar performs until it
stops completely.
m kx 0
[2 , ]
k 2mg
57.
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58.
59.
60.
[v/2]
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61.
62.
[100 N/m]
64.
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65.
[0.995T]
66.
68.
69.
[2.5 cm]
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70.
72.
73.
[0.56 s]
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74.
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