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Modern Surveying Instruments
Modern Surveying Instruments
Modern Surveying Instruments
INSTRUMENTS
Introduction
• Conventional surveying
o linear measurements
• chain and tape
o angular measurements
• compass and ordinary theodolites
o Levelling work
• Dumpy level and a levelling staff
o Survey work becomes slow and tedious
DISTOMAT
• Electronic equipment
• Also called as
o Electronic Tacheometer
o Field Station
Total station (Contd.)
• Integrated design
o both the electronic theodolite and the EDM are
assembled in a single unit
• Modular design
o both the electronic theodolite and the EDM act as
separate units.
Total station (Contd.)
• Concept of Total Station (Contd.)
o Data recorder (collector)
• A hand-held computer
• containing
o an alphanumeric keyboard + LCD display
• Works with the help of a rechargeable
compact battery
• Records all the measurements in suitable
format
• Performs some basic computations such as
figure closures and adjustments
Total station (Contd.)
• Concept of Total Station (Contd.)
o Measurement of coordinates
o Measurement of angles
o Measurement of distance
Total station (Contd.)
• Working of Total Station (Contd.)
• Equipment switched on
• emerging technology
• Main advantage
o economy in operation and time
GLOBAL POSITIONING SYSTEM (GPS) (Contd.)
• Working of GPS
• Main advantage
o economy in operation and time