La città in attesa | The waiting city

Phytoremediation as a tool for brownfield

regeneration in the Metropolitan City of Milan

MSc Thesis in Urban Planning and Policy Design,

Politecnico di Milano, A.A.2020-21

Lucia Ludovici
Supervised by Maria Chiara Pastore ,
co-supervised by Daniela Gambino

9.11.2023
 La città in attesa | The waiting city
Phytoremediation as a tool for brownfield
regeneration in the Metropolitan City of Milan

1 2 3
The legacy of decommissioning in the Phytoremediation as an opportunity Scalo Farini, after 30 years
Metropolitan City of Milan to activate the regenerative process the new park

The Waiting City 9.11.2023 Lucia Ludovici

 Part I Part II Part III Conclusion

Disposal in the
Milan metropolitan area

The Waiting City 9.11.2023 Lucia Ludovici

 Part I Part II Part III Conclusion

Disposal in the
Milan metropolitan area

The Waiting City 9.11.2023 Lucia Ludovici

 Part I Part II Part III Conclusion

Disposal in the
Milan metropolitan area

Agricultural Urban leftovers Third sector

Industrial Infrastructural Commercial Residential

Public Services Other Historic buildings

The Waiting City 9.11.2023 Lucia Ludovici

 Part I Part II Part III Conclusion

AVOID REUSE and COMPENSATE MITIGATE

open space REGNERATE to renaturalize sealing effects
urbanization abandoned areas abandoned areas

The Waiting City 9.11.2023 Lucia Ludovici

 Part I Part II Part III Conclusion

Soil comsuption from

1954
19.
to 2018

The Waiting City 9.11.2023 Lucia Ludovici

 Part I Part II Part III Conclusion

The long times of abandonment.

The urban nature in Milan

The Waiting City 9.11.2023 Lucia Ludovici

 Part I Part II Part III Conclusion

The long times of abandonment.

The urban nature in Milan

The Waiting City 9.11.2023 Lucia Ludovici

 Part I Part II Part III Conclusion

The long times of abandonment.

The urban nature in Milan

The Waiting City 9.11.2023 Lucia Ludovici

 Part I Part II Part III Conclusion

The long times of abandonment.

The urban nature in Milan

The Waiting City 9.11.2023 Lucia Ludovici

 Part I Part II Part III Conclusion

The long times of abandonment.

The urban nature in Milan

The Waiting City 9.11.2023 Lucia Ludovici

 Part I Part II Part III Conclusion

The long times of abandonment.

The urban nature in Milan

The Waiting City 9.11.2023 Lucia Ludovici

 Part I Part II Part III Conclusion

The long times of abandonment.

The urban nature in Milan

The Waiting City 9.11.2023 Lucia Ludovici

 Part I Part II Part III Conclusion

The long times of abandonment.

The urban nature in Milan

The Waiting City 9.11.2023 Lucia Ludovici

 Part I Part II Part III Conclusion

Soil contamination

The Waiting City 9.11.2023 Lucia Ludovici

 Part I Part II Part III Conclusion

Soil contamination

Industries Railway areas Leftovers Agricultural areas

The Waiting City 9.11.2023 Lucia Ludovici

 Part I Part II Part III Conclusion

Remedition technologies

Costs
LONG

implementation
time
environmental HIGH
impact

The Waiting City 9.11.2023 Lucia Ludovici

 Part I Part II Part III Conclusion

Part II
Phytoremediation as an
opportunity to activate the
regenerative process

The Waiting City 9.11.2023 Lucia Ludovici

 Part I Part II Part III Conclusion

Phytoremediation
mechanism

Phytodegradation

Phytovolatilization

Phytometabolism

Phytoextraction
Phytostabilization

Rhizodegradation Phytohydraulics

The Waiting City 9.11.2023 Lucia Ludovici

 Part I Part II Part III Conclusion

Phytoremediation horizontal roots trees vertical roots trees deep planted

phreatophytes trees
mechanism

annual herbaceous perennial herbaceous shrubs phreatophytes

plants plants shrubs

The Waiting City 9.11.2023 Lucia Ludovici

 Part I Part II Part III Conclusion

Urban Forestry as regeneration and

remediation tools

DECOMMISSIONING

PHYTOREMEDIATION
OPPORTUNITIES

timing uncertainty
ABANDONMENT

intermediate scenario intermediate

related with the urban forestry
planned areas unplanned areas future development

REGENERATION

The Waiting City 9.11.2023 Lucia Ludovici

 Part I Part II Part III Conclusion

Integrated approach among

urban design and remediation

The Waiting City 9.11.2023 Lucia Ludovici

 Part I Part II Part III Conclusion

Possible trials of phytoremediation

The Waiting City 9.11.2023 Lucia Ludovici

 Part I Part II Part III Conclusion

Case studies

The Waiting City 9.11.2023 Lucia Ludovici

 Part I Part II Part III Conclusion

Case studies

The Waiting City 9.11.2023 Lucia Ludovici

 Part I Part II Part III Conclusion

Part III

Scalo Farini, after

30 years, the new park

The Waiting City 9.11.2023 Lucia Ludovici

 Part I Part II Part III Conclusion

Scalo Farini

The Waiting City 9.11.2023 Lucia Ludovici

 Part I Part II Part III Conclusion

Scalo Farini

The Waiting City 9.11.2023 Lucia Ludovici

 Part I Part II Part III Conclusion

Accordo di Programma Scali Ferroviari

Strategic Document, 2017

The Waiting City 9.11.2023 Lucia Ludovici

 Part I Part II Part III Conclusion

Accordo di Programma Scali Ferroviari

Strategic Document, 2017

Total Surface
618.733 mq

Gross floor area

402.460 mq

Urban Green
307.808 mq

The Waiting City 9.11.2023 Lucia Ludovici

 Part I Part II Part III Conclusion

Winning project
Agenti Climatici

The Waiting City 9.11.2023 Lucia Ludovici

 Part I Part II Part III Conclusion

Winning project
Agenti Climatici

The Waiting City 9.11.2023 Lucia Ludovici

 Part I Part II Part III Conclusion

Strategic transformation through

phytoremediation

phytoremediation action

ANALYSING THE SELECTION OF COMBINATION OF DESIGN PROJECT MONITORING & MASTERPLAN

FUTURE MASTERPLAN TREE SPECIES TREE SPECIES GRADUAL OPENING DEVELOPING

uncertain timing

The Waiting City 9.11.2023 Lucia Ludovici

 Part I Part II Part III Conclusion

Contamination status

The Waiting City 9.11.2023 Lucia Ludovici

 Part I Part II Part III Conclusion

Prioritization of interventions

The Waiting City 9.11.2023 Lucia Ludovici

 Part I Part II Part III Conclusion

Selecting phytoremediation species

The Waiting City 9.11.2023 Lucia Ludovici

 Part I Part II Part III Conclusion

Remediation mechanisms

Superficial organic and Deep organic and Deep organic

inorganic contamination inorganic contamination contamination

The Waiting City 9.11.2023 Lucia Ludovici

 Part I Part II Part III Conclusion

Integrated Design

Phytoremediation Nature
coniferous planting Remediation grass and consequent Remediation wood and short
Growth time: 15 years coniferous planting rotation forestry approach
Remediation time: 1-5 years Remediation time: 10-15 years

Internal Paths
Permanent paths Temporary paths

Accessibility
Visible Access Information tools

The Waiting City 9.11.2023 Lucia Ludovici

 Part I Part II Part III Conclusion

A long process of transformation

The Waiting City 9.11.2023 Lucia Ludovici

 Part I Part II Part III Conclusion

Remediation
A long process
mechanisms
of transformation

The Waiting City 9.11.2023 Lucia Ludovici

 Part I Part II Part III Conclusion

Comparing techniques

The Waiting City 9.11.2023 Lucia Ludovici

 Part I Part II Part III Conclusion

Comparing techniques

The Waiting City 9.11.2023 Lucia Ludovici

 Part I Part II Part III Conclusion

Comparing techniques

Public park Internal paths Incentives

The Waiting City 9.11.2023 Lucia Ludovici

 Part I Part II Part III Conclusion

Conclusion

Purifying forest for Milan

The Waiting City 9.11.2023 Lucia Ludovici

 Part I Part II Part III Conclusion

Guidelins for further developments

Territorial approach Integration among

to the contamination urban planning and
phenomena remediation

Incentives and Cooperation among

trials to empower administrations,
the technique research and
stakeholders

The Waiting City 9.11.2023 Lucia Ludovici

 Possible purifying forest for Milan

The Waiting City 9.11.2023 Lucia Ludovici

The Waiting City 9.11.2023 Lucia Ludovici