Computer Fundamental Main

--mvwe©K ZË¡veav‡b--
Bdd&vZ Zvmjxgv gywbqv

‡Rbv‡ij g¨v‡bRvi ( DccwiPvjK)
GwZg I cÖwZeÜx ‡Q‡j‡g‡q‡ì KvwiMwi cÖwkÿY †K›`ª,
wkeMÄ, e¸ov
--iPbvq--
wnib¥q kg©v
Kw¤úDUvi cÖwkÿK
GwZg I cÖwZeÜx ‡Q‡j‡g‡q‡ì KvwiMwi cÖwkÿY †K›`ª,
wkeMÄ, e¸ov
‡gvevBj bs- 01324-232189
B‡gBj - hironmoy.sharma440@gmail.com
1g ms‡kvabx :- 01‡m‡Þ¤î 2020 wLª:

2q ms‡kvabx :- 01 gvP© 2022 wLª:
†hvMv‡hv‡Mi wVKvbv
I‡qemvBU- www.vtcodbg.bogra.gov.bd
B‡gBj - dd.vtcodbg.bogra.dss@gmail.com
‡dmeyK MÖæc- www.facebook.com/groups/vtcodbg
i|Pag e
&GwZg I cÖwZeÜx †Q‡j‡g‡q‡ì KvwiMwi cÖwkÿY †K›`ª, wkeMÄ, e¸ov
MARK DISTRIBUTION
THEORY (100) PRACTICLE (400)

INSTITUTE MARK BOARD MARK INSTITUTE MARK BOARD MARK TOTAL
English Trade Total English Trade Total Tutorial Job Assignment Final
10 30 40 10 50 60 100 100 200 500
DETAILS :-
TUTORIAL MARK :-40 (Pass Mark-24)
– Class Test :- 20%
– Quiz Test :- 20%
– Assignment :- 40% INSTITUTE MARK :-240
– Attendance/Behaviour :- 20% PASS MARK :-144
Practical Mark :- 200 (Pass Mark-120)
– Practical :- 100
– Job Assignment :- 100
Theory Exam :- 60 (Pass Mark-35)

– Computer :- 50
– English :- 10
Practical Exam :- 200 (Pass Mark-120) BOARD MARK :-260
PASS MARK :-155
– Practical :- 160
– Report :- 20
– Oral Exam :- 20 PASS MARK :-144
GRADING SYSTEM
NUMBER GRADE
90%=<High A+
80%-89% A
70%-79% B
60%-69% C
60%=>Low F
ii | P a g e
KvwiMwi †evW© cixÿvi UckxU c~i‡Yi wbqgvejx
OMR SHEET c~i‡Yi wbqgvejx LvZvi wfZ‡ii Ask c~i‡Yi wbqgvejx
KvwiKzjvg †KvW :- 30 cixÿvi bvg :- RvZxq `ÿZvgvb †ewmK †UªW †Kvm©
‡UªW :- 76 360 N›Uv ‡gqv`x
‡ivj :- ìKvi bvB ‡Uª‡Wi bvg :- Kw¤úDUvi Awdm Gwcø‡Kkb
‡iwR‡÷ªkb :-10 AsK wewkó †iwR‡÷ªkb Kv‡W©i bv¤^vi wkÿvµg ‡KvW :- 30
welq †KvW:- 00076 ‡mkb :- Rvbyqvix-Ryb/ {mb w`‡Z n‡e}
‡mkb ‡KvW :- Rvbyqvix-Ryb = 0021 RyjvB-wW‡m¤î/ {mb w`‡Z n‡e}
RyjvB-wW‡m¤î= 0022
1|Page
m~wPcÎ
µ.bs Aa¨vq welq Aby‡”Q` Av‡jvP¨ m~wP ‡cR
01 cÖ_g ‡ewmK Kw¤úDUvi 1.1 ‡ewmK Kw¤úDUvi 05
1.2 j¨vcUc 06
1.3 ‡W¯‹Uc I j¨vcU‡ci wewfbœ AvBKb 06
1.4 gvDm m¤ú‡K© Av‡jvPbv 07
------- Abykxjb ce© (ˆbwewËK cÖkœ I DËi) 07
02 ØxwZq Kw¤úDUv‡ii cÖKvi‡f` 2.1 Kw¤úDUvi †kÖYxwefv‡Mi WvqvMÖvg 08
2.2 Kv‡Ri aiY,cÖK…wZ I WvUvcÖ‡mwms Gi wfwË‡Z 08
Kw¤úDUv‡ii cÖKvi‡f`
2.3 AvKvi ÿgZvi wfwË‡Z Kw¤úDUv‡ii cÖKvi‡f` 09
2.4 cvi‡mvbvj Kw¤úDUvi I j¨vcU‡ci wewfbœ As‡ki 09
ZvwjKv I cwiwPwZ
2.5 gvB‡µv Kw¤úDUv‡ii cÖKvi‡f` 09
03 Z…Zxq Kw¤úDUvi msMVb 3.1 Kw¤úDUvi msMVb 11
3.2 Kw¤úDUvi msMV‡bi cÖKvi‡f` 11
3.3 I/O wWfvBm 12
3.4 GK bR‡i BbcyU.AvDUcyU I I/O wWfvB‡mi 12
D`vniY
04 PZz_© Kw¤úDUvi hš¿vsk 4.1 Kw¤úDUvi hš¿vsk 13
4.2 G·Uvb©vj hš¿vsk/ nvW©Iq¨vi 13
4.3 B›Uvb©vj hš¿vsk/ nvW©Iq¨vi 14
05 cÂg Kw¤úDUv‡ii BwZnvm 5.1 Kw¤úDUv‡ii BwZnvm 16
5.2 Kw¤úDUv‡ii cÖRb¥ 17
06 lô ‡g‡gvix 6.1 ‡g‡gvix 19
6.2 ‡g‡gvixi cÖKvi‡f` 19
6.3 K¨vk †g‡gvix 19
6.4 ¯§„wZi aviY ÿgZv 19
6.5 32 weU I 64 weU 20
6.6 i¨vg I i‡gi cv_©K¨ 21
07 mßg msL¨v c×wZ 7.1 msL¨v / AsK 23
7.2 msL¨v c×wZ 23
7.3 wewfbœ msL¨v c×wZ‡Z iæcvšÍi 24
7.4 ‡KvW 25
7.5 ‡m‡K‡Ûi cwigvc 26
2|Page
08 Aóg mdU&Iq¨vi I dvg©Iq¨vi 8.1 mdU&Iq¨vi 27
8.2 evsjv mdUIq¨vi 29
8.3 dvg©Iq¨vi 29
09 beg fvBivm I Gw›UfvBivm 9.1 fvBivm 31
9.2 Gw›UfvBivm 32
10 `kg ev‡qvm I DB‡ÛvR 10.1 ev‡qvm 34
10.2 DB‡ÛvR 07 35
11 GKv`k wewea 11.1 c~Y©iæc 38
11.2 Avwe®‹vi I Avwe®‹viK 39
11.3 evsjv‡`k I Kw¤úDUvi 40
11.4 Abykxjb ce© (ˆbwewËK cÖkœ I DËi) 40
12 Øv`k ‡ewmK Kw¤úDUvi I †ewmK 12.1 Kw¤úDUv‡ii evwn¨K Ask 42
gvB‡µvmdU IqvW© 12.2 Kw¤úDUvi DB‡ÛvR 42
12.3 gvD‡mi eënvi 43
12.4 weRq evsjv 43
12.5 ‡ewmK gvB‡µvmdU IqvW© 44
12.6 Kvm©i 45
13 Î‡qv`k d›U,dvBj I †dvìvi 13.1 d›U 47
13.2 dvBj / †dvìvi 48
13.3 ‡jLv wm‡j± / eøK Kiv 48
13.4 dvBj †gby 49
13.5 wK¬c‡evW© 49
14 PZz©`k Kx‡evW© cwiwPwZ I wcÖ›U 14.1 Kx‡evW© cwiwPwZ 51
Kivi c×wZ 14.2 wcÖ›U Kivi c×wZ 53
14.4 wcÖ›Uvi cwiwPwZ 53
14.3 cøUvi 54
15 cÂ`k Home Menubar 15.1 ‡nvg †gbyevi ( d›U mve‡gby) 56
15.2 ‡nvg †gbyevi ( c¨vivMÖvd mve‡gby) 57
15.3 ‡nvg †gbyevi (BwWwUs mve‡gby) 59
16 l‡ovk Insert Menubar 16.1 Page Submenu 60
16.2 Header/ Footer submenu 60
16.3 Table submenu 61
16.4 Illustrations submenu 62
3|Page
16.5 Link Submenu 64
16.6 Text Submenu 64
16.7 Chart 65
16.8 Symbols Submenu 67
17 mß`k Page Layout Menubar 17.1 Page Setup 70
17.2 Page Background 71
18 Aóv`k References Menubar 18.1 Table of Content 73
18.2 Footnotes 73
18.3 Citation & Bibilography 73
18.4 Captions 74
18.5 Index 74
18.6 Table of Authority 74
19 Ebwesk Mailing Merge 19.1 Mailing Merge 75
19.2 Envelop 76
20 wesk Review 20.1 Proofing 77
20.2 Track Change 78
20.3 Compare 78
20.4 Protect 78
21 GKwesk View 21.1 Document View 79
21.2 Show 79
21.3 Window 79
21.4 Macro 89
22 Øvwesk CV WRITING 22.1 Basic CV 81
22.2 Advance CV 82
23 Î‡qvwesk gvB‡µvmdU cvIqvi c‡q›U 23.1 ZvwË¡K Ask 84
24 PZ©ywesk gvB‡µvmdU G‡·m 24.1 ZvwË¡K Ask 85
25 cÂwesk B›Uvi‡bU 25.1 ZvwË¡K Ask 87
26 lôwesk KvwiMwi †ev‡W©i cÖkœ 26.1 Rvby-Ryb/ GwcÖj-Ryb/ RyjvB-‡m‡Þ¤î-2020 89
26.2 Rvby-Ryb/2019 90
26.3 Rvby-gvP©/2017 91
26.4 DËigvjv 92
4|Page
COMPUTER FUNDAMENTAL
cÖ_g Aa¨vq
Kw¤úDUv‡ii †ewmK aviYv
1.1) ‡ewmK Kw¤úDUvi :-
 Kw¤úDUvi t-Kw¤úDUvi n‡jv Ggb GKwU hš¿ hv mywbw`ó wb‡`©k AbymiY K‡i MvwYwZK KvR Lye `ªæZ Ki‡Z cv‡i|
Kw¤úDUvi kãwU MÖxK Kw¤úDU (Compute ) kã †_‡K G‡m‡Q | Compute k‡ãi A_© MYbv ev wnmve Kiv |
Kw¤úDUvi Gi g‡a¨ WvUv BbcyU Ki‡j A‡bKUv wbf©yj djvdj cvIqv hvq | GK K_vq ejv hvq, Kw¤úDUvi Ggb
GKwU B‡j±ªwb· hš¿ , hv c~‡e© wjwLZ MvwYwZK , †hŠw³K, wm×všÍg~jK wb‡`©kbv Abymv‡i DcvË/ Z_¨ msiÿY
Ki‡Z cv‡i , cÖwµqvKiY Ki‡Z cv‡i I Z_¨ cÖ`k©b Ki‡Z cv‡i Zv‡K Kw¤úDUvi e‡j|
1.1.1) Kw¤úDUvi Gi KvR t- eZ©gvb hy‡M Kw¤úDUvi Qvov †Kvb wKQzB Kíbv Kiv hvq bv | Kw¤úDUv‡i wb¤œiæc KvR Kiv
hvq| h_v:-
I. Z_¨ Av`vb cÖ`vb Kiv|
II. wWRvBb Kiv|
III. we‡bv`b I †Mg †Ljv |
IV. wnmve wbKvk ivLv |
V. WKz‡g›U ˆZix Kiv |
VI. wewfbœ wel‡q †cÖ‡R‡›Ukb ˆZix Kiv |
1.1.2) Kw¤úDUv‡ii êwkó¨ :-

1. `ªæZMwZ(High Speed) 2. ¯§„wZkw³ (Memory)
3. wbfz©jZv (Correctness) 4. ¯^qswµqZv (Automation)
5. m~ÿèZv (Accuracy) 6. hyw³MZ wm×všÍ (Logical Decision)
7. wek¦vm‡hvM¨Zv (Reliability) 8. eûgywLZv(Veracity)
9. K¬vwšÍnxbZv (Diligences) 10. Amxg RxeYxkw³ (Endless Life)
1.1.3) Kw¤úDUv‡ii eënvi :- eZ©gvb mg‡q Kw¤úDUvi wewea eënvi i‡q‡Q,Gi cÖavb eënvi ¸wj nj -
1. wk¶v‡¶‡Î | 7.wPËwe‡bv`‡bi †¶‡Î |
2.msev` gva¨‡g | 8.AbjvBb eëmv evwb‡R¨ |
3.wPwKrmv‡¶‡Î | 9. AvenvIqvi c‚ev© fv‡m |
4.e¨vswKs G | 10. UÖv‡fj UÖvÝ‡cvU© ms¯’vq |
5. M‡elYvi Kv‡R| 11. Rwic ev cwimsL¨vb Kivi myweav‡_© |
6. cÖKvkbvq | 12. wewfbœ AbjvBb †jb‡`b Gi Rb¨|
1.1.4) AvaywbK Kw¤úDUv‡ii RbK I Avwe®‹viK t-AvaywbK Kw¤úDUv‡ii RbK Pvj©m e¨v‡eR | wWdv‡iÝ BwÄb ‰Zwi
Kivi gva¨‡g Pvjm© e¨v‡eR Kw¤úDUvi ‰Zwii my¤úó aviYv †`b, ZvB Zv‡K Kw¤úDUv‡ii RbK ejv nq|
RR© nvIqvW© AvBK¨vb bv‡gi GKRb weÁvbx Pvj©m e¨v‡eR Gi A¨vbvwjwUK¨vj BwÄb eënvi K‡i cÖ_g B‡jw±Ö‡Kj
Kw¤úDUvi MARK-1 ˆZix K‡ib| GRb¨ nvIqvW© AvBK¨vb †K cÖ_g B‡jw±ÖK¨vj Kw¤úDUv‡ii Avwe®‹viK ejv
n‡q _v‡K Ges Pvj©m e¨v‡eR‡K AvazwbK Kw¤úDUv‡ii RbK ejv n‡q _v‡K|
5|Page
1.1.5) ‡W¯‹Uc I j¨vcUc Gi g‡a¨ cv_©K¨ t- Kw¤úDUvi I j¨vcU‡ci g‡a¨ wb¤œ wjwLZ cv_©K¨¸‡jv cwijwÿZ nq –
µ.bs cv_©¨‡Ki ai‡bi Kw¤úDUvi j¨vcUc
01 ¯’vb ‡W¯‹ Gi Dci †i‡L KvR Kiv nq e‡j G j¨vc ev †Kv‡ji Dci ¯’vcb K‡i
ai‡bi Kw¤úDUvi‡K †W¯‹Uc Kw¤úDUvi eënvi Kiv hvq Ggb †QvU AvKv‡ii
ejv nq| Kw¤úDUvi‡K j¨vcUc e‡j|
02 IRb IRb Zyjbvg~jKfv‡e †ewk weavq mn‡R IRb nvjKv Ges mn‡R enb Kiv
enb Kiv hvq bv| hvq|
03 cvU©m A‡bK cvU©m Avc‡M«W Kiv hvq| A‡bK cvU©m Avc‡M«W Kiv hvq bv|
04 gvDm gvD‡mi cwie‡Z© UvPc¨vW eënvi Kiv gvD‡mi cwie‡Z© UvPc¨vW eënvi Kiv
hvq bv | hvq|
05 e¨vUvix we`y¨r Gi e¨vKAvc wn‡m‡e †Kvb e¨vUvwi we`y¨r Gi e¨vKAvc wn‡m‡e e¨vUvwi
_v‡K bv| _v‡K |
1.1.6) Kw¤úDUvi Pvjy Kivi c×wZ t- Kw¤úDUvi ÷vU© Kivi Rb¨ cÖ_‡g gwbUi I wcwmi cvIqvi evU‡b wK¬K Kiæb, K‡i
wKQz¶Y A‡c¶v Kiæb, Aí mg‡qi g‡a¨ Avcbvi Kw¤úDUvi Pvjz n‡q hv‡e|
1.2) j¨vcUc :- GKwU j¨vcUc ev GKwU †bvUezK nj enb‡hvM¨ e¨w³MZ Kw¤úDUvi hv †`L‡Z wSbzK AvK…wZi Ges
ågY Dc‡hvMx| j¨vcUc Ges †bvUezK Dfq‡K c‚‡e© wfbœ aiv nZ|hwÌ eZ©gv‡b Zv gvbv nq bv | j¨vcUc wewfbœ
Kv‡R eënvi Kiv nq| †hgb- Kg©‡¶‡Î, wk¶vq Ges e¨w³MZ we‡bv`‡bi Rb¨|
1.2.1) j¨vcU‡ci RbK :- j¨vcU‡ci cÖ_g aviYv †`b Alan Kaz bvgK GKRb Av‡gwiKvb Kw¤úDUvi weÁvbx| Zvi
ˆZwi Kw¤úDUvi Kb‡m‡Þi bvg wQj Xerox PARC. wZwb 1976 mv‡j Xerox Note Taker j¨vcUc g‡Wj
wb‡q KvR K‡iwQ‡jb| Z‡e wZwb Zv Rbm¤§z‡L cÖKvk K‡ib wb|1979 mv‡j gMwiR we‡k¦i cÖ_g j¨vcU‡ci bKkv
K‡ib| wej †gvMwiR GB j¨vcU‡ci bKkvi Rb¨ Ô2010 wcÖÝ wdwjc wWRvBbvi cÖvBR bv‡g AvRxeb m¤§vbbv
czi¯‹vi jvf K‡ib| 1959 mvj †_‡K GwWbeivi kvlK KZ©…K G czi¯‹vi †Ìqv nq| GwU weÖ‡U‡bi GKwU ¯’vqx
bKkvKvi czi¯‹vi|cieZ©x‡Z Adam Osborne cÖ_g j¨vcUc D™¢veb K‡ib 1981 mv‡j| Zvi ˆZwi j¨vcUc Gi
bvg wQj ''Osborne 1'' Ges Gi g‚j¨ wQj $1,795 US.
1.3) ‡W¯‹Uc I †W¯‹Uc &Gi wewfbœ AvBKbt- cÖ_‡g Kw¤úDUvi Pvjy K‡i †h AskUv †`L‡Z cvB , Zv‡K ‡W¯‹Uc e‡j|
‡W¯‹Uc Gi wewfbœ AvBKb m¤ú‡K© wb‡P Av‡jvPbv Kiv n‡jv t-
 gvB Kw¤úDUvi (My Computer) - gvB Kw¤úDUvi AvBKb wK¬K Ki‡j Kw¤úDUv‡ii iw¶Z W«vBf¸‡jv c«`wk©Z
n‡e| c«`wk©Z W«vB‡f wK¬K K‡i Dnvi ga¨Kvi dvBj I ‡dvìvi¸‡jv ‡`Lv hv‡e| gvB WKz‡g‡›U wK¬K Ki‡j wKQz
†jvKvj WªvBf †`Lv hv‡e| †hgb- C, D , F, G BZ¨vw`|
 gvB WKy‡g›U (My Document) - GB ‡dvìv‡i wK¬K Ki‡j wewfbœ ‡c«vM«v‡g ‡mf Kiv dvBj¸‡jv ‡`Lv hv‡e|
Avgiv mvaviYZ ‡Kvb ‡c«vM«v‡g KvR Kivi ci ‡mf Ki‡j ‡mUv gvB WKy‡g‡›U ‡mf n‡q _v‡K|
 wimvB‡Kj web (Recycle Bin) - ‡Kvb dvBj ev ‡dvìvi wW‡jU Ki‡j wimvB‡Kj web G P‡j hvq| Avevi
c«‡qvRbxq ‡Kvb dvBj wimvB‡Kj web n‡Z wi‡óvi K‡i c~‡e©i b¨vq eënvi Dc‡hvMx Kiv hvq| cieZ©x‡Z dvBj I
‡dvìvi¸‡jv ¯’vqxfv‡e wimvB‡Kj web ‡_‡K gy†Q †dj hvq|
 ÷vU© evUb (Start Button) tGB evU‡bi mvnv‡h¨ ‡h ‡Kvb ‡c«vM«v‡g hvIqv hvq| ZvQvovI GB evU‡bi gva¨‡g
Kw¤úDUvi eÜ Kiv hvq|
6|Page
 Uv¯‹evi t ‡Kvb ‡c«vM«vg/dvBj/‡dvìvi I‡cb Ki‡j H ‡c«vM«v‡gi bvg Uv¯‹evi w¯Œ‡b ‡`Lv hvq| GK ev GKvwaK
‡c«vM«v‡g KvR Ki‡j Uv¯‹ev‡i ‡`Lv hv‡e| G‡¶‡Î Uv¯‹ev‡i Aew¯’Z ‡h ‡Kvb ‡c«vM«v‡g wK¬K Ki‡j ‡mB ‡c«vM«vg ivb
n‡e|
1.4) gvDm m¤ú‡K© Av‡jvPbv t- gvD‡mi mvnv‡h¨ wK¬K K‡I †h ‡Kvb ‡c«vM«vg ivb Kiv‡bv hvq| gvD‡mi Wv‡b I ev‡g
‡gvU `yBwU evUb _v‡K| gvD‡mi evg evUb‡K A¨vKkb evUb ejv nq| Bnv ‡Kvb dvBj/‡dvìvi/W«vBf G wK¬K K‡i
ivb Kiv‡bv hvq| gvD‡mi Wvb evUb‡K we‡kl ai‡bi evUb ev ‡c«vM«vg evUb ejv nq| dvBj/‡dvìvi/W«vBf Gi
Dci gvD‡mi Wvb evUb wK¬K Ki‡j KZK¸‡jv ‡c«vM«vg Ackb ‡`Lv hvq| ‡Kvb ‡Kvb gvD‡mi gvSLv‡b GKwU ¯Œj
evUb i‡q‡Q| Bnvi mvnv‡h¨ ¯Œxb DVv bvgv Kiv‡bv hvq|
 wK¬K t wK¬K ej‡Z mvaviYZ gvD‡mi evg evU‡b nvjKvfv‡e Pvc ‡`qv eySvq| wK¬K K‡i dvBj/‡dvìvi wm‡j± Kiv
hvq|
 Wvej wK¬K t Wvej wK¬K K‡i dvBj/‡dvìvi I‡cb Kiv hvq|
 W«vM t ‡Kvb dvBj/‡dvìvi ‡P‡c a‡i ¯’vbvšÍi Kiv‡K W«vM e‡j |
Abykxjb ce© (ˆbwewËK cÖkœ I DËi)

01| Kw¤úDUvi k‡ãi A_© wK? 14| Kw¤úDUv‡ii fvlv wK cÖK…wZi nq?
DËi t MYbvKvix hš¿| EËit wWwRUvj|
02| AvazwbK Kw¤úDUv‡ii RbK †K? 15| ‡bvU ezK bv‡g cwiwPZ †KvbwU?
DËit Pj©m e¨v‡eR (Bsj¨vÛ) EËit j¨vcUc|
03| wcwm A_© wK ? 16| j¨vcU‡ci †Kvb AskwU gvD‡mi KvR K‡i?
DËit Personal Computer EËit UvPc¨vW|
04| Kw¤úDUvi Gi Avwe®‹viK †K? 17| gvbe gw¯Í‡®‹i †Kvb êwkó¨ Kw¤úDUv‡i †bB?
DËit nvIqvW© AvBwKb| (hz³ivóÖ) EËit ezw× we‡ePbv|
05| Kw¤úDUv‡ii †KvbwU †bB? 18| Kw¤úDUv‡ii cÖavb ‰ewkó¨ Kx?
DËit wbR¯^ ezw× we‡ePbv| EËit µvwšÍnxbZv|
06| Kw¤úDUv‡ii eënvi bq †KvbwU? 19| Kw¤úDUv‡ii cÖavb fvlv ‡KvbwU?
DËit ¯^cœ‡`Lv| EËit Bs‡iwR|
07| gvDm wK¬K ej‡Z wK ezSvq? 20| Kw¤úDUv‡ii m‡_ Ab¨ mKj B‡j‡±ªvwb· h‡š¿i
DËit gvD‡mi evg †evZv‡g Pvcv| g‡a¨ me‡P‡q eo cv_©K¨ wK?
08| Kw¤úDUvi k‡ãi DrcwË †Kvb kã †_‡K? EËit †cÖvMÖvwgs hš¿|
DËit Compute. 21| Kw¤úDUv‡ii cÖavb ‰ewkó¨ KqwU I wK wK?
09| Kw¤úDUv‡i Kq ai‡bi WÖvBf _v‡K? EËit 2wU (wbfz©jZv, K¬vwšÍnxbZv) |
DËit 3 ai‡bi| 22| cvi‡mvbvj Kw¤úDUvi Gi KvwiMwi bvg Kx?
10| Kw¤úDUv‡ii ezw× gv&bz‡li †P‡q------------ EËit gvB‡µv Kw¤úDUvi|
DËit Kg| 23| Kw¤úDUv‡ii cÖavb êwkó¨ Kx ?
11| Kw¤úDUv‡ii RbK Pvj©m e¨v‡eR †ckvq wK wQ‡jb? EËit wbf©zjZv|
DËit MwYZwe`| 24| Kw¤úDUv‡i †jvKvj WÖvBf wb‡`©kK ¸‡jv Kx?
12| Kw¤úDUvi hš¿ †Kvb fvlv †ev‡S? EËit C, D , F, G BZ¨vw`|
DËi t-wbR¯^ fvlv| 25| Kw¤úDUv‡ii ¸Y Kx?
13| Kw¤úDUvi Kvi wb‡`©k Abzhvqx KvR K‡i? EËit GKwU msL¨v‡K evievi †hvM Kiv|
EËit gvbz‡li| 26| gvB Kw¤úDUvi nj——–
EËit WKz‡g‡›Ui †dvìvi|
7|Page
ØxwZq Aa¨vq
Kw¤úDUv‡ii cÖKvi‡f`
2.1) Kw¤úDUvi ‡kÖYx wefv‡Mi WvqvMÖvg-
Kw¤úDUv‡ii †kÖYx wefvM
cÖ‡qvM‡ÿÎ Abymv‡i ‡WUv cÖ‡mwms I Kv‡Ri

Kw¤úDUvi aiY I cÖK…wZ Abymv‡i
Kw¤úDUvi
wWwRUvj Kw¤úDUvi
we‡kl eënv‡ii
GbvjM Kw¤úDUvi (AvKvi,ÿgZv,MwZ nvBweªW Kw¤úDUvi
Kw¤úDUvi
BZ¨vw` wfwËK Kw¤úDUvi)
mvaviY eënv‡ii
mycvi Kw¤úDUvi ‡gBb‡d«g Kw¤úDUvi
Kw¤úDUvi
wgwb Kw¤úDUvi gvB‡µv Kw¤úDUvi
‡W¯‹Uc Kw¤úDUvi j¨vcUc Kw¤úDUvi
‡bvUeyK Kw¤úDUvi cvgUc Kw¤úDUvi
2.2) Kv‡Ri aib , cÖK…wZ I WvUv cÖ‡mwms Gi wfwË‡Z Kw¤úDUv‡ii cÖKvi‡f` t- Kv‡Ri aib , cÖK…wZ I WvUv cÖ‡mwms Gi
wfwË‡Z Kw¤úDUvi‡K wZb(03) fv‡M fvM Kiv hvq |
(K) GbvjM Kv¤úDUvi, (L) wWwRUvj Kw¤úDUvi, (M) nvBweªW Kw¤úDUvi |
(K) GbvjM Kv¤úDUvi t Analogy Bs‡iRx kã †_‡K Analog kãwU G‡m‡Q | GbvjM K_vi A_© mv`„k¨| Pvc,
Zvc ,Zij cÖevn BZ¨vw` cwieZ©bkxj WvUvi Rb¨ m„ó ê`y¨wZK Zi½ cwigvc K‡i GbvjM Kw¤úDUv‡ii Kvh©µg cwiPvwjZ
nq Ges m¤úvw`Z djvdj wgUvi ev Kw¤úDUv‡ii mvnv‡h¨ cÖKvk K‡i | †cUªj cv‡¤úi R¦vjvbx I g~j¨ wba©viY Kv‡R;
Mvwo, D‡ovRvnvR, gnvKvk hvb BZ¨vw` I MwZ‡eM cwigv‡ci Rb¨ GbvjM Kw¤úDUvi eënvi Kiv nq |
8|Page
(L) wWwRUvj Kw¤úDUvi t wWwRU kã †_‡K wWwRUvj kãwUi DrcwË | wWwRUvj Kw¤úDUv‡ii eY© , msL¨v,
ms‡KZ, cÖZxK, BZ¨vwì BbcyU wnmv‡e eëüZ nq | wWwRUvj Kw¤úDUvi 0 Ges 1 GB `ywU evBbvix wWwRU w`‡q me
ai‡Yi Kv‡Ri cÖwµqvKiY m¤úv`b K‡i | GB Kw¤úDUvi LyeB myÿè I wbf©yj djvdj cÖ`vb Ki‡Z cv‡i |
(M) nvBweªW Kw¤úDUvi t GbvjM I wWwRUvj Kw¤úDUv‡ii cÖhyw³i mgš^‡q wgkÖ cÖhyw³‡Z ‰Zix Kw¤úDUvi‡K
nvBeªxW Kw¤úDUvi e‡j | GbvjM Ask †ivMxi i³Pvc, ü`h‡š¿i wµqv, kix‡ii ZvcgvÎv BZ¨vw` DcvË MÖnY K‡i Ges
wWwRUvj As†k eënv‡ii Rb¨ h_v‡hvM¨ msL¨v ms‡K‡Z iæcvšÍi K‡i | wWwRUvj Ask cÖvß Z‡_ï Dci wfwË K‡i †ivMxi
Ae¯’v wbY©q K‡i |
2.3) AvKvi ,ÿgZvi wfwË‡Z Kw¤úDUv‡ii cÖKvi‡f` t- AvKvi ,ÿgZvi wfwË‡Z Kw¤úDUvi‡K 04 †kÖYx‡Z iæcvšÍi Kiv
nq |
(K) mycvi Kw¤úDUvi, (L) †gBb‡d«g Kw¤úDUvi, (M) wgwb Kw¤úDUvi, (N) gvB‡µv Kw¤úDUvi |
 mycvi Kw¤úDUvi t mycvi Kw¤úDUvi me‡P‡q kw³mvjx , `ªæZMwZm¤úbœ Ges e¨vqeûj | myÿè M‡elYv,wecyj
cwigvb Z_¨ we‡kølb, b‡fvhvb,Rw½ wegvb Ges †ÿcbv¯¿ wbqš¿b ,gnvKvk M‡elYv , cigvbyi Pzjxø BZ¨vw` †ÿ‡Î
mycvi Kw¤úDUvi eënvi Kiv nq | CRAY-1,CYBER-205 BZ¨vw` mycvi Kw¤úDUv‡ii D`vniY |
 wgwb Kw¤úDUvi t †gBb‡d«g Kw¤úDUv‡ii ‡P‡q AvKv‡i †QvU | Kw¤úDUvi Uvwg©bv‡ji gva¨‡g GKmv‡_ A‡bK
eënviKvix GwU eënvi Ki‡Z cv‡i | mvaviYZ wkí ,M‡elYv, e¨vswKs Kvh©µg mn Av‡iv A‡bK Kv‡R G ai‡Yi
Kw¤úDUvi eëüZ nq | PDP-8,IBMS/34,NCRS/9290 BZ¨vw` wgwb Kw¤úDUv‡ii D`vniY |
 †gBb‡d«g Kw¤úDUvi t †gBb‡d«g Kw¤úDUvi GKwU eo Kw¤úDUvi | hvi mv‡_ A‡bK¸‡jv †QvU Kw¤úDUvi hy³
K‡i GKmv‡_ kZvwaK †jvK KvR Ki‡Z cv‡i | exgv, ‰eÁvbxK Kg©ZrciZv cwiPvjbv, wbqš¿Y , we‡kølY Ges
gyj¨vqb Gi Rb¨ †gBb‡d«g Kw¤úDUvi eënvi Kiv nq| UNIVAC-1100/01, IBM-4341 BZ¨vw` Kw¤úDUvi
G †kÖYxi D`vniY |
 gvB‡µv Kw¤úDUvi t gvB‡µv Kw¤úDUvi n‡”Q gvB‡µv cÖ‡mmi w`‡q ‰Zix mev©‡cÿv eëüZ Kw¤úDUvi| GKwU
Kw¤úDUvi GKRb gvÎ eënvi Ki‡Z cv‡i e‡j Gi bvg cv‡m©vbvj Kw¤úDUvi | e¨w³MZ, `vßwiK, eëmvwqK,
miKvix Kv‡R G Kw¤úDUv‡ii eënvi DË‡ivËi e„w× cv‡”Q | IBM PC, Apple Machintosh BZ¨vw` gvB‡µv
Kw¤úDUv‡ii D`vniY |
2.4) cvi‡mvbvj Kw¤úDUvi I j¨vcU‡ci wewfbœ As‡ki ZvwjKv I cwiwPwZ :- gvB‡µvcÖ‡mmi Gi Dci wfwË K‡i gvB‡µv
Kw¤úDUvi‡K 2fv‡M fvM Kiv hvq |
(K) A¨vcj Kw¤úDUvi, (L) AvBweGg ev AvBweGg Kgc¨vwUej gvB‡µv Kw¤úDUvi | wb‡P we¯ÍvwiZ Av‡jvPbv Kiv n‡jv |
(K) A¨vcj Kw¤úDUvi :- 1976 mv‡j w÷f Rem I w÷f IRwbqvK gvB‡µv Kw¤úDUvi ˆZix K‡ib | c‡ii eQi A¨vcj
Kw¤úDUvi cÖwZôvb cÖwZwôZ nq | G¸‡jv‡Z g‡Uv‡ivjv ˆZix gvB‡µv cÖ‡mmi eënvi Kiv nq | GB gvB‡µvcÖ‡mmi Gi
wmwiR¸‡jv n‡jv – 6800,68000, 68040,68100 | †ekxifvM‡ÿ‡Î cÖKvkbvi Kv‡R GB Kw¤úDUvi¸‡jv eënvi Kiv
nq| D`vnib- Apple II, Apple Macintosh BZ¨vw`|
(L) AvBweGg ev AvBweGg Kgc¨vwUej gvB‡µv Kw¤úDUvi :- 1981 mv‡ji 12 B AvMó AvBweGg †Kv¤úvbx †_‡K
AvBweGg 5150 g‡W‡ji cv‡m©vbvj Kw¤úDUvi †ei nq | G‡Z B‡›U‡ji 8086 gvB‡µvcÖ‡mmi eënvi Kiv nq | G‡K
AvBweGg wcwm I ejv nq | cieZ©x‡Z AvBweGg B‡›U‡ji 80286, 80386,80486 BZ¨vw` gvB‡µvcÖ‡mmi eënvi K‡i
Avi I K‡qKwU D”P ÿgZv m¤úbœ Kw¤úDUvi evRviRvZ K‡i| eZ©gv‡b B‡›Uj ev Ab¨vb¨ †Kv¤úvwbi ˆZixK…Z Abyiæc
gvB‡µv cÖ‡mmi eënvi K‡i Av‡iv wKQz †Kv¤úvbx Zv‡ì wbR¡m bv‡g Abyiæc gvB‡µv Kw¤úDUvi evRviRvZ Ki‡Qb| G
mKj gvB‡µv Kw¤úDUvi AvBweGg Gi b¨vq AvPib K‡i e‡j G‡ì‡K K¤úvwUej ev AvBweGg †K¬vb ejv nq |
2.5) gvB‡µv Kw¤úDUv‡ii cÖKvi‡f` t- cÖhyw³i DbœwZi mv‡_ mv‡_ gvB‡µv Kw¤úDUv‡ii AvK…wZ‡Z bvbv iKg cwieZ©b
G‡m‡Q| AvK…wZi Dci wfwË K‡i gvB‡µv Kw¤úDUvi‡K Pvi(04) fv‡M fvM Kiv n‡q‡Q |
(K) †W¯‹Uc Kw¤úDUvi , (L) j¨vcUc Kw¤úDUvi, (M) †bvUeyK Kw¤úDUvi , (N) cvgUc Kw¤úDUvi |
9|Page
 †W¯‹Uc Kw¤úDUvi :- †W‡¯‹ ev †Uwe‡j ¯’vcb K‡i †h gvB‡µv Kw¤úDUvi eënvi Kiv nq , Zv‡K †W¯‹Uc
Kw¤úDUvi e‡j | eZ©gv‡b Awdm Av`vjZmn wewfbœ ¯’v‡b †W¯‹Uc Kw¤úDUvi eënvi Kiv nq |
 j¨vcUc Kw¤úDUvi :- j¨vc ev †Kv‡j ¯’vcb K‡i †h gvB‡µv Kw¤úDUvi eënvi Kiv nq, Zv‡K j¨vcUc Kw¤úDUvi
e‡j | GwU A‡bKUv weªd‡K‡mi gZ †`L‡Z | weªd‡K‡mi gZ Lyj‡j j¨vcU‡ci Dc‡ii As‡k GKwU mgZj
GjwmwW ¯Œxb †`Lv hvq | wb‡Pi As‡k _v‡K Kx‡evW© , cvIqvi evUb I UvP c¨vW | UvP c¨vW w`‡q gvD‡mi KvR
Kiv hvq | ZvQvov AwZwi³ Kx‡evW© ev gvDm jvMv‡bvi I eë¯’v Av‡Q |
 †bvUeyK Kw¤úDUvi :- j¨vcU‡ci PvB‡Z †QvU I mn‡R enb‡hvM¨ GK ai‡bi †QvU cv‡m©vbvj Kw¤úDUvi | Gi
GjwmwW gwbU‡ii mvBR 5-12 BwÂ I IRb 1 †KwRi I Kg |
 cvgUc Kw¤úDUvi :- cvg ( palm) A_©¨vr nv‡Zi Zvjyi g‡a¨ †i‡L KvR Kiv hvq , Ggb mvB‡Ri gvB‡µv
Kw¤úDUvi‡K cvgUc Kw¤úDUvi ejv nq|G‡K cv‡m©vbvj wWwRUvj G¨vwmm‡U›U (PDA) ev n¨vÛ †nì ev c‡KU
Kw¤úDUvi bv‡gI AwfwnZ Kiv hvq | ÿgZvi w`K w`‡q Ab¨vb¨ gvB‡µv Kw¤úDUv‡ii Zzjbvq GwU A‡bK `~ej © |
01| me‡P‡q kw³kvjx Kw¤úDUvi n‡jv-

EËit mzcvi Kw¤úDUvi| 11| Kv‡Ri cÖK…wZ Abzmv‡i Kw¤úDUvi †K Kq fv‡M fvM
02| Kw¤úDUvi cÖavbZ Kq cÖKvi? Kiv nq †m¸‡jv Kx Kx?
EËit 3| EËit 3 fv‡M| GbvjM, wWwRUvj, nvBweÖW|
03| ‡Kvb Kw¤úDUvi‡K cv‡m©vbvj Kw¤úDUvi ejv nq? 12| mvgwiKiY †KŠkj wbY©q, AvenvIqv c‚ev© fvm,†Zj I
EËit gvB‡µv Kw¤úDUvi| M¨vm AbzmÜvb cÖf…wZ Kv‡R eëüZ nq †Kvb Kw¤úDUvi?
04| ‡gBb‡dÖg Kw¤úDUv‡ii †QvU ms¯‹iY †KvbwU? EËit mzcvi Kw¤úDUvi |
EËit wgwb‡dÖg| 13| nvBweÖW Kw¤úDUvi Kx Kv‡R eënvi Kiv nq?
05| cvg Ug wK? EËit b‡fvhvb-G|
EËit GK ai‡Yi †QvU Kw¤úDUvi| 14| AvKvi I AvK…wZ Abzmv‡i Kw¤úDUvi KZ cÖKvi
06| Kv‡Ri aiY I cÖK…wZi Dci wbf©i K‡i Kw¤úDUvi EËit Pvi cÖKvi|
‡K KZfv‡M fvM Kiv hvq? 15| AvB.we.Gg 1620 Kw¤úDUviwU Kx ai‡bi
EËit 3 fv‡M| KgwcDUvi ?
07| ‡Kvb Kw¤úDUvi cwigvc c×wZ‡Z KvR K‡i? EËit †gBb‡dÖg Kw¤úDUvi |
EËit A¨vbvjM KgwcDUvi| 16| †KvbwU‡K wiW‡iÄ Kw¤úDUvi ejv nq ?
08| evsjv‡`‡k KqwU mzcvi Kw¤úDUvi i‡q‡Q? EËit wgwb‡dÖg Kw¤úDUvi |
EËit GKwU I bq| 17|gvB‡µv k‡ãi A_© wK?
09| evsjv‡`‡ki cÖ_g Kw¤úDUviwU wK wQj? DËit ¶z`ÖvKvi|
EËit †gBb‡dÖg| 18| gvB‡µv Kw¤úDUv‡ii g~j Ask wK?
10| PDA †Kvb ai‡bi Kw¤úDUvi? DËit gvB‡µvc«‡mmi|
EËit gvB‡µv Kw¤úDUvi|
10 | P a g e
Z…Zxq Aa¨vq
Kw¤úDUvi msMVb
3.1) Kw¤úDUvi msMVb :- Kw¤úDUvi wewfbœ cÖKvi hš¿ ev hš¿vs‡ki mgš^‡q MwVZ| Kw¤úDUv‡ii wewfbœ hš¿vs‡ki g‡a¨
h_vh_ ms‡hvM ¯’vc‡bi gva¨‡g ˆZwi nq c‚Y©v½ Kw¤úDUvi| Kw¤úDUv‡ii wewfbœ hš¿vs‡ki g‡a¨ ms‡hvM ¯’vc‡bi web¨vmB
n‡”Q Kw¤úDUvi msMVb| Avi hš¿vsk¸‡jv‡K nvW©Iq¨vi ejv nq |
3.2) cÖKvi‡f` :- Kw¤úDUv‡ii nvW©Iq¨vi‡K wZbwU fv‡M fvM Kiv hvq| h_v-
(K) BbczU Ask (Input Unit)

(L)cÖwµqvvKiY Ask (Processing Unit)
(M) AvDUczU Ask (Output Unit)
Avi GB wZbUv As‡ki ms‡hvM †K ejv nq Kw¤úDUvi msMVb| wb‡P WvqvMÖv‡gi mvnv‡h¨ †`Lv‡bv n‡jv-
(K) BbczU Ask (Input Unit) :- Kw¤úDUvi‡K wb‡`©k cÖ`v‡bi Rb¨ †h mg¯Í hš¿ ev hš¿vsk eëüZ nq †m¸‡jv‡K BbczU
wWfvBm ev BbczU hš¿vsk e‡j| †hgb- Kx †evW©, gvDm, ¯‹¨vbvi, KvW© wiWvi, †ccvi wiWvi, nvW©wW¯‹, d¬wcwW¯‹ I wmwW
WÖvBf BZ¨vw`|
(L) cÖwµqvKiY Ask (Processing Unit) :- Kw¤úDUv‡ii me †_‡K ¸iæZ¡c‚Y© Ask nj cÖwµqvKiY Ask| Bnv
Kw¤úDUv‡ii gw¯Í¯‹¯îæc| wbqš¿Y, MvwYwZK hzw³ Ask Ges †g‡gvwi- Kw¤úDUv‡ii G wZbwU Ask‡K cÖwµqvKiY Ask
e‡j| CPU-Gi wZbwU Ask wb‡P †Ìqv nj-
 MvwYwZK hzw³ Ask/Arithmetic Logic Unit: G As‡k MvwYwZK mgm¨vi mgvavb K‡i| cÖ‡qvRb n‡j MYbvi
djvdj ALU (Arithmetic Logic Unit) †Z Rgv _v‡K A_ev cÖavb †g‡gvwi‡Z cvwV‡q †Ìqv nq|
 wbqš¿Y Ask (Control Unit): wbqš¿Y Ask Kw¤úDUv‡ii mKj KvR wbqš¿Y K‡i| eënviKvix KZ©…K cÖ`Ë
wb‡`©k Abzhvqx RAM I ROM G mwÂZ, Kw¤úDUv‡ii Ab¨vb¨ Ask‡K wbqš¿Y I WvUv msi¶Y K‡i|
 ‡iwR÷vi †g‡gvwi Ask(Register Memory) : †g‡gvwi ev ¯§…wZ n‡”Q Kw¤úDUv‡ii GKwU Ask, †hLv‡b Z_¨
Rgv _v‡K| GB Register Memory CPU Gi g‡a¨ Ae¯’vb K‡i | mg¯Í WvUv hv Kw¤úDUv‡ii g‡a¨ cÖ‡mm nq,
Zv GB †iwR÷vi ¸‡jvi ga¨ w`‡q AwZevwnZ nq | eënv‡ii Dci wfwË K‡i Register Memory wewfbœ cÖKvi
n‡Z cv‡i | ‡hgb- Data Register, Accumulator register, instructor register BZ¨vw`|
11 | P a g e
(M) AvDUczU Ask (Output Unit):- Kw¤úDUv‡i WvUv I wb‡`©kvejx cÖwµqvKi‡Yi djvdj ev AvDUczU As‡ki gva¨‡g
cÖ`k©b Kiv nq| mvaviYZ eënviKvixiv G As‡ki gva¨‡g djvdj †`L‡Z cv‡i| wewfbœ ai‡bi AvDUczU hš¿ ‡`L‡Z
cvIqv hvq| G‡KK ai‡bi hš¿ G‡KKfv‡e djvdj cÖ`k©b K‡i _v‡K| †hgb- gwbUi,¯úxKvi, cÖ‡R±i,wcÖ›Uvi BZ¨vw` |
3.3) I/O wWfvBm :- †h ai‡bi wWfvBm BbcyU I AvDUcyU Dfq fv‡eB eënvi Kiv hvq , Zv‡K BbcyU / AvDUcyU
wWfvBm e‡j | G‡ì‡K I/O wWfvBm Øviv cÖKvk Kiv nq | †hgb- †cbWªvBf, wmwW, wWwfwW BZ¨vw`|
3.3.1) Pen Drive †K I/O ejv nq †Kb t-†cb W«vBf Kw¤úDUv‡ii GKwU mnvqK †g‡gvwi wnmv‡e eënvi Kiv nq| Gi
mvnv‡h¨ WvUv †hgb BbcyU Kiv hvq †Zgwb AvDUcyUK…Z WvUv †÷vi Kiv hvq,weavq GB mnvqK †g‡gvwi GKB mv‡_ BbcyU
I AvDUcy‡Ui KvR K‡i| G Kvi‡Y †cb W«vBf‡K I/O wWfvBm ejv nq|
3.4) GK bR‡i BbcyU, AvDUcyU I I/O wWfvB†mi D`vniY :-
Input Devices Output Devices Both Input & Output Devices

Camera, Digital Camera Monitor , Visual Desplay unit Modem
Joystick, Gamepad Speaker, Headphone Pen drive
Keyboard, Mouse Printer, Network card
Scanner, OMR Plotter Audio card/Sound card
Microphone, Webcam Projector, Film Recorder Touch screen
01| †Kvb KvR Kivi Rb¨ Kw¤úDUvi‡K wK cÖ`vb Ki‡Z 10| Kw¤úDUvi ‡Kgb K‡i KvR K‡i?
nq? EËit BbczU-wmwcBD-AvDUczU|
EËit Z_¨ ev WvUv| 11| wm.wc.BD †K Kq fv‡M fvM Kiv hvq ?
02| Kw¤úDUvi wKfv‡e Z_¨ cÖwµqvi KvR K‡i? উঃ- তিন ভাগে।
EËit wb‡`©k Abzhvqx| Arithmetic Logic Unit, Control Unit,
03| Kw¤úDUv‡ii AvDUczU hš¿ bq †KvbwU? Register Memory
EËit ¯‹¨vbvi| 12| †iwR÷vi n‡”Q ——
04|Kw¤úDUvi fzj djvdj cÖ`k©b Ki‡j ezS‡Z n‡e- EËit †K›`Öxq cÖwµqv Ki‡Yi As‡k A¯’vqx Z_¨ avi‡Yi
EËit WvUv BbczU Kivq fzj n‡q‡Q| ¯’vb|
05|BbczU wWfvBm †KvbwU? 13|MvwYwZK djvdj msiÿ‡Yi Rb¨ †Kvb †iwR÷vi
EËit wK‡evW©| eënvi Kiv nq?
06|AvDUczU wWfvBm †KvbwU? EËit A¨vKz‡gv‡jUi †iwR÷vi|
EËit gwbUi| 14| wcÖ›Uvi †Kvb ai‡bi hš¿?
07|jvBU‡cb n‡jv GK ai‡Yi- EËit AvDUczU wWfvBm|
EËit BbczU wWfvBm| 15| Kw¤úDUv‡ii nvW©Iqvi‡K KZfv‡M fvM Kiv hvq?
08| wWwRUvj K¨v‡giv wK ai‡bi wWfvBm? EËit wZbfv‡M|
EËit BbczU wWfvBm| 16| MICR ‡Kvb ai‡bi wWfvBm ?
09|gvDm ‡Kvb ai‡bi wWfvBm?
DËi :- BbcyU wWfvBm
EËit BbczU wWfvBm|
12 | P a g e
PZz_© Aa¨vq
Kw¤úDUv‡ii hš¿vsk
4.1) Kw¤úDUv‡ii hš¿vsk :- Kw¤úDUv‡ii hš¿vsk‡K nvW©Iqvi I ejv nq | Kw¤úDUv‡ii hš¿vsk‡K `yB fv‡M fvM Kiv
hvq |
(K) G·Uvb©vj hš¿vsk : gwbUi, Kx‡evW©, gvDm, g‡Wg, †cbWªvBf BZ¨vw` |

(L) B›Uvb©vj hš¿vsk : cvIqvi mvcøvB, gv`vi‡evW© Ges gv`vi‡ev‡W©i mv‡_ mshy³ mg¯Í wKQz |
4.2) G·Uvb©vj hš¿vsk/nvW©Iq¨vi t- Kw¤úDUv†ii K¨vwms bv Ly‡j Avgiv †h hš¿vsk ¸‡jv †`L‡Z cvB, ZvB G·U©vbvj
h†š¿i AšÍ©fz³ | ‡hgb- gwbUi, gvDm, Kx‡evW©, wcÖ›Uvi, wmwW BZ¨vw` |
 gwbUi: Kw¤úDUv‡ii hveZxq Kvh©µg cÖ`k©‡bi Rb¨ †h c`©v eënvi Kiv nq Zv‡K mnR fvlvq gwbUi e‡j| c`©vq
†h Qwe cÖ`wk©Z nq Zv ¶zÎ ¶z`Ö WU Gi mgwói cÖwZ”Qwe| GB WU¸‡jv‡K wc‡·j e‡j| cÖhzw³i Dci wfwË K‡i
gwbUi 2 cÖKvi| h_v- 1. wmAviwU gwbUi I 2. GjwmwW/GjBwW gwbUi|
 gvDm: gvDm GKwU BbczU wWfvBm| Bnvi mvnv‡h¨ †WUv BbczU I wb‡`©k cÖ`vb Kiv nq| gvD‡m mvavibZt Wv‡b I
ev‡g 2wU evUb _v‡K| gvD‡mi gvSLv‡b GKwU ¯Œj evUb _v‡K| gvD‡mi evg cv‡ki †evZvg †P‡c KgvÛ cÖ`vb
Kiv nq| GQvovI †h †Kvb †cÖvMÖv‡gi Dci evg evUb †P‡c †cÖvMÖvg Pvjz Kiv hvq| Wvbcv‡ki evUbwU we‡kl †¶‡Î
cÖ‡qvRb n‡q _v‡K| gvSLv‡bi ¯Œj evUbwUi mvnv‡h¨ Dc‡i I wb‡Pi †jLv¸‡jv †`Lv †h‡Z cv‡i| †Kvb †dvìvi ev
dvBj gvD‡mi evg evUb wK¬K K‡i wm‡j± Kiv hvq|
 wcÖ›Uvi: wcÖ›Uvi GKwU AvDUczU wWfvBm| Kw¤úDUv‡ii Z_¨ cÖwµqvKi‡bi djvdj‡K wjwLZ AvKv‡i cvIqvi Rb¨
wcÖ›Uvi eënvi Kiv nq|
 cøUvi: cøUvi n‡”Q GK ai‡bi wcÖ›Uvi we‡kl AvDUczU wWfvBm | Qwe ev MÖvd ,AvwK©‡UKPv‡i wcÖ›U, bKkv,g¨vcmn
A‡bK †ekx PIov KvM‡R wcÖ›U Kiv hvq| cøUvi `z'iKg| h_v- d¬¨vU †eW cøUvi (Flat bed Plotter) I WÖvg cøUvi
(Drum Plotter)
 wmwW (Compact Disk) t wmwW Kw¤úDUv‡ii BbczU I AvDUczU wWfvB‡mi KvR K‡i _v‡K| Bnvi gva¨‡g
†WUv/Qwe GK Kw¤úDUvi †_‡K Ab¨ Kw¤úDUv‡i †bqv hvq| Bnvi avib¶gZv 650 †_‡K 800 †gMvevBU ch©šÍ
n‡q _v‡K|
 wWwfwW (Digital Versatile Disk) t wWwfwW Gi c‚Y© bvg wWwRUvj fvm©vUvBj wW¯‹| wmwWi g‡Zv wWwfwWI
Kw¤úDUv‡ii GKwU BbczU/AvDUczU wWfvBm| Z‡e wmwWi †P‡q wWwfwW †ekx aviY¶gZv m¤úbœ| G‡Z
Kw¤úDUv‡ii †WUv msi¶Y Kv‡R eënvi Kiv nq| ZvQvov Mvb, wfwWI I wewfbœ ai‡bi Qwe msi¶Y K‡i ivLv
hvq|
 †cb WÖvBf: †cb WÖvBf Kw¤úDUv‡ii GKwU mnvqK †g‡gvwi wnmv‡e eënvi Kiv nq| †cb WÖvB‡fi gva¨‡g †WUv,
Z_¨vw`, †cÖvMÖvg ev Ab¨vb¨ mdUIq¨vi GK Kw¤úDUvi n‡Z Ab¨ Kw¤úDUv‡i ¯’vbvšÍi Kiv hvq| Riæix I ¸iæZ¡c‚Y©
Z_¨vw` A‡bK mgq Kw¤úDUv‡ii nvW©wW¯‹ †_‡K gz‡Q †h‡Z cv‡i| GB gz‡Q hvevi nvZ †_‡K i¶v cvIqvi Rb¨
†cb WÖvB‡f †WUv ¯’vqxfv‡e msi¶Y Kiv nq| †cb WÖvBf wewfbœ †Kv¤úvbxi I wewfbœ avib¶gZv m¤úbœ n‡q _v‡K|
evRv‡i wewfbœ †Kv¤úvbxi 512 wMMvevBU ch©šÍ †cbWÖvBf cvIqv hvq|
13 | P a g e
 ¯‹¨vbvi: ¯‹¨vbvi GKwU BbczU wWfvBm| Gi gva¨‡g K¨v‡givq †Zvjv Qwe, gzw`ÖZ †Kvb Qwe ev †jLv ûezû
Kw¤úDUv‡ii BbczU Kivi Kv‡R eëüZ n‡q _v‡K| D³ BbczUK…Z Z_¨ Kw¤úDUv‡i msi¶b K‡i ivLv hvq Ges
cieZ©x‡Z wcÖ›U AvKv‡iI †ei Kiv hvq|
4.3) B›Uvb©vj hš¿vsk /nvW©Iq¨vi :- nvW©wW¯‹,cvIqvi mvcøvB,gv`vi‡evW© Ges gv`vi‡ev‡W©i mv‡_ m¤úK©hy³ mg¯Í wKQz‡KB
B›U©vbvj hš¿vsk e‡j|
 nvW©wW¯‹ t Bnv Kw¤úDUv‡ii GKwU eo †÷v‡iR wWfvBm| Bnvi g‡a¨ A‡bK †WUv ivLv hvq| Kw¤úDUv‡i KvR
Kivi ci msi¶Y Ki‡j mvaviYZt nvW©wW‡¯‹ ¯’vqxfv‡e Rgv _v‡K| Kw¤úDUvi Ad Ki‡jI nvW©wW‡¯‹ Rgv _vKv
Z_¨ gz‡Q hvq bv| Gi avib ¶gZv eZ©gv‡b 1 †UivevBU Gi Dci ch©šÍ n‡q _v‡K|
 gv`vi‡evW© :- gv`vi‡evW© GKwU wcÖ‡›UW mvwK©U †evW© | &G‡K Main Board, Base Board, System Board,
Logic Board, Printed wire Board I ejv nq |
 wmwcBD ¯øU (cpu slot) :- wmwcBD †hUv mv`v i‡Oi Pvi‡Kvbv †evW©| GB †ev‡W© wmwcBD ev cÖ‡mmi emvbv
 nq|‡hgb- Wzqvj †Kvi,i3,i5 BZ¨vw`| ‡mvRvfv‡e gv`vi‡ev‡W© cÖ‡mmi A¨vW Ki‡j ILv‡b emv‡Z n‡e|
 wmwcBD d¨vb I wnUwmsK gvDw›Us (cpu fan & Heat sink Mounting Points) :- wmwcBD †K VvÛv ivLvi
Rb¨ Kzwjs d¨vb ev wnUwmsK gvDw›Us emv‡Z nq|
 cvIqvi ms‡hvRK (ATX power connector):- gv`vi‡evW© G hZ B‡jKwUÖK cvIqvi Gi cÖ‡qvRb nq †mUv
GB wc‡bi g‡a¨ w`‡q cvIqvi mvcøvB UªvÝdvi K‡i| gv`vi †ev‡W© mvavibZ 20 pin power connector I 4
pin power connector ‡`L‡Z cvIqv hvq |
 i¨vg ¯øU (Ram Slot) :- Gi c‡i †h ¯øU †`L‡Z cvIqv hvq, †mLv‡b ram Bb÷j Ki‡Z nq | GLv‡b 2 Uv ¯øU
Av‡Q hvi d‡j i¨vg evov‡bv †h‡Z cv‡i|
 AvBwWB ms‡hvM (IDE connector) :- IDE Gi c~Y©iæc n‡jv Integrated Drive Electronics. GB †cv†U©i
mvnv‡h¨ Av‡M nvW©wW¯‹ ev AcwUK¨vj wWfvBm Kv‡b± Kiv nZ| Z‡e eZ©gv‡b GB connector eënvi Kiv nq bv
ej‡jB P‡j|
 b_©weÖR (Northbridge) :- wP‡Î KvuUvi g‡Zv wRwblwU‡K wnUwmsK e‡j| Gi wb‡P A‡bK †QvU‡QvU gvB‡µvwPc
Av‡Q hv‡K b_©weÖR e‡j| mvaviYZ GB wPc ¸‡jv wmwcBD,ram †K g¨v‡bR K‡i| GB gvB‡µvwPc hw` Mig n‡q
hvq Zvn‡j wnUwmsK †mB Zvc †K †kvlY K‡i †bq|
 GwRwc (AGP slot):- GwU Kv‡jv is Gi ¯øU| GB Kv‡jv i‡Oi ¯ø‡U MÖvwd· KvW© †K Bb÷j Ki‡Z nq|
Kw¤úDUv‡i nvB MÖvwd· †Mg †Lj‡Z n‡j, GLv‡b G·Uvb©vj MÖvwd· KvW© emv‡Z cviv hv‡e|
14 | P a g e
 mvD_weÖR (Southbridge):- GLv‡b A‡bK †QvU ‡QvU gvB‡µvwPc emv‡bv _v‡K, hv GKwU MÖæc n‡q KvR K‡i| G‡K
mvD_weÖR e‡j| mvaviYZ GwU (I/O) †cvU© h_v usb, serial, IDE BZ¨vw` wbqš¿Y K‡i|
 wcwmAvB ¯øU (PCI slot):- PCI Gi dzj wgwbs n‡jv Peripheral Component Interconnect. GLv‡b G·Uv
g‡Wg,wUwf KvW©,mvDÛ KvW©,‡bUIqvK© wWfvBm,wfwWI KvW© BZ¨vw` A¨vW Kiv hvq|
 wmgm e¨vUvix (CMOS battery) :- CMOS Gi dzj wgwbs n‡jv Complementary Metal Oxide
Semiconductor. †Mvj cvU©‡K CMOS e¨vUvix e‡j| GB e¨vUvixi mvnv‡h¨ Kw¤úDUv‡i †WU,UvBg Avc‡WU nq| GQvov
gv`vi‡evW© Gi evqm †mwUs †mf _v‡K|
 AwWI †cvU© (Audio port):- GB †cvU©¸‡jv‡Z †h‡Kv‡bv w¯úKvi, gvBK, ‡nW‡dvb jvMv‡bv hvq|
 USB †cvU© :- GB USB †cv‡U© †h‡Kv‡bv USB wWfvBm h_v- gvDm,Kx‡evW©,‡cbWÖvBf,‡g‡gvwi KvW© BZ¨vw` Kv‡b± Kiv
hvq|
 wfwRG †cvU© (VGA port):- mvavibZ: VGA †cvU©wU Kv‡jv is Gi nq| GB †cv‡U©i mvnv‡h¨ Kw¤úDUv‡i gwbUi ev LCD
Kv‡b± nq|
01| †KvbwU Kw¤úDUv‡ii mKj Kvh©µg wbqš¿Y K‡i? 15| g‡Wg †Kvb ai‡bi hš¿?
DËit wm.wc.BD | EËit BbczU I AvDUczU hš¿, hv Z_¨ Av`vb-cÖ`vb K‡i
02| Kw¤úDUv‡ii †eÖBb ejv nq Kv‡K? _v‡K|
DËit gvB‡µv cÖ‡mmi‡K| 16| ‡Kvb h‡š¿i mvnv‡h¨ Kw¤úDUvi fvlv †K
03| Kw¤úDUv‡ii cÖavb wcÖ‡›UW †evW©‡K wK ejv nq| †Uwj‡dv‡bi fvlvq Ges †Uwj‡dv‡bi fvlv‡K
DËit gv`vi‡evW©| Kw¤úDUv‡ii fvlvq iæcvšÍi K‡i Z_¨ ‡cÖiY I MÖnY Kiv
04| `zwU Kw¤úDUvi †Uwj‡dvb jvB‡bi mv‡_ mshz³ hvq?
K‡i? EËit g‡Wg|
EËit g‡Wg| 17| gv`vi‡ev‡W© mv‡_ mshz³ _v‡K wK?
05| gvDm‡K Szwj‡q ai‡bi wK‡mi g‡Zv †`Lvq? EËit cÖ‡mmi I i¨vg|
EËit Bùz‡ii gZ| 18| †KvbwU †÷v‡iR wWfvBm?
06| wmwcBD Gi Ask bq †KvbwU? EËit nvW©wW¯‹|
EËit ‡g‡gvwi| 19| ZR©bx Av½yj w`‡q gvD‡mi †evZvg Pvc w`‡q †Q‡o
07| wcwm ˆZix‡Z Avek¨K bq †KvbwU? †`qv‡K Kx e‡j?
EËit wcÖ›Uvi| EËit wK¬K Kiv|
08| ‡cb WÖvBf cÖ_g KLb evRv‡i Av‡m? 20| gvDm c‡q›Uvi †Kv_vq AvB.we.Gg G iƒcvšÍwiZ
EËit 2000 mv‡j| nq?
09| ‡Mgm †Ljvi Rb¨ Avjv`v †cvU© _v‡K †Kv_vq? EËit †jLv‡jwLi †fZ‡i|
EËit MÖvwd· Kv‡W©| 21|wW.wf.wW †Kvb ai‡bi ¯§…wZ?
10| KZ mv‡j cÖ_g nvW©wW· ˆZix nq? EËit mnvqK ¯§…wZ|
EËit 1956 mv‡j| 22| nvW©wW¯‹ Kx?
11| ‡cbWÖvBf Gi Aci bvg wK? EËit Kw¤úDUv‡ii mnvqK ¯§…wZ|
EËit d¬vk WÖvBf| 23| md&UIq¨v‡ii AšÍf©‚³ bq †KvbwU?
12| gvD‡m KqwU evUb _v‡K? DËit gwbUi|
EËit 2wU| 24| gvB‡µvKw¤úDUv‡ii me wKQz GKÎ _vKv‡K wK
13| কw¤úউটাগেে স্পেশাল তিভাইস স্পকানটি? e‡j?
EËit gv`vi‡evW©| DËi : jwRK‡evW©|
14| wm.wc.BD †K Kq fv‡M fvM Kiv hvq ? 25| Kw¤úDUv‡ii †¯úkvj wWfvBm †KvbwU?
EËit তিন ভাগে। Central Processing Unit, DËi :- gv`vi‡evW©|
Input, Output .
15 | P a g e
cÂg Aa¨vq
Kw¤úDUv‡ii BwZnvm
5.1) Kw¤úDUv‡ii BwZnvmt- wb‡P QK Gi gva¨‡g Kw¤úDUv‡ii BwZnvm m¤ú‡K© avivevwnKfv‡e eY©bv Kiv n‡jv |
mgqvj D™¢veb D™¢veK h‡š¿i eY©bv gšÍe¨
Lªxó c~e© 3000 A¨vevKvm Pxb | GB h‡š¿ wKQz †Mvj PvKwZ Kw¤úDUv‡ii 1g wPšÍvi
eQi c~‡e© _vK‡Zv | GwU Nywi‡q m~ÎcvZ I ïaygvÎ
MYbvi KvR Kiv n‡Zv | MYbvi Kv‡R eëüZ
nq|
1642 mvj c¨vm‡KjvBb m¨vi ‡eøBR c¨vm‡Kj| PvKwZi cwie‡Z© ùvZhy³
PvKv eëüZ nq|
1694 mvj ‡÷cW †i‡Kvbvi MU‡dªW DBj‡ng fb †jBe‡bR| ------- c¨vm‡K‡jb h‡š¿i DbœZ
ms¯‹iY |
1833 mvj wWdv‡iÝ BwÄb Pvj©m e¨v‡eR| GB hš¿ As‡Ki cvkvcvwk AvaywbK Kw¤úDUv‡ii
/GbvjvBwUKvj hš¿ Z_¨ wb‡qI KvR K‡i| RbK ejv nq Pvj©m
e¨‡eR‡K |
1890 mvj AvB.we.Gg Wt nvig¨vb| GbvjvBwUKvj h‡š¿i mv‡_
GKwU †Uey‡jkb kxU Ry‡o
†`q |
1944 mvj gvK©-1 nvIqvW© A¨vB‡Kb, †MÖm †nvcvi| Gwbqv‡Ki †P‡q wKQzUv cÖ_g B‡j±ªwb·
‡QvU I Av‡iKUz wWwRUvj Kw¤úDUvi|
ÿgZvm¤úbœ B‡j±ªwb·
wWfvBm|
1946 mvj BwbqvK Rb gmwj I †cÖmcvi GK©Vu | AvKv‡i e„nr| we‡k¦i cÖ_g cÖR‡b¥i
cÖ_g B‡j±ªwb·
Kw¤úDUvi|
1948 mvj UªvbwR÷vi eviwWb,eªvUvb, kKwj| Kw¤úDUv‡ii mv‡_ mshy³
K‡i Kw¤úDUv‡ii
Kvh©ÿgZv e„w× K‡i|
1951 mvj BDwbf¨vK-1 hy³iv‡óªi i¨vwg‡Us eªvÛ bvgK cÖ_g evwbwR¨K wfwËK
†Kv¤úvwb| Kw¤úDUvi |
1971 mvj gvB‡µv cÖ‡mmi hy³iv‡óªi B‡›Uj †Kv¤úvbx | Kw¤úDUvi AvKv‡i †QvU
nq I Kv‡Ri MwZ e„w×
cvq|
1GwcÖj, 1976 A¨vcj Kw¤úDUvi w÷f Rem, w÷f IRwbqvK, A¨vc‡ji cÖ_g cY¨
mvj †ivbvì I‡qb IRwbqvK| A¨vcj-2 |
1981 mvj cv‡m©vbvj Kw¤úDUvi hy³iv‡óªi AvB.we.Gg †Kv¤úvbx| eZ©gv‡b eëüZ

ev wcwm Kw¤úDUvi|
16 | P a g e
5.2)Kw¤úDUvi cÖRb¥ :- Kw¤úDUv‡ii BwZnvm‡K cuvPwU cÖR‡b¥ wef³ Kiv n‡q‡Q | cÖwZwU cÖR‡b¥i êwkó¨ wb‡P †Ìqv
n‡jv|
 cÖ_g cÖRb¥ (1940-1956) t
 f¨vKzqvg wUDe I wewfbœ ai‡bi ‰e`y¨wZK eZ©bxi eënvi|
 axiMwZ m¤úbœ MYbvKvix hš¿|
 AvKv‡i A‡bK eo |
 †gwkb fvlvi wb‡`©k cÖ`vb |
 ‡g‡gvix wnmv‡e g¨vM‡bwUK Wªv‡gi eënvi |
 D`vnib-IBM-650,ENIAC, EDVAC,EDSAC
 wØZxq cÖRb¥ (1957-1963) t

 UªvbwR÷‡ii eënvi ïiæ nq |
 D”PMwZm¤úbœ I DbœZgv‡bi BbcyU-AvDUcyU eë¯’vi cªPjb|
 †Uwj‡dvb jvBb eënvi K‡i WvUv †cÖi‡bi eë¯’v |
 AwaK wbf©i‡hvM¨Zv |
 ev¯ÍweK †ÿ‡Î Kw¤úDUvi eënv‡ii ïiæ |
 D`vnib-IBM-1401,IBM-1620,RCA-301,RCA-501
 Z„Zxq cÖRb¥(1964-1970) t
 Kw¤úDUvi GKxfzZ eZ©bxi (IC) cÖPjb |
 AvK…wZ‡Z †QvU, `vg Kg Ges ÿgZv e„w×|
 D”PZi fvlvi eûj eënvi |
 wgwb Kw¤úDUv‡ii D™¢e |
 Aa©cwievnx ¯§„wZi eënvi|
 D`vnib-IBM-360,IBM-370,PDP-8
 PZz_© cÖRb¥ (1971-eZ©gvb) t
 K…wÎg eyw×gËvi eënvi |
 UªvbwR÷i ¸‡jv‡Z AcwUKvj dvBev‡ii eënvi |
 WvUv avib ÿgZvi e¨cK DbœwZ|
 AZ¨šÍ kw³kvjx I D”PMwZm¤úbœ gvB‡µvcÖ‡mmi Gi eënvi|
 mycvi Kw¤úDUv‡ii Dbœqb|
 D`vnib-IBM-3033, IBM-4300,Pentium1-4, Sharp PC-1211
 cÂg cÖRb¥ (fwel¨r) t
 K…wÎg eyw×gËvm¤úbœ|
 AwaK kw³kvjx gvB‡µvcÖ‡mmi|
 gvby‡li KÚ¯^‡ii gva¨‡g cÖ`Ë wb‡`©‡ki Abyaveb|
 wfRyqvj BbcyU ev Qwe †_‡K WvUv MÖn‡bi c×wZ|
 KIPS( Knowledge Information Processing System)Gi eënvi|
 Super VLSL( Very Large Scale Integration) wPc AeZib Kiv n‡q‡Q|
17 | P a g e
01| IC wPc w`‡q ˆZix cÖ_g wWwRUvj Kw¤úDUvi- 20|wWdv‡iÝ BwÄb hš¿ ‰Zix nq KZ mv‡j?
DËit -Intel 4004. EËit 1833 mv‡j|
02|‡Kvb †Kv¤úvwbi gvB‡µvcÖ‡mmi w`‡q AvBweGg 21| gvB‡µvcÖ‡mmi Avwe®‹v‡ii mvj-?
wcwm ˆZix? EËit 1971 mv‡j|
DËit - B‡›Uj| 22| Pvj©m e¨v‡eR ‡Kvb hš¿ ‰Zwi K‡ib?
03| ïiæ‡Z Kw¤úDUvi w`‡q †Kvb KvRwU Kiv‡bv nZ? EËit wWdv‡iÝ BwÄb|
EËit MYbvi| 23| me©cÖ_g evwYwR¨K wfwË‡Z ‰Zwi B‡jKUªwb·
04| IBM PC cÖ_g evRv‡i Av‡m? Kw¤úDUvi wK?
EËit 1981mv‡j| EËit BDwbf¨vK|
05| Apple Computer KZ mv‡j evRv‡i Av‡m- 24| cÖ_g gvB‡µvcÖ‡mmi ‰Zwi K‡i ‡Kvb cÖwZôvb?
EËit 1976mv‡j| EËit A¨vcj|
06|c…w_exi cÖ_g ¯^qswµq MYbvi h‡š¿i bvg? 25|‡Kvb mv‡j AvB.we.Gg wcwm bv‡g gvB‡µv
EËit MARK-1| Kw¤úDUvi evRv‡i Qv‡o?
07|‡Kvb †Kv¤úvwb cÖ_‡g cv‡m©vbvj Kw¤úDUvi ˆZix EËit 1981mv‡j|
K‡i? 27| KZ mv‡j UÖvbwR÷vi D™¢veb Kiv nq ?
EËit A¨vcj| EËit 1948 mv‡j|
08|c…w_exi cÖ_g ¯^qswµq MYbv h‡š¿i bvg? 28| B‡›Uj †Kvb †`‡ki †Kv¤úvwb?
EËit hz³ivóÖ|
EËit MARK-1 .
29| cÖ_g MYbv h‡š¿i bvg Kx?
09|gvK©-1 Gi ˆ`N¨© wQj-
EËit A¨vevKvm|
EËit 51 dzU j¤^v|
30|wcwWwc-8‡Kvb cÖR‡b¥i Kw¤úDUvi?
10| ivwkqvi G¨vevKvk‡K Kx ejv nq?
EËit wØZxq
EËit ‡¯‹vwUqv|
31| ‡Kvb cÖR‡b¥i Kw¤úDUv‡ii m‡½ gwbU‡ii cÖPjb
11| me©cÖ_g †Kvb †Kv¤úvwb nvW©wW¯‹ ˆZix K‡ib?
ïiæ nq?
EËit AvBweGg|
EËit Z…Zxq cÖRb¥|
12|KZ mv‡j cÖ_g nvW©wW· ˆZix nq?
32|eZ©gvb eëüZ wcwm †Kvb cÖR‡b¥i?
EËit 1956 mv‡j|
EËit PZz_© cÖR‡b¥i|
13| we‡k¦i cÖ_g Kw¤úDUv‡ii bvg wK?
33|Kw¤úDUv‡ii cÖRb¥ KqwU?
EËit ENIAC.
EËit 5wU|
14|evwYwR¨K wfwË‡Z ˆZwi cÖ_g B‡j±Öwn· Kw¤úDUv‡ii
34| BDwbf¨vK,gvK©-1 †Kvb cÖR‡b¥i KgwcDUvi ?
bvg wK?
EËit cÖ_g cÖR‡b¥i |
EËit UNIVAC. 35| gvB‡µvcÖ‡mmi cÖPjb nq †Kvb cÖR‡b¥i
15|cÖ_g wWwRUvj Kw¤úDUv‡ii bvg wK? Kw¤úDUv‡i?
EËit Mark-1. EËit PZz_©|
16|cÖ_g ˆZwi cv‡m©vbvj Kw¤úDUv‡ii bvg wK? 36| Z…Zxq cÖR‡b¥i Kw¤úDUv‡ii êwkó¨ Kx?
EËit G¨vj‡Uqvi 8800| EËit I.C
17|cÖ_g wgwb Kw¤úDUv‡ii bvg wK? 37|Kw¤úDUv‡ii cÖ_g cÖRb¥ KZ mv‡ji g‡a¨?
EËit wcwWwc-1| EËit 1951-1956 mvj|
18| cÖ_g B‡jKUªwb· Kw¤úDUv‡ii bvg Kx? 38| nvW©wW¯‹ KZ mv‡j Avwe®‹Z… nq?
EËit BDwbf¨vK| EËit 1956 mv‡j|
19| KLb cÖ_g gvB‡µvcÖ‡mmi cÖhzw³i Avwef©ve N‡U?
EËit 1981mv‡j|
18 | P a g e
lô Aa¨vq
‡g‡gvwi
6.1) ‡g‡gvwi t-‡h hš¿vs‡ki gva¨‡g Z_¨ DcvË, Qwe, wfwWI, AwWI BZ¨vw` ¯’vqx fv‡e msi¶Y Kiv hvq Zv‡K
Kw¤úDUv‡ii fvlvq †g‡gvwi ev ¯§…wZ e‡j|
6.2) ‡g‡gvwii c«Kvi‡f`- ‡g‡gvwi mvaviY 2 c«Kvi|
(1) cÖvBgvix †g‡gvwi (cÖavb †g‡gvwi)
(2) †m‡KÛvix †g‡gvwi (mnvqK †g‡gvwi)
(1) c«vBgvix †g‡gvwi (‡gBb †g‡gvwi):- Kw¤úDUv‡ii wmwcBD Gi mv‡_ mivmwi mshy³ †h ¯§…wZ Pjgvb †cÖvMÖvg,
WvUv, wb‡`©k wn‡m‡ei djvdj BZ¨vw` msiÿY K‡i Zv‡K c«vBgvix †g‡gvwi (cÖavb †g‡gvwi) e‡j|
(2) †m‡KÛvix †g‡gvwi (mnvqK †g‡gvwi):- Kw¤úDUv‡ii †h ¯§„wZ eë¯’vi mv‡_ wmwcBD Gi cÖZ¨¶ ms‡hvM _v‡K
bv wKš‘ AwaK cwigvb Z_¨ ¯’vqxfv‡e msi¶Y K‡i ivLv hvq Zv‡K †m‡KÛvix †g‡gvwi (mnvqK †g‡gvwi) e‡j|
 cªvBgvix †g‡gvwii cÖKvi‡f` :- cªvBgvix †g‡gvwi (cÖavb †g‡gvwi) Avevi 2 c«Kvi|

(K) i¨vg (RAM): i¨vg Kw¤úDUv‡ii GKwU A¯’vqx †g‡gvwi hvi WvUv Kw¤úDUvi eÜ n‡j ev we`ÿr P‡j †M‡j wW‡jU n‡q
hvq|
(L) ig (ROM): Kw¤úDUv‡ii GKwU ¯’vqx †g‡gvwi hvi WvUv Kw¤úDUvi eÜ n‡j ev we`ÿr P‡j †M‡jI wW‡jU n‡q hvq
bv|
 ‡m‡KÛvix †g‡gvwii cÖKvi‡f` :- ‡m‡KÛvix †g‡gvwi (mnvqK †g‡gvwi) Avevi 4 c«Kvi|

 H.D.D (nvW© wW¯‹):- nvW© wW¯‹ Kw¤úDUv‡ii GKwU e„nr †óv‡iR wWfvBm| nvW© wW‡¯‹ Acv‡iwUs wm‡÷g
mdUIq¨vi _v‡K Ges mKj mdUIq¨vi ¸‡jvI nvW© wW‡¯‹ BÝUj Kiv _v‡K|
 F.D.D:- mn‡R enb †hvM¨ GK c«Kvi †g‡gvwi| hv Øviv Kw¤úDUv‡ii WvUv, †cÖvMÖvg, mdUIq¨vi BZ¨vw` GK
Kw¤úDUvi †_‡K Ab¨ Kw¤úDUv‡i AwZ mn‡R ¯’vbvšÍi Kiv hvq|
 CD/DVD:- mn‡R enb †hvM¨ GK c«Kvi †g‡gvwi| hv‡Z AwWI, wfwWI, Qwe, dvBj, mdUIq¨vi BZ¨vw` me
wKQyB ivLv hvq Ges cÖ‡qvR‡bi mgq Zv eënvi Kiv hvq|
 Pen Drive:- †cbW«vBf n‡”Q mn‡R enb †hvM¨ GK cÖKvi †g‡gvwi| hv‡Z AwWI, wfwWI, Qwe, dvBj,
mdUIq¨vi BZ¨vw` me wKQyB ivLv hvq Ges cÖ‡qvR‡bi mgq Zv eënvi Kiv hvq| ej‡Z cviv hvq, cÖvq
CD/DVD Gi gZB|
6.3) K¨vk †g‡gvwi (Cache Memory) t Kw¤úDUv‡ii Kv‡Ri MwZ e…w×i Rb¨ cÖ‡mmi I cÖavb †g‡gvwii AšÍeZ©x ¯’v‡b
¯’vwcZ we‡kl ai‡bi ¯§…wZ‡K K¨vk †g‡gvwi e‡j| K¨vk †g‡gvwi cÖavb †g‡gvwi A‡c¶v `ªæZ MwZ‡Z KvR Ki‡Z cv‡i|
wmwcBD †h MwZ‡Z KvR Ki‡Z cv‡i cÖavb †g‡gvwi †mB MwZ‡Z KvR Ki‡Z cv‡i bv| GB Amzweav `zi Kivi Rb¨ cÖavb
†g‡gvwi I wmwcBD Gi gv‡S K¨vk †g‡gvwi eëüZ nq| †Kvb †cÖvMÖvg cwiPvjbvi mgq †h mKj Z_¨ Lze Kg mg‡qi
eëav‡b evievi cÖ‡qvRb nq †mB mKj Z_¨ cÖavb ¯§…wZ †_‡K GB K¨vk †g‡gvwi‡Z ivLv nq| d‡j †WUv cÖwµqvKi‡bi
MwZ `ªæZ nq|
6.4) ¯§…wZi aviY ¶gZvt

 weU: Kw¤úDUv‡ii ¯§…wZi aviY ¶gZvi cwigv‡ci GKK wn‡me weU kãwU eëüZ nq| evBbvwi b¤î c×wZ‡Z
AsK 0 Ges 1 †K weU e‡j| Kw¤úDUv‡ii mg¯Í Af¨šÍixY Kvh©cÖYvjx evBbvwi msL¨v c×wZ‡Z msMwVZ| A_¨©vr
evBbvwi msL¨v c×wZ Kw¤úDUv‡ii Kvh© wbe©v‡ni g‚j wfwË| GB evBbvwi msL¨v c×wZi †gŠwjK `zwU AsK 0 Ges 1
†K weU e‡j| evBbvwi As‡Ki msw¶ß iƒc weU|
19 | P a g e
 evBU: AvUwU weU wb‡q MwVZ nq GKwU evBU| Kw¤úDUv‡i evB‡Ui Øviv eY©, AsK Ges we‡kl wPý‡K wbw`©ó Kiv
nq|
8 weU = 1 evBU 1024 evBU = 1 wK‡jv evBU
1024 wK‡jvevBU =1 †gMvevBU 1024 †gMvevBU = 1 wMMv evBU
1024 wMMv evBU = 1 †Uiv evBU 1024 †Uiv evBU = 1 †cUv evBU
1024 †cUvevBU = 1 G·vevBU 1024 G·vevBU = 1 †RUvevBU
1024 †RUvevBU = 1 B‡qvUvevBU
1 ‡gMvevBU = 1048576 evBU 1 wMMvevBU = 1073741824 evBU|
6.5) 32 weU I 64 weU :- Avcwb nq‡Zv j¶¨ K‡i _vK‡eb hLbB Avcwb †Kvb software download A_ev †Kvb
game ev Ab¨ †Kvb software install Ki‡Z PvB‡eb, ZLb `zwU option mvg‡b P‡j Avm‡e| ‡mUv n‡jv- 32-bit
A_ev 64-weU| Av‡MKvi w`‡b, cÖvq 90% Kw¤úDUvi ¸wj‡Z 32-bit cÖ‡mmi eëüZ nZ| wKš‘ hZw`b hv‡”Q
cÖ‡mmi¸‡jv ZZB DbœZ n‡”Q Ges GgbUv n‡Z n‡Z GLbKvi w`‡b cÖvq mg¯Í Kw¤úDUv‡i 64 weU cÖ‡mmi eëüZ n‡”Q|
 32 weU I 64 weU Gi cv_©K¨ :- mnR K_vq ej‡Z †M‡j, 64-bit cÖ‡mmi, 32-bit cÖ‡mm‡ii †P‡q †ewk m¶g|
AvRKvj cÖvq mg¯Í computer processor 64-weU Gi n‡q _v‡K | Pjzb †R‡b wbB 32-bit Ges 64-weU
cÖ‡mmi Gi g‡a¨ cv_©K¨¸‡jv |
µ.bs. cv_©‡Kï aib 32 weU 64 weU

01 ‡WUv cwiPvjbv 64 we‡Ui Zzjbvq Kg †WUv 64-bit GKev‡i A‡bK †WUv cwiPvjbv Ki‡Z
cwiPvjbv Ki‡Z cv‡i| cv‡i|
02 Windows Protection 32 we‡U DB‡Ûv‡Ri wbivcËv 32 weU Gi †P‡q 64 we‡U DB‡Ûv‡Ri wbivcËv
wKQzUv `~ej
© | eë¯’v †ewk mwµq| 64 we‡U Kernel Patch
Protection A‡bK †ewk kw³kvjx nq|
03 ‡g‡gvix A¨v‡Wªwms cvIqvi 32 weU Gi ‡g‡gvix A¨v‡Wªwms 64 weU Gi ‡g‡gvix A¨v‡Wªwms cvIqvi 32 weU
cvIqvi `~ej
© | Gi Zzjbvq A‡bK kw³mvjx |
 Memory Addresing power :- Avcbvi cÖ‡mmiwU GLb 1 weU wb‡q KvR Ki‡e GB †¶‡Î cÖ‡mmi 1we‡Ui
Rb¨ 2wU †g‡gvwi †jv‡Kkb eënvi Ki‡e (evBbvwi 0 Ges 1)| 2 weU wb‡q KvR Ki‡j Zv †e‡o n‡q hv‡e wØ¸Y
A_©vr 4wU †g‡gvwi †jv‡Kkb eënvi Ki‡e| GB fv‡e 3 we‡Ui Rb¨ 2*2*2=8 wU †g‡gvwi †jv‡Kkb| 4 we‡Ui
Kv‡Ri Rb¨ 2*2*2*2=16 wU †g‡gvwi †jv‡Kkb| Gfv‡e wn‡me K‡i 32weU ch©šÍ Kv‡Ri Rb¨ hw` wn‡me Kwi
Zvn‡j `vuovq 232 = 4294967296 weU| hv Avgiv hw` wMMv evB‡U iæcvšÍi Kwi Zvn‡j n‡e 4 wMMvevBU|
mzZivs ezS‡ZB cvi‡Qb †h 32weU cÖ‡mm‡i 4wRwe ch©šÍ †g‡gvwi (RAM) mv‡cvU© K‡i| A_©vr hw` Avgiv 8 wRwe i¨vg
Iqvjv wcwm‡Z hw` 32 we‡Ui DB‡ÛvR Bb÷j K‡ib Zvn‡j gvÎ 4 wRwe i¨vg wm‡÷g BDR Ki‡e Avi evwK 4 wRwe i¨vg
Ah_vq Ajm c‡o _vK‡e| mnR fvlvq ej‡Z †h 32weU cÖ‡mm‡i 4 wRwei †ewk †Kvb †g‡gvwi (RAM) wb‡q KvR n‡e
bv| Avi 64weU wb‡q hw` cÖ‡mmi KvR Ki‡Z Pvq, Zvn‡j 2 64 hvi dj `vuovq 18.4 G·vevBU hv wMMvevBU, †UivevB‡Ui
†P‡qI †ewk| †Zv 64weU cÖ‡mmi GKB mg‡q 18.4 G·vevBU RAM wb‡q KvR Ki‡Z cvi‡e| Avi 64weU GZ wekvj
cwigvY †g‡gvwi (RAM) wb‡q KvR Ki‡Z cvi‡e †h eZ©gv‡b evRv‡iI G‡Zv eo i¨vg Av‡m wb|
32weU cÖ‡mmi 4wRwei †ewk †g‡gvwi wb‡q KvR Ki‡Z cvi‡ebv wKš‘ 64weU cÖ‡mmi 4wRwe †_‡K evRv‡ii hZ Avc‡WU
wekvj †g‡gvwii RAM Av‡Q Zv wb‡q KvR Ki‡Z cvi‡e| eZ©gv‡bi mKj mdUIq¨vi,‡Mg, wfwWI MÖvwd·, G‡Wvwei mKj
MÖvwd· †cÖvWv± ev Ab¨vb¨ †g‡gvwi wWfvBm ¸‡jv 64weU wb‡q KvR K‡i| Zviv Avm‡j e‡jB †`q †h 64weU Acv‡iwUs
wm‡÷‡g KvR fv‡jv Ki‡e | KviY 64weU Acv‡iwUs wm‡÷g gv‡b cÖPzi †g‡gvwi /RAM wb‡q KvR Kiv hvq| 32we‡Ui
20 | P a g e
cÖ‡mmi Avi Acv‡iwUs wm‡÷g ¸‡jv Av‡Mi g‡W‡ji czivZb wWfvB‡mi Rb¨| wcwmi RAM hw` 4wRwei Kg nq Zvn‡j
32 weU eënvi Kiv DwPZ| Z‡e 4 wRwe‡ZI 64weU e¨venvi Kiv hv‡e| wKš‘ GUv †Kvb Kv‡RB Avm‡ebv| wcwm‡Z
4wRwei Rb¨ 64weU eënvi K‡i mKj mdUIq¨vi eënvi Kiv hv‡e, GgbwK ivb/ Pvjy I n‡e| wKš‘ †m¸‡jv Lze †¯øv n‡q
KvR Ki‡e|
Avevi aiæb Avcbvi wcwmi RAM 4 wRwei †ewk wKš‘ Avcwb Acv‡iwUs wm‡÷g w`‡q‡Qb 32 we‡Ui Zvn‡jI Avcwb gb
gZ KvR Ki‡Z cvi‡eb bv| KviY Avcbvi Acv‡iwUs cvIqvi 4wRwei †ewk bv †m †¶‡Î Avcbvi evwK †g‡gvwi UzKz Ajm
n‡q c‡o _vK‡e|
 wKfv‡e eyS‡ev Kw¤úDUvi KZ we‡Ui :- wcwmi w¯Œ‡bi Wvbcv‡ki This PC ev My computer G ivBU evU‡b
wK¬K K‡i Properties G wK¬K Ki‡jB GKwU WvqvjM e· Avm‡e| †Lqvj Kiæb GLv‡b 64 bit operating
system/ 32 bit operating system ‡jLv Av‡Q| gv‡b nj eZ©gv‡b Avcbvi DB‡ÛvR Kw¤úDUviwU‡Z 64
weU/ 32 we‡Ui DB‡ÛvR BÝUj Kiv Av‡Q| Zvic‡i wjLv Av‡Q x64 based processor / x32 based
processor. gv‡b nj Avcbvi Kw¤úDUv‡ii cÖ‡mmi 64 weU/ 32 weU ch©šÍ A¨v‡WÖwms mv‡cvU© K‡i|
6.6) i¨vg I ig Gi cv_©K¨ t-i¨vg I ig Gi cv_©K¨ wb‡P †Ìqv n‡jv-
µ: bs cv_©‡Kï aib i¨vg(RAM) ig(ROM)

01 c~Y©iæc Gi c~Y©iæc- Random Access Memory Gi c~Y©iæc- Read only
Memory
02 KvR i¨vg G WvUv wiW I ivBU Dfq KvR Kiv hvq| ig Gi Z_¨ kyaygvÎ cov hvq|
03 ‡g‡gvwi GwU GKwU †fvjvUvBj †g‡gvwi| GwU GKwU bb †fvjvUvBj †g‡gvwi|

04 A¯’vqx/ ¯’vqx A¯’vqx †g‡gvwi wnmv‡e eënvi Kiv nq| ¯’vqx †g‡gvwi wnmv‡e eënvi Kiv
nq|
05 Kv‡Ri cÖwµqv RAM Gi Z_¨(WvUvi mgwó) Kw¤úDUvi cÖ‡mmi mivmwi ROM Gi Z_¨(WvUvi
G‡·m Ki‡Z cv‡i| mgwó)Kw¤úDUvi cÖ‡mmi mivmwi
G‡·m Ki‡Z cv‡i bv | Gi Rb¨
cÖ_‡g Z_¨(WvUvi mgwó) †K RAM
G cvVv‡Z nq | Zvici Gw·wKDU
nq|
06 `vg i‡gi Zzjbvq `vg Kg| ZzjbvgyjKfv‡e `vg †ekx |
07 cÖKvi‡f` ÷¨vwUK i¨vg, WvBbvwgK i¨vg BZ¨vw` i¨v‡gi cÖKvi‡f`| PROM, EPROM, EEPROM
BZ¨vw` i‡gi cÖKvi‡f`|
01| Kw¤úDUv‡ii ¯§…wZ/‡g‡gvix KZ cÖKvi? 03| Kw¤úDUv‡ii i¨vg wK?

DËit 2 cÖKvi| DËit RAM-Random Access Memory.
02| Kw¤úDUv‡ii ¯’vqx ¯§…wZ‡K wK e‡j? 04| RAM Cache wK‡mi Ask we‡kl?
DËit ig EËit RAM
21 | P a g e
05| ‡Kvb †g‡gvwi gz‡Q †djv Lze KwVb? 24| 1wMMvevBU mgvb KZ?
EËit i‡gi †g‡gvwi EËit 1024 ‡gMvevBU|
06|‡Kv_vq Kw¤úDUvi Pvjz Kivi wb‡`©kbvewj msiw¶Z 25| i¨v‡gi MwZ evov‡bvi Rb¨ Kx eënvi Kiv nq?
_v‡K? EËit i¨vg K¨vk|
EËit ROM 26| 1wMMv evBU mgvb KZ evBU?
07| i¨v‡gi êwkó¨ wK? EËit 1073741824 evBU|
EËit we`¨zr P‡j †M‡j WvUv gz‡Q hvq| 27| KZ wK‡jvevB‡U 1 †gMvevBU?
08| Aa©cwievnx ev †mwg-KÛv±i †g‡gvwi †KvbwU? EËit 1024 wK‡jvevB‡U|
EËit i¨vg I ig| 28| ‡KvbwU †m‡KÛvwi †g‡gvwi?
09| gvB‡µv Kw¤úDUv‡i cÖavb †g‡gvwi ev ¯§…wZ wn‡m‡e EËit HD.
†KvbwU eëüZ nq? 29| ‡g‡gvwii KvR Kx?
EËit Aa©-cwievnx †g‡gvwi| EËit Z_¨ msiÿY Kiv|
10| Aa©cwievnx (‡mwgKÛv±i) †g‡gvwi KZ cÖKvi? 30| Ram Cache KZ fv‡Mi †ewk eënvi Kiv DwPZ
EËit Pvi cÖKvi| bq?
11| †KvbwU cÖavb ¯§…wZ? EËit GKPZz_©vsk|
EËit RAM ,ROM. 31| nvW©wW¯‹ Kx?
12| wW.wf.wW †Kvb ai‡bi ¯§…wZ? EËit Kw¤úDUv‡ii mnvqK ¯§…wZ|
EËit mnvqK ¯§…wZ| 32| ‡g‡gvwi cwigv‡ci me‡P‡q `ªæZZg GKK †KvbwU?
13| mzBP Ab Kivi mv‡_ mv‡_ Kw¤úDUvi Kx †`Lvq? EËit weU|
EËit i¨vg †¯úm| 33| ‡g‡gvwii aviY ÿgZvi eo GKK †KvbwU?
14| KZ we‡U 1 evBU? EËit †UivevBU|
EËit 8 we‡U| 34| 1 †gMvevB‡U KZ weU?
16| 1 wMMvevB‡U KZ wK‡jvevBU? EËit 8388608 weU|
EËit 1024*1024 wK‡jvevBU| 35| 1‡UivevBU mgvb KZ wMMvevBU?
17|Kw¤úDUv‡ii Kg© GjvKv †KvbwU? EËit 1024 wMMvevBU|
EËit i¨vg 36| ‡KvbwU †fvjv UvBj †g‡gvwi?
18|BbczU wn‡m‡e Avmv Z_¨ ¸‡jv †Kv_vq Rgv nq? EËit i¨vg|
EËit i¨v‡g| 37| i¨vg G ‡WUv Kx Kiv hvq?
19| i¨vg‡K Kx ejv nq? EËit wiW I ivBU Kiv hvq|
EËit Temporary Memory, Main Memory, 38| 1wK‡jvevBU mgvb KZ evBU?
Core Memory DËit 1024 evBU|
20| Kw¤úDUv‡i A¯’vqx ¯§…wZ, cÖvBgvwi †g‡gvwi, 39| Kw¤úDUv‡i ¯§…wZ aviY ¶gZv wK‡m cÖKvk Kiv nq?
†Kvi‡÷v‡iR wn‡m‡e Kv‡K wPwýZ Kiv nq? DËit-evBU|
EËit i¨vg| 40| 1wMMvevB‡U KZ wK‡jvevBU ?
21| i¨vg Gi aviY ÿgZv m¤cÖmviY Kiv hvq Kxfv‡e? DËi :- 106 wK‡jvevBU|
EËit AwZwi³ i¨vg wPc †hvM K‡i| 41| 2wMMvevB‡U KZ wK‡jvevBU ?
22| †g‡gvwii GKK Kx? DËi :- 221 wK‡jvevBU|
EËit †gMv evBU| 42| i¨v‡gi MwZ evov‡bvi Rb¨ wK eënvi Kiv nq?
23| ig Kx? DËi:- i¨vg K¨vk |
EËit GKwU ¯’vqx †g‡gvwi|
22 | P a g e
mßg Aa¨vq
msL¨v c×wZ
7.1) msL¨v/AsK : ‡Kvb wKQzi cwigvb wb‡`©k Ki‡Z †h wPý ev cÖZxK eëüZ nq , Zv‡K AsK e‡j | GK ev GKvwaK
AsK wg‡j MwVZ nq msL¨v| ‡hgb- 1 I 4 AsK wg‡j 14 msL¨vwU MwVZ |
 msL¨v Avwe®‹v‡ii BwZnvmt mf¨Zvi m‚PbvjMœ †_‡KB gvbzl wnmve-wbKv‡ki cÖ‡qvRbxqZv Abzfe K‡i| ZLb MYbvi
Rb¨ bvbv iKg DcKiY, †hgb- nv‡Zi Av½yj, bwo cv_i, KvwV, wSbzK, iwki wMU, †`qv‡j `vM KvUv BZ¨vw`
eënvi Kiv n‡Zv| mg‡qi weeZ©‡b MYbvi †¶‡Î wewfbœ wPý I cÖZxK eënvi ïiæ n‡Z _v‡K| wLÖ÷c‚e© 3400
mv‡j nvq‡ivwMøwd· msL¨v c×wZi gva¨‡g me©cÖ_g MYbvi †¶‡Î wjwLZ msL¨v ev wP‡ýi eënvi ïiæ nq|
ciewZ©‡Z ch©vqµ‡g †ivgvb I `kwgK msL¨v c×wZi eënvi ïiæ nq|
 AsKt msL¨v ˆZwii ¶z`ÖZg cÖZxKB n‡”Q AsK| mKj AsK msL¨v wKš‘ mKj msL¨v AsK bq| †hgb- 243 wZb
AsK wewkó GKwU msL¨v ,hv 2, 4 Ges 3 c…_K wZbwU AsK wb‡q MwVZ| hviv cÖ‡Z¨‡KB c…_Kfv‡e G‡KKwU
msL¨v|
7.2) msL¨v c×wZ t- wewfbœ mvs‡KwZK wPý ev AsK(wWwRU) eënvi K‡i msL¨v †jLvi c×wZ‡K ejv nq msL¨v c×wZ |
myZivs ejv hvq , msL¨v ˆZixi ÿz`ªZg GKK wWwRU ev AsK | msL¨v c×wZ‡Z wb‡gv³ Dcv`vb¸‡jv _v‡K| †hgb-
 K‡Zv¸‡jv cÖZxK| †hgb- 0,1,2,3
 K‡Zv¸‡jv Acv‡iUi| †hgb- +, -, ×, ÷ BZ¨vw`|
 K‡Zv¸‡jv wbqgvejx| †hgb- †hvM, we‡qvM, ¸Y, fvM BZ¨vwì wbqg|
 msL¨v c×wZi cÖKvi‡f` :- msL¨v c×wZ‡K `yB (02) fv‡M fvM Kiv hvq | †hgb- bbcwRkbvj I cwRkbvj
msL¨v c×wZ|
 bb cwRkbvj :- ‡h msL¨v c×wZ‡Z msL¨vi gvb msL¨vq eëüZ AsKmg‚‡ni Ae¯’v‡bi Dci wbf©i K‡i bv Zv‡K
bb-cwRkbvj msL¨v c×wZ e‡j| GB c×wZ‡Z wewfbœ wPý ev cÖZx‡Ki gva¨‡g wnmve-wbKv‡ki KvR Kiv n‡Zv |
GB c×wZ‡Z eëüZ cÖZxK ev AsK¸‡jvi cwRkb ev Ae¯’v‡bi ¸iæZ¡ cvq bv| d‡j AsK¸‡jvi †Kv‡bv ¯’vbxq
gvb _v‡K bv| ïaz AsKwUi wbR¯^ gv‡bi Dci wfwË K‡i wnmve-wbKvk Kiv nq| cÖvPxb Kv‡j eëüZ
nvqv‡ivwMøwd· (Hieroglyphics), †gqvb I †ivgvb, U¨vwj msL¨v c×wZ BZ¨vw` bb-cwRkbvj msL¨v c×wZi
D`vniY| ‡hgb-
wPÎ- nvB‡ivwMøwd· msL¨v c×wZ wPÎ- U¨vwj msL¨v c×wZ

 cwRkbvj msL¨v c×wZ :- ‡h msL¨v c×wZ‡Z msL¨vi gvb msL¨vq eëüZ AsKmg‚‡ni cwRkb ev Ae¯’v‡bi Dci
wbf©i K‡i Zv‡K cwRkbvj msL¨v c×wZ e‡j| GB msL¨v c×wZ‡Z msL¨vq eëüZ AsKmg‚‡ni wbR¯^ gvb, ¯’vbxq
gvb Ges msL¨v c×wZi wfwËi mvnv‡h¨ msL¨vi gvb wbY©q Kiv nq| GB msL¨v c×wZ‡Z Radix point(.) w`‡q
cÖwZwU msL¨v‡K c‚Y©vsk Ges fMœvsk GB `zBfv‡M wef³ Kiv nq| †hgbt- (126.34)10
23 | P a g e
 cwRkbvj msL¨v c×wZi cÖKvi‡f`:- cwRkbvj msL¨v c×wZ‡K Pvi fv‡M fvM Kiv hvq| †hgb-
(K) `kwgK msL¨v c×wZ, (L) evBbvix msL¨v c×wZ, (M) A±vj msL¨v c×wZ, (N) †n·v‡Wwmgvj msL¨v c×wZ |
wb‡P cÖ‡Z¨KwU msL¨v c×wZ m¤ú‡K© we¯ÍvwiZ Av‡jvPbv Kiv n‡jv |
(K) `kwgK msL¨v c×wZ t- †h msL¨v c×wZ‡Z 10wU AsK / wWwRU eënvi Kiv nq Zv‡K `kwgK msL¨v c×wZ e‡j |
mvaviY wnmve wbKvk Gi Rb¨ GB msL¨v c×wZ eënvi Kiv nq |
(L) evBbvix msL¨v c×wZ t- Kw¤úDUv‡ii †WUv msiÿ‡Yi Rb¨ evBbvix c×wZ eënvi Kiv nq | Bi A_© `yB | 0 I 1 GB
`ywU †gŠwjK AsK eënvi K‡i Zv‡K evBbvix c×wZ e‡j | 0 †K we`y¨‡Zi Abycw¯’wZ I 1 †K we`y¨‡Zi Dcw¯’wZ wn‡m‡e
MY¨ Kiv nq |
(M) A±vj msL¨v c×wZ t- †h msL¨v c×wZ‡Z 08 wU AsK / wWwRU eënvi Kiv nq Zv‡K AKUvj msL¨v c×wZ e‡j|
Kw¤úDUv‡ii Af¨šÍixb wewfbœ Kv‡Ri e¨vLvi Rb¨ G c×wZ eënvi Kiv nq|
(N) †n·v‡Wwmgvj msL¨v c×wZ t- 0,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9 GB 10wU I A †_‡K F ch©šÍ GB 6wU AsK eëüZ nq | GB
c×wZ eënvi K‡i fz‡ji m¤¢vebv Kgv‡bv hvq , †g‡gvix G‡Wªm eënvi Kiv hvq I Kvjvi †KvW wba©viY Kiv hvq |
 wewfbœ msL¨v c×wZ‡Z eëüZ wPý I †eRt-
msL¨v c×wZ eëüZ wPýmg~n wfwË D`vniY
`kwgK 0,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9 10 (135)10
evBbvix 0,1 2 (101)2
A±vj 0,1,2,3,4,5,6,7 8 (614)8
‡n·v‡Wwmgvj 0,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,A,B,C,D,E,F 16 (2A5)16
7.3)wewfbœ msL¨v c×wZi iæcvšÍi :-
(K) `kwgK‡K Ab¨ msL¨v c×wZ‡Z iæcvšÍi -
c‚Y© msL¨vi †¶‡Î-
avc-1t msL¨vwU‡K Uv‡M©U msL¨v c×wZi †eR(2/8/16) w`‡q fvM Ki‡Z n‡e|
avc-2t avc-1 Gi fvMdj‡K wb‡P Ges fvM‡kl‡K Wv‡b wjL‡Z n‡e|
avc-3t avc-1 Gi fvMdj‡K czbivq Uv‡M©U msL¨v c×wZi †eR(2/8/16) w`‡q fvM Ki‡Z n‡e|
avc-4t avc-3 Gi fvMdj‡K wb‡P I fvM‡kl‡K Wv‡b wjL‡Z n‡e|
GB cÖwµqv ZZ¶Y Pj‡e hZ¶Y bv fvMdj ïb¨ (0) nq|
AZtci fvM‡kl ¸wj‡K wbP †_‡K Dc‡ii w`‡K ch©vqµ‡g mvwR‡q wjL‡j †Wwm‡gj c‚Y©msL¨vwUi mgZzj¨ evBbvwi gvb
cvIqv hv‡e|
†hgb-1) (25)10 †K evBbvix‡Z iæcvšÍi-
wfwË msL¨v(25) fvM‡kl
2 12 1
2 6 0
2 3 0
1 1
0 1
AZGe (25)10=(11001)2
2) (540)10 †K A±v‡j iæcvšÍi |
wfwË msL¨v (540) fvM‡kl
8 67 4
8 8 3
8 1 0
0 1
24 | P a g e
AZGe (540)10=(1034)8
GKBfv‡e `kwgK‡K †n·v‡Wwmgv‡j iæcvšÍi Kiv hvq | ïaygvÎ †n·v‡Wwmgv‡ji †eR 16 w`‡q msL¨v‡K fvM Ki‡jB
n‡e|
fMœvs‡ki †¶‡Î-
avc-1t fMœvskwU‡K Uv‡M©U msL¨v c×wZi †eR(2/8/16) w`‡q ¸Y Ki‡Z n‡e|
avc-2t ¸Y Kivi ci cÖvß ¸bd‡ji †h c‚Y© AskwU _vK‡e †mwU‡K msi¶Y Ki‡Z n‡e| (c‚Y© msL¨v bv _vK‡j 0 ivL‡Z
n‡e)|
avc-3t avc-1 Gi ¸bd‡ji fMœvskwU‡K czbivq Uv‡M©U msL¨v c×wZi †eR(2/8/16) w`‡q ¸Y Ki‡Z n‡e|
avc-4t avc-3 Gi cÖvß ¸bd‡ji †h c‚Y© AskwU _vK‡e †mwU‡K msi¶Y Ki‡Z n‡e| (c‚Y© msL¨v bv _vK‡j 0 ivL‡Z
n‡e)|
GB cÖwµqv ZZ¶Y Pj‡e hZ¶Y bv ¸bd‡ji fMœvskwU ïb¨ (0) nq|
[‡bvUt cÖwµqv 3 †_‡K 4 evi Pvjv‡bvi ciI hw` fMœvskwU ïb¨ (0) bv nq Zvn‡j †mwU‡K Avmbœ gvb wn‡m‡e a‡i wb‡Z
n‡e]
‡hgb- 1) (0.125)10 †K evBbvix‡Z iæcvšÍi Ki‡Z n‡e |
c~Yv©sk fMœvsk 2 .125
0 .250 2 .250
0 .500 2 .500
1 .00
AZ:Ge (0.125)10 = (.001)2
2) (0.245)10 †K A±v‡j iæcvšÍi Ki |
c~Yv©sk fMœvsk 8 0.245
1 .960 8 .960
7 .680 8 .680
5 .440
AZ:Ge (0.125)10 = (.175. . . . .)8
7.4) ‡KvW t-gvbz‡li fvlvq eëüZ cÖwZwU eY©, A¼, msL¨v, cÖZxK ev we‡kl wPý‡K wWwRUvj wWfvB‡m Dc¯’vc‡bi Rb¨
evBbvwi we‡Ui AwØZxq web¨vm eëüZ nq, GB AwØZxq web¨vm‡K ejv nq †KvW|
cÖ‡qv‡Mi †¶‡Îi Dci wfwË K‡i wewfbœ ai‡bi †Kv‡Wi D™¢e n‡q‡Q| †hgb-
 wewmwW (BCD) †KvW
 A¨vmwK (ASCII)
 BCD †KvW: BCD Gi c‚Y© iƒc n‡jv Binary Coded Decimal| †Wwm‡gj msL¨vi cÖwZwU A¼‡K (0 †_‡K 9
ch©šÍ) mgZzj¨ Pvi-weU evBbvwi Øviv Dc¯’vcb Kivi ci cÖvß †KvW‡K BCD †KvW e‡j| Ab¨K_vq BCD †KvW
GKwU 4-weU evBbvwi wfwËK †KvW| BCD †KvW †Kvb msL¨v c×wZ bq| GwU mvaviYZ †Wwm‡gj msL¨vi cÖwZwU
AsK‡K evBbvwi‡Z Gb‡KvW Kivi c×wZ| ZvB ejv hvq BCD †KvW Ges evBbvwi msL¨v GK bq| BCD †KvW
K¨vjKz‡jUi, wWwRUvj Nwo I †fvëwgUvi cÖf…wZ‡Z eëüZ nq|
 ASCII: ASCII Gi c‚Y© bvg American Standard Code For Information Interchange | ASCII
AvazwbK Kw¤úDUv‡i eûj eëüZ †KvW| Gi cÖKvkK ANSI(American National Standard Institute )|
ASCII `zB ai‡bi n‡q _v‡K| h_v:
25 | P a g e
1. ASCII-7 2. ASCII-8
ASCII-7 G 7wU weU _v‡K, hvi evg w`‡Ki wZbwU weU‡K †Rvb weU Ges Wvbw`‡Ki PviwU weU‡K ejv nq msL¨vm‚PK weU|
ASCII-7 G 7 weU Øviv †gvU 27= 128 wU AwØZxq wPý Kw¤úDUvi‡K AwØZxqfv‡e ezSv‡bv hvq| A Gi gvb 1000001 |
hvi g‡a¨ 100 †Rvb weU I 0001 n‡jv msL¨vm~PK weU |
Avevi ASCII-8 G 8wU weU _v‡K | hvi g‡a¨ c¨ †ivU weU 0, †Rvb weU Gi c‡i I msL¨vm~PK we‡Ui c~‡e© e‡m |
7.5)‡m‡K‡Ûi cwigvct
1 wgwj †m‡KÛ = 1/1000 †m‡KÛ 1 gvB‡µv †m‡KÛ = 1/1000000‡m‡KÛ
1 b¨v‡bv †m‡KÛ = 1/1000000000‡m‡KÛ 1 wc‡Kv †m‡KÛ =1/1000000000000‡m‡KÛ
7.4) †m‡K‡Ûi ¶z`ÖZg GKKt
✎ 1 wgwj †m‡KÛ = 1 †m‡K‡Ûi GKnvRvi fv‡Mi GK fvM|
✎ 1 gvB‡µv †m‡KÛ = 1 †m‡K‡Ûi `k j¶ fv‡Mi GK fvM|
✎ 1 b¨v‡bv †m‡KÛ = 1 †m‡K‡Ûi GKkZ †KvwU fv‡Mi GK fvM|
✎ 1 wc‡Kv †m‡KÛ = 1 †m‡K‡ÛiGKj¶ †KvwU fv‡Mi GK fvM|
01| Binary Digit †_‡K DrcwË nq- 13|msL¨vq cÖKvk Kivi `ªæZZg cÖZxK †K Kx e‡j?
EËit -Bit EËit AsK|
02|Kw¤úDUvi MYbvi GKK †KvbwU? 14|0 Ges 1 AsK `zBwUi cÖ‡Z¨KwU †K Kx e‡j?
EËit evBU EËit weU|
03| Kw¤úDUv‡ii Kv‡Ri MwZ wK Øviv cÖKvk Kiv nq? 15|`kwgK msL¨v‡K evBbvwi‡Z iƒcvšÍi Ki‡Z n‡j Kx
EËit b¨v‡bv‡m‡KÛ Ki‡Z nq?
04|Kw¤úDUv‡ii Z_¨ cÖwµqvKiY Kv‡R †Kvb c×wZ EËit 2 w`‡q evi evi fvM Ki‡Z nq|
eënvi nq bv? 16| 3 (wZb) weU wewkó evBbvwi †KvW‡K Kx e‡j?
EËit `kwgK EËit A±vj|
05|53D †Kvb ai‡bi msL¨v? 17| 4 (Pvi) weU wewkó evBbvwi ‡KvW‡K Kx e‡j?
EËit ‡n·v‡Wwmgvj EËit †n·v‡Wwmgvj|
06|KgwcDUv‡ii KvR Kivi MwZ wnmve Kiv nq Kx 18| wewmwW (BCD) †KvW KZ we‡Ui?
wn‡m‡e? EËit b¨v‡bv‡m‡K‡Û| EËit 4 we‡Ui|
07|1 wgwj‡m‡K‡Û 1 ‡m‡K‡Ûi GKfv‡Mi mgvb KZ? 19| wewmwW (BCD) †KvW Gi Aci bvg Kx?
EËit GKnvRvi| EËit 8421 †KvW|
08|1 b¨v‡bv‡m‡KÛ nj GK‡m‡K‡Ûi KZ fvM? 20|KgwcDUvi KvR K‡i †Kvb c×wZ‡Z?
EËit GKkZ ‡KvwU fv‡Mi GKfvM mgq| EËit evBbvwi|
09|1 b¨v‡bv‡m‡KÛ = KZ ‡m‡KÛ? 21|0-9 ch©šÍ AsK eëüZ nq †Kvb c×wZ‡Z?
EËit1/1000000000‡m‡KÛ EËit †Wwmgvj|
10|‡KvW mvaviYZ KZ cÖKvi? 22|A Gi `kwgK gvb KZ?
EËit `zB cÖKvi| EËit 10|
11| A¨vwmK (ASCII) KZ we‡Ui nq? 23|c¨v‡iwU weU Kx‡mi Rb¨ eëüZ nq, Dnv KZ
EËit 7 we‡Ui| cÖKvi?
12| A Gi A¨vmwK gvb KZ? EËit fzj wbY©‡qi Rb¨, 4 cÖKvi
EËit 1000001
26 | P a g e
Aóg Aa¨vq
mdUIq¨vi I dvg©Iq¨vi
8.1) mdUIq¨vit- mgm¨v mgvavb ev Kvh© m¤úv`‡bi D‡Ï‡k¨ avivevwnKfv‡e mvRv‡bv wb‡`©kgvjv‡K ‡c«vMÖvg e‡j| ‡c«vMÖvg
ev ‡cÖvMÖvg mgwó, hv Kw¤úDUv‡ii nvW©Iq¨vi I eënviKvixi g‡a¨ m¤úK© m…wói gva¨‡g nvW©Iq¨vi‡K Kvh©¶g K‡i Zv‡KB
mdUIq¨vi e‡j|
 mdUIq¨v‡ii cÖKvi‡f` :- Kw¤úDUv‡ii mdU&Iq¨vi‡K c«avbZ `yB fv‡M fvM Kiv hvq|
(K) G¨vwcø‡Kkb mdUIq¨vi I (L) wm‡÷g mdUIq¨vi
(K) G¨vwcø‡Kkb mdUIq¨vi : †h †cÖvMÖv‡gi mvnv‡h¨ Kw¤úDUvi eënviKvixMY Zv‡ì ˆ`bw›`b wewfbœ KvR Kivi my‡hvM
cvq,Zv‡K G¨vwcø‡Kkb mdU&Iq¨vi e‡j| eënvwiK mgm¨v mgvav‡bi Rb¨ A‡bK iKg ‰Zwi ‡cÖvMÖvg evwbwR¨K cY¨ wn‡m‡e
cvIqv hvq, hv‡K mvaviYZ c¨v‡KR ‡cÖvMÖvgI ejv nq| †hgb- MS EXCEL,MS Word, MS Powerpoint,MS
Access,Word Star BZ¨vw` |
 G¨vwcø‡Kkb mdUIq¨v‡ii cÖKvi‡f` :-G¨vwcø‡Kkb mdU&Iq¨vi Pvi (04) cÖKvi n‡Z cv‡i| h_v-
1| KvógvBRW& mdU&Iq¨vi
2| gvwëwgwWqv mdU&Iq¨vi
3| MÖvwdK¨vj mdU&Iq¨vi
4| B›Uvi‡bU †eRW& mdU&Iq¨vi BZ¨vw`|
 KvógvBRW& mdU&Iq¨vit eënviKvixi Pvwn`v †gvZv‡eK †h mdU&Iq¨vi ˆZix Kiv nq Zv‡K KvógvBRW& mdU&Iq¨vi
e‡j| †hgb- wewfbœ e¨vswKs mdUIq¨vi, †ijI‡qi mdU&Iq¨vi BZ¨vw` D‡jøL‡hvM¨|
 gvwëwgwWqv mdU&Iq¨vit- ‡h mdUIq¨v‡ii gva¨‡g AwWI I wfwWI Mvb ïb‡Z I †`L‡Z cvB Zv n‡jv gvwëwgwWqv
mdU&Iq¨vi| †hgb- Jet Audio, Superdecoder, Winamp BZ¨vw`|
 MÖvwdK¨vj mdU&Iq¨vi t- ‡h mdU&Iq¨vi MÖvwd· Gi KvR Ki‡Z mvnvh¨ K‡i Zv‡K MÖvwdK¨vj mdU&Iq¨vi e‡j|
†hgb- Photoshop, Illustrator BZ¨vw`|
 B›Uvi‡bU mdU&Iq¨vi t- ‡h mdU&Iq¨v‡ii mvnv‡h¨ B›Uvi‡b‡Ui KvR Kiv nq Zv‡K B›Uvi‡bU †eRW& mdU&Iq¨vi
e‡j| †hgb- Internet Explorer, Mozilla Firefox BZ¨vw`|
(L) wm‡÷g mdUIq¨vi : wm‡÷g mdU&Iq¨vi Kw¤úDUv‡ii KZK¸‡jv ‡cÖvMÖv‡gi mgwó,hv Kw¤úDUv‡ii mKj nvW©Iq¨vi I
mdUIq¨vi wbqš¿Y, ZË¡veavb Kvh©Ki K‡i, Z‡K wm‡÷g mdUIq¨vi e‡j| ‡hgb- Windows 98/xp/vista/7,MS
Dos, Linux.
 wm‡÷g mdUIq¨vi Gi KvR :-
 System Software Gi gva¨‡g GKwU Kw¤úDUv‡ii wewfbœ Hardware cvU© ¸‡jv‡K wbqš¿Y Kiv hvq|
 Computer Gi mvaviY Kvh©KvwiZv cÖ`vb K‡i|
 Operating system n‡jv me †_‡K Riæwi System Software, hv‡K me© cÖ_g Computer G Install
Ki‡Z nq| GKwU Operating System Qvov Avcbvi Computer †Kv‡bv fv‡eB Ab¨vb¨ KvR Ki‡Z cvi‡e
bv|
 Language Processing Gi †¶‡Î System Software Gi cÖ‡qvRb| Avgv‡ì mvaviY English fvlv‡Z
Instructions/ wb‡`©k †`B| Avgv‡ì wb‡`©k¸‡jv‡K Machine Gi ezS‡Z cviv fvlv‡Z Convert KivI
wm‡÷g mdUIq¨v‡ii KvR|
 User Application Software Ges Hardware Gi gv‡S Interface ev gaëZ©x wn‡m‡e KvR K‡i|
27 | P a g e
Avgv‡ì Kw¤úDUv‡i Ab¨vb¨ hZ¸‡jv Applications Avgiv Install Kwi, †mB me ¸‡jv‡KB GB System Software
wbqš¿Y Ki‡Q|
 wm‡÷g mdUIq¨v‡ii cÖKvi‡f` :- wm‡÷g mdUIq¨vi‡K Pvi fv‡M fvM Kiv hvq &
(K) BDwUwjwU mdUIq¨vi:- Kw¤úDUvi †gBb‡UÝ Gi †ÿ‡Î wm‡÷g BDwUwjwU mdUIq¨vi †Ìqv _v‡K | wKQz wKQz
BDwUwjwU mdUIq¨vi Acv‡iwUs mdUIq¨v‡ii mv‡_ †Ìqv _v‡K | †hgb- Antivirus Utilities.(Avast, Kaspersky,
Avira, Windows Defender),Disk Compression Software,Data Compression Utility,Disk
Cleaner,Backup Utility etc.
(L) Abyev`K mdUIq¨vi / UªvÝ‡jUi mdUIq¨vi :- Translator Software ¸‡jv‡K eënvi K‡i High Level
Language Ges Assembly Language G †jLv Program ¸‡jv‡K Convert Ki‡e , ‡h‡bv Computer Zv
ezS‡Z cv‡i|
(M) MÖvwdKvj BDRvi B›Uvi‡dm mdUIq¨vi :- MÖvwd‡·i ev wP‡Îi gva¨‡g KgvÛ cÖ‡qvM K‡i Kw¤úDUvi cwiPvjbv Kiv
n‡j Zv‡K wPÎwfwËK BDRvi B›Uvi‡dm Acv‡iwUs wm‡÷g e‡j| wPÎwfwËK Acv‡iwUs wm‡÷‡g wewfbœ Kv‡Ri wb‡`©‡ki
Rb¨ MÖvwdK¨vj Dc¯’vcbv (AvBKb) _v‡K| gvDm eënvi K‡i mn‡RB KgvÛ cÖ‡qvM Kiv hvq|
(N) Acv‡iwUs wm‡÷g mdUIq¨vi:- Acv‡iwUs wm‡÷g n‡jv GK¸”Q mdUIq¨vi hv Kw¤úDUvi wm‡÷‡gi wewfbœ wi‡mvm©
†hgb- wmwcBD, wW¯‹, wcÖ›Uvi BZ¨vw` GK‡Î wbqš¿Y Ges eënvi K‡i †WUv cÖ‡mm K‡i _v‡K|
 Acv‡iwUs wm‡÷g mdUIq¨v‡ii Kvh©vewj:- Kw¤úUv‡ii AvKvi, MVb I cÖ‡qv‡Mi Ici wbf©i K‡iB Acv‡iwUs
wm‡÷‡gi MVb, AvKvi †QvU ev eo Ges Kv‡Ri cwiwa Kg ev †ewk nq| eZ©gv‡b eûj cÖPwjZ Acv‡iwUs
wm‡÷g¸‡jvi cÖavb KvR¸‡jv wb‡P Av‡jvPbv Kiv n‡jv-
 BDRvi B›Uvi‡dm:- BDRvi B›Uvi‡dm Acv‡iwUs wm‡÷‡gi Ggb GKwU Ask hv eënviKvixi m‡½ wewfbœ
mdUIq¨v‡ii ms‡hvM, mgš^q mvab, cwiPvjbv I wb‡`©k cÖ`v‡b mnvqZv cÖ`vb K‡i| Zv Qvov mdUIq¨vi¸‡jvi
wbqš¿Y I wewfbœ †cÖvMÖvg †jvW Kiv I KvR Kivi Rb¨ mz‡hvM m…wó K‡i _v‡K|
 wi‡mvm© g¨v‡bR‡g›U:- Acv‡iwUs wm‡÷g Kw¤úDUvi‡K mPj I eënvi-Dc‡hvMx K‡i †Zv‡j| GUv Kw¤úDUv‡ii
wewfbœ wi‡mvm©, †hgb- BbczU I AvDUczU wWfvBm (wcÖ›Uvi, d¬wc/nvW© wW¯‹ WÖvBf, gvDm, gwbUi, gvDm, wK‡evW©
BZ¨vw`) I Ab¨ wWfvBm¸‡jvi wbqš¿Y, ÎzwU I Ae¯’v ch©‡e¶Y Ges mgš^q mvab K‡i| ZvQvov †g‡gvwi
g¨v‡bR‡g›U K‡i Kw¤úDUv‡ii `¶Zv e…w× K‡i|
 wmwKDwiwU:- Acv‡iwUs wm‡÷g Kw¤úDUv‡ii wi‡mvm©‡K AbvKvw•LZ eënviKvixi nvZ †_‡K i¶v K‡i| GwU †WUv
I Bbdi‡gkb Pzwi †_‡KI i¶v K‡i|
 dvBj g¨v†bR†g›U :- Acv†iwUs wm†÷g dvBj ˆZwi, wW†jU, Kwc, gyf, msi¶Y BZ¨vw` KvR K†i _v†K| ZvQvov
dvB†ji g†a¨ †WUv Av`vb-cÖ`vb, msiÿY BZ¨vw` KvRI K†i _v†K|
 RbwcÖq Acv†iwUs wm†÷gmg‚n t- 1971 mvj n†Z Acv†iwUs wm†÷g gvB†µvKw¤úDUv†i eënvi Kiv ïiæ nq|Z‡e
c~‡e©i Zzjbvq eZ©gvb mg†qi Acv†iwUs wm†÷g ¸†jv Av†iv DbœZZi, `ªæZZi I mnRZi| K†qKwU D†jøL†hvM¨
RbwcÖq Acv†iwUs wm†÷g n†jv : DOS, WINDOWS, UNIX, LINUX, OS/2, Mac OS BZ¨vw`|
 Wm (DOS) t- DOS-Gi c‚Y©iƒc n†”Q Disk Operating System. hz³iv†óªi gvB†µvmdU K†c©v†ikb
AvBweGg Kw¤úDUv†ii RbK 1981 mv†j cÖ_g Wm Acv†iwUs wm†÷g D™¢veb K†ib| Wm GKwU eY©wfwËK
Acv†iwUs wm†÷g| W†mi cÖavb Amzweav n†jv Gi KgvÛ jvBb BDRvi B›Uvi†d‡mi êwkó¨ avib K‡i| A_©vr
Gi mvnv†h¨ KvR Ki†Z n†j eënviKvix†K W†mi KgvÛ gzL¯’ ivL†Z nq Ges wK-†ev†W©i gva¨†g Kw¤úDUv†i
KgvÛ ev wb†`©k cÖ`vb Ki†Z nq|
 DB†ÛvR (Windows) t-DB†ÛvR n†”Q Av†gwiKvi weL¨vZ gvB†µvmdU K†c©v†ik†bi ˆZwi GKwU AZ¨šÍ RbwcÖq
Acv†iwUs wm†÷g| DB†Ûv†Ri RbwcÖqZvi cÖavb KviY n†jv Gi MÖvwdKvj BDRvi B›Uvi†dm| GwU AvBweGg ev
AvBweGg K¤úvwUej Kw¤úDUv†i eëüZ nq| mvaviY eënviKvixiv mn†RB G ai†bi Acv†iwUs wm†÷g Acv†iU
Ki†Z cv†i| Gi g‚j KviY n†jv gvD†mi gva¨†g wewfbœ wPÎ ev AvBK†b wK¬K K†i hveZxq Kvh©vw` m¤úv`b Kiv
hvq| 1985 mv†j me©cÖ_g DB†ÛvR ˆZwi nq|
28 | P a g e
 wjbv· (LINUX) t-wjbv· n†”Q GKwU gvwë Uvw¯‹s I†cb †mvm© Acv†iwUs wm†÷g hv wek¦e¨vcx nvRvi nvRvi
†cÖvMÖvgvi Øviv DbœwZ jvf K†i†Q| GwU UNIX Acv†iwUs wm†÷†gi GKwU we†kl mss‹iY| 1990 mv†j
wdbj¨v†Ûi hzeK wjbvm Uvi†fvìvm wjbv· Acv†iwUs wm†÷g ˆZwi K†ib|ZvB Zvi bvgvbymv‡i GB Acv‡iwUs
wm‡÷g‡K wjbv· Acv‡iwUs wm‡÷g e‡j|
cwi‡k‡l ejv hvq †h , Acv†iwUs wm†÷g n†jv eënviKvixi wb†`©k Abzhvqx Kw¤úDUv†ii nvW©Iq¨vi ev mdUIq¨v†ii g†a¨
Kv†Ri mgš^q mvab K†i mgMÖ Kvh©cÖwµqv cwiPvjbvi Rb¨ eëüZ †cÖvMÖvgmvgMÖx| eZ©gvb mg†qi RbwcÖq Acv†iwUs
wm†÷g n†jv DOS, WINDOWS, UNIX, LINUX, Mac OS BZ¨vw`| Acv†iwUs wm†÷g g‚jZ dvBj ˆZwi, A¨vK†mm,
Kwc, wWwjU BZ¨vw` KvR K†i _v†K|
8.2) evsjv mdUIq¨vi :- Kw¤úDUv‡i c«_g evsjv ‡jLv m¤¢e nq 1987 mv‡j Ges G mvd‡jï K…wZZ¡ gvBbyj Bmjvg
bvgK GKRb cª‡KŠkwji| wZwb wb‡Ri D™¢vweZ evsjv d›U ÔgvBbywjwcÕ eënvi K‡i A¨vcj-g¨vwKb‡Uvk Kw¤úDUv‡i evsjv
‡jLvi eë¯’v K‡ib| G ‡¶‡Î evsjvi Rb¨ Avjv`v ‡Kv‡bv wK-‡evW© (keyboard) eënvi bv K‡i Bs‡iwR wK-‡evW© w`‡qB
KvR Pvjv‡bv n‡qwQj| Bs‡iwR I evsjvi Avjv`v ai‡bi eY©µg Ges evsjvi hy³v¶iRwbZ mgm¨v mgvavb Kiv n‡qwQj
g¨vwKb‡Uvk Kw¤úDUv‡ii Pvi ¯Íi wK-‡evW© (4 layer keyboard) eënv‡ii myweav‡K Kv‡R jvwM‡q|
gvBbywjwci ci ciB Ôknx`wjwcÕ I ÔReŸviwjwcÕ bv‡g AviI `y‡Uv evsjv d›U D™¢vweZ nq Ges GKB c×wZ‡Z g¨vwKb‡Uvk
Kw¤úDUv‡i eëüZ nq| cieZ©x eQ‡i A_©vr 1988 mv‡j Avb›` Kw¤úDUvm© bvgK GKwU ‡emiKvwi cÖwZôv‡bi D‡`¨v‡M
‰Zwi nq A¨vcj-g¨vwKb‡Uvk Kw¤úDUv‡i eënvi Dc‡hvMx c«_g B›Uvi‡dm ÔweRqÕ| G mg‡qB cª_g evsjv wK-‡evW© ‡j-
AvDU ‰Zwi nq| c«_g ch©v‡qi evsjv wK-‡evW©¸wji g‡a¨ ÔweRqÕ Ges ÔgybxiÕ D‡jøL‡hvM¨| B›Uvi‡dm c×wZ‡Z evsjv d›U
I evsjv wK-‡evW©‡K Kw¤úDUv‡ii Acv‡iwUs wm‡÷‡gi (Operating System or OS) m‡½ Ry‡o ‡Ìqv nq Ges G wK-
‡evW©‡K wµqvkxj K‡i I d›U wbe©vPb K‡i Kw¤úDUv‡i evsjv ‡jLv hvq| weRq B›Uvi‡dmwU wQj g¨vwKb‡Uvk wfwËK Ges
A¨vcj-g¨vwKb‡Uvk Kw¤úDUv‡ii g~j¨ AZ¨waK nIqvq Gi eënviKvixi msL¨v wQ‡jv mxwgZ, g~jZ cÖKvkbvi Kv‡RB Zv
eën~Z n‡Zv |
8.3)dvg©Iq¨vit- dvg©Ih়¨vi n‡”Q Ggb GKwU †cÖvMÖvg, hv‡K Kw¤úDUvi ˆZwii mg‡q Kw¤úDUv‡ii †g‡gvix‡Z ig-G
¯’vqxfv‡e wKQz Z_¨ †`qv nq| G RvZxq †cÖvMÖvg ‡KejgvÎ Kw¤úDUv‡ii c`©vq †`Lv hvq| Kw¤úDUvi eënviKvix KZ©…K G
RvZxq ‡cÖvMÖvg‡K †Kvbiƒc cwieZ©b ev ms‡kvab Kiv m¤¢e bq|
 mdUIq¨vi I dvg©Iq¨v‡ii g‡a¨ cv_©K¨ :-
µ.bs cv_©‡Kï aib mdUIq¨vi dvg©Iq¨vi

01 msÁv Kw¤úDUvi w`‡q †Kvb KvR Kivi Rb¨ avivevwnK
Kw¤úDUvi ˆZwii mgq cwiPvjbv Kivi Rb¨
fv‡e mw¾Z wb‡`©k‡K mdUIq¨vi e‡j| ¯’vqxfv‡e wKQz wb‡`©k Kw¤úDUvi cÖ¯Z
Íz KviK
†Kv¤úvwb ¯’vqxfv‡e Kw¤úDUv‡i msi¶Y K‡i
†`q hv‡K dvg©Iq¨vi e‡j|
02 cwieZ©b eënviKvixiv mdUIq¨v‡ii cwieZ©b NUv‡Z eënviKvixiv dvg©Iq¨v‡ii cwieZ©b NUv‡Z
cvi‡e| cvi‡e bv|
03 mvBR mdUIq¨vi K‡qK wK‡jvevBU †_‡K K‡qK dvg©Iq¨vi Lye †QvU Ges wbw`©ó mvB‡Ri n‡e|
wMMvevBU ch©šÍ n‡Z cv‡i|
04 D`vniY MÖvwd· mdUIq¨vi, Gwcø‡Kkb mdUIq¨vi ig ev‡qvm, wewfbœ nvW©Iq¨v‡ii WªvBf
BZ¨vw`| mdUIq¨vi BZ¨vw`|
29 | P a g e
01| Kw¤úDUvi c×wZi `zwU cÖavb A½ `zwU wK wK? 17| KgwcDUv‡ii cÖvY/ KgwcDUvi nvW©Iq¨vi¸‡jvi cÖvY
DËit nvW©Iq¨vi I mdUIq¨vi| Kx?
02| †KvbwU evsjv †jLvi mdUIq¨vi? EËit md~UIq¨vi|
DËit weRq 18| KgwcDUv‡ii †h wW‡¯‹ wm‡÷g md&UIq¨vi _v‡K
03| gvbz‡li †`n‡K hw` nvW©Iq¨vi aiv nq Zvn‡j Zv‡K Kx e‡j?
md&UIq¨vi- EËit i¨v‡gi †¯úm|
DËi: cÖvY 19| AvazwbK wm‡÷g md&UIq¨vi wbDwK¬qvm †KvbwU?
04| Kw¤úDUv‡i eëüZ †cÖvMÖvg mgwó‡K wK e‡j? EËit Kvi‡bj|
EËit mdUIq¨vi 20| wK‡mi Dci wfwË K‡i wm‡÷g md&UIq¨vi M‡o
05| †KvbwU Qvov nvW©Iq¨vi KvR K‡ibv? D‡V?
EËit md&UIq¨vi EËit Kvi‡bj|
06| md&UIq¨vi wk‡í eZ©gv‡b wØZxq ¯’v‡b i‡q‡Q †Kvb 21| UvBg †kqvwis md&UIq¨vi †Kvb †ÿ‡Î eëüZ nq?
‡`k? EËit †jvKvj Gwiqv †bUIqvK©|
EËit fviZ 22| Kw¤úDUv‡ii Rb¨ Acwinvh© md&UIq¨vi †KvbwU?
07|me©cÖ_g cÖewZ©Z evsjv †jLv mdUIq¨v‡ii bvg wK? EËit wm‡÷g md&UIq¨vi|
EËit kwn` wjwc| 23|Gg.Gm IqvW© Kx ai‡bi md&UIq¨vi?
08|kwn` wjwc mdUIq¨vi KZ mv‡j cÖeZ©b Kiv nq? EËit c¨v‡KR †cÖvMÖvg|
EËit 1985 mv‡j| 24|md&UIq¨vi n‡”Q————|
09|Kw¤úDUv‡ii nvW©Iqvi‡K KZfv‡M fvM Kiv hvq? EËit Kw¤úDUv‡ii GKwU cÖwµqvKiY Ask|
EËit wZbfv‡M| 25| ‡Kvb md&UIq¨v‡ii mvnv‡h¨ cÖ‡dkbvj wbDR‡jUvi
10|dvg©Iqvi msiwÿZ _v‡K ‡Kv_vq? I wi‡cvU© ˆZwi Kiv hvq?
EËit i‡g EËit Word Processor.
11| mdUIq¨vi Kx? 26| evsjv md&UIq¨vi knx` wjwc eënvi Kiv nq †Kvb
EËit GK ev GKvwaK †cÖvMÖv‡gi mgwó| Kw¤úDUv‡i?
12| BIOS Kx ? EËit †gwKb‡Uvk Kw¤úDUv‡i|
EËit GKwU dvg©Iq¨vi| 27|evsjvq KvR Kivi Rb¨ D‡jøL‡hvM¨ md&UIq¨vi Kx
13| wm‡÷g md&UIq¨vi KZ cÖKvi? Kx?
EËit 4cÖKvi| EËit weRq, †jLbx, cÖeZ©b BZ¨vw`|
14| Kvh©MZ w`K †_‡K Kw¤úDUv‡ii md&UIq¨vi‡K 28|A¨vwcø‡Kkb md&UIq¨vi KZ cÖKvi?
KZfv‡M fvM Kiv hvq? EËit `zB cÖKvi|
EËit 3 fv‡M| 29|md&UIq¨vi Kv‡K e‡j?
15| md&UIq¨vi KZ cÖKvi ? EËit Kw¤úDUv‡ii †cÖvMÖvg ev †cÖvMÖv‡gi mgwó‡K |
EËit 2 cÖKvi 30|Acv‡iwUs wm‡÷g md&UIq¨vi Kx K‡i?
16|‡KvbwU wm‡÷g md&UIq¨vi Gi AšÍif©z³ bq| EËit Kw¤úDUv‡ii nvW©Iq¨vi I A¨vwcø‡Kkb †cÖvMÖv‡gi
DËi : c¨v‡KR mdUIq¨vi| g‡a¨ †mZziPbv K‡i|
30 | P a g e
beg Aa¨vq
fvBivm I Gw›UfvBivm
9.1) fvBivm t- Kw¤úDUv‡ii fvlvq fvBivm k‡ãi A_©- Vital Information Resources Under Seize. hvi A_©
¸iæZ¡c~Y© Drm¸‡jv ev‡Rqvß Kiv | D`vniY- CIH Virus, Bad Boy Virus, Love Bag Virus ,Horse Virus,
Chernobyl Virus .
 KvR:- fvBivm Gi cÖavb KvR n‡jv Kw¤úDUv‡ii wewfbœ †cÖvMÖvg‡K aŸsm K‡i †Ìqv|
 Kw¤úDUvi fvBivm Gi ÿwZKi w`K t-
 Kw¤úDUvi fvBivm Gi mvnv‡h¨ Kw¤úDUv‡ii mg¯Í WvUv wWwjU Kiv m¤¢e|
 Gi mv‡_ mv‡_ nvW©wW¯‹ Gi mg¯Í WvUv wigzf K‡i †Ìqv hvq|
 B-‡gB‡ji gva¨‡g GKwU Kw¤úDUvi †_‡K Ab¨ Kw¤úDUv‡i cvwV‡q †mB Kw¤úDUv‡ii ¶wZ Kiv †h‡Z cv‡i|
 Kw¤úDUv‡ii w¯úW ev Kv‡Ri MwZ Kwg‡q †`q|
 Kw¤úDUvi n¨vs K‡i †`q|
 fvBivm Qov‡bvi gva¨g t- hw` Avcwb Kw¤úDUvi‡K fvBivmgz³ Ki‡Z Pvb Zvn‡j Kw¤úDUv‡i fvBivm wKfv‡e
cÖ‡ek K‡i, GwU Avcbvi †R‡b ivLv ìKvi| hw` Avcwb GB mg¯Í wRwbm ¸wj †iva Ki‡Z cv‡ib Zvn‡j Avcbvi
Kw¤úDUviwU mziw¶Z _vK‡e|
 mvaviYZ B›Uvi‡bU BDR Kivi d‡j Kw¤úDUv‡i cÖPzi cwigv‡Y fvBivm Av‡m| B›Uvi‡b‡U A‡bK ai‡bi
malicious site Qwo‡q Av‡Q| †h¸wj‡Z cÖ‡ek Ki‡j fvBivm mivmwi Kw¤úDUv‡i cÖ‡ek K‡i|
 GQvov †Kvb untrusted I‡qemvBU †_‡K †Mgm, gzwf, A¨vwcø‡Kkb, pirated software WvDb‡jvW Kivi
d‡j, †mB WvDb‡jvW dvBj hLb †Lvjv nq ZLb Kw¤úDUv‡i fvBivm P‡j Av‡m|
 GQvov hLb Ab¨ Kw¤úDUv‡i †Kvb †cbWÖvBf, USB ev CD cÖ‡ek Kiv‡bv nq Ges hw` †mB Kw¤úDUv‡i †Kvb
fvBivm _v‡K; Zvn‡j bZzb †Kvb Kw¤úDUv‡ii †mB GKB †cbWÖvBf ev BDGmwe cÖ‡ek Kiv‡bvi mgq bZzb
Kw¤úDUviwUI fvBiv‡m AvµvšÍ nq|
 fvBivm Gi cÖKvi‡f` t-fvBivm Gi cÖK…wZ I ÿwZ mva‡bi ÿgZv Abyhvqx †ek K‡qKwU fv‡M fvM Kiv hvq |
(K) †cÖvMÖvg fvBivm- GB fvBivmwU Kw¤úDUvi Acv‡iwUs wm‡÷‡gi ÿwZmvab K‡i | ‡hgb- Windows Gi
.exe dvBj |
(L) eyU fvBivm- GB fvBivm¸‡jv nvW©wW‡¯‹i eyU †m±i‡K AvµgY K‡i I †mLv‡b cÖ‡ek K‡i gv÷vi eyU
†cÖvMÖvgwU bó K‡i †`q | Gi d‡j Kw¤úDUvi Pvjy n‡Z evavcÖvß nq |
(M) d¨vU fvBivm- GB fvBivm¸‡jv wW¯‹ †_‡K File Allocation Table †K AvµvšÍ K‡i wW‡i±wii wfZi †Kvb
dvB‡ji Z_¨ wW‡jU K‡i †`q |
(N) ‡iwm‡W›U fvBivm- Kw¤úDUv‡ii i¨vg Gi wKQz RvqMv `Lj K‡i jywK‡q _v‡K I wewfbœ dvBj KivÞ K‡i ,
wm‡÷‡gi Kv‡R evav †`q Ges wewfbœ mdUIq¨v‡ii Kv‡R evav m„wó K‡i |
(O) g¨v‡µv fvBivm- GB fvBivm¸‡jv g¨v†µv j¨vs¸‡qR w`‡q evbv‡bv| GB fvBivm ¸‡jv gvB‡µvmdU IqvW©,
G‡·j BZ¨vwì Dci nvgjv Pvjvq Ges Qovq |
 Kw¤úDUv‡ii fvBivm AvµvšÍ nIqvi jÿb t- †Kvb KviY QvovB Kw¤úDUvi gv‡S g‡a¨ wi÷vU© †bIqv , cÖ‡mwms
w¯úW K‡g hvIqv, gv‡S g‡a¨ Kw¤úDUvi n¨vs Kiv,Kw¤úDUvi eywUs cÖ‡m‡m mgq jvMv A_©¨vr Kw¤úDUvi Pvjy n‡Z
mgq jvMv,Dëv cvëv wewfbœ mdUIq¨vi, †hgb †bvU c¨vW I‡cb nIqv BZ¨vw` AvPib Ki‡jB †evSv hv‡e
Kw¤úDUvi fvBiv‡m AvµvšÍ n†q‡Q|
31 | P a g e
 Kw¤úDUvi fvBivm Gi Avwe®‹viK t-gvwK©b hz³iv‡óÖi weÁvbx Rbfb wbDg¨vb 1949 mv‡j me©cÖ_g Kw¤úDUvi
fvBiv‡mi K_v e‡jb| †Kv‡bv GKwU †cÖvMÖv‡gi ûeû bKj †cÖvMÖvg wn‡m‡e Zvi Abzgv‡bi AvZ¥cÖKvk N‡U| c‡i
GUvB Kw¤úDUvi fvBivm wn‡m‡e cwiwPwZ cvq| ïiæi w`‡K wewfbœ bvgKiv wek¦we`¨vj‡qi M‡elYvMv‡i fvBivm
ˆZwi Ges cix¶v-wbix¶vi KvR PvjZ| M‡elYvMv‡ii evB‡i ˆZwi nIqv cÖ_g †h fvBivmwU wewfbœ Kw¤úDUv‡i
Qwo‡q c‡o †mUvi wbg©vZv wQ‡jb GjK †K¬vbvi Ges hvi †cÖvMÖvwgs K‡ib ZLbKvi mg‡q gvwK©b hz³iv‡óÖi ¯‹zj
wk¶v_©x wiPvW© †¯‹›Uv|
1971 mv‡j Robert Thomas bvgK GKRb †cÖvMÖvgvi cÖ_gevi Kw¤úDUvi fvBivm ˆZwi K‡ib| ‡mB mgq wZwb GwU
ïazgvÎ Prank ev gRv Kivi Rb¨ ˆZwi K‡iwQ‡jb| cieZ©Zx‡Z A‡b‡KB GB fvBivm wb‡q M‡elYv K‡ib | 1983 mv‡j,
Fred Cohen bvgK GK e¨w³ Kw¤úDUvi fvBivm bvgKiY K‡ib|
GB mgqKvi fvBivm¸‡jv d¬wc wW‡¯‹i gva¨‡g QovZ| d‡j G¸‡jv wbivcËvq Lze †ewk cÖfve †dj‡Z m¶g n‡Zv bv|
B›Uvi‡b‡Ui gva¨‡g 1990-Gi `k‡Ki ïiæ‡Z fvBivm Qov‡Z ïiæ Ki‡jI me‡P‡q eo AvµgYwU nq 1999 mv‡j|
Av‡gwiKvb bvMwiK †WwfW Gj w¯§_ GUv ˆZwi K‡ib| Ô‡gwjmvÕ fvBivm bv‡gi G fvBivmwU B-‡g‡ji gva¨‡g Qwo‡q
c‡o| GB cÖwµqvq B-‡g‡ji mv‡_ GKwU IqvW© dvBjRz‡o †Ìqv nq, hv I‡cb Ki‡jB BDRvi fvBivm AvµvšÍ n‡Zb|
G Qvov AvµvšÍ e¨w³i KvQ †_‡K Zvi B-‡gB‡j _vKv Av‡iv 50 R‡bi Kv‡Q A‡Uvg¨vwUKfv‡e †gwjmv fvBivm Qwo‡q
coZ| d‡j †gwjmv fvBiv‡mi Kvi‡Y AmsL¨ B-‡gj A¨vKvD›U eÜ Ki‡Z eva¨ nb BDRviiv|
Gici Av‡m Iqv‡g©i AvµgY| Iqvg© wb‡R †_‡KB me Kw¤úDUv‡i Qwo‡q co‡Z cv‡i †hUv Ab¨ †Kv‡bv fvBiv‡mi c‡¶
m¤¢e bq| 2000 mv‡ji †g gv‡m jvf-evM bv‡gi GKwU Iqvg© mvivwe‡k¦ Qwo‡q c‡o| G‡Z AvB jvf BD bv‡g GKwU wPwV
mshz³ _vKZ, hv I‡cb Ki‡jB Iqvg© Avµg‡Yi wkKvi n‡Zv Kw¤úDUvi| 2007 mv‡j ïiæ nq †UÖvRvb n‡m©i AvµgY|
GUv GK ai‡bi g¨vjIq¨vi| g‚jZ ¶wZKviK me ai‡bi mdUIq¨vi‡K g¨vjIq¨vi ejv nq| Gi g‡a¨ i‡q‡Q fvBivm,
Iqvg©, †UÖvRvb nm©, ¯úvBIq¨vi BZ¨vw`| me©‡kl Ges mv¤cÖwZK mg‡q Avgiv †h Kw¤úDUvi fvBivmwUi bvg ïbwQ, Zv n‡jv
Ôi¨vbm¨vgIq¨viÕ|
9.2) Gw›U fvBivm t- GwU GKwU †cÖvMÖvg hv fvBivm †K cÖwZ‡iva K‡i Ges fvBivm AvµvšÍ wcwm ‡K fvBivm ‡_‡K gy³
iv‡L | fvBivm‡K cÖwZ‡iva Kievi wKsev gvievi Rb¨ hv eënvi Kiv nq ZvB Gw›UfvBivm|
 Gw›UfvBivm wKfv‡e KvR K‡i :- Gw›UfvBivm GKwU †cÖvMÖvg hv‡Z wewfbœ ai‡bi fvBiv‡mi WvUv‡em _v‡K | Avi
Gi d‡j Lze mn‡RB fvBivm †cÖvMÖvg¸‡jv‡K mbv³ Ki‡Z cv‡i Ges †m¸‡jv‡K Avcbvi Kw¤úDUv‡i BÝUj n‡Z
†`q bv | ZvQvov cÖwZwbqZ Gw›UfvBivm mdUIq¨vi Avc‡WU Ki‡Z nq , hv‡Z K‡i me©‡kl fvBiv‡mi Z_¨ Zvi
Kv‡Q _v‡K Ges †m IB fvBivm ¸‡jv‡K mbv³ K‡i cÖwZKvi Ki‡Z cv‡i | Avi Gfv‡eB g‚jZ Gw›UfvBivm
Kw¤úDUv‡i KvR K‡i _v‡K |
 Kw¤úDUv‡i Gw›UfvBivm eënv‡ii mzweav :-
 Kw¤úDUv‡ii mg¯Í WvUv mziw¶Z iv‡L|
 B›Uvi‡bU eënvi Kivi mgq Avcbvi Kw¤úDUvi †_‡K †KD WvUv Pzwi Ki‡Z cvi‡e bv|
 Avcbvi mg¯Í AbjvBb UÖvb‡RKkb mziw¶Z _vK‡e|
 †h †Kvb cÖKv‡ii mdUIq¨vi †K AmZK© fv‡e WvDb‡jvW Ki‡Z cvi‡eb |
 Kw¤úDUv‡ii cÖ‡mmi w¯úW †e‡o hv‡e|
 Kw¤úDUvi †¯øv Ges n¨vs nIqv †_‡K i¶v cv‡e|
 Kw¤úDUv‡ii †h‡Kvb mdUIq¨vi Lze Smooth Run Ki‡e|
GQvov Gw›UfvBivm eënv‡ii †ek wKQz mzweav i‡q‡Q | Zvi g‡a¨ me‡P‡q †ewk mzweav nj fvBiv‡mi Drcv`b wPiZ‡i eÜ
K‡i †`q | fvBivm Gi ¶wZKi cÖfve †_‡K Kw¤úDUvi‡K i¶v K‡i , Kw¤úDUvi wm‡÷‡gi DbœwZ mvwaZ nq Ges
mdUIq¨vi ivb Kiv‡Z mzweav cvIqv hvq | A_©vr g‚jK_v Gw›UfvBivm eënv‡ii mzweav nj Kw¤úDUvi‡K mziw¶Z ivLv|
D`vnib- AVAST, Caspersky, Norton, Avira etc .
32 | P a g e
01| ‡Kvb weÁvbx Kw¤úDUvi fvBivm bvg KiY K‡ib?
EËit ‡dÖW‡Kv‡nb 16|KgwcDUv‡i wKfv‡e fvBivm AvµgY K‡i?
02| ‡WUvdvBj mgzn AvµgY K‡i †Kvb fvBivm? EËit †cb WÖvBf,‡g‡gvwi KvW©,fvBivmhz³ wmwW eënvi
EËit g¨v‡µvfvBivm Ki‡j|
03|GKwU Antivirus md&UIq¨v‡ii bvg wjL? 17|m¤cÖwZ D™¢vweZ †Kvb Gw›U fvBivm †ek RbwcÖq?
EËit Norton EËit AvBwim|
04| Quick He alKx? 18|wmAvBGBP ev ‡P‡ivbwej bvgK fvBivm KLb
EËit Gw›UfvBivm md&UIqvi wech©‡qi m…wó K‡i?
05| Zeus (wRqzR) Kx? EËit 26 GwcÖj, 1999|
EËit Kw¤úDUvi fvBivm| 19| Kaspersky / Macfee/Norton Kx?
06| Melissa fvBivm K‡e Kw¤úDUvi Iqvì©‡K EËit G wZbwU Gw›U fvBivm †cÖvMÖvg|
Avµgb K‡i? 20|GK m‡½ Kx A‡bK ¸‡jv Gw›U fvBivm KvR Ki‡Z
EËit 1999mv‡j| cv‡i?
07| Melissa- Gi Avµg‡bi f‡q †Kvb †Kv¤úvwb EËit GKwU cvi‡mvbvj KgwcDUv‡i †KejgvÎ GKwU
Zv‡ì B-‡gBj mvf©vi eÜ iv‡L? Gw›UfvBivm †cÖMÖvg KvR Ki‡Z cv‡i |
21| Lze `ªæZ fvBivm we¯Ívi NUvq †Kvb wWfvB‡mi
EËit Microsoft.
gva¨‡g?
08| Melissa Virus ˆZix K‡ib †K?
EËit †cb WÖvB‡fi gva¨‡g|
EËit ‡WwfW w¯§_
22|‡Kvb gva¨‡g mn‡R fvBivm ¯’vbvšÍi nq?
09| Melissa Virus ˆZixi Aciv‡a †WwfW w¯§‡_i Kx
EËit B›Uvi‡bU gva¨‡g|
mvRv n‡qwQj?
23|wm.AvB.GBm (CIH) fvBiv‡mi mÖóv †K?
EËit 10eQ‡ii †Rj|
EËit †PbBsnvI|
10| Mudroom Worm wK?
24|Kw¤úDUvi fvBivm Kx?
EËit Kw¤úDUvi fvBivm|
EËit ÿwZKi †cÖvMÖvg|
11|2004 mv‡j †Kvb Kw¤úDUvi fvBivm
25|Kw¤úDUvi fvBivm †_‡K iÿv cvIqvi Rb¨ Kx
mvBevi RMr †K e¨vcK ¶wZ mvab K‡i?
eënvi Kiv nq?
EËit Mudroom Worm
EËit Gw›U fvBivm †cÖvMÖvg|
12| Mudroom Worm Kw¤úDUvi fvBivm GKmv‡_ 26|Gw›U fvBivm †cÖvMÖvg‡K Kx Ki‡Z nq?
KqwU Kw¤úDUvi †K Avµgb K‡i? EËit cÖwZ gv‡m Avc‡WU Ki‡Z nq|
EËit 2,50,000| 27|fvBivm AvµvšÍ Kw¤úDUv‡ii ¸b Kx?
13|Kw¤úDUvi fvBivm wK? EËit Kw¤úDUv‡ii ¯úxW K‡g hvq|
EËit GK ai‡Yi †cÖvMÖvg| 28|fvBivm KZ cÖKvi?
14|wm.AvB.GBP fvBivm KZ mv‡j Avwe®‹vi n‡q‡Q? EËit 13 cÖKvi|
EËit 1999 mv‡j| 29|wm.AvB.GBP fvBivm Kx?
15| Kw¤úDUv‡i fvBivm †Kv_vq AvNvZ K‡i? EËit †Pi‡bvwej
DËi :- nvW©wW¯‹ ev HDD ‡K|
33 | P a g e
`kg Aa¨vq
ev‡qvm I DB‡ÛvR †mUvc
10.1)ev‡qvm:- BIOS n‡jv †ewmK BbczU AvDUczU wm‡÷g †cÖvMÖvg|hwÌ GwU mdUIq¨vi(Software) bq GwU GKwU
dvg©Iq¨vi(Firmware)| G `zwU wRwb‡mi gv‡S m~ÿ cv_©K¨ Av‡Q| Software †K Gi BDRvi B‡”QgZ BÝUj ev
AvbBÝUj Ki‡Z cv‡ib | wKš‘ Firmware Gi †¶‡Î †ZgbwU m¤¢e bq| Software Gi wbg©vZv e¨vw³ ev cÖwZôvb
DfqB n‡Z cv‡i| wKš‘ Firmware Gi wbg©vZv †Kej Kw¤úDUvi wbg©vbKvix cÖwZôvb Ges ZvivB GwU †K gv`vi †ev‡W©i
wP‡c cÖ_g w`‡KB BÝUj K‡i iv‡Lb| G‡K BDRvi KL‡bvB AvbBÝUj Ki‡Z cv‡ib bv| GwU‡K cÖ‡qvR‡b GKwU we‡kl
Program Application Gi gva¨‡g †KejgvÎ Kw¤úDUvi wbg©vZv †Kv¤úvbxB AvbBÝUj Ki‡Z cv‡i| AZGe GK_v ejv
†h‡Z cv‡i †h, BIOS nj Ggb GKwU Firmware, hv Hardware I Software Gi gv‡S B›Uvi‡dvi wn‡m‡e KvR
K‡i| GwU wcwm Ab Kivi ci †_‡K, cwiczb© fv‡e wcwm I‡cb nIqvi AvM ch©šÍ, wcwmi mvgwMÖK hš¿vw`, gv‡b mKj
Input-Output wWfvBm I A¨vwcø‡Kkbmn mKj mdUIq¨vi wVKVvK Av‡Q wKbv Zv ch©‡e¶Y K‡i| wmwcD (CPU) Gi
Af¨šÍ‡i KvRwU GZUvB `ªæZ nq †h, GKRb mvavib Kw¤úDUvi eënviKvix Zv ezS‡ZB cv‡ibbv| Avm‡j Kw¤úDUvi
e¨venviKvixi Zv †evSvi ìKviI c‡obv| ev‡qvm Gi Kv‡Ri cwiwa wKQzUv wbf©i K‡i Kw¤úDUvi eënviKvix †Kvb
ch©v‡qi- mvaviY, cÖ‡dmbvj, we‡klÁ bvwK M‡elK Zvi Ici| GB cwiwa, e¨venviKvixi ch©vq Abzhvqx cÖ‡qvRb wPšÍv
K‡i, Wm †_‡K ev‡qv‡mi †mwUsm wba©vib Kiv n‡q _v‡K|
 ev‡qvm KZ cÖKvi wK wK :-eZ©gv‡b wcwm Kw¤úDUv‡i K‡qK ai‡Yi ev‡qvm wm‡÷g †ewk †`Lv hvq| ev‡qvm n‡jv
hvi Øviv Kw¤úDUv‡ii K‡¤úv‡b›U Gi KbwdMv‡ikb m¤ú‡K© Rvbvq| †hgb- wcwm ezUAvc Kiv Ges wmwcBD KZ©…K
wewfbœ K‡¤úv‡b›U Z‡_ï Rb¨ ev‡qvm eënvi Kiv nq| wcwm Kw¤úDUv‡i mvaviYZ K‡qK ai‡Yi ev‡qvm wm‡÷g
_v‡K| †hgb-
 A¨vIqvW© ev‡qvm (Award Bios)
 Awg ev‡qvm (Ami Bios)
 †dvwb· ev‡qvm (Phonex Bios)
 gvB‡µvBW ev‡qvm (Microid Bios)
 ev‡qvm KvR wK fv‡e K‡i :- Kw¤úDUv‡ii cÖwZevi wm‡÷g Ab Kivi mv‡_ mv‡_ B‡jKUÖwb· wmMb¨vj †c‡q ev‡qvm
KvR ïiæ K‡i Ges ZLb Kw¤úDUvi Zvi mKj ev‡qvm cix¶v K‡i †bq| Gmgq wm‡÷‡gi †g‡gvix, wfwWI KvW©,
nvW©wW¯‹ K‡›UÖvjvi, gvDm, Kx‡evW© cieZ©x‡Z Kv‡Ri Rb¨ G‡·m †`q Ges Kw¤úDUv‡ii cÖwZUv wm‡÷g Pvjz K‡i|
wewfbœ gv`vi‡ev‡W©i ev‡qvm †mUAvc I cÖ‡e‡ki wbqg wewfbœ nq| ev‡qv‡m cÖ‡e‡ki Rb¨ wK‡ev‡W©i wewfbœ Kx
eënvi Kiv n‡q _v‡K| ev‡qv‡m cÖ‡e‡ki Rb¨ Kw¤úDUvi wi÷vU© Ki‡j DEL, F2, ESC †cÖm g¨v‡mR cÖ`©kb
K‡i| g¨v‡mR cÖ`k©b Kiv gvÎ Avcwb hw` †mB wK †cÖm K‡ib Zvn‡j ev‡qvm †gbz I‡cb n‡q hv‡e|DB‡ÛvR Pvjy
n‡q †M‡j ev‡qvm †gby‡Z cÖ‡ek Kiv hv‡e bv | ev‡qv‡mi KvR¸‡jv wb¤œiæc-
 Kw¤úDUvi Pvjz nIqvi mv‡_ mv‡_B ig †_‡K GB mdUIq¨viwU Pvjz n‡q hvq| Ges Kw¤úDUvi K‡¤úv‡b›U wj÷
ˆZix Ges mvavib †PwKs ¸‡jv K‡i _v‡K|
 GKvwaK wW¯‹ WÖvBf Gi ga¨ †_‡K †KvbwU †_‡K Acv‡iwUs wm‡÷g Pvjz n‡e Zv wba©viY K‡i †Ìqv hvq Ges
†mwU †_‡K ezU nq|
34 | P a g e
 ev‡qvm †_‡K wewfbœ †cvU©¸‡jv eÜ ev †Lvjv ivLv hvq| PvB‡j USB †cvU© eÜ K‡i †Ìqv hv‡e|
 ev‡qv‡mB g‚jZt wm‡÷g mg‡qi NwowU _v‡K| Kw¤úDUv‡i Avgiv †h NwowU †`wL †mwU g‚jZt †mB NwoB|
Kw¤úDUvi eÜ n‡jI ev‡qvm NwowU Pj‡Z _v‡K| CMOS e¨vUvixi gva¨‡g GB NwowU Pvjy _v‡K|
 ev‡qvm Kw¤úDUv‡ii wewfbœ mgm¨vq Avcbv‡K wWm‡cø Ki‡e Ges wm‡÷g w¯úKv‡ii gva¨‡g Rvwb‡q w`‡e| †hgb-
Kw¤úDUvi Pvjz nIqvi Rb¨ cÖ‡qvRbxq Acv‡iwUs wm‡÷g bv †c‡j Boot Failure †g‡mR w`‡e| ev i¨vg bv
_vK‡jI w¯úKv‡ii gva¨‡g wec w`‡e|
 ev‡qv‡m wKfv‡e cÖ‡ek Ki‡Z nq:- evhv‡m cÖ‡e‡ki Rb¨ wK‡ev‡W©i wewfbœ Kx eënvi Kiv n‡q _v‡K| ev‡qv‡m
cÖ‡e‡ki Rb¨ †Kvb wK †cÖm Ki‡Z n‡e Zv gv`vi‡ev‡W©i Dci wbf©i K‡i| Z‡e cÖwZevi Kw¤úDUvi Pvjz Kivi mgq
wWm‡cø‡Z ev‡qv‡m hvIqvi Kx †bvwUwd‡Kkb w`‡q _v‡K| †hgb Kw¤úDUvi wi÷vU© Ki‡j DEL, F2, ESC †cÖm
g¨v‡mR cÖ`©kb K‡i| g¨v‡mR cÖ`k©b Kiv gvÎ Avcwb hw` †mB wK †cÖm K‡ib Zvn‡j ev‡qvm †gbz I‡cb n‡q
hv‡e| ev‡qvm †gbz‡Z cÖ‡ek Ki‡Z n‡j wK Kx †cÖm Ki‡Z n‡e †R‡b wbb-
 Award Bios G cÖ‡ek Kivi Rb¨ Ctrl+Alt+Esc ev DEL Kx Pvc‡Z nq|
 Ami Bios G cÖ‡ek Kivi Rb¨ F2 Kx Pvc w`‡Z nq|
 Phonex Bios G cÖ‡ek Kivi Rb¨ DEL Kx Pvc‡Z nq|
MAINBOARD BOOT MENU MAINBOARD BOOT MENU
HP F9/F10(90% F9 nq) GIGABYTE F12
DELL F12/F2/FN/F1(90%F12 nq) INTEL F10/F12
ASUS F8/ESC LENOVO F2
SAMSUNG F12 TOSHIBA F12
MSI F11 APOX F11
SONY ESC BIOSTER F9
FOXCON F12/ESC ACES F1/DEL
 ev‡qvm †gbz cwiwPwZ : cÖwZUv Kw¤úDUvi Gi ev‡qvm †gbzi dvskb GKwUi mv‡_ Ab¨wU bvI wgj‡Z cv‡i| KviY
ev‡qv‡mi w¯Œb, wfbœZv, fvm©b BZ¨vw` Drcv`bKvixi Dci wbf©i K‡i| GRb¨ Avcwb †h‡Kvb GKwU ev‡qvm
m‡¤ú‡K© †R‡b wb‡Z cv‡ib, Zvn‡j Avcbvi cÖwZUv ev‡qv‡mi dvskb †gbz †Pbv n‡q hv‡e| †gbz wWRvBb Avjv`v
n‡Z cv‡i wKš‘ ev‡qv‡mi dvskb wjLv ¸‡jv cÖwZUvi mv‡_ wgj _v‡K| Z‡e mvaviY eënviKvix‡ì ev‡qv‡mi †mwUs
cwieZ©b bv KivB DËg | GKgvÎ Acv‡iwUs wm‡÷g †mUvc w`‡Z n‡j ev‡qvm †gbyi ìKvi n‡Z cv‡i|
10.2) Windowa 7 :- Acv‡iwUs wm‡÷g †mUvc w`‡Z ev‡qvm ¸iæZ¡c~Y© fzwgKv cvjb K‡i | DB‡ÛvR 7 †mUAvc
†Ìqvi Rb¨ Avcbvi wcwm‡Z GKwU DVD ROM _vK‡Z n‡e| Z‡e ez‡Uej †cÖbWªvB‡fi gva¨‡gI DB‡ÛvR 7 ‡mUvc
†Ìqv †h‡Z cv‡i | cÖ_‡g DVD ROM-G DB‡ÛvR 7 Gi ez‡Uej wmwW cÖ‡ek Kiv‡Z n‡e| Zvici BIOS Gi
Advance Features A_ev wKQz wKQz ev‡qvm †mwUs‡m Boot †gbz‡Z wM‡q cÖ_g ezU wmwW Ges wØZxh় ezU nvW©wW¯‹ wm‡j±
Ki‡Z n‡e| g‡b ivL‡Z n‡e mvavibZ ev‡qvm †mwUs G gvDm eënvi Kiv hvq bv| Kx †evW© †_‡K G¨v‡iv Kx eënvi K‡i
B›Uvi †cÖm Ki‡Z n‡e|
 DB‡ÛvR 7 †mUAvc †Ìqvi wbqg:- ev‡qvm †gbz †mUAvc Kivi ci F10 †cÖm K‡i †mf w`‡q †ei n‡Z n‡e|
mv‡_ mv‡_ Kw¤úDUvi wi÷©vU wb‡e| Kw¤úDUvi Pvjz nIqvvi mgq - Press any key to boot from CD… bv‡g
GKUv †g‡mR w`‡e| Avi mv‡_ mv‡_ Kx‡evW© †_‡K †h‡Kvb GKUv evUb †cÖm Ki‡Z n‡e| ZLb DB‡ÛvR dvBj
†jvW n‡e Ges Kw¤úDUvi wb‡R wb‡R †mUAvc KvR Ki‡e|
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 DB‡ÛvR 7 Bb÷j WvBjM e· :- Zvici Install windows dialog Box Avm‡e| †mLvb †_‡K Language
G English, Key| Zvici Install Now bv‡g GKwU evUb Avm‡e| Install Now evU‡b wK¬K w`‡j Setup is
Starting †g‡mR w`‡q †mU Avc ïiæ n‡q hv‡e|
 Acv‡iwUs wm‡÷g wm‡j± Ackb:- Zvici Kw¤úDUvi wKQz¶Y ci Select the Operating System you
want to install bv‡g `zwU Avckb Avm‡e| †mLvb †_‡K Avcbv‡K wm‡j± Ki‡Z n‡e Avcwb KZ weU Acv‡iwUs
wm‡÷g eënvi Ki‡eb, wK Acv‡iwUs wm‡÷g eënvi Ki‡eb| Avcbvi Kv‡Ri Rb¨ KZ weU Acv‡iwUs wm‡÷g
Avi wK Acv‡iwUs wm‡÷g cÖ‡qvRb †m Abzhvqx Acv‡iwUs wm‡÷g wbevP©b Kiæb| †hgb- DB‡ÛvR 7 cÖ‡dkbvj,
DB‡ÛvR 7 Avwë‡gU BZ¨vw` Ges weU Gi †ÿ‡Î 32/86, 64 weU n‡Z cv‡i|GLvb †_‡K DB‡ÛvR wm‡÷g
wb©aviY K‡i GwM‡q †h‡Z n‡e | Zvi wKQz¶b KvR Kivi ci accept the license terms G wUK gvK© K‡i
Next evU‡b wK¬K Ki‡Z n‡e| Click Kivi ci Custom (Advanced) Ack‡b wK¬K Ki‡Z n‡e|
 nvW©wW¯‹ dig¨vU Kivi wbqg: -Zvici Where do you want to install Windows Ackb Avm‡e Ges
nvW©wW‡¯‹ cvwU©kb ¸‡jv †`Lv‡e| †mLvb †_‡K wm WÖvBf cvwU©kb di‡gU K‡i w`‡Z n‡e|GLb hw` di‡gU bv
K‡ib Zvn‡j Av‡Mi †Ìqv DB‡ÛvR †_‡K hv‡e| †mRb¨ Av‡M di‡gU K‡i dvuKv Ki‡Z n‡e Zvici Next
Ki‡Z n‡e|Avcwb †h cvwU©kbwU di‡gU Ki‡eb †mwU wm‡j± Ki‡j wb‡P Wvb cv‡k Drive Options Advance
Ackb †`Lv‡e †mLv‡b wK¬K Ki‡Z n‡e| Zvici Delete, format Ackb ¸‡jv P‡j Avm‡e| †mLvb †_‡K
cÖ_‡g di‡gU Ackb wm‡j± K‡i Ok K‡i di‡gU Ki‡Z n‡e| Z‡e g‡b ivL‡Z n‡e Delete †hb bv nq| hw`
cvwU©kb Delete nq Zvn‡j Avevi bZzb fv‡e cvwU©kb Ki‡Z n‡e|
 DB‡ÛvR dvBj Kwc ïiæ nIqv :- Zvici wKQz¶b ci wm‡j± Kiv WÖvBfwU di‡gU n‡q hv‡e| Zvici Next evU‡b
wK¬K Ki‡j Copying Windows file Gi †g‡mR e· Avm‡e | †mLv‡b 0 †_‡K 100% ch©šÍ dvBj Kwc n‡e|
wb‡Pi w`‡K 1.Collecting Information , 2. Install Windows G File Progress †`Lv‡e|
 BDRvi †bg I cvmIqvW© †mU:- Windows file 100% Kwc n‡q †M‡j Type a User name Gi N‡i bvg
w`‡Z n‡e| Zvici Next evU‡b wK¬K Ki‡j cvmIqvW© PvB‡e| cvmIqvW© bv w`‡j Next evU‡b wK¬K K‡i Help
protect your Computer and Improve windows automatically Ack‡b wK¬K Ki‡Z n‡e| Gici
Time setting K‡i Next evU‡b wK¬K Ki‡j Kw¤úDUvi wb‡R wKQz¶b KvR Ki‡e Ges Restart w`‡e| GLb
Kw¤úDUvi eënv‡ii Rb¨ ˆZix n‡e|
 DB‡ÛvR †mUAvc mgm¨v n‡j:- ‡ewki fvM mgq †`Lv hvq DB‡ÛvR †mUAvc w`‡Z wM‡q bvbv mgm¨vq co‡Z nq|
hvi Kvi‡Y Avi DB‡ÛvR †mUAvc †Ìqv hvq bv| d‡j Avgv‡ì DB‡ÛvR w`‡Z mvwf©wms †m›Uv‡i UvKv LiP Ki‡Z
nq| Avkv KiwQ Avcwb wb‡Pi welq¸‡jv Rvb‡j Avi UvKv LiP Ki‡Z n‡e bv|
 DB‡ÛvR wmwW‡Z mgm¨v _vK‡Z cv‡i| †hgb- dvBj KvivÞ, wgwms BZ¨vw`|
 wWwfwW ivBUv‡ii mgm¨v _vK‡Z cv‡i| †hgb- bU wi‡Wej, Kv‡b±i jzR BZ¨vw`|
 i¨v‡gi mgm¨v n‡Z cv‡i| †hgb- i¨vg jzR n‡Z cv‡i |
 nvW©wW¯‹ mgm¨v _vK‡Z cv‡i| †hgb- nvW©wW¯‹ ivBU n‡”Q bv, Kv‡b±i jzR|
 DB‡ÛvR †mUvc bv wb‡j KiYxq :- mvaviYZ DB‡ÛvR †mUAvc w`‡Z wM‡q Dc‡ii PviwU mgm¨vi Kvi‡Y DB‡ÛvR
†Ìqv hvq bv| DB‡ÛvR †mUvc bv wb‡j KiYxq n‡jv DB‡ÛvR †Ìqvi Av‡MB cÖ_‡g wmwWUv fv‡jv Av‡Q wK-bv
Kbdg© n‡Z n‡e| i¨vg, nvW©wW¯‹, wWwfwW ivBUv‡ii me Kv‡b±i ¸‡jv Lz‡j cwi¯‹vi k³ K‡i jvMv‡Z n‡e| Zvn‡j
36 | P a g e
Avkv KiwQ Avi mgm¨v n‡e bv| DB‡ÛvR w`‡Z wM‡q mgm¨v n‡j wmwW, ivBUvi, i¨vg, nvW©wW¯‹ fv‡jvfv‡e †PK
Ki‡Z n‡e|
01|Acv‡iwUs wm‡óg n‡”Q - 18| †jvUvm 1,2,3 †Kvb Acv‡iwUs wm‡÷‡g eëüZ
DËit gvbz‡li gw¯Í‡®‹i ezw×| nq?
02| KZ mv‡j A¨v‡cj Acv‡iwUs wm‡óg 7.0cÖeZ©b K‡ib? EËit Dos.
DËit -1971 mv‡j 19|g¨vK IGm Kx?
03|DB‡ÛvR -95evRv‡iG‡mwQj- EËit GK ai‡bi Acv‡iwUs wm‡÷g|
EËit 1995 mv‡ji 25 ‡m‡Þ¤î 20| DB‡ÛvR 95 KZ we‡Ui Acv‡iwUs wm‡÷g?
04|DB‡ÛvR Avm‡j wK‡mi g‡Zv? EËit 32 we‡Ui|
EËit ‡Lvjv Rvbvjv| 21| wjbv· Acv‡iwUs wm‡÷g †Kvb †`‡ki hzeK Dbœqb
05|gvB‡µvmd&U DB‡ÛvR 3.1 evRv‡i Av‡m- K‡ib ?
EËit 1992mv‡j EËit wdbj¨vÛ|
06|Acv‡iwUs wm‡óg wK wbqš¿Y K‡i _v‡K? 22| gvwëUvw¯‹s Ges gvwëDBRvi A¨vwcø‡Kkb Gi Rb¨
EËit cz‡iv Kw¤úDUvi wm‡óg Dc‡hvMx Acv‡iwUs wm‡÷g †KvbwU ?
07|DB‡ÛvR GbwU/2000 Gi we‡Ui msL¨v n‡jv- EËit UNIX.
EËit 32 23| MS-DOS †Kvb Acv‡iwUs wm‡÷‡gi †K¬vb wn‡m‡e
08|‡KvbwU Acv‡iwUs wm‡÷‡gi KvR bq? ˆZwi n‡qwQj|
EËit WwUv cÖ‡mwms Kiv| EËit CP/M.
09|KgwcDUvi Kvh©µg Kivi Rb¨ Kx cÖ‡qvRb? 24| DB‡ÛvR Avcv‡iwUs wm‡÷‡gi fvm©b bq †KvbwU?
EËit Operating System. EËit DB‡ÛvR 97|
10| OS/2 KZ we‡Ui Acv‡iwUs wm‡÷g? 25|DB‡ÛvR Acv‡iwUs wm‡÷‡gi cÖ_g fvm©b †KvbwU?
EËit 32 we‡Ui| EËit 3.0|
11|‡Kvb Acv‡iwUs wm‡÷‡g gvDm wKK I Wvej wKK¬ 26| DB‡ÛvR 2000 Kx bv‡g cwiwPZ?
AwZ cÖ‡qvRbxq welq? EËit 5.0 fvm©b bv‡g|
EËit wPÎ wfwËK| 27| Wm Ges BDwb· Kx ai‡bi Acv‡iwUs wm‡÷‡g?
12|AvB.we.Gg KgwcDUv‡i hLb ïazgvÎ Wm Acv‡iwUs EËit eY©wfËK|
wm‡÷‡g KvR Kiv n‡Zv ZLb meiKg wb‡`©k †`qvi Rb¨ 28| MS-DOS Kx?
Kx eëüZ n‡Zv? EËit AvB.we.Gg wcwmi Acv‡iwUs wm‡÷g|
EËit dvskb Kx| 29|Gg.Gm.Wm KZ mvj †_‡K eëüZ n‡”Q?
13|DB‡ÛvR Acv‡iwUs wm‡÷g †Kvb †Kv¤úvwbi ˆZwi? EËit 1981mvj †_‡K
EËit gvB‡µvmd&U Ki‡cv‡ikb| 30|DB‡ÛvR KZ mv‡j cÖ_g cÖKvwkZ nq?
14|Kg© wefv‡Mi wfwË‡Z Acv‡iwUs wm‡÷g‡K Kq fv‡M EËit 1985mv‡j|
fvM Kiv hvq? 31|Acv‡iwUs wm‡÷g Kw¤úDUv‡ii wK mPj K‡i?
EËit 2fv‡M| DËi:- nvW©Iqï‡K|
15| Acv‡iwUs wm‡÷‡gi †K›`Öxq Ask‡K Kx ejv nq? 32|DB‡ÛvR Acv‡iwUs wm‡÷‡g ÑÑÑÑÑ Gi Dci wK¬K
EËit Kvi‡bj| K‡i KvR Ki‡Z nq|
16|‡Kvb Kgv‡Ûi mvnv‡h¨ Acv‡iwUs wm‡÷g cwiPvjbv DËi :- wP‡Îi Dci|
Kiv nq? 33|Wm Acv‡iwUs wm‡÷‡g C:/> wPý‡K wK ejv nq ?
EËit eY© wfwËK ev wPÎ wfwËK|
DËi :-Root Directory.
17|Wv¤^ Uvwg©bv‡j †Kvb Acv‡iwUs wm‡÷g _v‡K?
34|Wm †Kvb ai‡bi Acv‡iwUs wm‡÷g?
EËit UvBg †kqvwis|
DËi :-eY©wfwËK|
37 | P a g e
GKv`k Aa¨vq
wewea
11.1) c~Y©iæc :-
SI.NO NAME ABBREVIATION
01 4G Forth Generation.
02 ALU Arithmetic Logic Unit .
03 ASCII American Standard Code for Information Interchange
04 BCR Bar Code reader.
05 BIOS Basic Input-Output System
06 BTEB Bangladesh Technical Education Board
07 CD Compact Disk.
08 CMOS Complementary Metal Oxide Semiconductor.
09 COMPUTER Commonly Operated Machine Particularly Used for Technical
Education and Research
10 CPU Central Processing Unit
11 DOS Disk Operating System.
12 DVD Digital Versatile Disk.
13 E-Mail Electronics Mail
14 ENIAC Electrical Numerical Integrator and Calculator.
15 GOOGLE Global Organization Of Oriented Group Language Of Earth
16 GPS Global Positioning System
17 GSM Global System for Mobile communication
18 HD High Definition
19 HDD Hard Disk Drive
20 HTML Hyper Text Markup Language
21 HTTP Hyper Text Transfer Protocol
22 HTTPS Hyper Text Transfer Protocol Secure
23 IBM International Business Machines.
24 IC Integrated Circuit
25 ICR Inteligent Character Recognize.
26 ICT Information & Communication Technology.
27 IP Internet Protocol
28 LAN Local Area Network
29 LCD Liquid Crystals Display
30 LED Light Emitting Diode.
31 MICR Megnetic Ink Character Recognition
32 MODEM Modulator & Demodulator
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33 OCR Optical Character Reader.
34 OMR Optical Mark Reader
35 PC Personal Computer
36 PCI Peripheral Component Interconnect.
37 PDF Portable Document Format
38 QR Code Quick Response Code
39 RAM Random Access Memory
40 ROM Read Only Memory
41 SATA Serial Advanced Technology Attachment
42 SIM Subscriber Identity Module.
43 SMS Short Message Service
44 SQL Structured Query Language
45 SSD Solid State Drive
46 UNIVAC Universal Automatic Calculator.
47 UPS Uninterruptible Power Supply.
48 URL Uniform Resource Locator.
49 USB Universal Serial Bus.
50 VGA Video Graphics Array
51 VIRUS Vital Information Resource Under seized.
52 VOIP Voice Over Internet Protocal.
53 WAN World Area Network
54 Wi-Fi Wireless Fidelity
55 WWW World Wide Web
56 PATA Parallel Advance Technology Attachment
57 PSU Power Supply Unit
11.2) Avwe®‹vi I Avwe®‹viK/RbK :-

µ.bs Avwe®‹vi Avwe®‹viK/RbK mvj
01 B›Uvi‡bU wfbUb wR Kvd© 1969 mv‡j|
02 gvDm WMjvm G‡½jevU 1963
03 WWW wUg evb©mwj 1990
04 wjbv· Acv‡iwUs wm‡÷g wjbv· Uifvìm (wdbj¨vÛ) 1991
05 ‡dmeyK gvK© RyKvievM© 2004
06 UzBUvi R¨vK Wwm© 2006
07 BDwUDe w÷f P¨vj I Rv‡f` Kwig| 14 †deªæqvix 2005|
08 Kw¤úDUvi †cÖvMÖvg †MÖm ûBc (hy³ivóª)
09 LCD (Liquid Crystal Display) mzBm c`v_© we` gvwU©b mvDU(RbK)
10 E-mail †i Ugwjbmb| 1971
11 WIKIPEDIA wRwg Iqvjm I j¨vix m¨v½vi| 15 Rvbyqvix, 2001
12 Google j¨vix †cR I mv‡M©B weªb 1996|
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13 ‡jRvi wcÖ›Uvi †MÖix ÷vKI‡q`vi(hy³ivóª)| 1969|
14 Rvfv †cÖvMÖvg †Rgm MRwjs|
15 gvB‡µvcÖ‡mmi gvwm©qvb †UW nd| 1971|
16 Bqvû †WwfW wd‡jv Ges †Rwi Bqvs| 1994 mv‡ji Rvbyqvix
gv‡m|
11.3) evsjv‡`k I Kw¤úDUvi:-

1| evsjv‡`‡k cÖ_g Kw¤úDUvi ¯’vwcZ nq KZ mv‡j? 10| Aå Kx‡evW© ˆZwi K‡ib †K?
DËi :- 1964 mv‡j| DËi :- †gn`x nvmvb|
2| evsjv‡`‡ki cÖ_g Kw¤úDUvi †Kv_vq ¯’vwcZ nq? 11| Aå Kx‡evW© ˆZwi nq KZ mv‡j?
DËi :- cvwK¯Ívb cigvYz M‡elYv †K›`Ö,XvKvq| DËi :- 2007 mv‡j|
3| Kw¤úDUv‡i cÖ_g evsjv †jLv m¤¢e nq KZ mv‡j 12| evsjv‡`‡ki mdUIq¨vi cÖ¯Z Íz Kvix‡ì mwgwZi
Ges Kvi mvd‡j¨? bvg wK?
DËi :- 1987 mvj, gvBbzj Bmjvg bv‡gi GK DËi :- †ewmm(evsjv‡`k A¨v‡mvwm‡qkb Ae
cÖ‡KŠkjxi| mdUIq¨vi A¨vÛ Bbdi‡gkb mvwf©‡mm)|
4| evsjv‡`‡ki ¯’vwcZ cÖ_g Kw¤úDUvi Uv wK wQj? 13| `…wónxb‡ì Rb¨ Avwe®‹Z
… evsjvq cÖ_g
DËi :- AvBweGg-1620 wmwiR| mdUIq¨vi Gi bvg wK?
5|evsjv‡`‡ki cÖ_g Kw¤úDUvi eZ©gv‡b †Kv_vq DËi :- AvB mvBU|
msiw¶Z Av‡Q? 14| evsjv‡`‡ki cÖ_g wWwRUvj Kw¤úDUvi cwÎKvi
DËi :- XvKvi AvMviMvuI weÁvb I cÖhzw³ hv`zN‡i| bvg wK?
6| evsjv‡`‡ki †Kvb e¨vsK me©cÖ_g Kw¤úDUvi DËi :-Kw¤úDUvi RMr |
¯’vcb K‡i? 15| evsjv‡`‡k ¯’vwcZ 1g Kw¤úDUviwU †Kvb ai‡bi
DËi :- BDbvB‡UW e¨vsK Kw¤úDUvi wQj?
7| Kw¤úDUvi Gi evsjv d‡›Ui D™¢veK †K? DËi :- †gBb‡d«g Kw¤úDUvi|
DËi :- †gv¯Ídv ReŸvi| 16|evsjv‡`‡k KqwU mycvi Kw¤úDUvi Av‡Q?
8| Avgv‡ì †`‡k KZ mv‡j KwcivBUvi AvBb cÖYqb DËi :-GKwUI bv|
Kiv nq| 17|evsjv‡`‡k AbjvBb B›Uvi‡bU mvwf©m K‡e †_‡K Pvjz
EËit 1962mv‡j| nq?
9|evsjv‡`‡ki cÖ_g mvP© BwÄ‡bi bvg wK? DËit -1996 mv‡ji 4 Rzb |
EËit wccxwjKv|
11.4) Ab¨vb¨ ¸iæZ¡c~Y© cÖkœ I DËi:-

01|Z_¨ cÖhzw³i kvLv bq †KvbwU? EËit mgm¨vi m†šÍvlRbK mgvavb
DËit WvKwefvM 04|A¨vwb‡gkb, MÖvwd· I mvD‡Ûi mgwó‡K wK ejv
02|‡bvUc¨vW Gi eënvi bq †KvbwU? nq?EËit gvwëwgwWqv
EËit QweAvuKv 05|‡Kvb wW· mivmwi di‡gU Kiv hvq bv|
03|‡cÖvMÖv‡gi g‚j j¶¨ Kx? EËit d¬wcwW·|
40 | P a g e
06|‡gvevBj †dv‡b cÖ_g K_v ejv nq K‡e? EËit WÖvBf †dvìvi|
EËit 3 GwcÖj 1973| 23|‡gvevBj KwgDwb‡Kk‡b 4G– Gi ‡¶‡Î 3G Gi
07|RvZxq wek¦we`¨vj‡qi I‡qemvBU †KvbwU? Zyjbvq AwZwi³ ‰ewkó¨ wK?
EËit www.nu.edu.bd DËi :- e«W‡eÛ B›Uvi‡bU ‡mev
08| evsjv‡`k KvwiMwi †ev‡W©i I‡qemvBU †KvbwU? 24| Back up ‡c«vM«vg ej‡Z wK ‡evSv‡bv nq?
DËi :- wba©vwiZ dvBj Kwc Kiv
EËit www.bteb.gov.bd 25| ‡Kv‡bv mdUIq¨vi BÝUj Kivi c~‡e© ‡Kvb K_vwU
09|we‡k¦i cÖ_g I GKgvÎ Kw¤úDUvi hv`zNi †Kv_vq c‡o wb‡Z n‡e?
Aew¯’Z? DËi :- Read me
EËit hz³iv‡óÖi AvUjv›Uvq| 26| ‡Kvb ‡Kv¤úvwbi gvB‡µvc«‡mmi w`‡q AvBweGg
10|eZ©gvb hzM ‡K Kx ejv nq? wcwm ‰Zix?
EËit Z_¨ cÖhzw³i hzM| DËi :- B‡›Uj
27| ‡Mgm ‡Ljvi Rb¨ Avjv`v ‡cvU© _v‡K ‡Kv_vq?
11|wWwRUvj K¨v‡giv‡Z Kx cÖ‡qvRb nq bv?
DËi :- Mªvwd· Kv‡W©
EËit wdj¥|
28| MS Word 2003 G Font Size cwieZ©b Ki‡Z
12| †K¬vb Kx? ‡Kvb Uyjev‡i ‡h‡Z n‡e ?
EËit AvB.we.Gg wcwmi bKj| DËi :-Formating- G
13|gvB‡µvcÖ‡mm‡ii 8080 wfwËK KgwcDUv‡ii bvg 29| Ô¶Õ ‡jL‡Z Kx-‡evW© ‡_‡K Bs‡iwR ‡Kvb ‡Kvb
Kx wQj? ÒKxÓ Pvc‡Z n‡e ?
EËit Avj‡Zqvi| DËi :- J,G,Shift+N
14| we‡k¦ cÖ_g Kw¤úDUvi †cÖvMÖvgvi ‡K? 30| MS Office n‡”Q A‡bK¸‡jv .. Gi mgwó|
DËit †jwW A¨vWv AMvóv| DËit dvBj
31| A4 mvBR KvM‡Ri cwigvc †KvbwU?
15|Kg‡cø· Kw¤úDUv‡ii b·v ˆZix K‡ib-
DËit 8.27 BwÂ x 11.69 BwÂ
EËit W. w÷weR
32|—– Kw¤úDUv‡ii mKj c«Kvi jwRK I MvwYwZK
16|‡ewmK fvlv D‡Øvab K‡ib? KvR K‡i _v‡K|
EËit Rb †Kwgwb I Ugvm KvUR© DËit gvB‡µv
17|wgwb Kw¤úDUv‡ii Rb¥ `vZv †K? 33| wb‡Pi ‡KvbwU ‡cBR ‡mU Avc (Page set up)
EËit ‡K‡b_ GBP Ij †mb| Kivi KgvÛ?
18| gvB‡µvmd&U †Kv¤úvwbi Gi cÖavb md&UIq¨vi File→Page set up→(Margin,paper size) ok
¯’cwZi / cÖwZôvZvi bvgKx? 34| = ABS (1.258) gvb KZ?
EËit wej‡MUm| DËi:-1.23
19|DB‡ÛvR Acv‡iwUs wm‡÷g †Kvb †Kv¤úvwbi ˆZwi? 35|MvUvi (Gutter) Kx?
DËi :-c‚ôvi gvwR©b mshz³ AwZwi³ RvqMv
EËit gvB‡µvmd&U Ki‡cv‡ikb|
36| c«_g Avwe¯‹vi e«vDRv‡ii bvg wK?
20|DBwKwcwWqv ˆZix K‡ib †K? DËi :-‡gvRvBK|
EËit mviv we‡k¦i gvbzl 37|‡Kv‡bv mdUIq¨vi BÝUj Kivi c~‡e© ‡Kvb K_vwU c‡o
21|Kw¤úDUv‡ii GB Ô#Õ wPý‡K wK e‡j? wb‡Z n‡e?
DËi:- n¨vmwPý DËi :- Read me
22| gvB‡µv KgwcDUvi nj———-
41 | P a g e
gvB‡µvmdU Awdm IqvW©
Øv`k Aa¨vq
‡ewmK Kw¤úDUvi I gvB‡µvmdU IqvW©
12.1) Kw¤úDUv‡ii evwn¨K Ask:- Kw¤úDUv‡ii evwn‡ii †h Ask¸‡jv mshy³ K‡i Kw¤úDUvi mPj Kiv nq ,Zv‡K
Kw¤úDUv‡ii evwn¨K Ask e‡j | †hgb- gvDm, Kx‡evW©, gwbUi BZ¨vw` |
12.2)Kw¤úDUvi DB‡ÛvR :- DB‡ÛvR GKwU wPÎ wfwËK Acv‡iwUs wm‡óg| GB Acv‡iwUs wm‡ó‡g AvBKb Gi Dci wK¬K
K‡i KvR Kiv hvq| hvi d‡j GB Acv‡iwUs wm‡óg Kw¤úDUvi eënviKvixi wbKU AwaK RbwcÖq n‡q D‡V‡Q | GKRb
mvaviY BDRviI AvBK‡bi wPÎ †`‡L mn‡R KvR Ki‡Z cv‡i|
 DB‡ÛvR Pvjz Kivi wbqg t-Kw¤úDUv‡ii me Kv‡bKkb wVK K‡i wm‡óg BDwbU Gi cvIqvi mzBP Pvc w`‡Z n‡e|
Zvn‡jB DB‡ÛvR Pvjz n‡e|
 DB‡ÛvR Acv‡iwUs wm‡ó‡g wK wK KvR Kiv m¤¢e t
 DB‡ÛvR dvBj ev ‡dvìvi ‰Zix Kiv Ges ‡m¸‡jv gy‡Q †djv hvq|
 DB‡ÛvR w¯Œb cwieZ©b Kiv hvq|
 DB‡Ûv‡R ‡Mgm ‡Ljv, Mvbïbv I wmwW ‡`Lv hvq|
 nvW©wW¯‹ ev Ab¨ ‡Kvb wW‡¯‹i Z_¨ gy‡Q †djv, dvBj ev ‡dvìvi ¯’vbvš—wiZ Kiv, nvW©wW¯‹ wi‡cqvi Kiv, nvW©wW‡¯‹
iw¶Z Z_¨¸‡jv Kgv‡Ûi gva¨‡g mvRv‡bv BZ¨vw` KvR Kiv hvq|
 DB‡Ûv‡R B›Uvi‡bU e«vDwRs Gi KvR Kiv hvq|
GQvov DB‡Ûv‡Ri gva¨‡g B›Uvi‡bU mshy³ K‡i we‡k¦i ‡h‡Kvb Kw¤úDUv‡i Z_¨ ‡c«iY Ki‡Z cvwi Ges ‡h ‡Kvb ¯’vb ‡_‡K
Z_¨ ‡c‡Z cvwi|
 ‡W¯‹Uc- cÖ_‡g Kw¤úDUvi Pvjy K‡i Avgiv †h AskUv †`L‡Z cvB , Zv‡K †W¯‹Uc e‡j |
‡W¯‹U‡c Aew¯’Z wewfbœ AvBKb m¤ú‡K© Av‡jvPbv ---------------------------------------
 gvB Kw¤úDUvi (My Computer) - gvB Kw¤úDUvi AvBKb wK¬K Ki‡j Kw¤úDUv‡ii iw¶Z W«vBf¸‡jv c«`wk©Z
n‡e| c«`wk©Z W«vB‡f wK¬K K‡i Gi g‡a¨Kvi dvBj I ‡dvìvi¸‡jv ‡`Lv hv‡e|
 gvB WKy‡g›U (My Document) - GB ‡dvìv‡i wK¬K Ki‡j wewfbœ ‡c«vM«v‡g ‡mf Kiv dvBj¸‡jv ‡`Lv hv‡e|
Avgiv mvaviYZ ‡Kvb ‡c«vM«v‡g KvR Kivi ci ‡mf Ki‡j gvB WKy‡g‡›U ‡mf n‡q _v‡K|
 wimvB‡Kj web (Recycle Bin) - ‡Kvb dvBj ev ‡dvìvi wW‡jU Ki‡j wimvB‡Kj web G P‡j hvq| Avevi
c«‡qvRbxq ‡Kvb dvBj wimvB‡Kj web n‡Z wi‡óvi K‡i c~‡e©i b¨vq eënvi Dc‡hvMx Kiv hvq| cieZ©x‡Z dvBj I
‡dvìvi¸‡jv ¯’vqxfv‡e wimvB‡Kj web ‡_‡K gy‡Q †djv hvq|
42 | P a g e
 ÷vU© evUb (Start Button) - GB evU‡bi mvnv‡h¨ ‡h ‡Kvb ‡c«vM«v‡g hvIqv hvq| ZvQvovI GB evU‡bi gva¨‡g
Kw¤úDUvi eÜ Kiv hvq|
 Uv¯‹evi - ‡Kvb ‡c«vM«vg/dvBj/‡dvìvi I‡cb Ki‡j H ‡c«vM«v‡gi bvg Uv¯‹evi w¯Œ‡b ‡`Lv hvq| GK ev GKvwaK
‡c«vM«v‡g KvR Ki‡j Uv¯‹ev‡i ‡`Lv hv‡e| G‡¶‡Î Uv¯‹ev‡i Aew¯’Z ‡h ‡Kvb ‡c«vM«v‡g wK¬K Ki‡j ‡mB ‡c«vM«vg ivb
n‡e|
12.3) gvD‡mi eënvi :- gvD‡mi mvnv‡h¨ wK¬K K‡i ‡Kvb ‡c«vM«vg ivb Kiv‡bv hvq| gvD‡mi Wv‡b I ev‡g ‡gvU `yBwU
evUb _v‡K| gvD‡mi evg evUb‡K A¨vKkb evUb ejv nq| Bnv ‡Kvb dvBj/‡dvìvi/W«vBf G wK¬K K‡i ivb Kiv‡bv
hvq| gvD‡mi Wvb evUb‡K we‡kl ai‡bi evUb ev ‡c«vM«vg evUb ejv nq| dvBj/‡dvìvi/W«vBf Gi Dci gvD‡mi Wvb
evUb wK¬K Ki‡j KZK¸‡jv ‡c«vM«vg Ackb ‡`Lv hvq| ‡Kvb ‡Kvb gvD‡mi gvSLv‡b GKwU ¯Œj evUb i‡q‡Q| Bnvi
mvnv‡h¨ ¯Œxb DVv bvgv Kiv‡bv hvq|
 wK¬K t wK¬K ej‡Z mvaviYZ gvD‡mi evU‡b nvjKvfv‡e Pvc ‡`qv eySvq| wK¬K K‡i dvBj/‡dvìvi wm‡j± Kiv
hvq|
 Wvej wK¬K t Wvej wK¬K K‡i dvBj/‡dvìvi I‡cb Kiv hvq|
 W«vM t ‡Kvb dvBj/‡dvìvi ‡P‡c a‡i ¯’vbvšÍi Kiv‡K W«vM e‡j |
12.4) weRq evsjv:- weRq wK‡evW© nj cÖhyw³ D‡`¨v³v †gv¯Ídv ReŸvi KZ©…K D™¢vebK…Z DB‡ÛvR, g¨vK IGm Ges
wjbv· G BDwb‡KvW I GGbGmAvB mgw_©Z evsjv †jLvi mdUIq¨vvi| weRq wK‡evW© Gi cª_g ms¯‹iY cªKvwkZ nq 16
wW‡m¤î 1988 mv‡j hv BDwb‡KvW wfwËK Aå wK‡evW© Avmvi c~e© ch©šÍ eûj eëüZ n†q‡Q|
 weRq evqvbœ Pvjz Kivi wbqg:-
 ÷vU© evUb †P‡c All Programs †Z hvb|
 AZtci Startup †dvìv‡i wK¬K Kiæb,
 Bijoy Bahanno wK¬K Kiæb
Zvn‡jB weRq evqvbœ Pvjz n‡q hv‡e| mvavibZ weRq †jAvDU wWdë fv‡e gwbU‡ii Dc‡i fvmgvb Ae¯’vq _v‡K|
 weRq †j AvD‡Ui ¯’vb cwieZ©b:- ‡W·Uc Gi Uv¯‹evi †_‡K weRq evqvbœi ‡jv‡Mv‡Z Wvb gvDm wK¬K Kiæb |
GLb Show as Topbar ‡Z wK¬K Kiæb Zvn‡jB w¯‹‡b cÖ`wk©Z n‡e| Avevi ¯‹x‡bi cv‡k meyR evU‡b wK¬K Ki‡j
Uv¯‹ev‡i P‡j Avm‡e Ges µm G wK¬K Ki‡j Avevi c~‡e©i wbq‡g †cÖvMÖvg dvBj †_‡K weRq evqv‡bœv Pvjy Kiv
hv‡e|
43 | P a g e
 weRq w`‡q evsjv †jLvi wbqg :- weRq wK‡evW© w`‡q evsjv †jLvi wbqg m¤ú‡K© ejvi Av‡M weRq Gi †ewmK wKQy
K_v Rvbv cÖ‡qvRb| weRq wK‡evW© w`‡q evsjv †jLvi wbqg Gi †¶‡Î Avgiv `yBwU Ackb †c‡q _vwK| hvi GKwU
Bijoy Classic Ges Ab¨wU Unicode.
Awdwmqvj KvR Kivi †ÿ‡Î mvavibZ gvB‡µvmdU IqvW© WKy‡g‡›U UvBc K‡i Zvici Zv wcÖ›U †_‡K ïiæ K‡i bvbvwea
Kv‡R eënvi Kiv n‡q _v‡K| Gi Rb¨ mvavibZ Ctrl+Alt+B †c«m K‡i SutonnyMJ d›U wm‡j± Kiv n‡q _v‡K| ïay
ZvB bq †ewki fvM Awdwkqvj Kv‡Ri †¶‡ÎI SutonnyMJ d›UwU eëüZ nq| GwUB n‡jv weRq K¬vwmK|
Avevi B›Uvi‡b‡U †jLv‡jwL Kivi †ÿ‡Î †hgb eøwMs ev AbjvBb †g‡mwRs Gi Rb¨ SutonnyMJ d›UwU eënvi Kiv hvq
bv| ZvB Avcbv‡K Ctrl+Alt+V †c«m K‡i UNICODE d›U wm‡j± K‡i UvBc Ki‡Z n‡e| GB d‡›Ui gva¨‡g AdjvBb
ev AbjvBb †h †Kvb ¯’v‡b mvejxj fv‡e wjLv m¤¢e | GB c×wZi bvgB BDwb‡KvW|
myZivs g‡b ivL‡eb
• Ctrl+Alt+B = SutonnyMJ (weRq K¬vwmK )
• Ctrl+Alt+V = Nirmala UI/ Vrinda/Nikosh (weRq BDwb‡KvW )
12.5) Microsoft Word:-gvB‡µvmdU IqvW© (Microsoft Word), ms‡¶‡c GgGm IqvW© (MS Word) GKwU
¯^qsm¤ú‚Y© IqvW© cÖ‡mwms cÖ‡vMÖvg| gvB‡µvmdU IqvW©‡K A¨vwcø‡Kkb ‡cÖvMÖvgI ejv nq| Av‡gwiKvi weL¨vZ gvB‡µvmdU
†Kv¤úvwb KZ©…K evRviRvZKvix c¨v‡KR ‡cÖvMÖvg n‡”Q gvB‡µvmdU IqvW©| eZ©gv‡b gvB‡µvmdU IqvW© n‡jv eûj eëüZ
Ges e¨vcKfv‡e mgv`…Z IqvW© cÖ‡mwms ‡cÖvMÖvg|
 gvB‡µvmdU IqvW© eënv‡ii mz‡hvM-mzweav:-

 mn‡RB WKz‡g‡›U kã, evK¨, c¨viv ms‡hvRb (Add) I AcÖ‡qvRbxq Ask †gvQv ev wWwjU (Delete) Kiv
hvq|
 WKz‡g‡›Ui †Kv‡bv Ask GK ¯’vb †_‡K Ab¨ ¯’v‡b ¯’vbvšÍi Kiv hvq|
 WKz‡g‡›Ui †Kv‡bv Ask evi evi bv wj‡L Kwc Kiv hvq|
 GK dvBj †_‡K cÖ‡qvRbxh় Ask Ab¨ dvB‡j ¯’vbvšÍi I Kwc Kiv hvq|
 WKz‡g‡›Ui †Kv‡bv k‡ãi cwie‡Z© ¯^qswµqfv‡e bZzb kã emv‡bv hvq|
 evbvb I e¨vKiYMZ fzj ms‡kvab Kiv hvq|
 GKB k‡ãi wewfbœ mgv_©K kã cÖwZ¯’vcb Kiv hvq|
 wewfbœ AvKv‡ii KvM‡R KvR Kiv hvq|
 †g‡gvwi‡Z WKz‡g›U msi¶Y Kiv hvq Ges cÖ‡qvR‡b msiw¶Z WKz‡g‡›Ui Abzwjwc cÖ¯Z Íz Kiv hvq|
 †g‡gvwi‡Z msiw¶Z WKz‡g›U KvM‡R gzw`ÖZ Kiv hvq A_ev Ab¨ †Kv‡bv gva¨‡g cvVv‡bv hvq|
 gvB‡µvmdU IqvW© eënvi K‡i GmvBbg¨v‡›Ui Rb¨ Kfvi †cR ˆZix Kiv hvq|
 wewfbœ †Uwej ˆZix K‡i WvUv msiÿY K‡i ivLv hvq|
 PvU© ev MÖvd AvKv‡i Z_¨-DcvË mg~‡ni Zzjbvg~jK †iLv wPÎ ˆZix Kiv hvq |
 GKB wPwV wewfbœ e¨vw³i Kv‡Q wfbœ wfbœ wVKvbvq mnR Dcv‡q cvVv‡bv hvq|
 gvB‡µvmdU IqvW© Pvjz Kiv :- gvB‡µvmd&U Gi official package Uv Avm‡jB complete GKUv
package. hvi gva¨‡g cÖvq me ai‡bi Awdwmqvj ev ˆ`bw›`b KvR Kiv hvq|
3 fv‡e Avgiv Ih়vW© I‡cb Ki‡Z cvwi|
 programme > Microsoft word G wK¬K Ki‡ev|
 search box G wM‡q microsoft office wj‡L mvP© Ki‡ev|
 ‡W¯‹Uc Kw¤úDUv‡ii †h ¯’v‡b gvB‡µvmdU IqvW© I‡cb Ki‡Z PvB,‡mLv‡b gvDm Gi Right button wK¬K
Ki‡e| Zvici new > microsoft word G wK¬K Ki‡ev|
44 | P a g e
 gvB‡µvmdU IqvW© cwiwPwZt GLb IqvW© ivb n‡j wb‡Pi gZ screen †`L‡Z cvi‡eb| ‡h Uzjevi ¸‡jv †`Lv
hv‡”Q G¸jv LzeB ìKvix| wb‡P we¯ÍvwiZ eY©bv †Ìqv n‡jv |
 Microsoft Office Button-GB evUbwU‡K dvBj †gbz I ejv nq| ïaygvÎ gvB‡µvmdU IqvW© 07 G
Awdm evUb Av‡Q| Z‡e Ab¨vb¨ gvB‡µvmdU¸‡jv‡Z ‡hgb gvB‡µvmdU 10,13,16 †Z dvBj †jLv Av‡Q|
 Title Bar- GK`g Dc‡ii Ask‡K UvB‡Uj evi ejv nq| G As‡k dvBjwU †h bv‡g †mf Kiv n‡e, Zv †`Lv
hv‡e |
 Menu Bar- GB dvBjwU wVK UvB‡Uj ev‡ii wb‡P Ae¯’vb K‡i| GLv‡b IqvW© dvBj Gi †gbz ¸‡jv
Aew¯’Z| †hgb- †nvg,BbmvU©,wfD BZ¨vw`|
 Ribbon Bar/ Sub Menu Bar- cÖwZwU †gbz‡Z Avevi mve †gbz Aew¯’Z| †hgb -‡nvg †gbz‡Z Av‡Q ez‡jU,
GjvBb‡g›U BZ¨vw`|
 Verticle Scroll Bar- IqvW© dvBj Gi cv‡k †QvU GKwU evi Av‡Q | GB evi‡K fvwU©‡Kj evi e‡j| Gi
mvnv‡h¨ Dci †_‡K gvD‡mi ivBU evUb w`‡q wK¬K K‡i a‡i wb‡Pi w`‡K †U‡b Avbv hvq|
 Horizontal Scroll Bar- IqvW© dvBj Gi wb‡P †QvU GKwU evi Av‡Q | GB evi‡K nwi‡Rv›Uvj evi e‡j|
Gi mvnv‡h¨ evUb w`‡q wK¬K K‡i a‡i cvkvcvwk †U‡b †bIqv hvq|
 Work Aria- gv‡Si dvKuv¯’vb‡K IqvK© Gwiqv e‡j | GLv‡b Kvm©i †i‡L Avgiv †jLv †jwLi KvR Ki‡Z
cvwi |
 wgwbgvBR evUb- †h‡Kv‡bv ‡cÖvMÖv‡gi UvB‡Uj ev‡ii Wvb †Kvbvq Aew¯’Z evUb‡K wgwbgvBR evUb ejv nq| G
evU‡b wK¬K Ki‡j c`©vq Pvjz ‡cÖvMÖvgwU ÷¨vUvm ev‡ii g‡a¨ ¶z`Ö AvBK‡b cwiYZ n‡e|
 g¨vw·gvBR evUb- †h‡Kv‡bv ‡cÖvMÖv‡gi UvB‡Uj ev‡ii Wvb †Kvbvq _v‡K|
12.6)Kvm©i :- Kvm©i n‡jv GKwU †QvU Av‡jvK‡iLv| G †iLv w`‡q gwbU‡ii c`©vq Kv‡Ri ¯’vb wbw`©ó Kiv nq|
Kw¤úDUv‡i mvaviYZ ¯^qswµqfv‡e Kvm©i wbqš¿‡Yi eë¯’v _v‡K| ÷vU© †gb¨z †_‡K gvB‡µvmdU Iqv‡W© cÖ‡ek Ki‡j
wWdëfv‡e GKwU mv`v †cR I‡cb n‡e| ILv‡b GKwU `vM R¡‡j Ges wb‡f| †mwU‡K e‡j Kvm©i|
 Kvm©i gyf‡g›U I ¯Œwjs :- WKz‡g›U Gwiqvi †hLv‡b †U·U i‡q‡Q Lze mn‡R gvDm Øviv wK¬K K‡i †mLv‡b Kvm©i
¯’vcb Kiv‡bv hv‡e| WKz‡g‡›U hLb †ek K‡qK cvZv †jLv _vK‡e ZLb c…ôvi wb‡Pi Ask †`Lv hvq bv| ZLb
¯Œjevi †P‡c mn‡RB †m ¯’v‡b hvIqv m¤¢e| Kvm©I †hLv‡b _v‡K Kx‡ev‡W©i †h †Kvb Kx Pvc‡j ‡mLvb †_‡K
†jLv ïiæ K‡i |
cÖ_‡g GKwU PgrKvi kU©KvU dvskb eënvi K‡i wKQz m¨v¤új †U·U BbmvU© Ki‡ev| GRb¨ Kx‡evW© †_‡K
=rand() UvBc Kiæb Ges Kx‡ev‡W© G›Uvi (Enter) Kx Pvczb|
j¶¨ Kiæb, ¯^qswµqfv‡e †ek wKQz †U·U Kvm©i †hLv‡b wQj †mLv‡b ms‡hvRb n‡q‡Q|
wb‡Pi wP‡Î wKfv‡e ¯Œjevi eënvi Ki‡eb Zvi eY©bv †Ìqv n‡jv |
45 | P a g e
[‡bvU: Avcwb B‡”Q Ki‡j gvD‡mi ûBj Nzwi‡q WKz‡g‡›Ui Dc‡i Ges wb‡P Mgb Ki‡Z cvi‡eb|]
G KvRwU ¯Œjev‡ii Ic‡ii Up-Arrow Ges Down Arrow evUb †P‡cI Ki‡Z cv‡ib| Dc‡ii wP‡Î †`Lv hvq ,
WKz‡g›U Gwiqvq `zwU ¯Œjevi i‡q‡Q| G‡ì GKwU WKz‡g›U Gwiqv Dci-wbP gzf Kiv‡bv hvq, Zv‡K Vertical Scroll
Bar e‡j Ges Ab¨wU WKz‡g›U Gwiqvq evg-Wvb gzf Kiv‡bv hvq, Zv‡K Horizontal Scroll Bar e‡j|
fvwU©K¨vj ¯Œjevi eënvi K‡i †h mg¯Í KvR Ki‡Z cvi‡eb Zv wb‡gœ ewY©Z n‡jv:-
 Dc‡ii G¨v‡iv Kx eënvi K‡i WKz‡g›U DB‡Ûvi GKwU jvBb Dc‡i gzf Kiv hvq|
 wb‡Pi G¨v‡iv Kx eënvi K‡i WKz‡g›U DB‡Ûvi GKwU jvBb wb‡P gzf Kiv hvq|
 Page up G¨v‡iv evUb eënvi K‡i c~ieZ©x c…ôvq hvIqv hvq|
 Page down G¨v‡iv evUb eënvi K‡i c‚ee© Z©x c…ôvq hvIqv hvq|
01|‡jLv‡jwLi Rb¨ ˆZix eënvwiK c¨v‡KR †cÖvMÖvg EËit c¨v‡KR †cÖvMÖvg|
†KvbwU? 09|‡Kvb md&UIq¨v‡ii mvnv‡h¨ cÖ‡dkbvj wbDR‡jUvi
EËit IqvW© ‡cÖv‡mwm©s ‡cÖvMÖvg I wi‡cvU© ˆZwi Kiv hvq?
02| Ok Ges Cancel A_ev Close †evZvg †Kv_vq EËit Word Processor.
_v‡K? 10|ZR©bx Av½yj w`‡q gvD‡mi †evZvg Pvc w`‡q †Q‡o
EËit WvqvjM e‡·| †`qv‡K Kx e‡j?
03| File, Edit, Help, View BZ¨vw` kã ¸‡jv EËit wK¬K Kiv|
†Kv_vq †jLv _v‡K? 11|gvDm c‡q›Uvi †Kv_vq AvB.we.Gg G iƒcvšÍwiZ nq?
EËit ‡gbzev‡i EËit †jLv‡jwLi †fZ‡i|
04|Kvm©i (Cursor) wK? 12|wK‡m AmsL¨ KgvÛ Ackb _v‡K?
EËit Av‡jvK †iLv EËit WvqvjM e‡·|
05|‡gbzev‡i KqwU †gbz Av‡Q| 13|cÖvq me WvqvjM e‡· †Kvb evUb ¸‡jv _v‡K?
EËit 9wU EËit OK, Close
06|gvB‡µvmdU IqvW© Pvjzi mv‡_ mv‡_ ¯^qswµq fv‡e 14|me WvqvjM e‡· †Kvb †evZvg _v‡Kbv?
†KvbwU †Lv‡j? EËit Apply.
EËit bZzb WKz‡g›U| 15|‡Lvjv DB‡Ûvi bvg †`Lv hvq †KvbwU‡Z?
07| gvB KgwcDUvi nj——– Õ EËit UvB‡Uj ev‡i|
EËit WKz‡g›Ui †dvìvi| 16| gvB‡µvmdU Iqv‡W©i G·‡Ubkb bvg wK?
08|Gg.Gm IqvW© Kx ai‡bi md&UIq¨vi? EËit (.docx)
46 | P a g e
Î‡qv`k Aa¨vq
d›U,dvBj I †dvìvi
13.1) d›U :- d›U n†jv †Kvb fvlv †jLvi mvs†KwZK wPý¸†jvi wjwcgvjv ev ÷vBj | AvK…wZ I êwk‡óï wfbœZv ev
mvgÄm¨vc‚Y©Zvi wfwË†Z wfbœ wfbœ wjwcgvjv ev d›U bv†g cwiwPZ | wewfbœ ai†bi d›U †hgb- Bs†iRxi Rb¨ Avwiqvj,
ezKg¨vb,†R†bfv Ges evsjvi Rb¨ mz†jLv, weRq, cÖeZ©b wjwc , Avb›` BZ¨vw` |
Avcwb hw` Kw¤úDUv‡i bZzb †nvb Zvn‡j Avcbvi g‡b cªkœ Avm‡Z cv‡i d›U wK? d›U k‡ãi A_© eY©gvjv| mnR fvlvq
ejv hvq †h,‡jLvi wewfbœ ÷vBj‡K d›U e‡j| ‡hgb Avgv‡ì wewfbœ eÜzi nv‡Zi †jLv wewfbœ iKg nq| Kv‡iv nv‡Zi †jLv
†cuPv‡bv,Avevi Kv‡ivi nv‡Zi †jLv †MvUv †MvUv| GB iKg wewfbœ ÷vBj My‡jv‡K Avgiv d›U ewj|
gvB‡µvmd&U Iqv‡W© evsjv ev Bs‡iRx‡Z wjL‡Z †M‡j d›U m¤ú‡K© fv‡jv aviYv _vK‡Z n‡e | cÖ_‡g gvB‡µvmdU
IqvW© I‡cb K‡i Home>Font n‡Z cQ›`gZ d›U evQvB Ki‡Z n‡e |
evsjv d›U Gi Rb¨ Sutonny mj,kalpurush,Nikosh BZ¨vw` Ges Bs‡iRx d›U Gi Rb¨ Times New
Romans, Calibri, Arial BZ¨vw` d›U eënvi Kiv nq | d›U ‡PÄ Kivi ci weRq Kx †evW© †mU Ki‡ev | weRq Kx
†evW©wU Kw¤úDUv‡i BÝUj K‡i †`qvi ci GwU eënv‡ii Rb¨ †mU Kiv cÖ‡qvRb | gvB‡µvmdU IqvW© I‡cb K‡i Kx †evW©
†_‡K Ctrl+Alt+B ‡cÖm K‡i weRq †j AvDU G weRq K¬vwmK †_‡K Bs‡iRx I Bs‡iRx †_‡K weRq K¬vwmK G iæcvšÍi
Kwi-
myZbx GgwR Gi †ÿ‡Î weRq K¬vwmK Ges wbKk, Kvjcyiæl,wbigvjv BDAvB d›U BZ¨vw` Gi †ÿ‡Î BDwb‡KvW d›U
eënvi Kiv nq |
 Rbwc«q evsjv d›U :- evsjvq ‡hme d›U AZ¨šÍ Rbwc«q ‡m¸‡jvi g‡a¨ wb‡gœv³¸‡jv we‡klfv‡e cwiwPZ|
1.myZš^x 6. wPÎv Gg‡R
2.Zš^x 7. cvÛzwjwc
3.mykªx 8. wbKk
4.P›`ªveZx 9. wbigvjv
5.wiswK 10. b‡Uv mvb
 Rbwc«q Bs‡iRx d›U :- Bs‡iRx‡Z ‡hmKj d›U AZ¨šÍ Rbwc«q ‡m¸‡jvi g‡a¨ wb‡gœv³¸‡jv we‡klfv‡e
cwiwPZ|
1. Times new romans 3. Arial
2. Calibri 4. Cambia
 d‡›Ui MVb I AvK…wZ :- Kw¤úDUv‡ii Kvh©µ‡g evsjvq wewfbœ c«wZôv‡bi ‰Zwi wjwcgvjv Zv‡ì wb‡R‡ì ‡`qv
bv‡g cwiwPZ| AvK…wZi w`K ‡_‡K G‡ì wfbœZv Kg| A_©vr AvK…wZMZ w`K ‡_‡K G‡ì wfbœZv Kg weavq
G‡ì eënvwiK Ae¯’vqI wfbœZv A‡c¶vK…Z Kg nq| d‡›Ui MV‡b wfbœZv cwijw¶Z nq weavq Kvh©KvwiZvI
47 | P a g e
wfbœZvc~Y©| Avb›` Kw¤úDUv‡ii A‡bK¸‡jv wjwcgvjv Av‡Q| ‡hgb- Avb›`, Avb›`cÎ, wibwK, P›`«veZx,
myZ¤^x, gûqv, ‡gNbv, XvKvi wPwV, cvÛywjwc, mykªx, kªx BZ¨vw`|
 AvK…wZMZ w`K n‡Z Bs‡iwR d‡›Ui cÖKvi‡f`:- AvK…wZMZ w`K n‡Z Bs‡iwR d›U‡K `yÕfv‡M fvM Kiv nq|
h_v-
• ‡mwid d›U
• ‡mÝ ‡mwid d›U
mvaviYZ ejv hvq ‡mwid d‡›Ui A¶i¸‡jv ‡kl cÖvšÍ ch©šÍ evov‡bv _v‡K| Ab¨w`‡K ‡mÝ ‡mwi‡d d‡›Ui ‡kl
cÖvšÍ¸‡jv _v‡K mgvb| UvBg ‡ivgvb ‡Mv‡Îi d›U¸‡jv ‡mwid Ges ‡nj‡ewUK ‡Mv‡Îi d›U¸‡jv n‡”Q ‡mÝ ‡mwid
d‡›Ui D`vniY| Kvh©‡¶‡Î ‡mwid d›U Ges ‡mÝ ‡mwid d›U AZxe ¸iæZ¡c~Y©|
13.2) dvBj /‡dvìvi:-

 dvBj :- hLb †Kvb WKz‡g›U †K †Kvb bvg w`‡q msi¶Y Kiv nq, ZLb Zv‡K dvBj e‡j|
dvBj ˆZix Kiv :- †W¯‹Uc w¯Œ‡bi dvuKv RvqMvq gvD‡mi Wvb evUb wK¬K Ki‡Z n‡e|New Gi Aax‡b Text
Document wK¬K Ki‡Z n‡e|†h †Kvb bvg UvBc K‡i G›Uvi Pvc‡j GKwU dvBj ‰Zix n‡q hv‡e|
 ‡dvìvi :- ‡dvìv‡ii g‡a¨ dvBj ivLv nq| ZvQvW়vI †dvìv‡ii g‡a¨ †dvìviI ivLv hvh়, G‡K mve-‡dvìvi e‡j|
†dvìvi ˆZix Kiv t-†W¯‹Uc w¯Œ‡bi dvuKv RvqMvq gvD‡mi Wvb †evZvg wK¬K Ki‡Z n‡e| New Gi Aax‡b
Folder wK¬K Ki‡Z n‡e| †h †Kvb bvg UvBc K‡i G›Uvi Pvc‡j GKwU †dvìvi ‰Zix n‡q hv‡e|
 dvBj/‡dvìv‡ii bvg cwieZ©b :- ‡dvìvi/dvBj wm‡j± K‡i gvD‡mi Wvb †evZvg wK¬K Ki‡Z n‡e|kU©KvU †gbz
n‡Z Rename Ack‡b wK¬K Ki‡Z n‡e| cwiewZ©Z bvg UvBc K‡i G›Uvi Kx Pvc‡Z n‡e|
 dvBj/‡dvìvi gy‡Q †djv :- ‡dvìvi/dvBj wm‡j± K‡i Delete Kx Pvc‡j †dvìvi/dvBj gy‡Q hv‡e| gy‡Q hvIqv
†dvìvi/dvBj wimvB‡Kj web †dvìv‡i P‡j hv‡e|
 gyQv †dvìvi/dvBj wimvB‡Kj web n‡Z †diZ Avbv t
– wimvB‡Kj web AvBKb Wej wK¬K K‡i I‡cb Ki‡Z n‡e|

– †h †dvìvi/dvBj †diZ Avbv n‡e Zv wm‡j± Ki‡Z n‡e|
– dvBj †gby n‡Z wi‡óvi wK¬K Ki‡j gyQv †dvìvi/dvBj h_v¯’v‡b P‡j hv‡e|
 †dvìvi/dvBj wimvB‡Kj web n‡Z ¯’vqxfv‡e gyQv t
– Recycle Bin AvBKb Wvej wK¬K K‡i I‡cb Ki‡Z n‡e|
– File †gby n‡Z Empty Recycle Bin wK¬K Ki‡Z n‡e|
13.3)‡jLv wm‡j± ev eøK Kiv :- Avgiv KvU,Kwc, †c÷ mn hveZxq †h ai‡Yi KvR Kwi bv †Kb Zvi Rb¨ ‡jLv wm†j±
KivUv Riæix| Avgiv wewfbœ Dcv‡q †jLv wm‡j± Ki‡Z cvwi |
– gvD‡mi gva¨‡g : ‡h †jLv‡K wm‡j± Ki‡Z Pvb Zvi cÖ_‡g ev †k‡l wK¬K K‡i gvDm Gi evg †evZvg †P‡c †i‡L †h
ch©šÍ wm‡j± Ki‡eb †m ch©šÍ wM†q †Q‡o w`b|
– Kx‡ev‡W©i gva¨‡g : Kx‡evW© †_‡K Shift ‡P‡c a‡i A¨v‡iv Kx eënvi K‡i †jLv wm‡j± Kiv hvq |
– kã wm‡j±: hw` GKwU kã wm‡j± Ki‡Z nq , Zvn‡j Zvi Dci Kvm©i †i‡L Wvej wK¬K Kiæb , kãwU wm‡j± n‡e|
– c¨vivMÖvd wm‡j± :hw` GKwU c¨vivMÖvd wm‡j± Ki‡Z nq , Zvn‡j Zvi Dci Kvm©i †i‡L wÎcj wK¬K Kiæb ,
48 | P a g e
 ‡jLv gz‡Q †djv :-WKz‡g‡›Ui †jLv 2fv‡e gz‡Q †djv hvq |
– Backspace key:- Kx-‡evW© †_‡K Backspace key Pvc‡j Kvm©‡ii evg w`K n‡Z A¶i gz‡Q hv‡e |
– Delete key :- Kx-‡evW© †_‡K Delete key Pvc‡j Kvm©‡ii Wvb w`K n‡Z A¶i gz‡Q hv‡e |
13.4) File Menu :-
 New(Kx-‡evW© kU© KvU Kx-Ctrl+N):- GB mve‡gb¨zi mvnv‡h¨ WKz‡g›U-G bZzb †cR ˆZwi Kiv nq| KvR Ki‡Z
Ki‡Z bZzb dvB‡ji ìKvi n‡j dvBj †gb¨z‡Z wK¬K K‡i , New G wK¬K Ki‡j GKUv Task pane e· Avm‡e|
G Task pane e· †_‡K Blank Documents G wK¬K Ki‡j GKwU bZzb †cBR I‡cb n‡e|
 Open(Kx †evW© kU© KvU Kx-Ctrl+0):- Av‡Mi Save Kiv †Kvb dvBj‡K c`©vq Avb‡Z GB mve‡gbzi eënvi
nq|
– cÖ_‡g File †_‡K open G wK¬K Ki‡j GKwU WvqvjM e· Avm‡e |
– GLvb †_‡K Avgv‡ì Save Kiv dvBj wm‡j± K‡i Open KgvÛ evU‡b G wK¬K Ki‡Z n‡e| Zvn‡j Save
Kiv dvBj c`©vq I‡cb n‡e|
 Close (Kx-‡evW© kU© KvU Kx-Ctrl+W) :- KvR Kivi mgq hw` eZ©gvb mPj Kiv dvBjwU eÜ Kivi cÖ‡qvRb
nq Zvn‡j GB mve‡gbzi mvnv‡h¨ Zv Kiv nq|
– G‡¶‡Î File G wK¬K K‡i Close G wK¬K Ki‡Z n‡e|
– WKz‡g›UwU †mf bv _vK‡j †mf Ki‡Z Pvb| wKbv Zvi Rb¨ GKwU †PK e· Avm‡e| GLv‡b †mf Ki‡Z PvB‡j
Yes, †mf bv Ki‡Z PvB‡j No -‡Z wK¬K Kiæb|
 Save(Kx-‡evW© kU©KvU Kx-Ctrl+S):- KvR Kivi ci WKz‡g›U Kw¤úDUv‡i msi¶Y Ki‡Z nq| ‡Kvb dvBj‡K
†mf Kivi Rb¨ GB mve‡gbzwU eënvi Kiv nq|
– ‡Kvb WKz‡g›U msi¶Y Ki‡Z n‡j File > Save G wK¬K Ki‡j GKwU WvqvjM e· Avm‡e, Zvici dvBjwU
†Kv_vq ‡mf n‡e Zv †`wL‡q w`‡Z n‡e|
– mvaviYZ Avgiv My Documents G dvBj †mf Kwi| Avcwb B‡”Q Ki‡j Ab¨ WÖvB‡f †mf K‡i ivL‡Z
cv‡ib GKB wbqg AbzmiY K‡i|
– Gici wb‡Pi e· G Avcbvi cQ›` g‡Zv bv‡g †mf K‡i,me©‡kl Save G wK¬K Kiæb| Zvn‡j Avgv‡ì
eZ©gvb wjwLZ dvBjwU‡K Kw¤úDUv‡i †mf Kiv hv‡e |
 Save As (Kx †evW© kU© KvU Kx- F12) :- Avgv‡ì Dc‡ii wbq†g †mf Kiv dvBjwU Ab¨ Av‡iKwU bv‡g †mf
Kivi Rb¨ GB mve‡gbzwUi eënvi Kiv nq| Avgiv †Kvb dvBj wb‡q KvR Ki‡j Zvi GKwU cÖwZwjwc K‡i KvR
Kwi | G‡Z g‚j dvBjwU A¶Z _v‡K| GB cÖwµqvwU †mf Kivi gZB| ïazgvÎ G‡Z dvBjwUi Av‡iKwU Kwc ˆZix
Kiv nq Ges IB dvBjwUB Ab¨ bv‡g †mf Kiv hvq |
13.5) Clipboard:-
 ‡jLv Kwc (Copy) Kiv :- †Kvb †jLv evi evi eënvi Kivi c×wZB n‡jv Kwc Kiv| myZivs Kwc Ki‡Z n‡j-
cÖ_‡g †jLv wm‡j± Ki‡Z n‡e|
– Home wieb n‡Z Clipboard Gi Aaxb Copy KgvÛ wK¬K Ki‡Z n‡e|
– A_ev Ctrl+C Pvc‡Z n‡e|
– H †jLv †hLv‡b emv‡Z n‡e Kvm©i †mLv‡b †i‡L cybivq Home wieb n‡Z Clipboard Gi Aaxb Paste
KgvÛ wK¬K Ki‡Z n‡e|
– A_ev Ctrl+V Pvc‡Z n‡e|
 †jLv KvU (Cut) Kiv:- †Kvb †jLv‡K †K‡U GK ¯’vb n‡Z Ab¨ ¯’v‡b †bqvB n‡jv †jLv KvU Kiv | myZivs †Kvb
†jLv †K‡U Ab¨ RvqMvq †bqvi Rb¨ -
– †jLv‡K wm‡j± Ki‡Z n‡e|
– Edit Menu n‡Z Cut wK¬K Ki‡Z n‡e|
49 | P a g e
– A_ev Ctrl+X Pvc‡Z n‡e|
– H †jLv †hLv‡b emv‡Z n‡e Kvm©i †mLv‡b †i‡L cybivq Edit Menu n‡Z Paste wK¬K Ki‡Z n‡e|
– A_ev Ctrl+V Pvc‡Z n‡e
 Format Painter :- Avgiv †Kvb †jLvi mvBR, ÷vBj, di‡gU BZ¨vw` Kwc Ki‡Z PvB‡j di‡gU †cB›Uvi
eënvi Kiv nq |
– cÖ_‡g †h †jLvi ÷vBj Kwc Ki‡ev †mB †jLvUv wm‡j± Ki‡ev|
– Clipboard > Format Painter wK¬K Ki‡ev |
– GLb †h †jLvUvi di‡gU cwieZ©b Ki‡ev †mB †jLvUv wm‡j± Ki‡jB †jLvi di‡gU c~‡e© wm‡j±K…Z
†jLvi di‡g‡Ui b¨vq n‡q hv‡e |
01|dvBj Kwc ev ¯’vbvšÍi cÖwµqvi P‚ovšÍ wb‡`©k nj? K‡i †K¬vR †gbz‡Z wKK Ki‡j A_ev Kx‡evW© †_‡K Ctrl+F4
DËit -Copy †P‡c Ges ÷vU‡gbzev‡ii I‡cb Kiv †dvìvi ev dvBj
02|P›`ÖveZx n‡jv- AvBK‡b gvD‡mi Wvb evU‡b wKK K‡i †K¬vR †gbz‡Z wK¬K
EËit evsjv d‡›Ui bvg Ki‡j †dvìvi ev dvBj †K¬vR n‡q hv‡e|
03|weRq Kx‡evW© eënvi Kivi Rb¨ Kx UvBc Ki‡Z nq? 11| wKfv‡e ‡jLv c~‡e©i Ae¯’vq Avbv hvq?
EËit Ctrl+Alt+B EËit- Kx‡evW© †_‡K Ctrl+Z ‡cÖm Kiæb|
04|A¶i KvUv ev †gvQvi Rb¨ †Kvb KgvÛ eënvi Kiv nq? 12| wKfv‡e Av‡Ûv Kiv ‡jLv ev` †Ìqv hvq?
EËit wWwjU ev e¨vK‡¯úm EËit- Kx‡evW© †_‡K Ctrl+Y ‡cÖm Kiæb|
05| MS word-G Select All Gi kU©KvU KgvÛ wK? 13| Save I Save As Gi g‡a¨ cv_©K¨ Kx?
EËit Ctrl+A DËi: †Kvb WKz‡g›U ˆZwi Kivi ci †mwU‡K cÖ_g ev‡ii gZ
06|wb‡Pi †KvbwU Bs‡iRx d›U bq? †mf Ki‡Z PvB‡j Save eënvi Kiv nq| GKB WKz‡g›U‡K
EËit P›`ÖveZx Ab¨ bv‡g †mf Ki‡Z PvB‡j Save as eënvi Kiv nq |
07|‡dvìvi cÖKZ … c‡ÿ GKwU AvBKb hvi wfZ‡i Kx _v‡K? 14|MS Word Gi Menu Bar G eëüZ Menu ¸‡jvi
EËit AwZwi³ †dvìvi I dvBj| bvg wK wK?
08|‡W·U‡ci G‡Kev‡i Dc‡ii As‡k †h evi _v‡K Zv‡K DËi : File, Edit, View, Insert, Format, Tools,
Kx e‡j? Table, Window, Help.
EËit UvB‡Uj evi|
15| File Menu Bar G eëüZ PviwU Sub- Menu Gi
09|wKfv‡e GKwU bZzb †dvìvi †bIqv hvq?
bvg wjL?
DËit- †Kvb WÖvB‡f, †W·U‡c ev †Kvb ‡dvìvi I‡cb K‡i
DËi: Save, Save As, Print, New file, Open File
†hLv‡b GKwU bZzb †dvìvi cÖ‡qvRb †mLv‡b gvD‡mi Wvb
16|czivZb WKz‡g›U Open Kivi Rb¨ †Kvb †gbz‡Z wK¬K
evU‡b wKK K‡i New>Folder G wKK Ki‡j GKwU New
Ki‡Z nq-
Folder bv‡g bZzb †dvìvi ˆZwi n‡e|
EËit File
10|KZ fv‡e dvBj ev †dvìvi †K¬vR Kiv hvq?
17| Save A_© wK?
DËit- wewfbœ fv‡e dvBj ev †dvìvi †K¬vR Kiv hvq| †hgbt
EËit msi¶Y Kiv
†K¬vR evU‡b wKK K‡i, I‡cb Kiv †dvìvi Gi dvB‡j wK¬K
50 | P a g e
PZ©z`k Aa¨vq
Kx †evW© cwiwPwZ I wcÖ›U Kivi c×wZ
14.1)Kx‡evW© cwiwPwZ :- mvavibZ Kx †evW© G 104 ev †Kvb †Kvb Kx †evW© G Zvi †ekx Kx- Av‡Q| eënv‡ii wfwË‡Z Kx-
‡evW©‡K 05 fv‡M fvM Kiv hvq|
– dvskb Kx :- Kx †evW© Gi Dc‡ii w`‡K evg cv‡k F1 n‡Z F12 ch©šÍ Kx ¸‡jv‡K dvskb Kx ejv nq|
dvskb Kx †gvU 12wU Av‡Q |
– A¨v‡iv Kx :- Kx †ev‡W©i Wvb w`‡K c…_Kfv‡e 04 wU Kx Av‡Q | Kx ¸‡jvi Dc‡i A¨v‡iv ev Zxi wPý
_v‡K| hv w`‡q mn‡RB Kvm©i‡K Wv‡b-ev‡g, Dc‡i ev wb‡P wb‡q hvIqv hvq |
– Avjdv †ewUK Kx - Kx †ev‡W©i †h As‡k Bs‡iRx eY©gvjv mvRv‡bv _v‡K Zv‡K Avjdv †ewUK Kx e‡j |
†hgb- A,s, d, f etc.
– wbD‡gwiK Kx- Kx †ev‡W© As‡Ki mv‡_ m¤úwK©Z Kx ¸‡jv‡K wbD‡gwiK Kx e‡j | †hgb- 0-9,+,*
BZ¨vw`|
– GQvovI Av‡iK ai‡Yi Kx Av‡Q †h¸‡jv‡K we‡kl Kx e‡j | †hgb- Space bar, Tab, Caps lock
BZ¨vw`|
 dvskb Kx :- Kx‡ev‡W© dvskb Kx 12 wU | wb‡P cÖwZwU dvskb Kx Gi KvR m¤ú‡K© Av‡jvPbv Kiv n‡jv |
• F1 - GwU †ní wnmv‡e KvR K‡i |
• F2 - dvBj / †dvìvi wi‡bg Kivi Rb¨ eëüZ nq |
• F3 - mvP© Ackb I‡cb Kivi Rb¨ eëüZ nq|
• F4 - Alt+F4 G †cÖm Ki‡j PjšÍ DB‡ÛvwU †K¬vR n‡e Ges †W¯‹Uc n‡Z G `zwU Kx †cÖm Ki‡j kvU WvDb Ackb
Avm‡e | Ctrl+F4 G wK¬K K‡i mve DB‡Ûv ¸‡jv eÜ Kiv hvq|
• F5 - WKz‡g›U wi‡dÖ‡mi KvR K‡i| Avi gvB‡µvmdU IqvW© I‡cb Kiv Ae¯’vq F5 wK¬K Ki‡j dvBÛ GÛ wi‡cøm
Ackb Avm‡e |
• F6 - Ctrl+Shift+F6 †cÖm K‡i gvB‡µvmdU IqvW© G GK WKz‡g›U n‡Z Ab¨ WKz‡g‡›U UMj Kiv hvq|
• F7 - gvB‡µvmdU Iqv‡W© MÖvgvi I †¯úwjs †PK Kiv hvq|
• F8 - DB‡ÛvR ÷vU Avc †gbz‡Z hvevi Rb¨ eëüZ nq |
• F9 - Gcj Kw¤úDUv‡ii Rb¨ eëüZ |
• F10 - Shift+F10 gvD‡mi ivBU evU‡bi KvR K‡i|
• F11 - eÖvDRv‡ii dzj ¯‹xb †`Lvq|
• F12 - gvB‡µvmdU Awd‡m †mf Gm DB‡Ûv I‡cb nq|
 we‡kl Kx :- D‡jøwLZ Kx Qvov Ab¨vb¨ Kx mg‚n †Kvb bv †Kvb we‡kl Kvh© m¤úv`b K‡i †mB mKj Kx †K we‡kl
Kx e‡j| wb‡P we‡kl Kx ¸‡jv m¤ú‡K© ms‡¶‡c Av‡jvPbv Kiv n‡jv|
• Esc : †Kvb wb‡`©k evwZj Ki‡Z †evSvq|
• Tab: c`©vq c¨vivMÖvd , Kjvg, Abz‡”Q` BZ¨vw` cÖ‡qvRb Abzmv‡i cÖ¯wÍz Zi Rb¨ GB Kx eënvi Kiv nq | U¨ve Gi
eënvi eûg~Lx | cieZ©x‡Z U¨ve m¤ú‡K© we¯ÍvwiZ Av‡jvPbv Kiv n‡q‡Q |
• Caps Lock : Bs‡iRx‡Z me A¶i †QvU ev eo nv‡Zi wjL‡Z GwU eëüZ nq|
• Shift : Avjv`v K‡i cÖwZwU kã‡K eo nv‡Zi wjL‡Z GB Kx eënvi Kiv nq|
• Ctrl : GB Kx Gi mv‡_ Ab¨ Kx GK mv‡_ †P‡c KgvÛ †Ìqv nq |
51 | P a g e
• Alt : wewfbœ †cÖvMÖv‡gi wfbœ wfbœ wb‡`©k †Ìqvi Rb¨ GB Kx eënvi Kiv nq|
• Enter : Kw¤úDUv‡ii †Kvb wb‡`©k‡K Kvh©Ki Ki‡Z GB Kx eëüZ nq|
• Delete /Backspace : †Kvb †jLv‡K gz‡Q †dj‡Z eëüZ nq|
• Home/End : Kvm©i †hLv‡bB _vKzK bv †Kb,Kvm©i‡K cÖ_‡g / †k‡l wb‡q Avm‡Z eëüZ nq|
• Page Down/ Page Up : Kvm©i‡K Dc‡i wb‡P wb‡q hvIqvi Rb¨ eëüZ nq|
• Space : evK¨ †jLvi mgq gvSLv‡b dvuKv ivL‡Z GB Kx wU eëüZ nq|
• Num Lock : bv¤^vi jK _vK‡j Kx †ev‡W©i Wvb cv‡ki msL¨v ¸‡jv UvBc Kiv hvq bv |
 U¨ve Gi eënvi :- IqvW© WKz‡g‡›U U¨ve wb‡q KvR Ki‡Z n‡j U¨ve wm‡j±i m¤ú‡K© Ávb _vKv AZxe Riæix|
U¨ve wm‡j±i fvwU©K¨vj iæjv‡ii Dc‡i Ges nwi‡Rv›Uvj iæjv‡ii
ev‡q Ae¯’vb K‡i|Õ
wWdë Ae¯’vq †jd&U U¨ve wm‡j± Kiv _v‡K| Z‡e wP‡Îi evg ¯’v‡b
wK¬K K‡i wfbœ U¨ve cÖ`k©b I wm‡j± Kiv hvq|
 wewfbœ ai‡Yi U¨ve:- IqvW© G mvavibZ 5 ai‡Yi U¨ve i‡q‡Q| G‡¶‡Î GB 5 ai‡Yi U¨v‡ei Av‡jvPbv Kiv
n‡jv|
– Left Tab:- †jd&U U¨ve †jLv‡K evg-GjvB‡g›U eivei ¯’vcb Ki‡Z cv‡i|
– Center Tab:- †m›Uvi U¨ve †jLv‡K †m›Uvi-GjvB‡g›U eivei ¯’vcb Ki‡Z cv‡i|
– Right Tab:- ivBU U¨ve †jLv‡K Wvb-GjvB‡g›U eivei ¯’vcb Ki‡Z cv‡i|
– Decimal Tab:- †Wwmgj U¨ve `kwgK m¤úbœ b¤î‡K `kwgK eivei ¯’vcb Ki‡Z cv‡i|
– Bar Tab:- evi U¨ve Øviv WKz‡g‡›U fvwU©K¨vj jvBb hz³ Kiv hvq|
 U¨ve hz³ Kiv :-
 †h c¨vivMÖvd wKsev jvB‡bi g‡a¨ U¨ve eënvi Ki‡Z Pvb Zv wm‡j± Kiæb|
 Gev‡i U¨ve wm‡j±i n‡Z cÖ‡qvRbxq U¨ve wm‡j± Kiæb|
 AZ:ci nwi‡Rv›Uvj iæjv‡ii Ici gvDm Øviv wK¬K K‡i U¨ve †mU Kiæb|
 nwi‡Rv›Uvj iæjvi eënvi K‡i U¨ve gz‡Q †djv:-
 †h c¨vivMÖvd wKsev jvB‡bi Ici cÖ‡qvM Kiv U¨ve gz‡Q †dj‡Z Pvb Zv wm‡j± Kiæb|
 j¶¨ Kiæb, nwi‡Rv›Uvj iæjv‡i U¨vemg‚n cÖ`wk©Z n‡”Q|
 Gev‡i gvDm Øviv WÖvM K‡i wb‡Pi w`‡K Avbzb Ges gvDm †Q‡o w`b|
 †`Lzb H ¯’v‡bi U¨ve gz‡Q †M‡Q|
 ‡gby KgvÛ †_‡K U¨ve hy³ Kiv :-
 cÖ‡qvRbxq c¨vivMÖvd wKsev jvBb wm‡j± Kiæb|
 Home U¨v‡ei Paragraph MÖæc wKsev c¨v‡bj Gi Wv‡bi †QvU G¨v‡iv wK¬K Kiæb|
 cÖ`wk©Z WvqvjM e· n‡Z Tabs evUb wK¬K Kiæb|
 Gev‡i cÖ_‡g Alignment Gi wbP n‡Z Left, Center, Right, Decimal I Bar n‡Z cÖ‡qvRbxq Ackb
wbe©vPb Kiæb|
52 | P a g e
 AZ:ci Tab stop position Gi wb‡Pi N‡i †hLv‡b U¨ve ¯’vcb Ki‡Z Pvb Zvi gvb UvBc K‡i Set evUb wK¬K
Kiæb|
 Ae‡k‡l Ok evUb wK¬K Kiæb|
14.2) wcÖ›U Kivi c×wZ :-wb‡P avivevwnKfv‡e wcÖ›U Kivi c×wZ Av‡jvPbv Kiv n‡jv| cÖ_‡g Kx †evW© †_‡K Ctrl+P
A_ev File>Print G wK¬K Ki‡Z n‡e | Zvn‡j GKwU B›Uvi‡dm Avm‡e|
• Name : G As‡k Avgiv Kw¤úDUv‡ii mv‡_ †h wcÖ›Uvi mshz³ _v‡K , †mB wcÖ›Uv‡ii g‡Wj bvg wm‡j± Ki‡ev|
Aek¨B g‡WjwU Kw¤úDUv‡i BÝUj _vK‡Z n‡e| hw` BÝUj bv _v‡K Zvn‡j g‡Wj bvgwU eªvDRvi †_‡K
WvDb‡jvW w`†q BÝUj Ki‡Z n‡e| BÝUj Kivi mgq Kw¤úDUviwUi mv‡_ wcÖ›UviwU ms‡hvM _vK‡Z n‡e |
• Page range : WKz‡g‡›Ui me †cR wcÖ›U Ki‡Z All wm‡j± Ki‡ev | †h †c‡R Kvm©i Av‡Q †mB †cRwU wcÖ›U
Ki‡Z Current Page wm‡j± Ki‡ev | Avi B”QvgZ †cR wcÖ›U Ki‡Z Page wd‡ì †mB †cR bv¤^vi ¸‡jv wè|
awi, †Kvb WKz‡g‡›Ui 3,4,7,8,9,10,11,17,23,29 GB †cR ¸‡jv wcÖ›U Ki‡ev | Zvn‡j Page range Gi
wd‡ì wjL‡ev 3-4,7-9,10,11,17,23,29 | Zvn‡jB Kvw•LZ †cR ¸‡jv wcÖ›U n‡e | †mvRv fv‡e ejv hvq
,cvkvcvwk †cR¸‡jvi †¶‡Î nvB‡db (-) I i¨vÛg †cR¸‡jvi †¶‡Î Kgv (,) eënvi Ki‡ev |
• Number of Copies: cÖwZ Uv †ccvi Gi KZ¸‡jv Kwc Ki‡ev,Zv wm‡j± Kivi R‡b¨ eëüZ |
• cwi‡k‡l OK wK¬K Ki‡jB wcÖ›U n‡q hv‡e |
14.3) wcÖ›Uvi cwiwPwZ :- wcÖ›U Kivi Rb¨ wcÖ›Uvi cÖ‡qvRb | evRv‡i wewfbœ cÖKv‡ii wcÖ›Uvi cvIqv hvq| Z‡e Kv‡Ri Dci
wbf©i K‡i wcÖ›Uvi‡K 2 fv‡M fvM Kiv hvq | (K) Bgc¨v± wcÖ›Uvi I (L) bb-Bgc¨vK&U wcÖ›Uvi |
o Bgc¨v± wcÖ›Uvi :- ‡h wcÖ›Uv‡i wcÖ›U ‡nW †h KvM‡R Qvcv nq Zv‡K ¯úk© K‡i, Zv‡K Bg‡c± wcÖ›Uvi ejv
nq| GwU GKwU axiMwZ m¤úbœ wcÖ›Uvi| av°v wcÖ›Uvi w`‡q UvBcivBUv‡ii g‡Zv KvM‡Ri Dci Pvc
w`‡q †jLv nh়| GB wcÖ›Uv‡ii †iR¨z‡jkb Kg| wcÖ‡›Ui mgq weiw³Ki kã nq| av°v wcÖ›Uvi `zB
ai‡bi nq| h_v-
o jvBb wcÖ›Uvi (Line Printer) :- jvBb wcÖ›Uv‡i cÖwZev‡i GKwU m¤ú‚Y© jvBb Qvcv nh়| GwU
av°v/Bg‡c± wcÖ›Uvi¸‡jvi g‡a¨ me‡P‡q `ªæZMwZi| jvBb wcÖ›Uvi cÖwZ wgwb‡U 200 †_‡K 3000 jvBb
Qvc‡Z cv‡i| jvBb wcÖ›Uvi‡K `zB fv‡M fvM Kiv hvh়| h_v - †PBb wcÖ›Uvi (Chain Printer) Ges
WÖvg wcÖ›Uvi (Drum Printer)|
 wmwiqvj wcÖ›Uvi (Serial Printer):-wmwiqj wcÖ›Uv‡i UvBc ivBUv‡ii g‡Zv GKev‡i gvÎ GKwU eY© Qvcv nq|
G‡K eY© wcÖ›Uvi I (Character Printer) e‡j| G¸‡jv LyeB axiMwZ m¤úbœ| G mKj wcÖ›Uv‡ii `vg Kg wKš‘
GwU GK bvMv‡o NÈvLv‡b‡Ki †ewk¶Y KvR Ki‡Z cv‡i bv, DËß n‡q c‡o| wmwiqvj wcÖ›Uvi‡K `zB fv‡M fvM
Kiv hvq| h_v-
– WU g¨vwUÖ· (Dot Matrix) :- WU g¨vwU· wcÖ›Uvi GKwU RbwcÖq wcÖ›Uvi| Z‡e Gi MwZ Ab¨vb¨ wcÖ›Uv‡ii Zzjbvq
Kg| AvqZvKv‡i mvRv‡bv KZK¸‡jv we›`z‡K WU g¨vwUÖ· e‡j| †hgb; we›`z¸‡jv 8wU mvwi Ges 12wU ¯Í‡¤¢ mvRv‡bv
_vK‡j Zv‡K e‡j 8 x 12 WU g¨vwUÖ·| GB we›`z¸‡jvi g‡a¨ wKQz we›`z wbe©vPb K‡i †h‡Kvb eY© dzwU‡q ‡Zvjv hvq|
– †WBwR ûBj (Daisy Wheel):- ‡WBwR ûBj wcÖ›Uvi n‡jv GK ai‡bi †Kvh়vwjwU wcÖ›Uvi| G wcÖ›Uv‡i GKwU P¨vÞv
PvKvi m‡½ mvB‡K‡ji †¯úv‡Ki g‡Zv A‡bK¸‡jv †¯úvK (Spoke) jvMv‡bv _v‡K| cÖwZwU ‡¯úv‡Ki gv_vq GKwU
eY© Ggem Kiv _v‡K| G PvKv evg †_‡K Wvbw`‡K ev Wvb †_‡K evgw`‡K mi‡Z cv‡i Avevi Nzi‡Z cv‡i| PvKv I
KvM‡Ri gvSLv‡b Kvwji wieb _v‡K| †Kvb eY© Qvcv‡Z †WBwR ûBj Ggb RvqMvq m‡i hvq hv‡Z me‡P‡q Dc‡ii
‡¯úvK KvM‡Ri †hLv‡b Qvcv‡Z n‡e †mLv‡b _v‡K|
53 | P a g e
 bb-Bgc¨v± wcÖ›Uvi (Non-Impact Printer) :- Aav°v wcÖ›Uv‡i Pvc bv w`‡q DËvc w`‡q A_ev Ab¨ †Kvb
Dcv‡q KvM‡R †jLv nq| me‡P‡q †ewk eëüZ K‡qK ai‡bi bb-Bgc¨v± wcÖ›Uvi n‡jv-
 B¼ †RU wcÖ›Uvi (Ink jet Printer), †jRvi wcÖ›Uvi (Laser Printer), _vg©vj wcÖ›Uvi (Thermal Printer)
– B¼ †RU wcÖ›Uvi (Ink jet Printer) :- ¯^í`vgx wcÖ›Uvi wn‡m‡e B¼‡RU wcÖ›Uvi RbwcÖq| mvaviYZ evmvevwo‡Z
B¼‡RU wcÖ›Uvi eënvi Kiv nq| K¨vbb evej‡RU, GBPwc †W¯‹‡RU, Gcmb ÷vBjvm BZ¨vw` wcÖ›Uvimg‚n B¼‡RU
wcÖ›Uvi|
– †jRvi wcÖ›Uvi (Laser Printer) :- †jRvi wcÖ›Uv‡i †jRvi iwk¥i mvnv‡h¨ KvM‡R †jLv dzwU‡q ‡Zvjv nq| Gi
MwZ I A‡bK †ewk | DbœZ g‡W‡ji †jRvi wcÖ›Uv‡i cÖwZ wgwb‡U 250 c…ôv Ges 300 †_‡K 1200 †iRz‡jk‡b
wcÖ›U Kiv hvh়| mvaviYZ †W·Uc cvewjwksGi Kv‡R †jRvi wcÖ›Uvi e¨vcKfv‡e eënvi Kiv nq| †jRvi wcÖ›Uv‡ii
Qvucv LzeB DbœZgv‡bi|
– _vg©vj wcÖ›Uvi (Thermal Printer) :- Gi wcÖ›U‡nW A‡bKUv WU g¨vwUÖ· wcÖ›Uv‡ii g‡Zv| Z‡e wc‡bi e`‡j
_v‡K KZK¸‡jv ê`¨zwZK †iva‡Ki we›`z| Qvcvi KvM‡R we‡kl ai‡bi ivmvqwbK c`v_© jvMv‡bv _v‡K| †Kvb eY©
Qvcv‡Z n‡j Zvi Abziæc we›`z ‡ivaK¸‡jvi ZvW়cÖevn Øviv DËß Kiv nq| G‡ZB KvM‡R †mB e‡Y©i Qvc D‡V
hvq|
14.4) cøUvi :- cøUvi n‡jv GK ai‡bi wcÖ›Uvi ev g‚`ÖK| GUv w`‡q A‡bK eo AvKv‡ii Qwei DbœZgv‡bi wcÖ›U Kiv nq,
†hgb: g¨vc, wej‡evW©, BZ¨vw`| ¯’cwZ, cÖ‡KŠkjx Ges Ab¨vb¨ ai‡bi bKkvwe` Ges hviv gvbwPÎ ˆZwi K‡ib
Zv‡ì m‚²vwZm‚² †iLvi mz¯úó I mwVK eënv‡ii Rb¨ cøUvi eënvi Kiv nq| cøUv‡i A‡bK PIW়v KvM‡R wcÖ›U
Kiv hvq, hv gvbwPÎ Ges wewfbœ cÖKvi bKkvi Rb¨ Acwinvh©|
wPÎ:- cøUvi
54 | P a g e
01| wewfbœ A¶i UvBc Ki‡Z Kx -‡ev‡W©i †Kv_vq Pvc 17| WU †gwUÖ· wcÖ›Uv‡ii gz`ÖY nq wK‡mi mvnv‡h¨ ?
w`‡Z nq| EËit wcb I wie‡Yi mvnv‡h¨|
DËit -‡evZv‡g (wK †Z ) 18| `zwU eY© ci¯úi‡K hz³ Ki‡Z ms‡hvM Kvix gaëZ©x
02| wbD‡gwiK wK c¨vW †Kv_vq _v‡K? ÔÔ Key Ó ‡KvbwU?
DËit -Kx-‡ev‡W©i Wvb w`‡K| EËit G
03| ‡Kvb ai‡bi wcÖ›Uvi me‡P‡q `ÖyZ MwZ‡Z DbœZgv‡bi 19| evsjv‡`k Kw¤úDUvi KvDwÝj Abz‡gvw`Z evsjv Kx-
wcÖ›U cÖ`v‡b m¶g? ‡evW© †jAvDU Gi bvg Kx?
DËit -‡jRvi wcÖ›Uvi EËit b¨vkbvj Kx-‡evW©|
04| †Kvb †gbz‡Z wcÖ›U KgvÛ _v‡K? 20| Bs‡iwR U evUb Øviv weRq evsjv Kx-‡ev‡W© Kx
EËit File †jLv hvq?
05| Bs‡iRx eo nv‡Zi A¶i UvBc Ki‡Z †Kvb †evZvg EËit R I S
cÖ‡qvRb? 21| Kx‡ev‡W©i Ctrl, Alt, Shift ¸‡jv†K wK e‡j ?
EËit CapsLock EËit Modifier Key .
06| F1 †_‡K F12 ch©šÍ Kx-¸‡jv‡K GK mv‡_ ejv 22| Kx‡ev‡W© KZ¸‡jv Kx _v‡K?
nq? EËit 104 ev Zvi †ekx I _vK‡Z cv‡i|
EËit dvskb Kx 23| †KvbwU D”P Nb‡Z¡i gz`ÖY hš¿?
07| dvskb wK †Kvb ¸wj?- EËit †jRvi wcÖ›Uvi|
EËit F1-F12 24| cøUvi Kx?
08| wcÖ›Uvi Kq ai‡bi nq I Kx Kx? Dt- gvbwPÎ I Ab¨vb¨ b·v wcÖ›U Kivi Rb¨ GK ai‡bi
EËit3 ai‡bi| †jRvi, BbK‡RU, WUg¨vwUÖ·| wcÖ›Uvi hv †cb Gi mvnv‡h¨ wcÖ›U n‡q _v‡K|
09| 0-9 ch©šÍ Key ¸‡jvi bvg Kx? 25| ‡cv÷ w¯ŒÞ Kx?
EËit Numeric Key EËit wcÖ›Uv‡ii fvlv|
10| wb‡Pi †KvbwU †¯úkvj Key? 26| †KvbwU dvskb Kx ?
EËit Space bar EËit F10.
11| K¨vcm jK Kx Rb¨ eënvi nq? 27| IqvW© cÖ‡mwms mdUIq¨vi U¨ve Kx GKevi Pvc‡j
EËit eo nv‡Zi †jLvi Rb¨ KZUzKz RvqMv m‡i?
12| Kx‡ev‡W© G¨v‡iv Kx- Gi msL¨v KqwU? EËit Avav BwÂ|
EËit 4wU| 28| ‡cv÷ w¯ŒÞ Kx?
13| wK-‡ev‡W© KqwU Alt Key Av‡Q? EËit wcÖ›Uv‡ii fvlv|
EËit 2 29| A-Z ch©šÍ Key ¸‡jvi bvg Kx?
14| wK-‡ev‡W© ESC KqwU? EËit Alphabetic Key
EËit 1
15| wK-‡ev‡W© Home Key KqwU?
EËit 1
16| GKwU Kx-‡ev‡W© KqwU dvskb Kx-_v‡K?
EËit 12wU|
55 | P a g e
cÂ`k Aa¨vq
Home ‡gbyevi
15.1) ‡ng †gbyevi (d›U mve‡gby) :-

 d›U cwieZ©b Kiv :- Bs‡iwR †_‡K evsjv Ges evsjv †_‡K Bs‡iwR d›U cwieZ©b Ki‡Z n‡j `zBwU Ackb
cwieZ©b Ki‡Z n‡e|
– Font Select (‡hgb- Bs‡iwR †jLvi Rb¨ Times New Roman Ges evsjv †jLvi Rb¨
SutonnyMJ)
– Bijoy cwieZ©b Kivi Rb¨ A_¨©vr Kx-‡evW© †_‡K Ctrl+Alt+B †P‡c cwieZ©b Ki‡Z n‡e|
• Bs‡iwR n‡Z evsjv Ki‡Z n‡j-
– Home †gbz n‡Z Font Click K‡i Font Tab n‡Z Sutonny MJ wm‡j± Ki‡Z n‡e|
– Ctrl+Alt+B †P‡c Kx-‡evW© cwieZ©b Ki‡Z n‡e| Gici wjL‡j evsjv wjLv Avm‡e|
• evsjv n‡Z Bs‡iwR Ki‡Z n‡j-
– Format †gbz n‡Z Font Click K‡i Font Tab n‡Z Times New Roman wm‡j± Ki‡Z n‡e|
– Ctrl+Alt+B †P‡c Kx-‡evW© cwieZ©b Ki‡Z n‡e| Gici wjL‡j Bs‡iwR wjLv Avm‡e|
 d›U mvBR cwieZ©b Kiv :- ‡Kvb †jLv‡K eo ev †QvU Ki‡Z n‡j,
– cÖ_‡g H †jLv‡K wm‡j± K‡i wb‡Z n‡e|
– Home †gbz n‡Z Font Size WÖcWvDb e†· wK¬K K‡i Pvwn`v †gvZv‡eK msL¨v wm‡j± Ki‡j d›U mvBR
A_¨©vr †jLvi mvBR cwieZ©b n‡e|
 ‡jLv †gvUv (Bold) Kiv-
– Home n‡Z B wK¬K Ki‡Z n‡e| A_ev Ctrl+B Pvc‡Z n‡e|
– czbivq D³ †evì Kiv †jLv wm‡j± K‡i Home Gi B wK¬K Ki‡j †evì D‡V hv‡e|
 ‡jLv evuKv (Italic) Kiv-
– Home n‡Z I wK¬K Ki‡Z n‡e| A_ev Ctrl+I Pvc‡Z n‡e|
– czbivq D³ BZvwjK Kiv †jLv wm‡j± K‡i Home Gi I wK¬K Ki‡j BZvwjK D‡V hv‡e|
 ‡jLv AvÛvi jvBb Kiv -
– Home n‡Z u wK¬K Ki‡Z n‡e| A_ev Ctrl+u Pvc‡Z n‡e|
– czbivq D³ AvÛvijvBb Kiv †jLv wm‡j± K‡i Home Gi u wK¬K Ki‡j AvÛvijvBb D‡V hv‡e|
 ‡jLv Dci wbP Kiv :-
 Superscript : ‡Kvb †jLv‡K Dc‡i wb‡q hvIqvi Rb¨ eënvi Kiv nq |
– cÖ_‡g ‡jLv‡K wm‡j± Ki‡ev |
– Home wieb n‡Z Font Gi Aaxb X2 (Superscript ) wK¬K Ki‡Z n‡e|
– A_ev Kx‡evW© kU©KvU Ctrl + Shift + + wK¬K Ki‡Z n‡e|
 Subscript : ‡Kvb †jLv‡K wb‡P wb‡q hvIqvi Rb¨ eënvi Kiv nq|
– Home wieb n‡Z Font Gi Aaxb X2 (Subscript ) wK¬K Ki‡Z n‡e|
56 | P a g e
– A_ev Kx‡evW© kU©KvU Ctrl += wK¬K Ki‡Z n‡e|
 ‡jLv GK avc K‡i eo/‡QvU Kiv :-
 Grow Font :- ‡jLv‡K GK avc K‡i eo Ki‡Z eëüZ nq |
– Home wieb n‡Z Font Gi Aaxb Grow font wK¬K Ki‡Z n‡e|
– A_ev Kx‡evW© kU©KvU Ctrl +]
 Shrink Font : ‡jLv‡K GK avc K‡i ‡QvU Ki‡Z eëüZ nq |
– Home wieb n‡Z Font Gi Aaxb Shrink font wK¬K Ki‡Z n‡e|
– A_ev Kx‡evW© kU©KvU Ctrl +[
 Text Highlight :- ‡jLv‡K AvKl©Yxq / ¸iæZ¡c‚Y© wn‡m‡e eënvi Ki‡Z eëüZ nq|
– Home wieb n‡Z Font Gi Aaxb Text Highlight ‡_‡K cQ›`gZ Kvjvi wm‡j± Ki‡ev |
 Font Color :- ‡jLvi d‡›Ui Kvjvi cwieZ©b Ki‡Z eëüZ nq|
– Home wieb n‡Z Font Gi Aaxb Font Color ‡_‡K cQ›`gZ Kvjvi wm‡j± Ki‡ev |
 Strikethrough :- ‡jLvi gvS Lvb †_‡K †K‡U w`‡Z eëüZ nq|
– Home wieb n‡Z Font Gi Aaxb Strikethrough wKK¬ Ki‡ev|
 Clear formatting :- ‡jLvi g‡a¨ eëüZ di‡gwUs ¸‡jv gz‡Q †dj‡Z eënvi Kiv nq|
– Home wieb n‡Z Font Gi Aaxb Clear formatting wKK¬ Ki‡ev|
 Change Case :- Aÿi †QvU/eo Ki‡Z eëüZ nq | wb‡P Change Case m¤ú‡K© we¯ÍvwiZ Av‡jvPbv Kiv
n‡jv |
 Sentence case :- 1g Aÿi eo I evwK Aÿi ¸‡jv †QvU AvKv‡i Avm‡e | ‡hgb- I have a book .
 Lower case:- me Aÿi †QvU AvKv‡i Avm‡e | ‡hgb- i have a book .
 Upper case :- me Aÿi eo AvKv‡i Avm‡e| †hgb- I EAT
 Capitalize each word :- cÖwZwU k‡ãi 1g Aÿi eo n‡e | †hgb- Man Is Mortal.
 tOGGLE case :- 1g Aÿi †QvU I evwK Aÿi ¸‡jv eo AvKv‡i Avm‡e | ‡hgb- sHE GOES TO
SCHOOL.
15.2) †nvg †gbyevi ( c¨vivMÖvd mve‡gby) :-
 Alignment :- c¨vivMÖvd‡K Wv‡b, ev‡g, Dci, wbP n‡Z ïiæ Kivi Rb¨ GjvBbg¨v›U eënvi Kiv nq|
GjvBbgv›U‡K Pvi (04) fv‡M fvM Kiv hvq|
 †jLv gvSLv‡b (Center) †bqv:-
• cÖ_‡g †jLv wm‡j± Ki‡Z n‡e|
• Home wieb n‡Z Paragraph wK¬K Ki‡Z n‡e |
• Center Align Button Click Ki‡Z n‡e|
• A_ev Ctrl+E Pvc‡Z n‡e|
 †jLv Wv‡b (Right Align) †bqv
57 | P a g e
• Home wieb n‡Z Paragraph Gi Aaxb Right Align Button Click Ki‡Z n‡e|
• A_ev Ctrl+R Pvc‡Z n‡e|
 †jLv ev‡g (Left Align) †bqv
• Home wieb n‡Z Paragraph Gi Aaxb Left Align Button Click Ki‡Z n‡e|
• A_ev Ctrl+L Pvc‡Z n‡e|
 †jLv Dfq cv‡k¦© mgvb (Justify) Kiv
• Home wieb n‡Z Paragraph Gi Aaxb Justify Button Click Ki‡Z n‡e|
• A_ev Ctrl+J Pvc‡Z n‡e|
 ez‡jU (Bullet ) †Ìqv :- †Kvb wKQz UvBc Kivi ci cÖwZwU c¨vivq ez‡jU Ki‡Z n‡j-c¨viv¸‡jv wm‡j± Ki‡Z
n‡e|
– Home wieb n‡Z Bullets and Numbering G wK¬K Ki‡j GKwU WvqvjM e· Avm‡e|
– Bulleted U¨ve wK¬K Ki‡Z n‡e|
– WvqvjM e· n‡Z cQ›`bxq Bullet Style wm‡j± K‡i OK wK¬K Ki‡j wm‡j± Kiv c¨viv¸‡jv‡Z ez‡jU
n‡e|
 ez‡jU (Bullet) DwV‡q †Ìqv
– c¨viv¸‡jv wm‡j± Ki‡Z n‡e|
– Home wieb n‡Z Bullets and Numbering G wK¬K Ki‡j GKwU WvqvjM e· Avm‡e|
– WvqvjM e· n‡Z None wm‡j± K‡i OK wK¬K Ki‡j wm‡j± Kiv c¨viv¸‡jv †_‡K ez‡jU D‡V hv‡e |
 jvBb bv¤^vwis (Line Numbering) Kiv:- ‡Kvb wKQz UvBc Kivi ci cÖwZwU c¨vivq Line Number ms‡hvRb
Ki‡Z PvB‡j-
– c¨viv¸‡jv wm‡j± Ki‡Z n‡e|
– Home wieb n‡Z Paragraph Gi Aaxb Number evU‡b wK¬K Ki‡j wm‡j± Kiv c¨viv¸‡jv‡Z
bv¤^vwis n‡e|
– jvBb bv¤^vwis (Line Numbering) wigzf Kiv
 Line Number wigzf Ki‡Z PvB‡j-
– c¨viv/c¨viv¸‡jv wm‡j± Ki‡Z n‡e|
– Home wieb n‡Z Paragraph Gi Aaxb Number evU‡b wK¬K Ki‡j wm‡j± Kiv c¨viv¸‡jv‡Z
bv¤^vwis wigzf n‡e|
 Indent :- cz‡iv c¨viv Wv‡b/ev‡g miv‡bvi Rb¨ eëüZ nq | Indent ‡K `yB fv‡M fvM Kiv hvq |
– Increase list level :- Paragraph Gi c„ôvi evg w`K n‡Z `~iZ¡ e„w× K‡i |
– Decrease list level :- Paragraph Gi c„ôvi evg w`K n‡Z `~iZ¡ Kwg‡q Av‡b |
 Sort:- GB Ackb Gi gva¨‡g †jLvi µg wba©viY Kiv nq| G‡K 2 fv‡M fvM Kiv hvq |
 Ascending :- ‡QvU †_‡K eo msL¨v / k‡ãi µg ea©gvb fv‡e mvRv‡Z GwU eëüZ nq| ‡hgb-
1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9|
 Descending :- eo †_‡K †QvU msL¨v w`‡q µg ea©gvb fv‡e mvRv‡Z GwU eënvi Kiv nq| ‡hgb-
9,8,7,6,5,4,3,2,1
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15.3) †nvg †gbyevi (Editing mve‡gby) :-
 dvBÛ (Find) :- WKz‡g‡›Ui ‡Kvb kã Ly‡R †c‡Z GB AckbwU eëüZ nq | WKz†g†›Ui cÖ_†g G†m Home
wieb Gi Editing Gi Aaxb Find G wK¬K Kiæb| c`©vq Find WvqvjM e· G wb‡Pi Ackb¸‡jv Avm‡e|
 find What : e†· †h IqvW© dvBÛ Ki‡Z n‡e Zv wjL‡Z n‡e| D`vniY¯îæc- e‡· Dhaka wjLzb|
 Find Next : GB e‡· wK¬K Ki‡j WKz‡g‡›Ui †hLv‡b Dhaka wjLv Av‡Q †mLv‡b Kvm©i wM‡q †_‡g hv‡e|
Avevi Find Next wK¬K Ki‡j WKz‡g‡›Ui c‡ii Dhaka Lz‡R †ei Ki‡e, Gfv‡e kã ‡LvuRv mgvß n‡j c`©vq evZ©v
Avm‡e|Ok evUb wK¬K Kiæb|
 wi‡cøm (Replace) :- WKz‡g‡›Ui †Kvb kã‡K Lzu‡R †ei K‡i Ab¨ kã Øviv cÖwZ¯’vcb Kivi Rb¨ G KgvÛ
AckbwU eënvi Kiv nq|
• WKz‡g‡›Ui Dc‡i P‡j Avmzb|
• WKz‡g‡›Ui cÖ_‡g G‡m Home wieb Gi Editing Gi Aaxb Find G wK¬K Kiæb| c`©vq Find WvqvjM e·
Avm‡e| Replace U¨v‡e wK¬K Kiæb|
 Find What : †U·U e‡· Dhaka UvBc Kiæb|
 Replace With : †UK&ÖU e‡· Bogura UvBc Kiæb| Replace evU‡b wK¬K Ki‡j Dhaka †jLv kãwU
Bogura Øviv cÖwZ¯’vwcZ n‡e| Replace All G wK¬K Ki‡j mKj Dhaka †jLv kãwU Bogura Øviv
cÖwZ¯’vwcZ n‡e|
 Go to :- WKz‡g‡›Ui †Kvb †c‡R/Abz‡”Q`/jvBb/‡mKkb BZ¨vw` As‡k mivmwi †h‡Z Go to Ackb eënvi Kiv
nq|
 Style Tools : Avcbvi †jLvi ÷vBj cwieZ©b ev wk‡ivbv‡gi ÷vBj cwieZ©b Ki‡Z PvB‡j ‡jLv wm‡j±
Kiæb| Gici Home > Style Gi wewfbœ ¯’v‡b wK¬K Ki‡j †`L‡Z cv‡eb †h †jLvi ÷vBj cwieZ©b n‡q
hv‡”Q|
01| A¶‡ii AvKvi AvK…wZ cwieZ©b Ki‡Z nq - DËit d›U WvqjM e‡·
02| d›U WvqvjM e· Avbvi kUKvU© KgvÛ wK? DËit Ctrl+D
03| ¸iæZ¡c~Y© Kx‡evW© kUKvU©¸‡jv
µ.bs KvR kU©KvU
01 ‡Kvb †jLv‡K †evì Kiv- Ctrl+B
02 ‡Kvb †jLv‡K BZvwjK Kiv- Ctrl+I
03 ‡Kvb †jLv‡K AvÛvijvBb Kiv- Ctrl+U
04 ‡jLv‡K GK avc K‡i eo Ki‡Z- Ctrl+]
05 ‡jLv‡K GK avc K‡i †QvU Ki‡Z- Ctrl+[
06 ‡h †Kvb †jLv‡K Dc‡i wb‡Z- Ctrl+Shift++
07 ‡h †Kvb †jLv‡K wb‡P wb‡Z- Ctrl+=
08 ‡Kvb kã Ly‡R †ei Ki‡Z n‡j- Ctrl+F
09 ‡Kvb kã wi‡cøm Ki‡Z n‡j Ctrl+H
10 ‡cR bv¤^vi,Aby‡”Q` BZ¨vw`‡Z Kvm©i wb‡Z PvB‡j- Ctrl+G
04| GjvBb‡g›U‡K KZfv‡M fvM Kiv hvq ?

DËit Pvi fv‡M|
05| Ascending , Decending ej‡Z wK †evS?
DËit †QvU †_‡K eo µgea©gv‡b mvRv‡bv‡K Ascending I eo †_‡K †QvU µgea©gv‡b mvRv‡bv‡K Decending e‡j |
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‡lvok Aa¨vq
Insert
GLb Avgiv Ms Word Gi Lze ¸iæZ¡c‚Y© †gbz Insert m¤ú‡K© Av‡jvPbv Ki‡ev | Insert k‡ãi A_© Avbv , cÖ‡ek Kiv
A_ev wfZ‡i †Kv‡bv wKQz ¯’vcb Kiv‡K †evSvq|
16.1) Page :- Insert ‡gbyev‡i me©cÖ_g †h AckbwU cvIqv hvq Zv n‡jv †cR | GLv‡b bZzb †cR †Lvjv,Kfvi †cR
ˆZix wKsev GKwU †cR‡K wef³ Ki‡Z eëüZ nq |
page As‡k Avgiv †`L‡Z cvw”Q
• Cover Page
• Blank page
• page break
GLb Avgiv page As‡k KvR †`L‡ev|
 Create cover Page:- A‡bK mgq Avgv‡ì wewfbœ cÖ‡qvR‡b Kfvi †cR ˆZix Ki‡Z nq | hwÌ mz›ì
wWRvB‡bi cÖ‡dkbvj Kfvi †cR ˆZix Ki‡Z wewfbœ ai‡bi mdUIq¨vi Av‡Q | Z‡e gvB‡µvmd&U IqvW© w`‡qI
Kfvi †cR ˆZix Kiv hvq | cÖ_‡g Avgiv †c‡Ri Dc‡i Kvm©i †i‡L Insert > Cover Page G wK¬K K‡i
cQ›`gZ wWRvBb wm‡j± Ki‡ev | Gici cÖ‡qvRbgZ Title, Name, Year BZ¨vw` cwieZ©b K‡i wè |
 Page Break :- mvavibZ GKwU †cR †_‡K Avi GKwU †c‡R †jLv ¯’vbvšÍi wKsev GKwU †cR‡K wØLwÛZ
Kiv‡K Page Break †evSvq | 1g †c‡Ri hZUzKz Ask‡K c‡ii †c‡R Avbv n‡e †mB †jLvi mvg‡b Kvm© i
†i‡L †cR ‡eÖK G wK¬K Ki‡j evwK AskUzKz c‡ii †c‡R P‡j Avm‡e |
 Page Blank :- Avgiv B›Uvi †cÖm K‡i c‡ii †c†R ‡h‡Z cvwi | Avevi Insert ‡gbyev‡ii Page Gi
Aaxb¯’ Page Blank wK¬K K‡iI bZzb †cR Lyj‡Z cvwi |
– hw` †c‡Ri Dc‡i Kvm©i _v‡K Zvn‡j Page Blank wK¬K Ki‡j Dc‡ii w`‡K bZzb GKwU †cR Pvjy n‡e |
– hw` †c‡Ri wb‡P Kvm©i _v‡K Zvn‡j Page Blank wK¬K Ki‡j wb‡Pi w`‡K bZzb GKwU †cR Pvjy n‡e |
16.2) Header & Footer :- ‡Kvb WKz‡g‡›Ui †h †Kvb †c‡R wKsev me †c‡Ri Dc‡i ev wb‡P wKQz wj‡L ivL‡Z PvB‡j
†nWvi ev dzUvi eëüZ nq|
 Header- †Kvb WKz‡g‡›Ui cÖwZ c…ôvq wk‡ivbvg ev †nWvi wnmv‡e wKQz wj‡L ivL‡Z PvB‡j Header eënvi Kiv
nq |
– WKz‡g‡›U Kvm©i †i‡L Insert Ribon n‡Z Header & Footer Gi Aaxb Header Kgv‡Û wK¬K Ki‡j GKwU
mve-‡gbz Avm‡e| †mLvb †_‡K cQ›`byhvqx Ackb wm‡j± Ki‡Z n‡e|
– Header wnmv‡e hv wjL‡Z PvB Zv UvBc Ki‡Z n‡e|
– †k‡l Design Ribon Gi Close Header and Footer wK¬K Ki‡Z n‡e|
 Footer- †Kvb WKz‡g‡›Ui cÖwZ c…ôvi †k‡l dzUvi wnmv‡e wKQz wj‡L ivL‡Z PvB‡j Footer e¨&envi Kiv nq |
– WKz‡g‡›U Kvm©i †i‡L Insert Ribon n‡Z Header & Footer Gi Aaxb Footer Kgv‡Û wK¬K Ki‡j wP‡Îi
b¨vq mve-‡gbz Avm‡e| †mLvb †_‡K cQ›`bzhvqx Ackb wm‡j± Ki‡Z n‡e|
– Footer wnmv‡e hv wjL‡Z PvB Zv UvBc Ki‡Z n‡e|
 Design :- Header/Footer ˆZix Kivi ci †gbzev‡i Design bv‡g GKwU Ackb Avm‡e | wb‡P Design
†gbzevi m¤ú‡K© we¯ÍvwiZ Av‡jvPbv Kiv n‡jv |
– Date & Time :- Kw¤úDUv‡ii eZ©gvb ZvwiL Header/Footer Gi g‡a¨ e‡m hv‡e |
60 | P a g e
– Quick Parts :- †nWvi / dzUv‡i A‡Uv †U·U ms‡hvRb Kiv hvq |
– Picture :-Qwe ms‡hvRb Kiv hvq |
– Clip Art :- Clip Art emv‡bv hvq |
– Different First Page :- cÖ_g c…ôvq Avjv`v †nWvi dzUvi emv‡bv nq|
– Different odd and Even page - †Rvo / we‡Rvo c…ôvq Avjv`vfv‡e †nWvi /dzUvi emv‡bv hv‡e |
– Go to header and Footer :- GB evUb ¸‡jv‡Z wK¬K K‡i Header /Footer G hvIqv hv‡e|
– Show next / previous : - c‚ee© Z©x / cieZ©x c…ôvq Kvm©i gzf Kiv hvq|
– Header from top / Footer from bottom - top n‡Z Header Gi `‚iZ¡ Ges Bottom n‡Z dzUv‡ii
`‚iZ¡ wba©viY Kiv hvq|
 ‡nWvi/dzUvi gzQv :-
– Insert Ribon n‡Z Header & Footer Gi Aaxb Header A_ev Footer Kgv‡Û wK¬K Ki‡j GKwU mve-
‡gbz Avm‡e|
– †mLvb †_‡K Remove Header A_ev Remove Footer G wK¬K Ki‡Z n‡e|
 ‡cR bv¤^vi Kiv :- GB Kgv‡Ûi gva¨‡g WKz‡g‡›Ui cÖwZ c…ôvi Dc‡i ev wb‡Pi †h †Kvb Alignment G bv¤^vi
†`qv †h‡Z cv‡i| WKz‡g‡›Ui mKj c…ôvi Dc‡ii Wvbcv‡ki bv¤^vi w`‡Z PvB‡j-
– Insert Ribon n‡Z Header & Footer Gi Aaxb Page Number Kgv‡Û wK¬K Ki‡j GKwU mve-‡gbz
Avm‡e|mve †gbz †_‡K cÖ‡qvRbxq Ackb †hgb : Top Of Page, Bottom of Page, Page Margin,
Current Position wm‡j± Ki‡Z n‡e|
 †cR bv¤^vi †gvQv :-
– Header A_ev Footer (‡cR Gi Dci ev wbP) G cÖ‡qvMK…Z †cR bv¤^vi Gi Dci Wvej wK¬K Ki‡Z n‡e|
– c…ôv bv¤^vi Select K‡i Delete Key †P‡c c„ôv bv¤^vi gzQ‡Z n‡e|
16.3) Table :-
 ‡Uwej ˆZwi Kiv (Create a Table) :- †iv I Kjv‡gi mgš^‡q †Uwej ˆZwi Kiv nq| ZvB †Uwej ˆZwii Rb¨
- Insert wieb Gi Table wK¬K Ki‡j GKwU WvqvjM e· Avm‡e| WvqvjM e‡· wb‡¤œv³ wKQz Ackb _vK‡e |
I. Number of Columns : e†· KqwU Kjvg n‡e Zvi msL¨v wjL‡Z n‡e|
II. Number of Rows : e‡· KqwU †iv n‡e Zvi msL¨v wjL‡Z n‡e|
III. Ok wK¬K Ki‡j †Uwej ˆZwi n‡e|
 ‡Uwej cwiwPwZ :-
Cell:- gv‡Si duvKv¯’vb ¸‡jv‡K †mj e‡j |
Row:- cvkvcvwk mvwi ¸‡jv‡K †iv e‡j |
Column :- Dci †_‡K wbP ch©šÍ j¤^vjw¤^ mvwi¸‡jv‡K Kjvg e‡j |
wet `Öt †Kvb †m‡j Kvm©i †i‡L G›Uvi Kx Pvc‡j †iv wb‡Pi w`‡K evo‡Z _vK‡e Ges †k‡li †iv Gi †k‡li †mj G
Kvm©i †i‡L U¨ve Pvc‡j bZzb †iv ˆZwi n‡e|
 ‡Uwe‡j bZzb mvwi mwbœ‡ewkZ Kiv (Insert Row in a Table):- †Uwe‡ji †Kvb mvwii Dc‡i ev wb‡P ev
K‡qKwU bZzb mvwi mwbœ‡ewkZ Ki‡Z n‡j †mB mvwi/mvwi¸‡jv wm‡j± Ki‡Z n‡e| Right evUb wK¬K K‡i Insert
Kgv‡Ûi Aaxb Insert rows below A_ev Insert rows above wK¬K Ki‡j wb‡P A_ev Dc‡i bZzb †iv
mwbœ‡ewkZ n‡e|
 †Uwe‡j bZzb Kjvg mwbœ‡ewkZ Kiv (Insert Column in a Table):- †Uwe‡ji †Kvb Kjv‡gi Wv‡b ev ev‡g
bZzb Kjvg mwbœ‡ewkZ Ki‡Z n‡j †mB Kjvg/Kjvg¸‡jv wm‡j± Ki‡Z n‡e|Right evUb wK¬K K‡i Insert
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Kgv‡Ûi Aaxb Insert column to the left A_ev Insert column to the right wK¬K Ki‡j ev‡g A_ev
Wv‡b bZzb †iv mwbœ‡ewkZ n‡e |
 †Uwe†ji mvwi ‡gvQv (Delete Row) :-
– †Uwe‡ji †h mvwi/mvwi¸‡jv gzQ‡ev Zv wm‡j± Ki‡Z n‡e|
– Right evUb wK¬K K‡i Delete Row wK¬K Ki‡j mvwi gz‡Q hv‡e|
 †Uwe‡ji Kjvg ‡gvQv (Delete Column)
– †Uwe‡ji †h mvwi/mvwi¸‡jv gzQ‡ev Zv wm‡j± Ki‡Z n‡e|
– Right evUb wK¬K K‡i Delete Column wK¬K Ki‡j Kjvg gz‡Q hv‡e|
 Merge Cells :- GKvwaK †mj‡K GKwGZ Kiv‡K Merge Cells e‡j |
– †h †mj¸‡jv GKwÎZ Ki‡Z n‡e H †mj¸‡jv wm‡j± Ki‡Z n‡e \
– Right evUb wK¬K K‡i Merge cells wK¬K Ki‡j †mj ¸‡jv GKwÎZ n‡q hv‡e|
 Split Cells :- †Uwe‡ji GKwU †mj‡K fvM Kiv†K Split Cells e‡j |
– ‡h †Kvb GKwU †mj wK¬K K‡i Right evUb wK¬K Ki†j Split Cells Avm‡e |
– Split Cells wK¬K Ki‡j GKwU WvqvjM e· Avm‡e|
– †mLvb †_‡K cÖ‡qvRbxq Kjvg I †iv ewm‡q OK wK¬K Ki‡Z n‡e|
 Autoformate :- †Kvb †Uwej ˆZwi Kivi ci †UwejwU‡K A‡Uv wWRvBb Kivi Rb¨
– †UwejwU wm‡j± Ki‡Z n‡e|
– Insert wieb †_‡K Table wK¬K Ki‡j GKwU mve †gbz I‡cb n‡e|
– mve-‡gbz †_‡K Quick Table Gi Aaxb †h †Kvb Ackb G wK¬K Ki‡j Ackb Abzhvqx †Uwej di‡gU n‡e|
 ‡Uwe‡ji mvwi/Kjvg/‡mj‡K Select ev Block Kiv :-
– †Uwe‡ji GKwU mvwi/Kjvg/‡mj‡K wm‡j± Kivi Rb¨ Kvm©i†K H mvwi/Kjvg/‡m‡j ivL‡ev |
– Layout wieb Gi Table Gi Aaxb Select wK¬K K‡i cÖ‡qvRbxq mvwi/Kjvg/‡mj/‡Uwej eøK Kiv hv‡e|
– A_ev gvD‡mi evg evUb wK¬K K‡iI †Uwej wm‡j± Kiv hvq|
16.4) ILLUSTRATIONS
 PICTURE :- WKz‡g‡›U Qwe ms‡hvRb Gi c×wZ -
– cÖ_‡g insert > picture wK¬K Ki‡j mivmwi Avcbvi WÖvB‡f P‡j hv‡e|
– Avcbvi WÖvB‡fi †h As‡k Qwe Av‡Q, †mLvb †_‡K Qwe wm‡j± K‡i w`‡eb|
– Gici insert G wK¬K K‡i Qwe ms‡hvRb Kiv hv‡e|
 Qwe bovPov Kiv :-Gevi QweUv Avcwb B”QvgZ miv‡Z cvi‡eb bv| KviY QweUv Text warp Kiv Av‡Q| ZvB
QweUv B”QvgZ miv‡Z n‡j Avcbv†K Format tab > text warp option †_‡K In front of text AckbUv
wm‡j± Ki‡Z n‡e | Zvn‡jB Avcwb QweUv Lze fvjfv‡e gzf Kiv‡Z cvi‡eb|
 Format:- Qwe wm‡j± Kivi ci †gbyev‡i Format bv‡g GKwU ‡gbyevi †`Lv hv‡e | GB †gbyev‡i Avgiv
Adjust Colour, Brightness, Size BZ¨vw` cwieZ©b Ki‡Z cvi†ev |
 Adjust Colour -GB Ackb w`‡q Avgiv Qwei Brightness, Contest evov‡bv,Kgv‡bv , Qwei is cwieZ©b ,
Qwei mvBR cwieZ©b BZ¨vw` KvR Ki‡Z cvwi |
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 Picture Style :- Qwe ev Qwei †d«g ,eW©vi BZ¨vw` cwieZ©b Ki‡Z eëüZ nq|
– Picture size : Qwei mvBR ‡MvjvKvi,Pvi†Kvbv BZ¨vw` Kiv hvq|
– Picture Shape : QwewU‡K wewfbœ AvK…wZ‡Z Avbv hvq|
– Picture Border : Qwei Pviw`‡Ki eW©v‡ii iO B”QvgZ cwieZ©b Kiv hvq|
– Picture Effect : Qwei B‡d± cwieZ©b |

Arrange
–
Position : QwewU WKz‡g‡›Ui wewfbœ As‡k miv‡bv hvq |
–
Bring to font : 2 wU Qwei g‡a¨ 1wU Qwe Dc‡i wb‡q Avmv |
–
Send to Back : 2 wU Qwei g‡a¨ 1wU Qwe Ab¨ Qwei wb‡P wb‡q Avmv|
–
Text Wrapping
• Behind text : Qwei Dc‡i †jLv hvq |
• In front of text : Qwe‡K †h †Kvb RvqMvq gyf Kiv hvq |
– Align : Qwe‡K WKz‡g‡›Ui †h †Kvb RvqMvq GjvBb Kiv hvq|
– Rotate : Qwe‡K wewfbœ G‡½‡j bov‡bv hvq |
 Arrange & Size:- Qwe‡K wewfbœ ¯’v‡b miv‡bv, µc Kiv, †iv‡UU Kiv BZ¨vw` KvR Kiv hvq |
– Position :- WKz‡g‡›Ui †h‡Kvb ¯’v‡b Qwe ivLvi Rb¨ eëüZ nq |
– Rotate :- Qwe‡K wewfbœ G‡½‡j †Nviv‡bvi Rb¨ eëüZ nq |
 Crop :- Qwei wKQz Ask †K‡U wb‡Z µc eëüZ nq | µc Kivi ci Qwei Pvicv‡k Kv‡jv Kv‡jv Ask Av‡Q|
†mLv‡b gvDm wb‡q wM‡q cÖ‡qvRbgZ µc Kiv nq |
 Clip Art :- WKz‡g‡›Ui †hLv‡b wK¬c AvU© ms‡hvRb Ki‡ev †mLv‡b Kvm©i †i‡L-
– Insert wieb Gi Illustrations Gi Aax‡b Clip Art evUb wK¬K Ki‡Z n‡e|Zvn‡j GKwU WvqvjM
e· Avm‡e|
– Organizer Clip G wK¬K Ki‡Z n‡e| Zvn‡j Av‡iv GKwU WvqvjM e· Avm‡e|
– Office Collection Gi Awab †h‡Kvb Sub Folder G wK¬K Ki‡j Wvbcv‡k wewfbœ Qwe cÖ`wk©Z n‡e|
– Zvici Clip Art Gi WÖcWvDb †gbz‡Z wK¬K K‡i Copy Kgv‡Û wK¬K K‡i DB‡Ûv †K¬vR K‡i w`‡Z
n‡e|
– †hLv‡b Picture wb‡q Avm‡Z Pvb †mLv‡b Kvm©i wb‡q G‡m Paste Command A_ev ctrl+V Pvc‡Z
n‡e |
 Shape :- WKz‡g‡›Ui †hLv‡b †kc ms‡hvRb Ki‡ev †mLv‡b Kvm©i †i‡L-
– Insert wieb Gi Illustrations Gi Aax‡b Shape evUb wK¬K Ki‡Z n‡e|
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–
Zvn‡j WKz‡g‡›U + wPý Avm‡e |
–
gvD‡mi evg evU‡b wK¬K K‡i cQ›`gZ †kc ˆZix Ki‡Z cvi‡ev|
–
Kx‡evW© †_‡K Shift ‡P‡c Avgiv †mvRv K‡i †kc MVb Ki‡Z cvwi |
–
gvD‡mi Wvb evUb wK¬K K‡i Avgiv Edit Text Gi gva¨‡g †kc Gi g‡a¨ †U·U wjL‡Z cvwi | †kc Gi
wfZi †U·U †jLvi ci †U·U wW‡iKkb bv‡g GKwU Ackb Av‡Q | GB Ackb eënvi K‡i †U·U
wewfbœ w`‡K gyf Kiv hvq|
– Kx‡evW© †_‡K Ctrl ‡P‡c gvDm a‡i Uvb‡j ‡kcwUi Wzwcø‡KU ˆZix Kiv hvq |
 Smart art :-Smart Art ‰Zix Ki‡Z wb‡¤œv³ c×wZ eënvi Ki‡Z n‡e|
– Insert >Smart art G wK¬K Ki‡j GKwU B›Uvi‡dm Avm‡e ,
– ILvb †_‡K cQ›` gZ art wK¬K Ki‡j IqvW© Gwiqv †Z Zv †`Lv hv‡e |
– ˆZixK…Z Smart art G wK¬K Ki‡j Design bvg Gi GKUv Uzjevi †`Lv hv‡e|
– Uzjevi †_‡K Avgiv Avgv‡ì cQ›`gZ wWRvBb Gi Smart art ˆZix Ki‡Z cvi†ev|
 Shape Add : ‡h †Kvb †m‡c gvDm w`‡q ivBU wK¬K K‡i Add Shape > Add Shape After wK¬K Ki‡j
bZzb GKwU †mc hy³ n‡e |
 Layout Change : ‡mc wm‡j± Ki‡j †gbyev‡i wWRvBb Ack‡b †jAvDU bv‡g Ackb Avm‡e | †mLvb
†_‡K Avgiv †jAvDU †PÄ K‡i w`‡Z cvwi |
16.5) Link:- Link k‡ãi A_© ‡hvM Kiv| A‡bK mgq Avgiv ‡mvm¨vj wgwWqv‡Z †`wL Continue Reading.......... ev
Ab¨ †Kv†bv k‡ã wK¬K Ki‡j Avi GKUv †c‡R ev Ab¨ †Kv_vI P‡j hvB| GB KvR UvB Avgiv Hyperlink Ackb w`‡q
Ki‡ev| A_©vr ˆZixK…Z WKz‡g›U Gi †Kvb k‡ãi g‡a¨ Ab¨ †Kvb WKz‡g›U Gi wjsK ˆZix Ki‡ev |
Hyperlink :-
– cÖ_‡g Word aria ‡Z wjLyb Department of social services.
– GLb GB †jLvi g‡a¨ Aew¯’Z Social k‡ãi g‡a¨ Avwg Ab¨ WKz‡g›U Gi mv‡_ wjsK K‡i w`†ev|
– Avwg Social kãUv gvDm Gi Left Button wK¬K K‡i a‡i wm‡j± Ki†ev |
– Gici Insert> hyperlink G wK¬K Ki‡j GKwU Interface Avm‡e|
– Kw¤úDUv‡ii †h †dvìv‡i WKz‡g›U Av‡Q ( A_©¨vr †hUv wjsK Gi mv‡_ †hvM Ki‡Z PvB), †mUv wK¬K K‡i OK
Ki‡jB wjsK ˆZwi n‡q hv‡e |
– Social kãUv A_©vr †h kãUv‡Z wjsK ‡hvM K‡iwQ,‡mB kãUv bxj is avib K‡i‡Q|
– GLb , Kx‡ev‡W©i Ctrl †P‡c a‡i gvD‡mi Kvm©i c‡q›U bxj †jLvi Dci wb‡q Avm‡j Kvm©i c‡q›UwU‡Z Av½yj
Gi gZ wPý Avm‡e| Zvici H bxj †jLv‡Z wK¬K Ki‡jB †h WKz‡g›UwU Social k‡ãi mv‡_ ‡hvM K‡iwQ, †mB
WKz‡g‡›U P‡j hv‡e|
16.6) Text:
 word art - †Kv‡bv †jLv ev wk‡ivbvg‡K wewfbœ fv‡e mvRv‡bv ev wWRvBb Word art Gi mvnv‡h¨ Kiv hvq|
Insert > word art G wK¬K Ki‡j wewfbœ wWRvBb †`Lv hv‡e| ILvb †_‡K cQ›`gZ wWRvBb †e‡Q wb‡Z n‡e|
 Drop cap - GKwU Aÿi‡K `yB ev wZb jvBb we¯Í…wZ K‡i ‡jLvi c×wZi bvgB n‡”Q Drop cap . Avgiv
wewfbœ cwÎKvq Gi eënvi ‡`L‡Z cvB| ‡h kãwU Drop cap Ki‡Z Pvb Zv wm‡j± Kiyb| Gici Insert
>Drop cap G wK¬K Kiæb |
Drop cap mvavibZ `yB ai‡bi nq|
a) In Mergin - eo AÿiwU wb‡Pi jvB‡bi evB‡i _v‡K|
b) Dropped - eo AÿiwU wb‡Pi jvB‡bi mgvb _v‡K |
Drop cap G Av‡iKwU Ackb †`Lv hvq| †mUv n‡”Q None . Avgiv Drop cap evwZj Ki‡Z GB Ackb eënvi
Kwi|
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 Text Box :- cÖ_‡g GKwU bZzb WKz‡g›U Lzjzb (czivZb IqvW© dvB‡jI mgm¨v bv&B) Ges †gBb U¨ve †_‡K
Insert G wK¬K K‡i wieb (Ribbon) †_‡K Text Box G wK¬K Kiæb |GLv‡b Built-In (Av‡M †_‡KB ˆZwi)
†ek wKQz †jAvDU cv‡ev | †mLvb †_‡K cQ›`gZ †jAvDU wb‡Z cvi‡ev| Gevi bxj AskwU‡Z ‡U·U wjL‡Z
cvi‡ev|Zvici Gi eW©v‡i gvDm c‡q›Uvi wb‡q ‡M‡j †`Lv hv‡e,Pviw`‡K G‡iv †`Lv‡”Q| G Ae¯’vq wK¬K K‡i
miv‡j ( wK¬K K‡i gvDm bv †Q‡o ) †`Lv hv‡e, †jLv mn text e·wU m‡i †M‡Q| hLb text e·wU wm‡j± Kiv
Ae¯’vq, ZLb Uc †gbz‡Z Format †gbz wU Avm‡e Ges ‡mLv‡b wK¬K Kiæ‡j A‡bK Uzj Av‡Q hv Text Box †K
di‡gU Ki‡Z mvnvh¨ Ki‡e|
16.7) CHART- †Kvb Z_¨ ev DcvË‡K †iLvwPÎ wKsev MÖvd AvKv‡I cÖKvk Kiv‡K PvU© e‡j|
 PvU© ˆZix :-
– cÖ_†g Insert Ribon G wK¬K Kwi|
– Zvici Illustrations Gi Aax†b chart G wK¬K Kwi|
– GLvb †_†K wewfbœ cÖKvi MÖvd †`Lv hv†e| B†”Qg†Zv MÖvd †bqvi ci Aciw`†K GKwU G†·j mxU Avm†e|
– †mLvb †_†K Avgiv bvg¸‡jv cwieZ©b Ki†Z cvwi|
– Avevi msL¨vI cwieZ©b Kiv hv†e| †mLvb †_†K MÖvd cwieZ©b Kiv hv†e|
– GLvb †_†K Kx-†ev†W©i wW†jU evU†b Pvc w`†j MÖvd P†j hv†e|
– D`vnib 1-
awi †Kvb †ev‡W© SSC ‡Z 2018 mv‡j 21000, 2019 mv‡j 19786, 2020 mv‡j 23212 Rb A+
‡c‡q‡Q | Z`ªæc IB cÖwZôv‡b HSC ‡Z 2018 mv‡j 16458, 2019 mv‡j 17456 I 2020 mv‡j
15643 Rb A+ ‡c‡q‡Q | PvU© AvKv‡i cÖKvk Ki |
mgvavb -
– Insert > Chart > OK wK¬K Ki‡ev |
– wb‡Pi Qwei gZ GKUv G‡·j kxU Avm‡e |
– Qwei Pvicv‡k bxj `vM Av‡Q | GB bxj `v‡Mi g‡a¨ †h Z_¨ ¸‡jv †Ìqv _vK‡e , ZvB Avgiv PvU©
AvKv‡i †`L‡Z cv‡ev |
– †mLvb †_†K Avgiv bvg¸‡jv I msL¨v cwieZ©b Ki‡ev|
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– PvU© wj÷ G †`Lv hvq †h , SSC I HSC 2018,2019,2020 mv‡ji A+ ‡c‡q‡Q ,Zv‡ì ZvwjKv¸‡jv
Avgiv bxj `v‡Mi g‡a¨ G‡bwQ | d‡j Avgiv WKz‡g‡›U †iRvëwU PvU© AvKv‡i †`L‡Z cvw”Q |
 cÖ‡qvRb Abzmv‡i ˆZwiK…Z Pv‡U©i aiY cwieZ©b:- cÖ‡qvRb Abzmv‡i ˆZwiK…Z Pv‡U©i aiY cwieZ©b Kivi Rb¨
wb‡Pi c`‡¶ç‡jv wb‡Z n‡e |
– PvU©wU wm‡j± Kiæb|
– Chart Tools Gi Design U¨v‡ei Type MÖæ‡c Aew¯’Z Change Chart Type wK¬K Kiæb|
– GLvb †_‡K cQ›`gZ PvU© UvBc K‡i ‡bIqv hv‡e |
 Pv‡U©i †WUv evov‡bv/Kgv‡bv :- A‡bK mgq ˆZwiK…Z Pv‡U© bZzb †WUv hz³ ev ev` †`qvi cÖ‡qvRb n‡q _v‡K|
GRb¨ wb‡Pi c`‡¶c wbb|
– PvU©wU wm‡j± Kiæb|
– Design U¨v‡ei Type MÖæ‡c Aew¯’Z edit data wK¬K Kiæb|
– †`Lzb Pv‡U©i †mvm© WvUv¸‡jv wm‡j± n‡q‡Q Ges bxj i‡O cÖ`wk©Z n‡q‡Q|
– †Uwe‡j bZzb †WUv ms‡hvRb Kiæb|
– Gev‡i †Uwe‡ji bxj eW©v‡i Wv‡bi wbP Kb©v‡ii c‡q›U wb‡Pi w`‡K WÖvM K‡i bZzb †WUvmg‚n hz³ Kiæb|
 PvU© wWRvBb :- †Uwe‡ji WvUv Abzhvqx wKfv‡e PvU© ˆZwi Ki‡Z nq Zv Avgiv †R‡bwQ| GLb hw` Avcwb
IqvK©kx‡U ˆZwiK…Z PvU©wU‡Z wewfbœ wWRvBb eënvi Ki‡Z Pvb Zvn‡j wie‡bi Chart Tools Ack‡bi
Design U¨v‡e wK¬K Kiæb| wWRvBb U¨v‡ei Chart Style MÖæc †_‡K Avcwb cQ›` g‡Zv ÷vBj evQvB K‡i Zvi
Dci wK¬K K‡i †mwU Pv‡U© eënvi Ki‡Z cvi‡eb|
 Line chart:- Gevi Avgiv Line chartˆZix Kiv wkL‡ev|
evsjv‡`k I fvi‡Zi g‡a¨ T20 wµ‡KU g¨vP n‡”Q Ges a‡i †bqv hvK evsjv‡`k 20 Ifv‡i nvwi‡q‡Q 5wU DB‡KU Ges
fviZ 17 Ifv‡iB 10 DB‡KU nvwi‡q‡Q | †Zv †mB WvUv ¸‡jv wb‡P †`qv nj|
• 2wU `‡j DB‡KU cZ‡bi GKwU †Uwej ˆZwi Kiv n‡q‡Q| GLb Avgiv Dc‡ii †Uwej Abzhvqx G‡·j IqvK©kx‡U
jvBb PvU© ˆZwi Kivi wbqg Av‡jvPbv Ki‡ev Ges Qwei gva¨‡g Zv †`Lv‡ev|
• `zwU `‡ji DB‡KU cZ‡bi GKwU Line PvU© ˆZwi Kiv Rb¨ cÖ_‡g `zwU `‡ji DB‡K‡Ui †iv `zwU wm‡j± Kiæb|
• Gevi Insert U¨v‡e wK¬K, Zvici Charts MÖæ‡ci Line Pv‡U© wK¬K Kiæb|
• Zvn‡j jvBb Pv‡U©i GKwU wj÷ Avm‡e, †mLvb †_‡K Avcbvi cQ›` g‡Zv PvU© evQvB K‡i Zvi Dc‡i wK¬K
Kiæb|
• Zvn‡j IqvK©kx‡U †Uwej Abzhvqx DB‡KU cZ‡bi jvBb PvU©wU P‡j Avm‡e|
 Axis Titles eënvi t mvaviYZ Axis Titles AckbwU Pv‡U©i eëüZ welq ¸‡jv‡K wb‡`©k Ki‡Z bvg ev
UvB‡Uj wn‡m‡e eënvi Kiv n‡q _v‡K|
• †m †¶‡Î PvU© ˆZwi Kivi ci wie‡bi Chart Tools Ackb †_‡K Layout U¨v‡e wK¬K Kiæb|
• Gevi Labels MÖæ‡ci Axis Titles Ack‡b wK¬K Kiæb, GKwU Ackb †gbz Avm‡e|
• Pv‡U© wb‡Pi welqwU‡K wb‡`©k Ki‡Z Ackb †gbz‡Z Primary Horizontal Axis Title Gi Dc‡i gvDm ivLzb,
czbivq GKwU Ackb †gbz Avm‡e|
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• Gevi †mLv‡b Title Below Axis Ack‡b wK¬K Kiæb, Zvn‡j PvU©wU‡Z UvB‡Uj eënvi Kivi Rb¨ Axis Titles
†jLvwU P‡j Avm‡e|
• Dc‡ii `vM ¸‡jv j¶¨ Kiæb |

• Pv‡U© wb‡Pi welqwU‡Z UvB‡Uj eënvi Kivi Rb¨ Axis Titles AckbwU eënvi Kiv n‡q‡Q|
• Gevi Dc‡ii Qwe‡Z 5 bv¤^vi AckbwU j¶¨ Kiæb, †mLv‡b UvB‡Uj eënvi Kivi Ackb G‡m‡Q|
• Gevi Axis Title †jLvwUi Dc‡i wK¬K Kiæb, Zvici UvB‡Uj wn‡m‡e Avcbvi cÖ‡qvRbxq wel‡qi †h †Kvb
UvB‡Uj eënvi Ki‡Z cvi‡eb|
• DB‡K‡Ui jvBbwU wbw`©ó fv‡e wb‡`©k Kivi Rb¨ czbivq wie‡bi Chart Tools Ackb †_‡K Layout U¨v‡e wK¬K
Kiæb|
• Gevi Labels MÖæ‡ci Axis Titles Ack‡b wK¬K Kiæb, GKwU Ackb †gbz Avm‡e|
• Pv‡U© evgw`‡Ki welqwU‡K wb‡`©k Ki‡Z Ackb †gbz‡Z Primary Vertical Axis Title Gi Dc‡i gvDm ivLzb,
czbivq GKwU Ackb †gbz Avm‡e|
• Gevi †mLv‡b Rotated Title Ack‡b wK¬K Kiæb, Zvn‡j PvU©wU‡Z evgw`‡Ki welqwU‡Z UvB‡Uj eënvi Kivi
Rb¨ Axis Titles †jLvwU P‡j Avm‡e|
 Chart Title :- ‡h †Kvb Pv‡U©i wk‡ivbvg w`‡Z PvU© UvB‡Uj eënvi Kiv hvq|
• cÖ_‡g wie‡bi Chart Tools Ackb †_‡K Layout U¨v‡e wK¬K Kiæb|
• Gevi Labels MÖæ‡ci Chart Title Ack‡b wK¬K Kiæb, GKwU Ackb †gbz Avm‡e|
• Ackb †gbz‡Z Above Chart Ack‡b wK¬K Kiæb, Zvn‡j Pv‡U© UvB‡Uj eënvi Kivi Rb¨ Chart Title
†jLvwU P‡j Avm‡e|
 Pv‡U©i wj‡RÛ cwieZ©b Kiv :-
• Chart Tools Gi Layout U¨v‡ei Labels n‡Z Legend Gi WÖc-WvDb wK¬K Kiæb Ges cÖ`wk©Z Ackb n‡Z
cÖ‡qvRbxq Ackb wbe©vPb Kiæb|
• More Legend Options wbe©vPb K‡i Av‡iv wfbœ Ackb cÖ`k©b I cÖ‡qvM Kiv hv‡e|
 Pv‡U©i †WUv †j‡ej cÖ`k©b Kiv :-
• Chart Tools Gi Layout U¨v‡ei Labels n‡Z Data Labels Gi WÖc-WvDb wK¬K Kiæb Ges cÖ`wk©Z
Ackb n‡Z cÖ‡qvRbxq Ackb wbe©vPb Kiæb|
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• More Data Labels Options wbe©vPb K‡i Av‡iv wfbœ Ackb cÖ`k©b I cÖ‡qvM Kiv hv‡e|
 Pv‡U©i †WUv †Uwej cÖ`k©b Kiv :-
• Chart Tools Gi Layout U¨v‡ei Labels n‡Z Data Table Gi WÖc-WvDb wK¬K Kiæb Ges cÖ`wk©Z Ackb
n‡Z cÖ‡qvRbxq Ackb wbe©vPb Kiæb|
• More Data Table Options wbe©vPb K‡i Av‡iv wfbœ Ackb cÖ`k©b I cÖ‡qvM Kiv hv‡e|
 Pv‡U© wMÖWjvBb †`qv :-
• Chart Tools Gi Layout U¨v‡ei Axes n‡Z Gridlines Gi WÖc-WvDb wK¬K Kiæb Ges cÖ`wk©Z Ackb n‡Z
cÖ‡qvRbxq Ackb wbe©vPb Kiæb|
• Primary Horizontal Gridlines > None/Major Gridlines/Minor Gridlines/Major & Minor
Gridlines wm‡j± Kiv hv‡e|
• More Primary Horizontal Gridlines Options wbe©vPb K‡i Av‡iv wfbœ Ackb cÖ`k©b I cÖ‡qvM Kiv
hv‡e|
• GKBfv‡e Primary Vertical Gridlines > None/Major Gridlines/Minor Gridlines/Major &
Minor Gridlines wm‡j± Kiv hv‡e|
• More Primary Vertical Gridlines Options wbe©vPb K‡i Av‡iv wfbœ Ackb cÖ`k©b I cÖ‡qvM Kiv hv‡e|
 PvU© wW‡jU Kiv :- †WUvi cv‡k hw` PvU©wU _v‡K Zvn‡j MÖvdwU wm‡j± Kiæb Ges Kx‡evW© †_‡K Delete Kx
Pvcyb | PvU©wU gy‡Q hv‡e|
16.8) wm¤^j (Symbol) :- A‡bK mgq WKz‡g‡›U A‡bK wPý cÖ‡qvRb n‡Z cv‡i †h¸‡jv Kx-‡ev‡W© †bB| †hgb-‡id ( ©)
wPý| Iqv‡W© G ai‡bi wewfbœ wPý Av‡Q| WKz‡g‡›Ui †hLv‡b wPý Avbv ìKvi †mLv‡b †i‡L -
• Insert wieb Gi Aaxb Symbol G wK¬K Kiæb| Zvici More symbols G wK¬K Kiæb|
• Font: e†·i Wvb cv‡ki A¨v‡iv evU‡b wK¬K K‡i †h d‡›Ui bvg wbe©vPb Ki‡eb †m d‡›Ui DB‡Ûv I‡cb n‡e|
gvDm w`‡q †Kvb wP‡ýi Dci wK¬K Ki‡j †m wPýwU eo K‡i cÖ`wk©Z n‡e|Gfv‡e gvDm c‡q›Uvi wb‡q wK¬K K‡i
wPý wm‡j± Kiæb|GLb Insert evU‡b wK¬K Ki‡j wPýwU WKz‡g‡›U P‡j hv‡e|Cancel evU‡b wK¬K K‡i DB‡Ûv
†K¬vR Kiæb|
D`vniY¯îæc- WKy‡g‡›U A‡bK mgq cÖZxK wPý †Ìqvi ìKvi n‡Z cv‡i| aiæb, Avgiv †Kv‡bv cÖwZôv‡bi
Rb¨ †Uwj‡dvb Gi Qwe w`‡q †mB cÖwZôv‡bi b¤î wjL‡ev|GB Rb¨ cÖ_‡g Insert > Symbol > more symbols G
wK¬K Ki‡Z n‡e| Zvici Font Gi ILv‡b Wingdings wjL‡ev| Zvici ‡Uwj‡dvb Gi Qwe‡Z wK¬K Ki‡ev|
Gfv‡eB, Symbol Gi wewfbœ wPý cvIqv hv‡e|

 Equation : eZ©gvb mg‡q †h †Kvb WKz‡g›U †jLvi Rb¨ MS Word GKwU eûj eëüZ †cÖvMÖvg| wKš‘
A‡b‡KB GB †cÖvMÖvgwU eënv‡ii †¶‡Î wKQz wel‡q wØavq c‡o hvb| †hgb mvaviY fv‡e MS Word G evsjv
ev Bs‡iwR †jLvi †¶‡Î wbqg ¸‡jv Rvbv _vK‡jI MvwYwZK wel‡qi mgxKiY ev †Kvb Gm¨vBb‡g›U (
Assignment ) ˆZwi‡Z wKfv‡e GB MvwYwZK mgxKiY (Mathematical Equation ) ¸‡jv wjL‡Z nq
†mwU Rvbv bv _vK‡j mgm¨vq co‡Z cv‡ib| ZvB Avcbv‡ì GB wØav `‚i Ki‡Z AvR Avgiv Av‡jvPbv Ki‡ev,
wKfv‡e MS Word G MvwYwZK mgxKiY wjL‡ev|
 MvwYwZK mgxKiY ‡jLvi wbqg :- word WKz‡g‡›U Avgiv `yBfv‡e BKz‡qk‡bi KvR Ki‡Z cvwi |
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(1) cÖ_‡g Insert > object G wK¬K Ki‡Z n‡e| Gici microsoft Equations 3.0 ‡Z wK¬K Ki‡ev | Gici
wKQz Qwemn equations Edition Avm‡e| GLvb †_‡K Ackb evQvB K‡i Equation ˆZwi Kiv hv‡e |
(2) GQvov MS Word G MvwYwZK mgxKiY ¸‡jv †jLvi Rb¨ IqvW© †cBR I‡cb Kivi ci wie‡bi Insert U¨v‡ei
Symbols MÖæ‡ci Equation G wK¬K Ki‡ev| Zvn‡j Equation PvU© mn GKwU Ackb †gbz Avm‡e| GB PvU©wU‡Z
†ekwKQz eûj eëüZ mgxKiY c‚‡e©B †Ìqv i‡q‡Q, Avcwb PvB‡j cÖ‡qvRbxq mgxKiYwU hw` Pv‡U© _v‡K Zvn‡j mivmwi
Zv‡Z wK¬K Ki‡j mgxKiYwU IqvW© †cB‡R P‡j Avm‡e| Avi hw` Avcbvi cÖ‡qvRbxq mgxKiYwU Pv‡U© bv _v‡K Zvn‡j
Insert New Equation Ack‡b wK¬K Ki‡j GKwU bZzb Equation Tools Design bv‡gi U¨ve I‡cb n‡e| †mB
U¨ve †_‡K Avcwb Avcbvi cÖ‡qvRb g‡Zv mgxKiYwU wjL‡Z cvi‡eb| A_ev Kx‡evW© †_‡K Alt+= wK¬K Ki‡jI
Equation Avm‡e| †hgb-
Dc‡ii Av‡jvPbv †_‡K Avgiv Rvb‡Z cvijvg wKQz mgxKiY‡K c‚‡e© ˆZwi K…Z PvU© †_‡K mivmwi wKfv‡e wb‡Z nq|
Avgiv BwZ g‡a¨ D`vniY wn‡m‡e eëüZ mgxKiY ¸‡jvi g‡a¨ cÖ_g mgxKiYwU IqvW© †cB‡R eënvi K‡iwQ| GLb
Avgiv Av‡jvPbv Ki‡ev c‚‡e© ˆZwi K…Z PvU© e¨vwZZ wKfv‡e mgxKiY ¸‡jv wjL‡Z nq| Insert New Equation
AckbwU‡Z wK¬K Ki‡j GKwU bZzb Equation Tools Design bv‡gi U¨ve I‡cb n‡e| †mB U¨ve †_‡K Avcwb Avcbvi
cÖ‡qvRb g‡Zv mgxKiYwU wjL‡Z cvi‡eb| Pjzb wb‡P wP‡Îi gva¨‡g †`‡L †bqv hvKt
Insert New Equation AckbwU‡Z wK¬K Kivi ci Equation Tools Design bv‡gi GKwU bZzb U¨ve I‡cb
n‡q‡Q| U¨vewU‡K wZbwU MÖæ‡c fvM Kiv n‡q‡Q| U¨v‡ei MÖæc ¸‡jv m¤ú‡K© wb‡P Av‡jvPbv Kiv nj|
 Tools Group: GB MÖæ‡c Equation AckbwU Avgiv c‚‡e©B Av‡jvPbv K‡iwQ| mgxKiY PvU©wU cvIqvi Rb¨
GB AckbwU eënvi Ki‡Z nq| GB MÖæ‡ci Avi GKwU Ackb nj Normal Text, GB AckbwU mvaviY Text
wjLvi Rb¨ eënvi Ki‡Z cvi‡eb|
 Symbols: GB MÖæcwU mwgKi‡b wewfbœ ai‡bi Symbol A_©vr cÖZxK wPý †bqvi Rb¨ eënvi Ki‡Z cvi‡eb|
AviI AwaK cwigv‡b Symbol ¸‡jv †c‡Z Drop Down Arrow †Z wK¬K Kiæb Zvn‡j me ¸‡jv Symbol
†c‡q hv‡eb|
 Structures: GB MÖæcwU Equation Tools Design U¨v‡ei me †_‡K ¸iZ¡c‚Y©z MÖæc| hw` IqvW© †cB‡R
MvwYwZK mgxKiY wj‡L eënvi Ki‡Z PvB‡j GB MÖæ‡ci Ackb eënvi Ki‡Z n‡e| ‡hgb- + =
1) Merge Cells I Spilt Cells ej‡Z Kx ‡ev‡Sv?
DËi: GKvwaK †mj GKwÎZ Kiv‡K Merge Cells e‡j I GKwU †mj‡K GKvwaK †mj G iæcvšÍi Ki †K Spilt Cells e‡j|
2) Columm Auto Fit †Kb Kiv nq?
DËi: Row/Columm Gi Height Ges Width ÷¨vÛvW© mvBR ivLvi Rb¨ Auto Fit eënvi Kiv nq|
3) Header I Footer wK?
DËi :- WKz‡g‡›Ui Dc‡ii Ask‡K Header I WKz‡g‡›Ui wb‡Pi Ask‡K Footer e‡j|
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mß`k Aa¨vq
page layout
17.1) †cR †mUAvc :- Gg Gm IqvW© WKz‡g‡›U †cBR †mUAvc Ki‡Z PvB‡j Avcbv‡K wb‡gœi welq¸‡jvi Dci aviYv
_vK‡Z n‡e|
• Orientation: Portrait, Landscape
• Size: Width, Height
• Margins: Top, Bottom, Left, Right
 Orientation :- Gg Gm IqvW© WKz‡g‡›U wWdë Ae¯’vq KvMR j¤^vjw¤^ (Portrait) Awi‡q‡›Uk‡b _v‡K|
cÖ‡qvR‡b G Awi‡q‡›Ukb cwieZ©b Kiv hvq|
– cÖ‡qvRbxq WKz‡g›U I‡cb Kiæb|
– Layout U¨v‡ei Page Setup c¨v‡bj wKsev MÖæ‡ci Orientation Gi wb‡P Aew¯’Z WÖc-WvDb G¨v‡iv wK¬K
Kiæb|
– Gev‡i cÖ`wk©Z Ackb n‡Z Landscape wK¬K Kiæb|j¶¨ Kiæb, WKz‡g‡›Ui Awi‡q‡›Ukb j¤^vjw¤^ (Portrait)
†_‡K AvovAvwo (Landscape) n‡q‡Q|
 Size :- Gg Gm IqvW© WKz‡g‡›U wWdë Ae¯’vq KvM‡Ri mvBR _v‡K Letter (8.5″ x 11″)| KvM‡Ri mvBR
cwieZ©b Ki‡Z wb‡gœi c`‡¶c MÖnY Kiæb|
– Laoyut U¨v‡ei Page Setup c¨v‡bj wKsev MÖæ‡ci Size Gi wb‡P Aew¯’Z WÖc-WvDb G¨v‡iv wK¬K Kiæb|
– Gev‡i cÖ`wk©Z Ackb n‡Z A4 wK¬K Kiæb| (G‡¶‡Î KvM‡Ri mvBR A4 wba©viY K‡i †`Lv‡bv n‡q‡Q|
cÖ‡qvR‡b Avcwb wfbœ mvBRI wba©viY Ki‡Z cvi‡eb|)
– j¶¨ Kiæb, WKz‡g‡›Ui KvM‡Ri mvBR Letter mvBR †_‡K A4 mvB‡R cwiewZ©Z n‡q‡Q|
[‡bvU: GKB wbq‡g c…ôv mvBR Avcbvi cQ›`gZ wba©viY Ki‡Z cvi‡eb|]
 Kv÷g mvB‡Ri KvMR wba©viY Kiv :- Gg Gm IqvW© WKz‡g›U Kv÷g KvM‡Ri mvBR cwieZ©b Ki‡Z wb‡gœi
c`‡¶c MÖnY Kiæb|
– Layout U¨v‡ei Page Setup c¨v‡bj wKsev MÖæ‡ci Size Gi wb‡P Aew¯’Z WÖc-WvDb G¨v‡iv wK¬K Kiæb|
– AZci cÖ`wk©Z Ackb n‡Z More Paper Size wK¬K Kiæb|
– Gevi cÖ`wk©Z Page Setup WvqjM e‡·i Width Ges Height Gi Wv‡bi N‡i KvM‡Ri cÖ¯’ I ‰`‡N©Ï
mvBR wba©viY Kiæb Ges Ok wK¬K Kiæb|
 Margins :- Gg Gm IqvW© WKz‡g‡›U wWdë Ae¯’vq KvM‡Ri Top, Bottom, Left I Right gvwR©‡bi
mvBR _v‡K 1 BwÂ| KvM‡Ri gvwR©b mvBR cwieZ©b Ki‡Z wb‡gœi c`‡¶c MÖnY Kiæb|
– cÖ‡qvRbxq WKz‡g›U I‡cb Kiæb |
– Layout U¨v‡ei Page Setup c¨v‡bj wKsev Mªz‡ci Margins Gi wb‡P Aew¯’Z WÖc-WvDb G¨v‡iv wK¬K
Kiæb|
– Gev‡i cÖ`wk©Z †gb¨z n‡Z cÖ‡qvRbxq gvwR©b wba©viY Kiæb|
– j¶¨ Kiæb, WKz‡g‡›Ui KvM‡Ri gvwR©b Ic‡ii †mwUs G cwiewZ©Z n‡q‡Q|
– fvwU©K¨vj iæjv‡ii Ici Wvej-wK¬K K‡i Page Setup WvqjM e· I‡cb Kiæb| AZci Margin U¨ve K‡i
cÖ‡qvRbxq gvwR©b wba©viY Ki‡Z cvi‡eb|
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 Kv÷g mvB‡Ri gvwR©b wba©viY Kiv :- Gg Gm IqvW© WKz‡g›U Gi Kv÷g KvM‡Ri gvwR©b cwieZ©b Ki‡Z
wb‡gœi c`‡¶c MÖnY Kiæb|
– Layout U¨v‡ei Page Setup c¨v‡bj wKsev Mªz‡ci Margins Gi wb‡P Aew¯’Z WÖc-WvDb G¨v‡iv wK¬K
Kiæb|
– AZ:ci cÖ`wk©Z Ackb n‡Z Custom Margins wK¬K Kiæb|
– Gevi cÖ`wk©Z Page Setup WvqjM e‡·i Margin U¨v‡ei Top, Bottom, Left Ges Right Gi Wv‡bi N‡i
KvM‡Ri cÖ‡qvRbxq gvwR©b wba©viY K‡i Ok wK¬K Kiæb|
– j¶¨ Kiæb, WKz‡g›UwU Kv÷g mvB‡Ri gvwR©b Øviv cwiewZ©Z n‡q‡Q|
 Kjvg ˆZwi Kiv:- ‰`wbK msev`cÎ, mvßvwnK I gvwmK g¨vMvwRb Ges wewfbœ cÎ cwÎKvi †jLvmg‚n Kjvg
AvKv‡i Dc¯’vcb Kiv nq| Iqv‡W© Kjvg ˆZwi K‡i UvBc Kiv hvq A_ev UvBc †k‡l Kjvg ˆZwi Kiv hvq|
Kjvg ˆZwii Rb¨-
– Page Layout wieb Gi Page Setup Gi Aaxb Columns G wK¬K Kiæb| Zvici cÖ‡qvRb Abzhvqx Kjvg
†mU Kiæb A_ev More Columns G wK¬K Kiæb| c`©vq Kjvg WvqvjM e· Avm‡e|
– Number of Columns G hZ msL¨v w`‡eb ZZwU Kjvg ˆZwi n‡e|
– Ok evU‡b wK¬K Kiæb|
 Kjvg †_‡K Kjv‡g ¯’vbvšÍi cÖwµqv :-GK Kjvg †_‡K Avi GK Kjv‡g Kvm©i ¯’vbvšÍ‡ii Rb¨-
– cÖ_g Kjv‡g †jLvi †k‡l Kvm©i ivLzb|
– Page Layout wieb Gi Page Setup Gi Aaxb Breaks G wK¬K Kiæb| Zvici Column G wK¬K Kiæb|
17.2) Page Background:-
 Watermark:- watermark k‡ãi A_© RjQvc| †Kvb †c‡Ri †jLvi wb‡P cÖwZôv‡bi ev Kv‡ivi bvg,
†jv‡Mv, Qwe BZ¨vw` RjQvc wn‡m‡e †Ìqv hvq|
– IqvW© †cB‡R Watermark †bqvi Rb¨ Gg.Gm IqvW© †cÖvMÖvgwU I‡cb Kiæb
– Zvici wie‡bi page Layout U¨v‡e(gvB‡µvmdU 07) A_ev Design (gvB‡µvmdU 10/13/16) U¨v‡e wK¬K
Kiæb|
– Gevi Page Background MÖæ‡ci Watermark Ack‡b wK¬K Kiæb, Confidential bv‡gi GKwU
Watermark wj÷ Avm‡e|
– wj÷wU‡Z j¶¨ Ki‡j †`L‡eb †mLv‡b K‡qK cÖKvi Watermark wWRvBb i‡q‡Q| GQvovI Ackb †gbzwU‡Z
wb‡Pi As‡k j¶¨ Ki‡j †`L‡eb †mLv‡b wKQz Ackb i‡q‡Q| GB Ackb ¸‡jv cÖ‡qvM K‡i Avcwb RjQvc ¸‡jv
wb‡R g‡Zv K‡i mvRv‡Z cvi‡eb| †m wel‡q Avgiv ch©vq µ‡g Av‡jvPbv Ki‡ev|
– GLb Avcwb wj÷ †_‡K Avcbvi cQ›` g‡Zv Watermark wWRvBbwU wbe©vPb K‡i Zv‡Z wK¬K Kiæb| Zvn‡j
Avcbvi eëüZ †cB‡R Watermark wU P‡j Avm‡e|
wb‡Ri B”Qv g‡Zv RjQvc †`qvi Rb¨ Avcwb Confidential bv‡gi Watermark wj÷ Gi wb‡Pi As‡k `yBwU
Ackb i‡q‡Q|
 Custom Watermark :- wb‡Ri B”Qv g‡Zv Watermark eënvi Ki‡Z n‡j GB AckbwUi eënvi Ki‡Z
n‡e|
 Remove Watermark :- GB Ackb wU †cBR †_‡K Watermark DwV‡q †djvi Rb¨ cÖ‡qvM Ki‡Z n‡e|
‡cB‡R RjQvc wb‡Ri g‡Zv mvRv‡bvi Rb¨ hLb Avcwb GB AckbwU‡Z wK¬K Kiæb, †`L‡eb Printed
Watermark bv‡gi GKwU WvqvjM e· G‡m‡Q | WvqvjM e·wU‡Z wKQz Ackb i‡q‡Q| GB Ackb ¸‡jvi gva¨‡g
Avcwb †cB‡R †h‡Kv‡bv wcKPvi, wb‡Ri cÖ‡qvRb g‡Zv Text, Text Color, Text Style, Watermark Size
eënvi Ki‡Z cvi‡eb|
71 | P a g e
 Text Watermark :- GB AckbwU wm‡j± Ki‡j †cB‡R IqvUvigvK© wb‡Ri g‡Zv BbmvU© Kivi Rb¨
Language, Text, Font, Size, Color, Layout BZ¨vw` GkwUf I n‡q †M‡Q|
– Language :- fvlv cwieZ©b Ki‡Z Language e‡·i Arrow †Z wK¬K Kiæb, GKwU Language wj÷
Avm‡e| wj÷ †_‡K Avcbvi cÖ‡qvRb g‡Zv fvlv wm‡j± K‡i Zv‡Z wK¬K Kiæb|
– Text :- ‡cB‡R wb‡Ri cÖ‡qvRb g‡Zv Text eënvi Ki‡Z PvB‡j Text e‡·i †jLv‡K wm‡j± K‡i
Avcbvi cÖ‡qvRb g‡Zv Text wjLzb|
– Size :- Text Gi AvKvi cwieZ©b Ki‡Z PvB‡j Size Ack‡bi Arrow †Z wK¬K Kiæb, GKwU wj÷
Avm‡e| wj÷ †_‡K Avcbvi cÖ‡qvRb g‡Zv mvBR wm‡j± Kiæb A_ev Auto mvBR eënvi Ki‡Z cv‡ib|
– Color :- hw` IqvUvigv‡KiÖ Kvjvi cwieZ©b Ki‡Z Pvb Zvn‡j Color Ack‡bi Arrow †Z wK¬K Kiæb,
GKwU Kvjvi PvU© Avm‡e †mLv‡b Avcbvi cQ›` g‡Zv Kvjvi wm‡j± Kiæb|
– Layout :- RjQvcwU †cB‡R †Kvbv‡Kvwb fv‡e wb‡Z PvB‡j Layout Ack‡bi Diagonal , †mvRvmzwR
fv‡e wb‡Z PvB‡j Horizontal Ack‡b wK¬K Kiæb|
me wKQz wVKVvK _vK‡j Gevi Apply Ack‡b wK¬K Kiæb, Zvn‡j RjQvcwU Avcbvi cÖ‡qvRb g‡Zv †cB‡R eënvi
n‡e|
 Picture Watermark :- Avcwb †Kvb wcKPvi BbmvU© Ki‡Z Pvb †m †¶‡Î Printed Watermark WvqvjM
e‡·i Picture Watermark Ack‡b wK¬K Kiæb| Zvn‡j wcKPvi BbmvU© Kivi AckbwU GKwUf n‡q hv‡e|
Picture Watermark Ack‡b wK¬K Kivi ci Select Picture AckbwU GKwUf n‡q †M‡Q|GLb Avcwb
wcKPvi BbmvU© Kivi Rb¨ Select Picture Ack‡b wK¬K K†i Avcwb Avcbvi wcwm‡Z msiw¶Z wcKPvi †_‡K
B‡gR eÖvDR K‡i BbmvU© wK¬K Ki‡jB †mwU RjQvc wn‡m‡e eënvi Ki‡Z cvi‡eb|
 PAGE COLOR:- mv`v c„ôv‡K wewfbœ i‡O cwieZ©b Ki‡Z eëüZ nq |
– Gg.Gm IqvW© †cÖvMÖvgwU I‡cb Kiæb
– Zvici wie‡bi page Layout U¨v‡e wK¬K Kiæb|
– Gevi Page Background MÖæ‡ci Page color Ack‡b wK¬K K†i cQ›`gZ iO wm‡j± Kiæb |
 Color page Print :- †cBR iO Kivi ci I A‡bK mgq wcÖ›U wcÖwfD G †`Lv hv‡e †cBR Gi iO mv`v|
A_©vr wcÖ›U Ki‡j mv`v †cBR B wcÖ›U n‡e | ZvB iw½b †cBR wcÖ›U Ki‡Z n‡j wb‡¤œv³ c×wZ¸‡jv d‡jv Ki‡Z n‡e :-
– gvB‡µvmdU Awdm evUb / dvBj G wK¬K K‡i Word Option wK¬K Kiæb|
– Display ‡gbyev‡i Print Background Color & Image Gi mvg‡b wUK wPý wè |
– Zvici Print preview †PK Ki‡j †`Lv hv‡e iw½b KvMRwU Print preview G †`Lv hv‡”Q|
 c„ôvq eW©vi Kiv (Page Border) :- ‡Kvb †jLvi/c„ôvi Pviw`‡K eW©vi Kivi Rb¨-
• cÖ‡qvRbxq †jLv/c„ôv‡K wm‡j± Ki‡Z n‡e|
• Page Layout wieb Gi Page Background Gi Aaxb Page Borders wK¬K Ki‡j wKQz Ackb e·
Avm‡e|
• Page Border U¨ve wm‡j± K‡i Box Buttons wK¬K Ki‡Z n‡e|
• Ok wK¬K Ki‡j c…ôvq eW©vi n‡q hv‡e|
 ‡jLv †kwWs Kiv (Shading) :- ‡Kvb †jLv‡K Shading A_¨©vr †jLvi gv‡S Shade (Qvqv) †`qvi Rb¨-
• †jLv/c…ôvq Kvm©i ivL‡Z n‡e|
• Page Layout wieb Gi Page Background Gi Aaxb Page Borders wK¬K Ki‡Z n‡e|
• Shading U¨ve wK¬K K‡i Pattern Style wm‡j± Ki‡Z n‡e|
• Apply to e· †_‡K Text ev Paragraph wm‡j± Ki‡Z n‡e|
• Ok wK¬K Ki‡j †jLv/c…ôvq Shade (Qvqv) n‡q hv‡e|
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Aóv`k Aa¨vq
Reference
18.1) Table of content:- awi, 5 c…ôvi GKwU WKz‡g›U wj‡LwQ, Gi 1g c„ôvq Blank _vK‡e | GB c„ôvq Avgiv
m~wPcÎ ˆZix Ki‡ev |
• c‡ii c…ôv¸‡jv cÖ‡Z¨KwU‡Z GKwU K‡i wk†ivbvg/ HEADING wè| GRb¨ cÖwZUv Heading wm‡j± K‡i
Home>styles Gi †h †Kvb Style G wK¬K Kwi|
• Gevi cÖ_g †c‡R G‡m Kvm©i ivL‡ev |
• Zvici Table of content wK¬K K‡i cQ›` gZ GKUv Ackb wm‡j± Ki‡jB m‚wPcÎ ˆZwi n‡q hv‡e|
• bZzb †cR Add K‡i Update Table G wK¬K Ki‡j H †cRUv m‚wPc‡Î ‡hvM n‡q hv‡e|
18.2) Footnotes :- wewfbœ eB ev wdPv‡i cÖvqB †`Lv hvq wewfbœ Word Gi †k‡l WKz‡g›U m¤úwK©Z †Kvb msL¨v /
†U·U †jLv _v‡K| GUv‡K Foonote e‡j |
• cÖ_‡g Text ¸‡jv ûeû UvBc Kiæb (B”QvgZ Text I UvBc Ki‡Z cv‡ib)|
Any substance of product That is used to modify explorer physiological or pathological
system of the recipient for benefit are called drug.
• cÖ_‡g jvB‡b product k‡ãi †k‡l Kvm©i ‡i‡L References>Insert Footnote G wK¬K Kiæb|
• j¶¨ Kiæb Product k‡ãi Wv‡b 1 †jLv Avm‡e Ges Kvm©i c…ôvi wb‡P gvwR©‡bi mv‡_ Ae¯’vb Ki‡Q|
• Kvm©‡ii Ae¯’v‡b Paracetamol wjLzb, A_©vr Product wU n‡”Q Paracetamol .
• Avi GB wb‡P †jLv AskwUB n‡”Q Paracetamol .
 End note :- Footnote Gi gZ GKB wbq‡g ˆZix nq | cv_©K¨ n‡”Q Footnote c„ôvi †k‡l I End note
WKz‡g‡›Ui †k‡l wjL‡Z nq|
• wbw`©ó k‡ãi c‡i Kvm©i ivLzb(WKz‡g‡›U GKvwaK c…ôv _vK‡Z n‡e)|
• References>Insert End note G wK¬K Kiæb|
• Foot note Gi gZ End note I wj‡L †djzb|
• Gevi Referencs> Foot note Gi WÖc WvDb A¨v‡iv‡Z wK¬K Kiæb| Zvn‡j wb‡Pi gZ wKQz Ackb cvIqv
hv‡e|
– Location :- WvqvjM e‡· Location Foot note/End note WKz‡g‡›Ui †Kv_vq em‡e Zv wm‡j± Kiv
hvq|
– Number Format- GwUi gva¨‡g msL¨v ¸†jv wK ai‡bi n‡e A_¨vr (1,2,3) bvwK a,b,c n‡e BZ¨vw`
wbe©vPb Kiv hv‡e|
– Start at- GLv‡b KZ †_‡K note ïiæ n‡e †hgb 1 bvwK 5 †_‡K ïiæ n‡e BZ¨vw` wm‡j± Kiv hvq |
– Numbering -GB Ack‡b Continuous wm‡j± _vK‡j avivevwnKfv‡e bv¤^vi em‡e| Restart page /
Restart Each Section wm‡j± _vK‡j cÖwZUv c…ôvi ïiæ †_‡K bv¤^vi ïiæ n‡e|
18.3) Citation and Bibliography :- A‡bK mgq ‡Kv‡bv eB wjL‡Z wM‡q Ab¨ eB †_‡K †Kvb wKQz Zz‡j ai‡Z
nq| ZLb Ab¨ eB †_‡K hw` †Kvb jvBb Avgiv eB†qi g‡a¨ XzwK‡q w`‡Z PvB,ZLb Aek¨B †µwWU w`‡Z n‡e| bv n‡j
eB‡qi bv‡g Copy write AvB‡b gvgjv n‡Z cv‡i| †m †¶‡Î GB Ackb Uv eëüZ nq|
• awi mgvR †mev Awa`dZi †jLvUvi cv‡k credit w`†ev|
• cÖ_‡g WKz‡g‡›U ÒmgvR‡mev Awa`dZiÓ wjL‡ev |
mgvR‡mev Awa`dZi
73 | P a g e
• Zvn‡j †h †jLvwU‡K credit w`‡ev †mB †jLvUvi cv‡k Kvm©i †i‡L Insert citation>add new source G
wK¬K Ki‡j GKUv B›Uvi‡dm Avm‡e|
• GLb Avgiv Author ( †jL‡Ki bvg) Title ,year, city publisher Gi wdì ¸†jv c‚b© K‡i ok click
Ki‡jB citation ˆZix n†q hv‡e|
• GLb hw` GB Credit Uv jvB‡bi †k‡l bv w`‡q eB‡qi †k‡l w`‡Z PvB, Zvn‡j eB‡qi †k‡l Kvm©i †i‡L
Bibliography †Z wK¬K Ki‡jB P‡j Avm‡e |
18.4) Captions :- WKz‡g‡›Ui cÖ‡qvR‡b Avgiv Equation, Table Picture BZ¨vw` ms‡hvM K‡i _vwK| GKB
ai‡bi A‡bK ¸‡jv object _vK‡j caption †Ìqvi ìKvi nq| awi, GKUv WKz‡g‡›U A‡bK¸‡jv Table Av‡Q|
• 1g table G Kvm©i †i‡L Insert caption G wK¬K Kwi| Caption G wK¬K Ki‡j GKwU B›Uvi‡dm Avm‡e |
• Caption Ack‡b table 1, label Ack‡bi Wªc WvDb A¨v‡iv†Z wK¬K Ki‡j Figure/ Equation Ges
Table †_‡K Figure wm‡j± Kiæb|
• position Ack‡bi WvDb A¨v‡iv†Z wK¬K Ki‡j Ae‡R‡±i †Kvb Ask caption em‡e †mB Ask wm‡j± Kiæb |
• me©‡k‡l ok evU‡b wK¬K Ki‡jB table 1 Ackb Avm‡e | Gfv‡e c‡ii table ¸‡jv‡ZI caption ˆZwi Kiv
hvq|
• caption ˆZwi n‡q ‡M‡j Referance >Insert table of figure G wK¬K Ki‡jB †`wL‡q w`‡e †Kvb †c‡R
†Kvb table wU Aew¯’Z |
wb‡Pi †UwejwU jÿ Kwi |
Table 1
Table 2
18.5)Index :- ‡Kvb eB‡qi ¸iæZ¡c‚Y© kã¸‡jv †KvbUv †Kvb †c‡R Av‡Q, †mUv Rvbvi Rb¨ Index Gi mark Entry
eëüZ nq|
• WKz‡g‡›Ui ¸iæZ¡c‚Y© kã¸‡jv wm‡j± K‡i Reference > mark entry †Z wK¬K Kwi |
• Zvici main entry wd‡ì Kvm©i †i‡L †h kã¸‡jv m‚wPc‡Î Avb‡Z PvB †m kã ¸‡jv wm‡j± Ki‡ev|
• Mark entry Kivi mgq ‡jLv nheij n‡Z cv‡i| †mRb¨ wPšÍvi †Kvb Kvib †bB|
• Avgiv Kx‡evvW© †_‡K Ctrl+* G wK¬K Ki†ev |
• Gici Reference>Insert index G wK¬K K‡i kã¸‡jv †KvbUv †Kvb †c‡R Zv mzwPcÎ AvKv‡i cÖKvk Ki‡Z
cvi†ev |
18.6)Table of authority :-
• Reference > Mark citation G wK¬K Ki‡j GKUv B›Uvi‡dm †`Lv hv‡e|
• GLb WKz‡g›U †_‡K †Kvb kã wb‡q Short Citation wK¬K K‡i Mark K‡i Close Ki‡j †jLvwU nheij
Ae¯’vq †`Lv hv‡e|
• Gevi Kx‡evW© †_‡K Ctrl+* G wK¬K K‡i †jLvwUi nheij Ae¯’v Zz‡j †Ìqv hv‡e |
• Zvici insert table of authorities G wK¬K Ki‡ev| Zvn‡j H kã ¸‡jv †Kvb †c‡R Av‡Q, Zv †`wL‡q
w`‡e|
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Ebwesk Aa¨vq
Mailing Merge
19.1) Mailing Merge :- KL‡bv KL‡bv GKB wPwV wfbœ wfbœ bvg I wVKvbvmn m‡¤^vab Kiv nq| G‡¶‡Î gzj wPwVwU
GKB _vK‡e wKšÍy hv‡ì Kv‡Q cvVv†ev Zv‡ì mevi bvg wVKvbv wfbœ nq| Mailing merge Ki‡Z wb‡Pi Step ¸‡jv
av‡c av‡c Ki‡Z n‡e|
1. g‚j wPwVwU ˆZwi Kiæb|
2. wVKvbv m¤^wjZ WvUv‡eR ˆZix Kiæb |
3. g‚j wPwVi cÖ‡qvRbxq AskwU gvR© Kiæb|
4. g‚j wPwV I WvUv‡eR gvR© Kiæb|
 g‚j wPwV ˆZwi :-
• File > New >Blank document wm‡j± K‡i create evU‡b wK¬K Kiæb||
• Zvici wb‡Pi wPwVwU ˆZix Kiæb|
bvg
MÖvg
‡Rjv
†gvevBj bs
Rbve,
AvMvgx ZvwiL AvwjqvinvU, wkeMÄ Dc‡Rjvq dzUej †Ljvi Av‡qvRb Kiv n‡q‡Q, D³ †Ljvq
Avcwb/Avcbviv ¯êvÜ‡e Dcw¯’Z _vK‡eb|
Avgš¿‡b cjøe|
• GB wPwVwU UvBc K‡i Letter bv‡g Save K‡i ivLzb|
 wVKvbv m¤^wjZ WvUv‡eR ˆZix :-
• File > New >Blank document wm‡j± K‡i create evU‡b wK¬K Kiæb|
• Zvici WvUv‡eRmn †Uwej ˆZix K†i Table bv‡g †mf Kwi|
SI.NO NAME VILLAGE District Mobile no Date

01 Rajib Shibganj Bogura 01312 7.3.2021
02 Rokon Shamoli Dhaka 01741 7.3.2021
03 Sobur Pirganj Rangpur 01919 7.3.2021
04 Sadhin Gabtoli Bogura 01845 7.3.2021
05 Anisur Dhap Rangpur 01542 7.3.2021
75 | P a g e
 g‚j wPwVi cÖ‡qvRbxq AskwU gvR© Kiæb :- Letter bv‡g Save Kiv WKz‡g›UwU I‡cb Ki‡ev |
• Mailing > Start mail merge > Letter G wK¬K Ki‡ev|
• Select Recipients > use existing list wK¬K K‡i c~‡e©i †mf Kiv †Uwej WKz‡g›UwU wm‡j± Kiyb|
• GLb bvg, MÖvg, ‡Rjv , †gvevBj bs Gi c‡i Ges ZvwiL Gi c~‡e© Kvm©i †i†L Insert merge field >
cÖ‡qvRb Abymv‡i Name , Village, District, Mobile no, Date wm‡j± Kiæb |
• Qwe‡Z †`Lzb †jLv¸‡jv GKUz G‡jv‡g‡jvfv‡e G‡m‡Q,GB G‡jv‡g‡jv kã¸‡jv wb‡q wPšÍvi Kvib †bB, c‡i wVK
n‡q hv‡e|
 g‚j wPwV I WvUv‡eR gvR© :- Mailing > Finish & merge > Edit individual documents G wK¬K
Kiæb|
• All wm‡j± K‡i ok wK¬K Kiæb |
• Zvn‡jB †`Lv hv‡e cÖ‡Z¨‡Ki bv‡g Avjv`v Avjv`v wPwV ˆZix n‡q hv‡e |
19.2) Envelop :- File > New >Blank document wm‡j± K‡i create evU‡b wK¬K K‡i bZzb WKz‡g›U ˆZix
Kiæb|
• Mailing > Start mail merge > Envelope wK¬K Kiæb|

• Select Recipients > Use existing list G wK¬K K‡i c‚‡e©i ˆZix K…Z Table WKz‡g›UwU †`wL‡q w`b|
• GLb H N‡ii g‡a¨ To wj‡L Enter Press K‡i c‡ii jvB‡b hvb|
• Zvici Insert merge field N‡i Name, Vill, Dis, Mobileno, Date wm‡j± Kiæb |
• Mailing > Finish and merge > Edit Individual Document G wK¬K Kiæb|
 D`vniY :- GLb awi GB Table Gi g‡a¨ ïazgvÎ Rangpur G hv‡ì evmv Zv‡ì Kv‡Q wPwV cvVv†ev|
GRb¨-
• Av‡Mi †Zix Letter WKz‡g›UUv Open Kwi|
• WKz‡g‡›Ui cÖ_‡g Kvm©i †i‡L Start mail Merge G wK¬K Kwi|
• Mailing >select recipients >Use existing List> c‚‡e© ˆZixK…Z Table WKz‡g›UwU ‡`wL†q †`B|
• Mailing > Edit Recipient List > Filter G wK¬K Kwi| Zvn‡j GKUv B›Uvi‡dm Avm‡e|
• Field N‡i Dis; comparison N‡i Equal to Ges campare to N‡i Rangpur wm‡j± Kwi|
• Mail merge helper WvqvjM e‡· wd‡i Avm‡ev| GLv‡b ïazgvÎ Rangpur Gi WvUvmg‚n †`L‡Z cvi‡ev|
Av‡Mi wbq‡g Insert merge field evU‡b wK¬K K‡i wdì Avbyb I cÖ‡qvRbxq ‡U·U wb‡q c‚‡e©i wbq‡g gvR©
Kiæb|
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Review
20.1) Proofing :-
 Spelling & Grammer( fzj evbvb Ges evK¨ ms‡kvab Kiv) :- WKz‡g‡›U Bs‡iwR UvBc Ki‡j Ges Zv
Kw¤úDUv‡ii fvlvq fzj n‡j H k‡ãi wb‡P jvj `vM †`Lv w`‡q _v‡K| G‡¶‡Î †gbzi gva¨‡g ms‡kvab Ki‡Z
n‡j-
 cÖ_‡g Kvm©i †i‡L Review wieb Gi Proofing Gi Aaxb Spelling Grammer wK¬K K‡i GKwU WvqvjM
e· Avb†ev|
 Kw¤úDUvi wWKkbvwi Abzhvqx IqvW© Gi evbvb fzj _vK‡j H k‡ãi cwie‡Z© mv‡Rkb e‡· wKQz kã †`Lv hv‡e|
GLb H kã cwieZ©b Ki‡Z PvB‡j e‡·i ga¨Kvi mwVK kã‡K wm‡j± K‡i Change wK¬K Ki‡Z n‡e|
 GKB RvZxq kã GK mv‡_ cwieZ©b Ki‡Z PvB‡j Change All wK¬K Ki‡Z n‡&e|
 †Kvb k‡ãi evbvb wVK _vKv m‡Ë¡I fzj ai‡j H kã‡K cvk KvUv‡bvi Rb¨ Ignore Ges Hiƒc GKB RvZxq kã
_vK‡j Ignore All wK¬K Ki‡Z n‡e|
 Grammar Check with Mouse :- Kx‡evW© Qvov gvDm eënvi K‡iI evbvb ï× Kiv hvq |
 WKz‡g‡›Ui †h evbvbwU fzj n‡q‡Q Zv wm‡j± Kiæb|
 Gev‡i fzj evbvbwUi Dci gvD‡mi ivBU evUb wK¬K Kiæb|
 cÖ`wk©Z WvqvjM e‡· H fzj evbv‡bi m¤¢ve¨Zg ï× evbvb¸‡jv n‡Z cÖ‡qvRbxq evbvb wm‡j± Kiæb|
 j¶¨ Kiæb, wm‡j± Kiv fzj evbvbwU ï× evbvb Øviv cwiewZ©Z n‡q‡Q|
 Research & Thesaurus :-
 Research :-
 WKz‡g‡›Ui †h †Kvb kã‡K wm‡j± K‡i Research evU‡b wK¬K Ki‡j wKQz Ackb Avm‡e |
 Zvici mezR evU‡b wK¬K Ki‡j H k†ãi mv‡_ m¤úwK©Z wewfbœ kã Avm‡e |
 Thesaurus:-
 awi bZzb GKwU WKz‡g‡›U Teacher kãwU wm‡j± Kijvg |
 Review > Thesaurus A_ev Kx ‡evW© †_‡K Shift+F7 wK¬K Kiæb| Zvn‡j GKUv Task Pane Avm‡e |
 Search For Ack‡b Teacher kãwU _vK‡e I wb‡P Meaning Ack‡b Noun, Adjective,mgv_©K kã
BZ¨vw` _vK‡e |
 Translate-
 Review > Translate G wK¬K Ki‡eb |
 wK¬K Kivi ci Search for wd‡ì wM‡q ‡h kãUv Translate Ki‡eb H kãUv wjL‡eb Ges From G United
state(English) I To †jLv wdì G evsjv wm‡j± K‡i w`‡eb | Gici wb‡P mezR evU‡b wK¬K Ki‡jB H kãUv
Translate K‡i w`‡e |
 Word Count-
 Review >word Count G wK¬K Ki‡jB WKz‡g‡›U KZ¸‡jv Page, Word, Lines BZ¨vw` Av‡Q Zv Rvb‡Z
cvi†ev|
 Comments- †h †Kvb kã, c¨vivMÖvd m¤ú‡K© K‡g›U ev gšÍe¨ Ki‡Z New Comment eëüZ nq |
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 WKz‡g‡›Ui †h jvBb ev k‡ãi Dci K‡g›U Ki‡Z PvB ,‡mB kã ev jvB‡b Kvm©i †i‡L Review> New
Comment G wK¬K Ki‡ev | wK¬K Kivi ci GKUv Ni Avm‡e | H N‡i kã m¤ú‡K© †h †Kvb wKQz wjL‡Z
cvi‡ev| cieZ©x mgq H k‡ãi Dci Kvm©iUv Avb‡j Avgv‡ì †jLv K‡g›UwU †f‡m DV‡e |
 Delete w`‡q K‡g›U wW‡jU Next w`‡q c‚‡e©i K‡g›U Avi Previous w`‡q c‡ii K‡g›U †`L‡Z cvi‡ev|
20.2) Track Changes :- Kv‡Ri cÖ‡qvR‡b A‡bK mgq WKz‡g‡›Ui di‡gU cwieZ©b Ki‡Z nq| wKš‘ †mB WKz‡g‡›U
hLb Ab¨ †KD eënvi K‡i ZLb †m Track Changes Gi gva¨‡g eyS‡Z cv‡i WKz‡g‡›Ui †Kvb †Kvb As‡k
cwieZ©b Kiv n‡q‡Q| Zvici Accept I Reject Gi gva¨‡g †mB e¨w³ WKz‡g‡›Ui di‡g‡Ui cwieZ©b n‡e wK
n‡e bv †mB wm×všÍ wb‡Z cv‡i|
20.3) Compare - 2Uv Word File Gi g‡a¨ Zzjbv Ki‡Z GwU eëüZ nq |
 Review > Compare G wK¬K Ki‡j GKwU WvqvjM e· Avm‡e |
 Orginal Documents Gi WÖc WvDb †gbz †_‡K Recent Document ¸‡jv Open Ki‡Z cvi‡ev A_ev
cv‡k †dvìvi wPwýZ Ackb †_‡K Browse K‡i Kw¤úDUv‡i Aew¯’Z WKz‡g›UwU wm‡j± Ki‡ev |
 Avi †h dvBj Gi mv‡_ Zzjbv Ki‡Z PvB †mB dvBjUv Revised Document G wM‡q wm‡j± Ki‡ev |
Zvici Ok wK¬K Ki‡ev |
 2wU dvBj Gi g‡a¨ hw` †Kvb wKQzB bv wg‡j _v‡K, Zvn‡j cv‡k jvj `vM wPý Avm‡e| Avi Zv hw` Similar
nq, Zvn‡j Zv †K‡U †`wL‡q w`‡e|
 Avevi Compare Uv wKfv‡e Ki‡e Zv †`Lvi Rb¨ Review> Compare >Show Source Document G
wK¬K Ki‡j wKfv‡e dvBj 2wUi g‡a¨ Compare Ki‡e Zv †`wL†q w`‡e | Avgiv †mLvb †_‡K cQ›`gZ Ackb
†e‡Q wb‡ev|
20.4) Protect- aiæb Avwg GKwU WKz‡g›U ˆZix K‡iwQ | WKz‡g›UwU Avgvi GK eÜz †cbWªvBf w`‡q wb‡e | hw` Avwg
Zv‡K WKz‡g›UwU †cbWªvB‡f †`B , Zvn‡j †m WKz‡g›UwU wb‡Ri bv‡g Pvjv‡Z cv‡i | ZvB WKz‡g›UwU Avwg jK
K‡i w`‡ev | †h‡bv Avwg Qvov †KD WKz‡g›UwU Edit Ki‡Z bv cv‡i | †mB jKUv Avgiv Restrict Editing G
wM‡q Ki‡Z cvwi|
 Restrict Formatting & Editing G wK¬K Kivi ci wKQz Ackb Avm‡e |
– Limit formatting to a selection to a style G wUK wPý wè | Zvn‡j Avwg Qvov †KD
Format Uv P¨vÄ Ki‡Z cvi‡e bv |
– wUK wPý †Ìqvi ci Yes, Start Enforcing protection G wK¬K Ki‡ev| Zvn‡j GKUv WvqvjM e·
Avm‡e | D³ WvqvjM e‡· New Password I Confirm Password w`‡q OK Ki‡ev|
– Zvn‡j Avwg WKz‡g‡›Ui †Kvb ¯’v‡bB Formatting ‡PÄ Ki‡Z cvi†ev bv|
– GLb hw` Avwg Formatting Uv Edit Ki‡Z PvB Zvn‡j Stop Protection G wK¬K K‡i Av‡Mi
cvmIqvW© w`‡q SAVE Ki‡jB Avwg WKz‡g‡›Ui Formatting Avevi c‚‡e©i b¨vq ‡PÄ Ki‡Z cvi‡ev |
 GLb hw` Avwg PvB , WKz‡g‡›Ui g‡a¨ †Kvb kã ev Ab¨ wKQzB Editing Ki‡Z cvi‡e bv ZLb -
– Editing Restriction Gi g‡a¨ Allow only this type of Editing in the document Gi
cv‡k wUK wPý wè | Zvici wb‡P wKQz Ackb Avm‡e|
– Zvi g‡a¨ No Changes ( Read Only) wm‡j± K‡i c‚‡e©i b¨vq Yes, Start Enforcing
Protection G wK¬K Ki‡ev |
– Zvici New Password I Confirm Password w`‡q Save Ki‡ev| Zvn‡jB †`Lv hv‡e
WKz‡g‡›Ui †Kvb wKQzB Avi Edit Ki‡Z cvw”Q bv|
 hw` Avevi Edit Ki‡Z PvB Zvn‡j c‚‡e©i b¨vq Stop protection I Av‡Mi †Ìqv Password wU w`‡Z n‡e| Avwg GLb WKz‡g›UwU Avevi
Edit Ki‡Z cvi‡ev| Avi hw` Formatting I Editing `z‡Uv‡ZB wUK wPý †`B , ZvB‡j Avi WKz‡g›UwUi †Kvb wKQzB Edit Kiv m¤¢e n‡e
bv|
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VIEW
VIEW A_© †`Lv | GB †gb¨z ev‡i Avgiv †Kvb wKQz †PÄ Ki‡Z cvi‡ev bv | ïazgvÎ KvR †`Lvi / Kivi mzweav‡Z© GB
AckbwU eëüZ nq| ‡hgb aiæb Avgvi KvR Kivi mzweavi Rb¨ gvB‡µvmdU IqvW© Gi Dc‡i iæjvi ìKvi wKsev
Iqv‡W©i Dci wMÖWjvBb ìKvi | Z‡e wcÖ›U †Ìqvi mgq GB iæjvi ev wMÖWjvBb wcÖ›U n‡e bv | ïazgvÎ Kv‡Ri mzweavi
Rb¨ GB Ackb¸‡jv eënvi Ki‡ev|
21.1) Document Views- †cRUv‡K Avgiv wKfv‡e co‡ev , †mB Ackb ¸‡jv Views Gi g‡a¨ Av‡Q |
 Read mode(10/13/16)/ Full Screen Reading(07):- View> Read Mode a wK¬K Ki‡j
†cRUv dzj ¯Œxb G eo K‡i co‡Z cvi‡ev | GK †cR cov †kl K‡i Ab¨ †c‡R †h‡Z PvB‡j gvD‡mi
¯Œjev‡i wK¬K Ki‡ev | Avevi †cRUv‡K †K‡U hw` Av‡Mi Ae¯’v‡b †h‡Z PvB ,Zvn‡j Kx ‡ev‡W©i ESC evU‡b
wK¬K Ki†ev |
 Print Layout:- †cRUv‡K ¯^vfvweK Ae¯’v‡b †`L‡Z PvB‡j A_©vr WKz‡g›UUv‡K Open Ki‡jB Avgiv
†cRUv‡K †hfv‡e †`wL †mUvB n‡”Q Print Layout.
 Web Layout:- Website G †M‡j †cRUv‡K wKfv‡e †`L†ev, ‡mUv †`Lvi Rb¨ Web LayoutG wK¬K
Ki‡ev|
 out Line:- Bullet Point AvKv‡i hw` WKz‡g›UwU †`L‡Z PvB, Zvn‡j Out Line G wK¬K Ki†ev| GB
Ackb¸‡jv WKz‡g‡›Ui w¯Œ‡bi wb‡PI †`L‡Z cvIqv hvq |
21.2) Show:- Show A_© †`Lv | A_©vr Avwg †cRUv‡K wKfv‡e †`L‡ev, †mUv wVK Kivi Rb¨ GB Ackb¸†jv
eëüZ nq |
 Ruler:- cÖ_‡gB Av‡m iæjvi | hw` iæjvi Ack‡bi cv‡k wUK wPý †`B Zvn‡j WKz‡g‡›Ui Dc‡i I ev‡g
†¯‹‡ji gZ `vM Uvbv †`L‡Z cv‡ev| Avgiv hw` Ruler Gi Dci Mouse w`‡q Wvej wK¬K Kwi, Zvn‡j
Page Setup Ackb P‡j Avm‡e| ZvQvov WKz‡g‡›Ui †jLv wm‡j± K‡i hw` Ruler Gi g‡a¨ Aew¯’Z Tab
Ack‡b gvDm wb‡q wM‡q bvovPvov Kwi, Zvn‡j †jLv¸‡jv cÖ‡qvRb ‡gvZv‡eK miv‡Z cvi‡ev|
 Gridlines :- Avevi wMÖWjvB‡bi cv‡k wUK wPý w`‡j WKz‡g‡›Ui g‡a¨ wMÖWjvBb AckbwU P‡j Avm‡e |
hwÌ wcÖ›U Kivi ci wMÖWjvBb/iæjvi Avm‡e bv|
 Zoom- GLv‡b wK¬K Ki‡j WKz‡g‡›Ui †jLv¸‡jv †`Lvi Rb¨ KZUzKz eo / †QvU Ki‡ev Zv wm‡j± Kiv m¤¢e
n‡e | GLv‡b wK¬K Kivi ci wKQz Ackb Avm‡e |
• Page Width ( ïazgvÎ hZUzKz †cR Av‡Q, ZZUzKzi g‡a¨ †h †jLv Av‡Q Zv †`Lv‡e);
• Text Width (hZUzKz †jLv Av‡Q ZZUzKz †`Lv‡e );
• Whole Page (cz‡iv †cRwU †`Lv‡e )
• Many Page (hZ¸‡jv †cR Av‡Q me †cR¸‡jv GKmv‡_ †`Lv‡e)|
21.3) Window:- Window A_© Rvbvjv| Avgiv Rvbvjv w`‡q evB‡ii †Kvb wKQz †`wL, wVK †Zgwb gvB‡µvmdU
Iqv‡W©i Window †Z Avgiv WKz‡g›UUv †`Lv‡Z cv‡ev |
 New Window:- Avgiv Avgv‡ì WKz‡g›UUv bZzbfv‡e †`L‡Z PvB | hw` New Window †Z wK¬K Kwi
Zvn‡j Title Bar G j¶ Ki‡j †`Lv hv‡e bvg †PÄ n‡q hv‡e | A_©vr WKz‡g›U Uv bZzb fv‡e †`L‡Z cvi‡ev|
 Arrange AII- gvB‡µvmdU Iqv‡W© hZ¸‡jv WKz‡g›U Lz‡j †i‡LwQ, me¸j‡v WKz‡g›U GKmv‡_ †`Lv hv‡e |
Arrange All G wK¬K Ki‡jB me WKz‡g›U GK w¯Œb G P‡j Avm‡e |
 Spilt- GKUv WKz‡g›U‡K Avjv`vfv‡e wef³ K‡i †`L‡Z PvB‡j Spilt G wK¬K Ki†ev| WKz‡g‡›Ui ‡h As‡k wM†q
Spilt Ki‡ev, †m As‡k Kvm©i †i‡L Spilt G wK¬K Ki‡jB WKz‡g›UUv Spilt n‡q hv‡e |
79 | P a g e
 View Side by Side:- cÖv_wgK Ae¯’vq GB AckbUv Hidden _vK‡e | Avgiv hw` G‡Ki AwaK WKz‡g›U
Lzwj Zvn‡j GB AckbUv †`Lv hv‡e I eënvi Ki‡Z cvi†ev | G‡Ki AwaK WKz‡g›U Lz‡j View Side by
Side G wK¬K Ki‡jB WKz‡g›U¸j‡v cvkvcvwk †`L‡Z cvi‡ev| Avi hw` `zB‡qi AwaK WKz‡g›U _v‡K Zvn‡j
Avcbv‡K †`wL‡q w`‡Z n‡e †Kvb `zwU WKz‡g›U Avcwb cvkvcvwk †`L‡Z Pvb|
21.4) Macro :- GKB KvR evi evi Kivi nvZ †_‡K †invB cvIqvi GK `viæb Dcvq n‡”Q g¨v‡µv| K‡qKwU KgvÛ
Gi mgš^h‡q gvÎ GKwU KgvÛ ˆZix K‡i msi¶Y K‡i ivLvi KvRwU g¨v‡µv K‡i |WKz‡g‡›U hviv wbqwgZ evsjv
I Bs‡iRx d›U wb‡q KvR K‡ib , Zviv evi evi d›U cwieZ©‡bi Sv‡gjv m¤ú‡K© Rv‡bb | A_P GB mgm¨vwU
g¨v‡µv eënvi K‡i Lze mn‡RB K‡i †bIqv m¤¢e| Pjzb ïiæ Kiv hvK-
 Bangla Font Settings: -
– VIEW>Macros>Record macro †Z wK¬K Kiæb |
– Store Macro in Ack‡bi WÖc WvDb †gb¨z‡Z AII Documents (normal.dotm) wm‡j± Kiæb |
– GLb Keyboard evU‡b wK¬K Ki‡j Customize Keyboard WvqvjM e· Avm‡e |
– Press new Shortcut G †hUv kU©KvU Kx wnmv‡e eënvi Ki‡Z PvB †mUv wè | †hgb- Ctrl+M,N w`jvg |
A_©vr Ctrl Avi M GKmv‡_ wK¬K Ki‡Z n‡e | Gici N w`‡Z n‡e ( Z‡e wKQz wWdë Kx †hgb-
Ctrl+S,Ctrl+X,Ctrl+C BZ¨vw` Kx ev` w`‡q ‡cÖm Ki‡Z n‡e )|
– Gici Assign G wK¬K K‡i CLOSE evU‡b wK¬K Ki‡Z n‡e|
– Mouse c‡q›Uv‡iii mv‡_ Record wPý Avm‡e |
– Record WvqvjM e· wb‡q AvcvZZ †Kvb KvR Kivi ìKvi bvB| Mouse wK¬K †_‡K ïiæ K‡i hv wKQz
Ki†ev me wKQz †iKW© n‡e |
– Home>Font>Sutonnymj wm‡j± Ki‡ev|
– View>Macros>Stop Recording G wK¬K Ki‡ev | Gfv‡eB evsjv †mwUsm Ki‡ev |
 English Font Settings :- GLb Bs‡iRx wmwUsm Gi cvjv|
– c‚‡e©i b¨vq View>Macros>Record Macro †Z wK¬K Ki‡ev|
– Macro name Ack‡b English I Store macro in N‡i AII document wm‡j± Ki†ev|
– Keyboard evU‡b wK¬K K‡i Press New Shortcut G bZzb GKwU kU©KvU wè |
– Gici Assign evU‡b wK¬K K‡i Close Ki‡jB Mouse c‡q›Uv‡i Record wPý Avm‡e|
– Home>Font>Calibri/Times new Romans wm‡j± Ki†ev|
– View > Macros > Stop Recording wK¬K Ki‡ev |
 Macro Run :- Gevi g¨v‡µv ivb Ki‡ev|
– View > Macros > View Macros G wK¬K K‡i Bangla wm‡j± K‡i Run wK¬K Ki‡ev |
– GKB c×wZ‡Z English wm‡j± K‡i Run wK¬K Ki‡ev |
– Gfv‡e evsjv I Bs‡iRx d›U Kx‡evW© kU©KvU w`‡q wb‡q Avbv m¤¢e |
 g¨v‡µv †K Edit Kiv :-g¨v‡µv ˆZix Kivi ci Edit Ki‡Z wb‡Pi c×wZ AbzmiY Ki‡ev|
– View > Macros > View Macros G wK¬K Ki†ev |
– Macro WvqvjM e· †_‡K c‚‡e©i ˆZix Bangla bv‡gi Macro wU wK¬K K‡i wm‡j± Ki†ev|
– WvqvjM e· †_‡K Edit evU‡b wK¬K Ki‡ev|
– Gici With selection Font Ackb †_‡K cQ›`gZ Edit Kiv m¤¢e|
 Macro Delete :- g¨v‡µv‡K Delete Kiv
– View > Macros > Record Macro †Z wK¬K Kiæb I Record Macro WvqvjM e· Avm‡e |
– c‚‡e© ˆZix Kiv Macro †Z wK¬K Kiæb |
– Gici Delete evU‡b wK¬K K‡i Yes wm‡j± Ki†j Macro wU gz‡Q hv‡e |
80 | P a g e
Øvwesk Aa¨vq
CURRICULUM VITAE(CV)
22.1) BASIC CV
MD. JUBAER SAYED

Contact & Address:
Cell No :01741699440
E-Mail : hironmoy.sharma440@gmail.com
Address : House no. 69
Satgara, Shantidhara
Rangpur
Objective
Clothing designer with industry experience in women’s, men’s and childrenswear. Highly self-motivated and result driven. Take a keen
interest in current trends and have a passion for all things fashion and clothing related.
Fast and effective. I want to be a part of your success by offering high motivation, responsibility, quality work and keeping deadlines. I’m
working with following software: wilcon es 1.5, Melco design shop v9, Corel Draw x6, Adobe Photoshop CS5.1, Adobe Illustrator CS5. I’m
using high quality fonts for modern design.
Education
Exam : B.Sc. in Textile Engineering

Session : 2011-2012
Institution : The People’s University of Bangladesh, Dhaka.
Status : Fashion & Design
Exam : National Skill Standard Basic (Graphic Design)

Session : 2011
Board : Bangladesh Technical Education Board, Dhaka
Result : A+
Exam : Diploma in Textile Engineering

Board : Dhaka
Session : 2008-2009
Institute : Pabna Textile Engineering College
Result : A
Exam : SSC
Board : Dinajpur
Session : 2009
Institution : Police lines school & Collage Rangpur.
Result : A+
Computer Skill
#Design Application (Wilcon es 1.5 Melco design shop v9, Corel Draw x6, Adobe Photoshop CS5, Adobe Illustrator CS5,
AutocadCAD)
# Experienced in windows 98, Windows XP, Windows 7, Windows 8 OS environment.
#Office Applications (MS Word, MS Excel, MS Access, MS PowerPoint, MS Outlook).
#Internet: Blogging, Website Making, SEO, SMM, Browsing & E-Mail literacy.
#Hardware & Software Troubleshooting.
-Trained by Path Finder Computer Training Institute, Pabna.
Language Proficiency
Good command over English & colloquial Bengali.
81 | P a g e
22.2) ADVANCE CV
Resume of
xxxxxxxxxxxxxx
Phone no- 017……….
Mailing Address:
Village: Post:
P.S: District:
E-mail:
Cell:
Career Objective:
To prove myself as a quick learner and highly energetic person to face any challenge and to build up my
career in a service oriented organization where the contribution will be acknowledged, if I would be
given an opportunity.
Educational Qualification:
Name of Degree : Degree (Pass Course)
Institute : Govt. Azizul Haque College
Board : National University
Group : B.A
Year of Passing : 2000
Result (GPA) :
Name of Degree : Higher Secondary Certificate

Institute : Mortuzapur College
Board : Rajshahi
Group : Humanities
Result (GPA) :
Name of Degree : Secondary School Certificate

Institute : Banaich Momin High School
Board : Rajshahi
Group : Science
Result (GPA) :
Key Strength:
 Good at people management, good listener

 High interpersonal and communication skills
 Can handle stress and work under difficult condition
 Demonstrated reporting and analytical skills Ability to plan priorities and completes work to dead
lines
 High degree of commitment
 Good responsibility.
82 | P a g e
Personal Details:
Father's Name : xxxxxxxxxxx
Mother's Name : xxxxxxxxxxxx
Date of Birth : 00-00-0000
Gender :
Marital Status :
Nationality :
Religion :
Permanent Address:
Village :
Post :
P. S. :
District :
Language Proficiency:
Bangla, English and Hindi.
Computer Literacy:
Good operating skill of computer. MS office, Graphics design, Internet.
Computer Training:
Database Programming, Hardware and Networking, Graphics Design.
Other Training:
Mobile Phone Servicing
Hobby:
Indoor Sports, watching TV.
................................................................
xxxxxxxxxxxxxxx
Date: 01-06-2018
83 | P a g e
Î‡qvwesk Aa¨vq
gvB‡µvmdU cvIqvi c‡q›U ZvwË¡K Ask
01| Ms PowerPoint †Kvb ai‡bi mdUIq¨vi? DËit GKwU †cÖ‡R‡›Ukb †cÖvMÖvg

02| slide animation cÖ`k©b Kivi KgvÛ Kx ? DËit shift+F5.
03| Slide design Kx ? DËit MS powerpoint GK
ai‡bi ¯øvvBW bKkv
04| bZzb †cÖ‡R‡›Ukb ˆZwi Kivi Rb¨ …. Ackb eëüZ nq ? DËit New Slide
05|Slide sorter wK I †Kb e¨veüZ nq ?
DËit Slide sorter e¨venvi Kiv nq GKvwaK Qwe ev wPÎ _vK‡j †m¸‡jv‡K A‡Uv‡gwUKfv‡e G‡Ki ci GK cÖ`k©‡bi
Rb¨ |
06|Animation Kx ? DËit †Kvb w¯’i Qwe ev wPÎ‡K mPj Kivi c×wZ
07|¯øvBW †kv ............mdUIq¨v‡ii GKwU KgvÛ | DËit Gg Gm cvIqvi c‡q›U
08|cvIqvi-c‡q›U dvBj‡K ejv nq- DËit ‡cÖ‡Rb‡Ukb
09| cvIqvi c‡q›U †Kvb ai‡bi c¨v‡KR †cÖvMÖvg? DËit - gvwëwgwWqv
10|Gwb‡gkb k‡ãi A_© wK? EËit- RxešÍ Kiv|
11| bZzb ¯øvBW wb‡q Avmvi kU©KvU KgvÛ wK? EËit- Ctrl+M
15|cvIqvi c‡q‡›U Z_¨ msiÿY Kivi ci †Kvb dvBj
G·‡Ubkb¸‡jv cvIqv hvq ? EËit- .PPT, .pptx |
16| Speaker note wK?
EËit- †cÖ‡R‡›Ukb Pjvi mgq cÖwZwU ¯øvBW m¤ú‡K© cÖ`k©bKvix wewfbœ ai‡bi Z_¨ `k©K‡Ì eY©bv w`‡q _v‡K| GRb¨
cÖwZwU ¯øvBW m¤^‡Ü AwZwi³ Z_¨ wcÖ›U K‡i wb‡Ri Kv‡Q ivL‡Z cv‡i| G‡K Speaker note e‡j|
17| cvIqvi c‡q‡›U KZwU †gby Av‡Q?
EËit- 10wU(Microsoft powerpoint 10)|
07wU (Microsoft powerpoint 07)|
12wU (Microsoft powerpoint 16)|
18| GKmv‡_ GKvwaK ¯øvBW †`Lvi KgvÛ n‡jv--- EËit- View |
19| †cÖ‡R‡›Uk‡bi welqe¯‘ m¤ú‡K© aviYv †Ìqvi Rb¨
wcÖ›U Kiv KvMR †Ìqv nq, Zv‡K ÑÑÑÑÑÑÑ e‡j| EËit- Handouts |
20| wWRvBb †Ug‡cø‡Ui mvnv‡h¨ bZzb †cÖ‡R‡›Ukb ˆZixi myweav wjL?
EËit-¯øvBW Gwb‡gkb Kiv, ¯øvBW wWRvBb Kiv Ges e¨vKMÖvDÛ ˆZix Ki‡Z eëüZ nq |
21|Slide Transition wK?
EËit-¯øvB‡Wi g‡a¨ UªvbwRkb B‡d± †hvM Kivi Rb¨ Slide Transition U¨vewU wm‡j± Ki‡Z nq|
1 22| MÖvd wK?
2 DËi :- MvwYwZK Z_¨ mg~n‡K wPÎgq Dc¯’vcb‡K MÖvd ev PvU© e‡j
23| Slide Object Kv‡K e‡j?
DËi :- ¯øvBW Gi cÖwZwU Ask‡K Slide Object e‡j|
24| Organization Chart wKfv‡e AvuK‡Z nq?
DËi :- Insert >Picture >From Organization Chart
84 | P a g e
PZz©wesk Aa¨vq
gvB‡µvmdU G‡·m ZvwË¡K Ask
01| WvUv‡e‡mi wewfbœ Dcv`vb¸‡jvi Kx Kx ? DËi : OLE .

DËi : (K) WvUv (L) †iKW© (M) wdì (N) Kz‡qwi | 14| Visual Basic Kx ?
02| g¨v‡µv n‡jv WvUv‡e‡mi GKwU kw³kvjx ........... DËi : GKwU WvUv‡em †cÖvMÖvg |
DËi : Dcv`vb | 15| Relationship Kx ?
03| iwn‡gi Rb¥ ZvwiL 24‡k A‡±vei , 2001 †iKW© DËi : wi‡jkbwkc n‡jv GKvwaK †Uwej Gi gv‡S
mwbœ‡ek‡bi Rb¨ wd‡ìi aib n‡e - m¤úK© m…wó Kivi GKwU c×wZ|
DËi : Number Type . 16| SQL Gi c‚Y©iæc Kx ? GwU wK Kv‡R jv‡M?
04| MS- Access G Kz‡qwi (Query) †Kb eëüZ DËi : Structured Query language . GwU Øviv
nq ? bZzb †WUv‡em ˆZix, †Uwej ˆZix, Kz‡qix BZ¨vw` Kiv
DËi : Query k‡ãi AvwfavwbK A_© ÔLzuRvÕ †WUv‡e‡Ri hvq|
GK ev GKvwaK †Uwe‡j msiw¶Z e¨vcK Z_¨ fvÛvi 17| wi‡jkbwkc n‡jv GKvwaK ………… Gi gv‡S
†_‡K †Kvb we‡kl ai‡Yi Z_¨/‡iKW©/ †iKW©mg‚n `ªæZ I m¤úK© m…wó Kivi GKwU c×wZ |
mn‡R Lzu‡R †ei Kivi Rb¨ Kz‡qwi eëüZ nq| DËi : Table .
05| MS-Access Gi †¶‡Î Relation n‡”Q - 18| WvUv Zjøvwk Kivi Rb¨ ………….. eënvi Kiv
DËi : Table . nq?
06| DBMS Gi c‚Y©iæc Kx ? DËi : Kz‡qwi |
DËi : Data Base Management system . 19| †Uwe‡ji mvnv‡h¨ cÖKvwkZ WvUv‡e‡Ri GK ev
07| PviwU WvUv‡em mdUIqv‡ii bvg †jL ? GKvwaK mvwi‡K ejv nq ……….?
DËi : (K) MS Access (L) SQL (M) ORACLE DËi : †iKW© / Record .
(N) PHP | 20| A‡_©i cwigvY Gw›Uª Kivi Rb¨ ………….. WvUv
08| Oracle Kx ai‡bi †cÖvMÖvg ? UvBc eënvi Kiv nq ?
DËi : Oracle n‡”Q me©‡kó, D”P wbivcËv wewkó GK DËi : Currency .
ai‡bi WvUv‡em †cÖvMÖvg | 21| Relationship n‡jv . . . . . . . . cÖKvi ?
09| WvUv‡em ej‡Z wK ezSvq ? DËi : 4 cÖKvi |
DËi : Data Base k‡ãi A_© ÔWvUv mgv‡ekÕ ev 22| Duplication data Gov‡bvi Rb¨ ………………
Z‡_ï fvÛvi | mzZivs, WvUv‡em n‡”Q m¤úK©hz³ Z_¨ Key eënvi Kiv nq |
ev Dcv‡Ëi mgwó | DËi : Primary .
10| Modules Kx ? 23| WvUv‡e‡Ri g‚j wfwË n‡jv ………… ?
DËi : ¶z`Ö ¶z`Ö †cÖvMÖvg | DËi : Table .
11| RDBMS – Gi c‚Yiæc Kx ? 24| Visual Basic GKwU …………. mdUIq¨vi ?
DËi : Relational Data Base Management DËi : WvUv‡eR |
System . 25| Query ej‡Z Kx †evSvq ?
12| Yes/No wd‡ì Kx ai‡bi WvUv UvBc msiw¶Z DËi : Data table †_‡K cÖ‡qvRbxq Z_¨ Lz‡R †ei
_v‡K ? Kiv
DËi : n¨v / bv †evaK | 26| Between bx‡Pi †Kvb Kv‡Ri Rb¨ eëüZ nq ?
13| MS Access G Qwe hz³ Ki‡Z †Kvb WvUv UvBc DËi : Range .
eënvi Kiv nq ? 27| WvUv‡eR wi‡jkb¸‡jv n‡jv –
85 | P a g e
DËi : (K) One to One,(L) One to Many, 39| Find all information of the students
(M) Many to Many whose age are above 20 years.mwVK Query
28| File I Record Gi gv‡S GKwU cv_©K¨ †jL| ‡KvbwU ?
DËi : WvUv †Uwe‡ji wdìmg‚‡ni Aax‡b †hme Z_¨vejx DËi : Select*form student_info where
mvwi ev mvwimg‚n Gw›UÖ Kiv nq , †mmKj mvwii cÖwZwU age>20
Z_¨vewjB nj †iKW©| Aciw`‡K dvBj n‡”Q GK ev 40| gvB‡µvmdU G‡·m G Kz‡qix dvBj ˆZix Kiv nq
GKvwaK †Uwej ev Z‡_ï Avuavi| wK‡mi Dci?
29| Primary Key Kx ? DËi : †Uwe‡ji Dci|
DËi : Primary Key Ggb GKwU Key, hv GKK fv‡e 41| Rb¥ ZvwiL n‡jv-----
mbv³ n‡e|‡Kv‡bv †Uwej Gi †Kv‡bv Field G DËi : wdì|
Primary key set Ki‡j Data entry Gi mgq †Kvb 42| WvUv‡em †Uwe‡j cÖvBgvix Kx wba©viY Kiv nq --
wdì dvKv †i‡L Ab¨ wd‡ì hvIqv hv‡e bv Ges Field DËi : wi‡jkb ˆZixi Rb¨|
G Wvej †Kvb wKQz †jLv hv‡e bv| 43| ‡Kvb WvUv UvBc Gi mvnv‡h¨ DB‡ÛvR Gi Ab¨vb¨
30| Record n‡jv KZ¸‡jv ..............Gi mgwó| †cÖvMÖvg †_‡K WvUv (Qwe, kã,MÖvd BZ¨vw`) G‡b wdì G
DËi : wdì ivLv hvq?
31| `zwU Database Software Gi bvg †jL| DËi : Ole.
DËi : gvB‡µvmdU A¨v‡·m , dµ‡cÖv 44| WvUv‡em G †Kvb wKQz wcÖ›U Kivi Rb¨ wK eënvi
Kiv nq?
32| MS Access G...........ai‡bi WvUv UvBc cvIqv
DËi : wi‡cvU©|
hvq |
DËi : `k 45| KZ¸‡jv Interconnected field wg‡j wK ˆZix
nq?
33| MS Access †cÖvMÖv‡g †h †Kvb Pvi cÖKv‡ii WvUv
DËi : †iKW© ˆZix nq|
UvB‡ci bvg †jL |
46| gvB‡µvmdU G‡·m G †gbyev‡ii msL¨v KZwU?
DËi : evBbvix,weU,KvD›Uvi,Kv‡iwÝ
DËi : 7wU|
34| d‡ib ÕKxÕ ej‡Z Kx †evSvq ?
47| ÑÑÑÑÑÑ n‡jv WvUv‡e‡mi kw³mvjx Dcv`vb|
DËi : GKwU †Uwe‡ji cÖvBgvix Kx hLb Ab¨ †Uwe‡ji
DËi : g¨v‡µv|
†Kvb kez Gi mv‡_ wi‡jkb ˆZix K‡i ZLb Ab¨ †Uwej
48| Yes/No †Kvb ai‡bi Z_¨?
Gi Key †K d‡ib ÕKxÕ e‡j|
DËi : hyw³ wbf©i Z_¨|
35| WvUv‡e‡mi ¶z`ÖZg Ask‡K Kx ejv nq ?
49| ¯‹x‡b WvUv cÖ`k©b‡K wbqš¿Y Kivi Rb¨ ÑÑÑÑÑÑ
DËi : Field
eëüZ nq|
36| gvB‡µvmdU G‡·m Gi dvBj G·‡Ubkb Kx?
DËi :dg©|
DËi : .Mdb, .accdb 50|gvB‡µvmdU G‡·m G Kz‡qix KZ cÖKvi?
37| Ole wK? DËi : cuvP cÖKvi|
DËi : Object linking and Embeding.
38| WvUv‡em Gi mePvB‡Z ¸iæZ¡c~Y© I dvÛv‡g›Uvj
Ae‡R± ------------
DËi : †Uwej|
86 | P a g e
cÂwesk Aa¨vq
B›Uvi‡b‡Ui ZvwË¡K Ask
01| E-Mail wK? DËi : userid@domain name
DËi : Electronic Mail. GwU B›Uvi‡b‡Ui GKwU 12| B‡gBj wVKvbvq @ Gi Av‡M Kx _v‡K ?
we‡kl kvLv | hvi Øviv eënviKvixiv B›Uvi‡b‡Ui DËi : eënviKvixi bvg
mvnv‡h¨ Kw¤úDUvi ev Ab¨ †Kvb wWfvB‡mi gva¨‡g 13| B‡gBj (E-mail) A¨v‡WÖ‡mi wewfbœ Ask¸‡jv
c„w_exi †h †Kvb cÖv‡šÍ Aew¯’Z B-‡gBj G‡Wªmavix Øviv wPwýZ Ki|
†h †Kvb eënviKvixi Kv‡Q Z_¨ †cÖiY ev MÖnY Ki‡Z DËi : B-‡gBj A¨v‡WÖm GKwU BDwbK A¨v‡WÖm| A_©¨vr
cv‡i| GK bv‡g ïaz GKwU gvÎ B-‡gBj A¨v‡WÖm nq Ges &GUv
02| AbjvBb ms‡hvM ej‡Z wK ezSvq ? Bs‡iRx †QvU nv‡Zi A¶‡i wjL‡Z nq| B‡gBj
DËi : B›Uvi‡b‡Ui mv‡_ mve©¶wYK mshz³ _vKvi A¨v‡WÖ‡mi mvaviY MVb n‡jvt userid@<Domain
welq‡K ezSvq | name>
03| ‡Kvb mv‡j B›Uvi‡bU Kvh©µg ïiæ nq 14| B›Uvi‡bU Connectivity Gi bvg †KvbwU ?
DËi : 1990 DËi : Dial up, Broad Band, Wireless.
04| B-‡gBj Gi †¶‡Î CC I BCC Kx ? 15| MAN Gi c~Y©iæc wK?
DËi : CC Gi c‚b©iæc n‡jv Kve©b Kwc Ges BCC Gi DËi : Metropoliton Area Network.
c‚Y©iæc eøvBÛ Kve©b Kwc | CC Gi gva¨‡g †Kvb †gBj 16|B›Uvi‡bU eënv‡i eZ©gv‡b kxl© †`k-
†cÖib Ki‡j †mLv‡b †mÛv‡ii B‡gBj A¨v‡WÖm †mv DËit Pxb|
Ki‡e| wKš‘ BCC G gva¨‡g †Kvb B‡gBj †cÖiY Ki‡j
17| KZ mv‡j cÖ_g Kw¤úDUvi †bUIqvK© Pvjz nq?
†mLv‡b †cÖi‡Ki A¨v‡WÖm †mv Ki‡e bv |
DËit -1979 mv‡j|
05| `zwU RbwcÖq Search engine Gi bvg †jL -
DËi : Google, Yahoo 18| P¨vU (Chat) A_© wK?
06| Home Page Kx ? DËit -‡Lvk Mí Kiv|
DËi : GKwU I‡qe †cB‡Ri cÖv_wgK ev cÖavb †cR 19| I‡qe A_© wK?
n‡”Q †nvg †cBR| I‡qe †cB‡Ri me ai‡bi msw¶ß DËit Rvj|
weeiY _v‡K GB †nvg †cB‡R| 20| AmsL¨ Kw¤úDUv‡ii mgš^‡q MwVZ wek¦e¨vcx
07| B-‡gBj A¨vKvD›U eÜ Kivi Rb¨ ...........evU‡b Kw¤úDUvi †bUIqvK© †K wK ejv nq?
wK¬K Ki‡Z nq|
DËit B›Uvi‡bU
DËi : Sign Out
21| B›Uvi‡b‡Ui GKvD›U MÖnY Kvix‡ì wK e‡j?
08| Internet Gi A_©.....|
DËi : we¯ÍZ … Rvj EËit ‡bwU†Rb
09| Yahoo messenger Gi KvR Kx ? 22| B›Uvi‡b‡Ui D™¢e nq †Kvb †`‡k?
DËi : Chatting Kiv, Text,audio,Video BZ¨vw` EËit hz³iv‡óÖ
†g‡mR cvVv‡bv| 23| eZ©gvb †hvMv‡hv‡Mi me‡P‡q mnR gva¨g †KvbwU?
10| we‡k¦i eo eo MYMÖš’vMvi wek¦we`¨vjq I M‡elYv EËit B›Uvi‡bU
cÖwZôv‡bi mv‡_ Z_¨ Av`vb cÖ`v‡bi Rb¨ †Kvb c×wZ 24| Twitter Kx?
eëüZ nq?
EËit mvgvwRK †bUIqvwK©s mvBU
DËi : B›Uvi‡bU
11| GKwU B‡gBj A¨v‡WÖ‡mi cÖavb `zwU As‡ki bvg
†jL|
87 | P a g e
25|2010 mv‡ji fviZ cÖ_g ev‡ii gZ wK bv‡g wbR¯^ 39| ‡KD hw` Ac‡ii I‡qemvB‡U Xz‡K ZviI‡qemvBU
I‡qe eÖvDRvi Pvjz K‡i? G‡jv-‡g‡jv K‡i †d‡j Zv‡K Kx ejv nq?
EËit Epic. EËit eøvK n¨vU n¨vKvi|
26| ‡dmez‡K g‡bi fve cÖKvk †K Kx e‡j? 40| A‡bï I‡qe mvB‡Ui †Mvcb As‡k A‰ea fv‡e
EËit ÷¨vUvm Xz‡K cov‡K Kx ejv nq?
27| ‡dmez‡Ki ÷¨vUvm †K UzBUv‡i Kx ezSv‡bv nq? EËit n¨vwKs
EËit UzBU 41| †bUIqvwK©s Gi mzweav Kx?
28| ‡Kvb mvgvwRK †hvMv‡hvM mvBUwU me‡P‡q †ewk EËit GKmv‡_ A‡bK †jvK eënvi Ki‡Z cv‡i|
RbwcÖq? 42| B›Uvi‡b‡Ui RbK †K?
EËit ‡dmezK EËit W.wfbUbwR. Kvd©|
29| Rzb 2012 ch©šÍ c…w_ex‡Z Facebook eënvi 43| evsjv‡`‡ki cÖ_g mvP© BwÄb †KvbwU?
Kvix‡ì msL¨v KZ? EËit wccxwjKv|
44| B-Kgvm© wK?
EËit 90‡KvwU|
EËit GKwU AvaywbK eëmv c×wZ| AvaywbK †WUv
30| ¸M‡ji Qwe Upload Kivi mvB‡Ui bvg wK? cÖ‡mwms I B›Uvi‡b‡Ui gva¨‡g e¨w³ ev cÖwZôv‡bi g‡a¨
EËit Picasa cY¨ ev †mev gv‡K©wUs, weµq,‡Wwjfvix, eëmv msµvšÍ
31| 1983 mv‡j hz³iv‡óÖi cÖwZi¶vi evwnbxi †jb‡`b BZ¨vw` KivB n‡”Q B-Kgvm©|
I‡qemvB‡U Xz‡K cov n¨vKv‡ii eqm KZ wQj? 45| c~Y©iæc wjL- TCP/IP, VOIP,
EËit 19eQi| NIC,NASA,HTML.
32| we‡k¦i e…nËg gz³ Ávb fvÛvi †KvbwU? EËitTCP/IP=Transmission Control Protocol/
EËit DBwKwcwWqv InternetProtocol.
VOIP= Voice Over Internet Protocol.
33| ‡KD hw` Ac‡ii I‡qemvB‡U Xz‡K †Kvb wKQz ¶wZ
NIC=Network Interface Card
bv K‡i wd‡i Av‡m Zv‡K Kx ejv nq? NASA= National Aeronautics and
EËit ‡nvqvBU n¨vU n¨vKvi| Space Administration.
HTML= Hypertext Markup Language.
34| nvBcviwjsK ej‡Z wK †evS? 46| ivDUvi wK?
EËit GKwU I‡qe †c‡Ri mv‡_ Ab¨ GKwU I‡qe EËit nvW©Iq¨vi wWfvBm|
†c‡Ri ms‡hvM ¯’vcY Kiv‡K nvBcviwjsK e‡j| 47| KvwiMwi †ev‡W©i I‡qemvBU wK?
35| Front Page wK‡mi Rb¨ eëüZ nq? EËit www.bteb.gov.bd
EËit I‡qe †c‡Ri Rb¨| 48| g‡W‡gi g‡a¨ wK _v‡K?
36| K‡qKwU I‡qe eªvDRv‡ii bvg wjL | EËit GKwU gWz‡jUi I GKwU wWgWz‡jUi|
EËit Google Chrome, Mozila Firefox, 49| GKwU eo †g‡UªvcwjUb kn‡Ii wewfbœ As‡k
Internet Explorer etc. Aew¯’Z Kw¤úDUvimg~‡ni ci¯ú‡ii g‡a¨ mr¤ú„³ Kivi
37| B-‡gB‡j bZzb GKvD›U †Lvjvi Rb¨ wK eëüZ c×wZ‡K ÑÑÑÑÑÑÑ e‡j |
nq? EËit MAN .
EËit Sign up. 50| †bUIqvK© wK?
38| Internet Connection Gi Rb¨ wK cÖ‡qvRb? EËit AvšÍms‡hvM wewkó `yB ev Z‡ZvwaK Kw¤úDUv‡ii
EËit LAN Card, Cable, Connector. mv‡_ wfbœ wfbœ †bUIqv‡K© mshy³ Kw¤úDUv‡ii †hvMv‡hvM
eë¯’v‡K †bUIqvK© e‡j|
88 | P a g e
evsjv‡`k KvwiMwi wk¶v †evW©, XvKv †ewmK †UÖW 360 N›Uv ( 6 gvm I 3 gvm) †gqvw` cix¶v-2020 Rvbzqvix-Rzb,
GwcÖj-Rzb I RzjvB †m‡Þ¤î 2020 †mkb welq :- Kw¤úDUvi Awdm A¨vwcø‡Kkb ( welq †KvW :- 76)
**AwZ ms‡¶‡c DËi `vI**
1| `zwU Acv‡iwUs wm‡÷‡gi bvg †jL ? 31| †cb WÖvBf‡K Flash †g‡gvwiI ejv nq|
2| 1 †UivevBU mgvb KZ wMMvevBU ? 32| Cut Kivi Kx‡evW© KgvÛ n‡jv Ctrl+X|
3| slide animation cÖ`k©b Kivi KgvÛ Kx ? 33| B-‡gBj BCC n‡jv Blind Carbon Copy
4| www Gi c‚Y©iƒc Kx ? 34| A-Z ch©šÍ Key †K Numeric key e‡j|
5| `zwU Application software Gi bvg †jL ? 35| ROM n‡jv Kw¤úDUv‡ii ¯’vqx †g‡gvwi|
6| Antivirus software Gi bvg †jL ? 36| Worksheet n‡jv Workbook Gi
7| Mail merge ej‡Z Kx †evSvq ? Askwe‡kl|
8| BIOS Gi c‚YiÖc z Kx ? 37| Keyboard G †gvU 2 wU B›Uvi Kx _vK|
9| Ms PowerPoint †Kvb ai‡bi Software ? 38| Motherboard Kw¤úDUv‡ii CPU-Gi Ask|
10| Spreadsheet ej‡Z Kx †evSvq ? mwVK DËiwU †jL:
11| Legal mvBR KvM‡Ri ˆ`N¨© I cÖ¯’ KZ ? 39| Copy -Gi Kx‡evW© KgvÛ n‡jv-
12| DVD Gi c‚Y©iæc Kx ? 40| †KvbwU Word processing program ?
13| CPU Kx ? 41| †KvbwU evsjv d‡›Ui bvg ?
**mwVK kã w`‡q k‚b¨¯’vb c‚iY Ki** 42| wnDg¨vbIq¨vi †KvbwU ?
14| OCR n‡”Q GKwU ………………. wWfvBR| 43| Open Kiv File eÜ Kivi Keyboard KgvÛ
15| Kx‡ev‡W© †gvU ………………wU dvskb Kx _v‡K| †KvbwU ?
16| Data sorting KZ cÖKvi| 44| †KvbwU Financial dvskb ?
17| RAM Gi c‚YiÖzc n‡jv------| 45| bx‡Pi †KvbwU mnvqK †g‡gvwi ?
18| Undo Kivi Kx‡evW© KgvÛ n‡jv--------| 46| Database table – G GKwU Field-Gi bvg
19| ……………. †K AvazwbK Kw¤úDUv‡ii RbK ejv †jL‡Z m‡e©v”P KqwU Character eëüZ nq ?
nq| 47| WvUv‡fR dvB‡ji Extension †KvbwU ?
20| E-mail I Calc n‡jv …………. md&UIq¨vi| 48| bx‡Pi †KvbwU mvP© BwÄb md&UIq¨vi ?
21| E-mail Gi c‚Y©iæc n‡jv …………..| 49| evBbvwi msL¨v †KvbwU ?
22| WKz‡g›U wcÖ›U Kivi Kx‡evW© KgvÛ 50| Basic animation principle KqwU ?
n‡jv……………… 51. How old are you ?
23| MS-Excel 2007 G †gvU Column 52. What is your profession ?
…………….. wU| 53. What is the name of your institute ?
24| Recycle Bin †dvìv‡i …………….dvBj Rgv 54| Avwg GKRb `¶ †UKwbwkqvb n‡Z PvB ?
_v‡K| 55| †m KvwiMwi cÖwk¶b wb‡e |
25| Scanner Gi cÖKvi………….wWfvBR| 56| AKz‡ckbvj †mdwU GÛ †nj_ Kx ?
57| †m we‡`‡k †h‡Z Pvq|
26| LED-Gi c‚Y©iæc n‡jv………………..|
**evK¨wU mZ¨ n‡j ÔmÕ Ges wg_¨v n‡j ÔwgÕ wjL** 58. There is a no smoking sign ………. the
27| Bit Defender GKwU fvBiv‡mi bvg| wall.
28| Folder-G File I Folder DfqB _vK‡Z cv‡i| 59. Did you ……….home yesterday ?
29| Hard Disk (HD) GKwU Output Device. 60. Hammer is made ………..iron
30| Linux GKcÖKvi Package software
89 | P a g e
‡ewmK †UÖW 360 N›Uv , Rvbzqvix-Rzb 2019 †mkb, Kw¤úDUvi Awdm A¨vwcø‡Kkb (76) .
AwZ ms‡¶‡c DËi `vI : (M) †U·UwfwËK †cÖvMÖvg fvlv (N) wgwWqvi bvg
1. cÖ_g B‡jKUÖwbK Kw¤úDU‡v‡ii bvg Kx ? 40. wewmwW (BCD) †KvW – G c~Y©iæc-
2. dvg©Iq¨vi Kx ? (K) Binary Coded Decimal Decimal
3. wWwRUvj Kw¤úDUv‡ii g‚j wfwË Kx ? (L) Banary Coded Data
4. AvB.wc.Gm (IPS) wK ? (M) Bangladesh Coded data
5. dg©zjv Kx ? (N) Binary Computer data
6. WvUv‡e‡mi wewfbœ Dcv`vb¸‡jvi Kx Kx ? 41. Log(1000)r Gi gvb n‡e –
7. wimvB‡Kj web (Recycle Bin) wK ? (K) 10 (L) 100 (M) 3 (N) 1
8. †dvìvi ˆZwi Kiv nq wKfv‡e ? 42. iwn‡gi Rb¥ZvwiL 24‡k A‡±vei , 2001 †iKW© mwbœ‡ek‡bi
9. Slide design Kx ? Rb¨ wd‡ìi aib n‡e-
10. AbjvBb ms‡hvM ej‡Z wK ezSvq ? (K) Text Type (L) Number Type
11. MS Access – G Kz‡qwi (Query) †Kb eëüZ nq ? (M) Data Type (N) OLE Type
12. `zwU Spreadsheet Software – Gi bvg †jL ? 43. †Kvb mv‡j B›Uvi‡bU Kvh©µg ïiæ nq
13. Marge Cell – Gi KvR wK ? (K) 1994 (L) 1990 (M) 1987 (N) 1995
mwVK kã w`‡q k‚b¨¯’vb c‚iY Kit 44. IqvW© cÖ‡mwms mcUIq¨v‡i U¨ve ÔKxÕ GKevi Pvc‡j KZUzKz
14. Kw¤úDUvi msMV‡bi cÖavb Ask ……… wU ? RvqMv m‡i ?
15. gvwëwgwWqv k‡ãi A_© ………. ? (K) GK BwÂ (L) Avav BwÂ (M) †ì BwÂ (N) `z BwÂ
16. DB‡ÛvR ¯Œxb ………… Kiv hvq ? | 45. evsjv hy³v¶i UvBc Kivi Rb¨ †Kvb Bs‡iRx †evZvg wj¼
17. †Kvb †Kvb gvD‡mi gvSLv‡bI ……… evUb _v‡K| wnmv‡e eëüZ nq|
18. VIRUS k‡ãi c~Yi© æc ? (K) F (L) G (M) H (N) E
19. B›Uvib¨vkbvj †bUIqv‡K© Gi msw¶ß iƒc n‡jv …………. ? 46. GKwU IqvW©ey‡K mvaviY KqwU IqvK©wkU _v‡K ?
(K) 1 wU (L) 3 wU (M) 4 wU (N) 5 wU
20. bZzb †cÖ‡R‡›Ukb ˆZwi Kivi Rb¨ …… Ackb eëüZ nq ?
47. Replace Kx‡evW© … KgvÛ †KvbwU ?
21. g¨v‡µv n‡jv WvUv‡e‡mi GKwU kw³kvjx ……?
(K)Alt + F (L)Ctrl + H (M)Alt + G(N)Ctrl + R
22.PenDrive mshz³ Kivi Rb¨ … port eëüZ nq|
48.MS-Word Gi †Kvb †gbÿ‡Z †gBj gvR© KgvÛ _‡K ?
23. Caps Lock on _vK‡j †jLv … Case Gi nq ?
(K) File (L) Edit (M) Tools (N) View
24. †ggwii GKK n‡”Q ………?
49. MS-Access Gi †¶‡Î Relition n‡”Q –
25. Goal Seek AckbwU ……… Manu Gi Aax‡b|
(K) Record (L) Table
.26. Accounting Kv‡R g‚jZ …c¨v‡KR eëüZ nq |
evK¨wU mZ¨ n‡j ÔmÕ Ges wg_¨v n‡j ÔwgÕ †jLt (M) Data (N) Information
2 2 2
27. DB‡ÛvR Pvjz Kivi Rb¨ Tash Bar- G wK¬K Ki‡Z nq | 50. 2H o= H + O m~Î †jLvi Rb¨ eëüZ nq –
28. G‡·‡ji IqvK©wkU n‡jv ÔKjvgÕ I Ô‡ivÕ – Gi mgš^‡q MwVZ (K) Format > Font > Superscipt
wkU | (L) Format > Font > Shadow
29.¯øvBW†kv Gi Rb¨ Shift+F6 dvskb Kx Pvc‡Z nq| (M) Format > Font > Engrave
30.B›Uvi‡bU ms‡hvM wb‡Z n‡j wcÖ›Uvi GKvšÍ cÖ‡qvRb| (N) Format > Font > Subscript
31. AKUvj c×wZi wfwË n‡”Q n‡”Q 10 | **Answer the following question in English**
32.1971 mv‡j me©c_Ö g Av‡gwiKvi B‡›Uj †Kv¤úvwbi 51. What is your Citizenship ?
gvB‡µvcÖ‡m‡mi ˆZwi K‡i | 52.What is your 21st February memorable?
33. Linux GKwU Application Software . Translate into English:
34. ¯‹¨vbvi GK ai‡bi BbczU wWfvBm | 52. Avgvi evev GKRb miKvwi PvKywiRxwe |
35. cøUvi GK ai‡bi wc›Uvi | 53. ivRy ‰`wbK msev`cÎ co‡Q|
36. Report – Gi KvR n‡jv File †K cÖ`kb Kiv | 54. Zywg wK fvZ †L‡qQ ?
37. MS- Word G evbvb ï× Kivi Rb¨ Spelling Chacker 55. m`v mZ¨ K_v ej‡e |
eëüZ nq | 56. Avwg GKmßvn hver R¡‡i fyMwQ |
38. Copy Kivi Kx‡evW© KgvÛ n‡”Q Ctrl+x . Choose and fill in the gaps with the correct word/words in
**mwVK DËi wjLt (MCQ)** brackets:
58. Two and two ……. four.
39. HTML GKwU – 59. My Mother ………..home yesterday..
(K) B›Uvi‡bU cÖ‡UvKj (L) U‡cvjwR 60. Look ………. the moon .
90 | P a g e
‡ewmK †U«W 360 N›Uv ( wZb gvm ) †gqv`x, Kw¤úDUvi Awdm Gwcø‡Kkb (Rvbyqvwi-gvP©) cix¶v-2017
**AwZ ms‡¶‡c DËi `vI** (N) †jvnvi ‰Zwi MYbvKvix hš¿
1| dvBj †mf Ki‡j Kx N‡U? 40| KZ weU mgvb GK evBU?
2| Computer Virus- Gi KvR Kx? (K) 8 weU mgvb 1 evBU (L) 16 weU mgvb 1 evBU
3| Work book I Work sheet Kx? (M) 32 weU mgvb 1 evBU (N) 64 weU mgvb 1 evBU
4| `ywU †¯ú«W (Spread) wkU md&UIq¨v‡ii bvg †jL| 41| A4 mvBR KvM‡Ri cwigvc †KvbwU?
5| Database application Kx? (K)8.26 BwÂx11.69 BwÂ (L)8.37 BwÂx12.69 BwÂ
6| File I †iK‡W©i gv‡S cv_©K¨ Kx? (M)8.29 BwÂx10.69 BwÂ (N)8.27 BwÂ x 11.69 BwÂ
7| †Kv‡bv †jLv‡K eo Kivi Kx-‡evW© KgvÛ Kx? 42| †cb W«vBf n‡jv GKwU
8| †Uwej gvR© Kiv ej‡Z Kx eySvq? (K)BbcyU (L)AvDUcyU (M)BbcyU-AvDUcyU (N) †Kv‡bvwUB bq
9| c‡q›Uvi c«_g †m‡j Avbvi wbqg Kx? 43| IqvK©wkU‡K Kx‡mi mv‡_ Zyjbv Kiv hvq?
10| WvUv‡e‡mi †iKW© gy‡Q †djv hvq Kxfv‡e? (K)GK UyK‡iv eo Kv‡Vi mv‡_ (L)GK UyK‡iv eo †jvnvi mv‡_
11| ENIAC- Gi c~Y©iƒc Kx? (M)GK UyK‡iv eo KvM‡Ri mv‡_ (N)GK UyK‡iv eo cøvw÷‡Ki mv‡_
44| WvUv‡em †Uwe‡j wba©viY Kiv hvq-
12| Page setup Kv‡K e‡j?
13| Pvj©m e¨v‡eR‡K Kw¤úDUv‡ii RbK ejv nq †Kb? (K) Relation m…wói Rb¨ (L) Table ‰Zwii Rb¨
**mwVK kã w`‡q k~b¨¯’vb c~iY Ki** (M) Design Kivi Rb¨ (N) Table import Kivi Rb¨
14| wc«›U Kivi ÔKxÕ-‡evW© KgvÛ ..| 45| HTTP- Gi c~Y©iƒc †KvbwU?
15| MS Office n‡”Q A‡bK¸‡jv ........ Gi mgwó| (K) Higher Text Technology Problem
16| ROM – Gi c~Y©iæc n‡”Q ........... (L) Hyper Text Transfer Protocol
17| Mozila firefox n‡jv GK ai‡bi..... | (M) Hot Text Transfer Problem
18| Kw¤úDUv‡ii RbK ejv nq........ †K| (N) Haker Text Transfer Permission
19| IqvK©eyK n‡jv A‡bK¸‡jv........ Gi mgwó| 46| = ABS (1.258) gvb KZ?
20| MS Access-w`‡q......... ‰Zwi Kiv hvq| (K) = 1.23 (L)= 1.24 (M) =1.258 (N)= 1.26
21| WWW.bteb.gov.bd n‡jv....Gi I‡qemvBU| 47| g¨v‡µv gyQvi KgvÛ Kx?
22| WvUv Sorting Kiv hvq ............. fv‡e| (K) Erase (L) Select (M) Delete (N)Move
23|Microsoft Excel g~jZ GKwU.......Software| 48| Lock- Gi ÔKxÕ-‡evW© KgvÛ n‡jv –
24| File save Kivi ÔKx-‡evW©Õ KgvÛ..| (K)Ctrl + K (L) Alt + K (M)Ctrl + alt + K (N) Ctrl + L
25| †jRvi wc«›Uvi GKwU.. wWfvBm| 49| B-‡gBj wVKvbvq @- Gi Av‡M Kx _v‡K?
26|†U·U e‡·..†jLv hvq| (K) eënviKvixi †`‡ki bvg (L) eënviKvixi wVKvbv
** mZ¨ n‡j ÔmÕ Ges wg_¨v n‡j ÔwgÕ wjL** (M) eënviKvixi bvg (N) eënviKvixi wWfvB‡mi bvg
27| Binary msL¨v c×wZi †gŠwjK A¼ 10wU| 50| Record Kx?
28| CD ROM- G CD Write Kiv hvq bv| (K) ci¯úi m¤úK©hy³ y wd‡ìi mgvnvi (L) dvB‡ji mgvnvi
29|MSWordGKwU Word processing software| (M) wKQy †iK‡W©i mgvnvi (N) †Kv‡bvwUB bq
30| gwbUi GKwU AvDUcyU wWfvBm| *** Answer the following questions in English
31|PowerpointGKwU Presentation software| 51| What is your father or mother ?
32| MS Excel- G Mo †ei Kivi m~Î n‡”Q =Average 52| Where were you born?
(Cell Number : Cell Number) | 53| What is the capital of Bangladesh?
33| Access w`‡q bZyb WvUv‡em †c«vM«vg ‰Zwi Kiv hvq| 54| Where do you live? 55| How old are you?
34| Internet A_© International Network| **Choose and fill in the gaps with the correct
35| Mail cvVv‡Z n‡j Sign up Ki‡Z nq | word/words**
36| 1000 Megabyte = 1 Gigabyte| 56| I want to ….. a job.( do/did/done)
37| †Kv‡bv Z_¨ †_‡K †Kv‡bv †iKW© ‡LuvRv‡K Kz‡qwi e‡j| 57| Put the book ….. the table.( in/on/at)
38| Exit KgvÛ File †gby‡Z _v‡K| 58| We can print a document by using …..
** mwVK DËiwU wjL** (i) a television (ii) a printer (iii) a drill machine
39| A¨vevKvm Kx ai‡bi hš¿? ** Translate into Englisht**
(K) bywo I cv_‡ii ‰Zwi MYbvKvix hš¿ 59| m~h© c~e© w`‡K D‡V |
(L) Kv‡Vi ‰Zwi MYbvKvix hš¿ 60| Avgiv evsjv‡`‡k evm Kwi|
(M) cv_‡ii ‰Zwi MYbvKvix hš¿
91 | P a g e
Rvbzqvix-Rzb, GwcÖj-Rzb I RzjvB-†m‡Þ¤î 2020 †mkb
1| DB‡ÛvR -7, DB‡ÛvR -x p, 2|1024 wMMvevBU, 3|sheift+F5, 4|world wide web, 5|Ms word, Ms Excel,
60| Avgiv evsjv‡`‡k evm Kwi|
6|wm‡÷g‡K ¶wZKviK †cÖvMÖvg n‡Z i¶v Kivi md&UIqvi, 7|GKB †gBj‡K wfbœ wfbœ wVKvbvq cvVv‡bv‡K †gBj gvR© e‡j,
8|Basic Input Output System, 9|GKwU †cÖ‡R‡›Ukb‡evW© cÖ‡10|w¯úWwkU
†cÖvMÖvg, kœi DËigvjvG¨vbvjvBwmm †cÖvMÖg, 11|ˆ`N¨©-14 I cÖ¯’ -8.5,
12|Digital Video Disk, 13|Central procceing Unit, 14|BbczU, 15|12, 16|2, 17| Random Access Memory,
18| ctrl+z, 19| Pvjm© e¨v‡eR, 20|A¨vcwj‡Kkb, 21|Electronic mail, 22| ctrl+P, 23|16384, 24| wWwjU Kiv, 25|
BbczU, 26| Light emmitting diodel, 27| m, 28|m, 29|wg, 30|wg, 31|m, 32|m, 33|m, 34|wg, 35|m, 36|m,
37|m, 38|wg, 39| Ctrl+C, 40| Press, 41| wbKm, 42|eënviKvix, 43|†Kv‡bvwUB bq, 44| D D B, 45| RAM, 46|64
wU, 47|. Dbf, 48| wccxwjKv, 49|0,1, 50|12 wU, 51| I am 16 years old, 52| I am a student, 53| The name of
my Institute is Vocational Training Center Orphan & Disabled Boys and Girls, 54| I want to be a skilled
technicial, 55| He Will Take technical trainin, 56| What is occupational safety and healt, 57| He Wants
to go abroo, 58|n, 59|At, 60|Of
‡ewmK †UÖW 360 N›Uv , Rvbzqvix-Rzb 2019 †mkb

1| ENIAC / Mark-1 Computer , 2|Ram -G msiw¶Z †WUv, 3| wWwRUvj Kw¤úDUvi 0 Ges 1 GB `zwU evBbvwi wWwRU w`‡q
me ai‡bi Kv‡Ri cÖwµqvKiY m¤úv`b K‡i, 4|we`¨zr mÂqKvix hš¿ | Instant Power Suppy . 5| dg©zjv ej‡Z †evSv‡bv nq
MvwYwZK cÖwµqv |6|(K) WvUv (L) †iKW© (M) wdì (N) Kz‡qwi | 7| wimvB‡Kj web n‡jv AcÖ‡qvRbxq wW‡jUK…Z WvUv msiw¶Z
ivLvi GKwU †dvìvi, 8|Mouse G Right evU‡b wK¬K K‡i, new wK¬K Zvici folder wK¬K | folder ˆZwi n‡q hv‡e, 9|MS
powerpoint GK ai‡bi ¯øvBW bKkv, 10|B›Uvi‡b‡Ui mv‡_ mve©¶wbK mshz³ _vKvi welq‡K ezSvq | 11|Query k‡ãi
AvwfavwbK A_© ÔLzuRvÕ| †WUv‡e‡Ri GK ev GKvwaK †Uwe‡j msiw¶Z e¨vcK Z_¨ fvÛvi †_‡K †Kvb we‡kl ai‡Yi Z_¨/‡iKW©/
†iKW©mg‚n `ªæZ I mn‡R Lzu‡R †ei Kivi Rb¨ Kz‡qwi eëüZ nq,12|(K) MS. Excel (L) Qua, 13| GKvwaK Cell †K GKwÎZ
Kiv, 14| 3 wU, 15|eû gva¨g, 16| †QvU/eo, 17|¯‹j, 18|Vital Information Resources Under Seize, 19| World
area network, 20|New Slide, 21|Dcv`vb, 22|USB, 23|Upper, 24|evBU, 25| Tools, 26|MS Excel, 27|wg,
28|m, 29|wg, 30|wg, 31|wg, 32|m, 33|wg, 34|m, 35|m, 36|wg, 37|m, 38|wg, 39|(M) †U·UwfwËK †cÖvMÖvg fvlv,
40|(K) Binary Coded Decimal Decimal, 41|(M) 3, 42|(L) Number Type, 43|(L) 1990, 44|(L) Avav BwÂ,
45|(L) G, 46| (L) 3 wU, 47|(L) Ctrl + H, 48|(M) Tools, 49|(L) Table, 50|(N) Format > Font > Subscript,
51|Bangladeshi, 52|International Mother’s Language day, 53| Mz father is a goverment employment,
54|Raju is reading the daily newspaper, 55|Did you eat rice ? 56| Alawas speake the truth, 57|I heve
fever for a week, 58|make, 59|went, 60|at |
‡ewmK †U«W 360 N›Uv ( wZb gvm ) †gqv`x, Kw¤úDUvi Awdm Gwcø‡Kkb (Rvbyqvwi-gvP©) cix¶v-2017
1| GKwU wbw`©ó bv‡g †Kv‡bv GKwU WKy‡g›U‡K msi¶Y Kiv hvq|2|‡jKPvi 16, 3| KvR Kivi ci fwel¨‡Z eënv‡ii Rb¨ ‡h
†Kv‡bv bv‡g wW¯‹ msi¶Y Kiv hvq| msiw¶Z †¯ú«WwkU‡K dvBj ev IqvK©eyK ejv nq| mywekvj wk‡Ui †h As‡k KvR Kiv nq, Zv‡K
IqvK©wkU e‡j, 4|D‡jøL‡hvM¨ K‡qKwU †¯ú«WwkU †c«vM«vg n‡”Qt gvB‡µvmdU G‡·j, ‡jvUvm-1-2-3, ‡Kvqv‡U«v †c«v , 5| gvB‡µvmdU
A¨v‡·m (Microsoft Access) GKwU WvUv‡em md&UIq¨vi | GB md&UIq¨vi eënv‡ii gva¨‡g wewfbœ †Uwej ‰Zwi K‡i WvUv Gw›U«i
Rb¨ mnR‡eva¨ I AvKl©Yxq dg© wWRvBb Kiv hvq, 6|WvUv †Uwe‡ji wdìmg~‡ni Aax‡b †hme Z_¨vewj mvwi ev mvwimg~‡n Gw›U« Kiv
nq, D³ cÖwZwU mvwii Z_¨vewji mgwó n‡jv †iKW©| Aciw`‡K, dvBj n‡”Q GK ev GKvwaK †Uwej ev Z‡_ï Avavi, 7|Ctrl +],
8|‡jKPvi-9, 9|c‡q›Uvi‡K c«_g †m‡j †i‡L gvD‡mi †jdU evUb-G wK¬K Ki‡Z n‡e, 10|†h †iKW©wU gyQvi ìKvi †mB †iKW©wU
wm‡j± K‡i gvD‡mi ivBU evU‡b wK¬K Ki‡Z n‡e, Z‡e GKwU wj÷ Avm‡e, †mLvb †_‡K Delete Ackb-G wK¬K Ki‡Z n‡e| Gici
GKwU WvqvjM e· Avm‡e| WvqvjM e· †_‡K yes evU‡b †c«m Ki‡jB †iKW©wU Delete n‡q hv‡e, 11| ‡jKPvi-01, 12| Ctrl +
P 13|dvBj, 4|Read Only Memory, 15|e«vDRvi, 16|‡jKPvi-17, 17| GgGm Awdm Gi †Kv‡bv †c«vM«v‡g †Kv‡bv WKy‡g›U
‰Zwi
DËi:-Kivi
12 ci †mUv wc«›U w`‡Z n‡j, †Kvb AvKv‡ii c…ôv eënvi n‡e , c…ôvi gvwR©b KZUyKy n‡e- Gme wKQy‡K GK‡Î †cR †mU Avc
ejv nq,218|Pvj©m e¨v‡eR, 19|IqvK©wkU, 20| WvUv‡em dvBj, 21|evsjv‡`k KvwiMwi wk¶v †evW©, 22|`yB (2), 23|†¯ú«WwkU,
DËi:-
24|
DËi:-Ctrl + S, 25|
Random A¶i, Memory.
Access 26| AvDUcyU, 27|ÔwgÕ, 28|ÔmÕ, 29|ÔmÕ, 30|ÔmÕ, 31|ÔmÕ, 32|ÔmÕ, 33|ÔmÕ, 34|ÔwgÕ, 35| ÔwgÕ,
36|
DËi:-ÔwgÕ, 37|ÔmÕ, 38|ÔmÕ, 39|(L) Kv‡Vi ‰Zwi MYbvKvix hš¿, 40|(K) 8 weU mgvb 1 evBU, 41| (N) 8.27 BwÂ x 11.69
ctrl+z
BwÂ, 42|(M) BbcyU- AvDUcyU, 43|(M) GK UyK‡iv eo KvM‡Ri mv‡_, 44|(K) Relation m…wói Rb¨, 45| (L) Hyper Text
DËi:- Pvjm© e¨v‡eR
Transfer Protocol, 46|(K) = 1.23, 47|(M) Delete, 48|(N) Ctrl + L, 49|(M) eënviKvixi bvg, 50|(K) ci¯úi
DËi:- A¨vcwj‡Kkb
m¤úK©
DËi:-hElectronic
y³ wKQy wd‡ìi mgvnvi,
mail 51|My father is a farmer, 52|I was born in Mirzapur, Tangail. 53| Dhaka is the
DËi:- ctrl+P
capital DËi:- 16384
of Banglades, 54| I live at Mirpur in Dhaka, 55|I am eighteen years old, 56| (i) do, 57| (ii) on,
DËi:-
92 | wWwjU
P a g Kiv
e
58| (ii) a printer, 59|The sun rises in the east, 60|We live in Bangladesh.
DËi:- BbczU &GwZg I cÖwZeÜx †Q‡j‡g‡q‡ì KvwiMwi cÖwkÿY †K›`ª, wkeMÄ, e¸ov
DËi:- Light emmitting diodel
DËi:- m
93 | P a g e

Computer Fundamental Main

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--mvwe©K ZË¡veav‡b--

Bdd&vZ Zvmjxgv gywbqv

1g ms‡kvabx :- 01‡m‡Þ¤^i 2020 wLª:

THEORY (100) PRACTICLE (400)

Theory Exam :- 60 (Pass Mark-35)

1.1.2) Kw¤úDUv‡ii ˆewkó¨ :-

Abykxjb ce© (ˆbwewËK cÖkœ I DËi)

Kw¤úDUv‡ii †kÖYx wefvM

cÖ‡qvM‡ÿÎ Abymv‡i ‡WUv cÖ‡mwms I Kv‡Ri

wgwb Kw¤úDUvi gvB‡µv Kw¤úDUvi

‡W¯‹Uc Kw¤úDUvi j¨vcUc Kw¤úDUvi

‡bvUeyK Kw¤úDUvi cvgUc Kw¤úDUvi

Abykxjb ce© (ˆbwewËK cÖkœ I DËi)

01| me‡P‡q kw³kvjx Kw¤úDUvi n‡jv-

(K) BbczU Ask (Input Unit)

3.4) GK bR‡i BbcyU, AvDUcyU I I/O wWfvB†mi D`vniY :-

Input Devices Output Devices Both Input & Output Devices

Abykxjb ce© (ˆbwewËK cÖkœ I DËi)

(K) G·Uvb©vj hš¿vsk : gwbUi, Kx‡evW©, gvDm, g‡Wg, †cbWªvBf BZ¨vw` |

1981 mvj cv‡m©vbvj Kw¤úDUvi hy³iv‡óªi AvB.we.Gg †Kv¤úvbx| eZ©gv‡b e¨eüZ

 wØZxq cÖRb¥ (1957-1963) t

 cªvBgvix †g‡gvwii cÖKvi‡f` :- cªvBgvix †g‡gvwi (cÖavb †g‡gvwi) Avevi 2 c«Kvi|

 ‡m‡KÛvix †g‡gvwii cÖKvi‡f` :- ‡m‡KÛvix †g‡gvwi (mnvqK †g‡gvwi) Avevi 4 c«Kvi|

6.4) ¯§…wZi aviY ¶gZvt

µ.bs. cv_©‡K¨i aib 32 weU 64 weU

6.6) i¨vg I ig Gi cv_©K¨ t-i¨vg I ig Gi cv_©K¨ wb‡P †`Iqv n‡jv-

µ: bs cv_©‡K¨i aib i¨vg(RAM) ig(ROM)

03 ‡g‡gvwi GwU GKwU †fvjvUvBj †g‡gvwi| GwU GKwU bb †fvjvUvBj †g‡gvwi|

Abykxjb ce© (ˆbwewËK cÖkœ I DËi)

01| Kw¤úDUv‡ii ¯§…wZ/‡g‡gvix KZ cÖKvi? 03| Kw¤úDUv‡ii i¨vg wK?

wPÎ- nvB‡ivwMøwd· msL¨v c×wZ wPÎ- U¨vwj msL¨v c×wZ

 mdUIq¨vi I dvg©Iq¨v‡ii g‡a¨ cv_©K¨ :-

µ.bs cv_©‡K¨i aib mdUIq¨vi dvg©Iq¨vi

11.2) Avwe®‹vi I Avwe®‹viK/RbK :-

11.3) evsjv‡`k I Kw¤úDUvi:-

11.4) Ab¨vb¨ ¸iæZ¡c~Y© cÖkœ I DËi:-

 gvB‡µvmdU IqvW© e¨env‡ii mz‡hvM-mzweav:-

13.2) dvBj /‡dvìvi:-

 gyQv †dvìvi/dvBj wimvB‡Kj web n‡Z †diZ Avbv t

– wimvB‡Kj web AvBKb Wej wK¬K K‡i I‡cb Ki‡Z n‡e|

15.1) ‡ng †gbyevi (d›U mve‡gby) :-

04| GjvBb‡g›U‡K KZfv‡M fvM Kiv hvq ?

– †mLvb †_†K Avgiv bvg¸‡jv I msL¨v cwieZ©b Ki‡ev|

• Dc‡ii `vM ¸‡jv j¶¨ Kiæb |

Gfv‡eB, Symbol Gi wewfbœ wPý cvIqv hv‡e|

SI.NO NAME VILLAGE District Mobile no Date

02 Rokon Shamoli Dhaka 01741 7.3.2021

03 Sobur Pirganj Rangpur 01919 7.3.2021

04 Sadhin Gabtoli Bogura 01845 7.3.2021

05 Anisur Dhap Rangpur 01542 7.3.2021

• Mailing > Start mail merge > Envelope wK¬K Kiæb|

MD. JUBAER SAYED

Exam : B.Sc. in Textile Engineering

Exam : National Skill Standard Basic (Graphic Design)

Exam : Diploma in Textile Engineering

Name of Degree : Higher Secondary Certificate

Name of Degree : Secondary School Certificate

 Good at people management, good listener

01| Ms PowerPoint †Kvb ai‡bi mdUIq¨vi? DËit GKwU †cÖ‡R‡›Ukb †cÖvMÖvg