Lesson 1

Concept of Globalization

At the end of the lesson, the student should be able to:

1. Describe the concept of globalization.

2. Examine the global community, its functions, duties, and responsibilities.
3. Recognize the significance of economy to globalization.
4. Apply the significance of globalization in the community and economically.
 College COLLEGE OF CRIMINAL JUSTICE EDUCATION (CCJE)
Program LAW ENFORCEMENT ADMINISTRATION
Course Code LEA 222/LEA 6
Course Title COMPARATIVE MODELS IN POLICING
Credit Unit 3
Lesson 1 Week 1

Module Topic Concept of Globalization

At the end of the lesson, the student should be able to:
1. Describe the concept of globalization.
Intended Learning 2. Examine the global community, its functions, duties, and responsibilities.
Outcomes 3. Recognize the significance of economy to globalization.
4. Apply the significance of globalization in the community and economically.

Number of Hours 13.5 Hours (12 hours Self-directed learning and 1.5 hours Assessment Tasks)

1. Why is it important to know the concept of globalization?

Study Questions 2. What are the functions, duties, and responsibilities of the global community in relation to globalization?
3. How can globalization affects your day-to-day life experiences? Economically? Technologically?
Required Suggested
Garcia, M.A. (2015). Comparative Police and Criminal Justice System.
Lesson 1. Course Module on Comparative (second edition) PH: Wiseman’s Books Trading, Inc., Quezon City,
Models in Policing. University of the Visayas Philippines

Learning Resources The UN Convention on the Law of the Sea: origins and importance by
djaguilfoyleyoutube channel

Learning Activity
https://ihl-databases.icrc.org/applic
https://www.ohchr.org/en/professionalint
https://asean.org/?static_post=asean-de
1. Student shall study and learn Lesson 1. Concept of Globalization. Student may make reference on other
suggested learning materials specified in this Course Study Guide as additional reading resources.
2. While studying and learning the topics in Lesson 1, the student can now start writing entry one of the Weekly
Student Journal based from the given concept “Globalization: How it affects my day-to-day life experiences”
3. After studying and learning the topics in Lesson 1, the student shall answer Assessment Task 1 (Chapter I and
Chapter II), Assessment Task 2 (Chapter III).

1. Student Journal
Required Output

Assessment Tasks 1. Daily Student Journal

2. Answers Assessment 2 and 3

1. Student Journal Rubric

Assessment Tool 2. Assignment (Essay) Rubric

Target Competency Enforce laws, rules and regulations

Prepared by: Reviewed by: Approved for Use:

JOAN MARIE O. MONTALBAN, JD GERUNCIO C.CMPOMANES, PhD LIMUEL J. ABELGAS, Dev.Ed.D. DONALD B. NARRA, PhD
Faculty Dean, CCJE UV-Toledo City Campus Chairman, CCJE Advisory Council Dean
Date: Date: Date:
Revision #002
CONCEPT OF GLOBALIZATION
What is Globalization?

According to Peterson Institute for International Economics, globalization is the word used to describe
the growing interdependence of the world’s economies, cultures, and populations, brought about by
cross-border trade in goods and services, technology, and flows of investment, people, and information.
Countries have built economic partnerships to facilitate these movements over many centuries.

But the term gained popularity after the Cold War in the early 1900s, as these cooperative arrangements
shaped modern everyday life.

Kopp (2020), globalization is the spread of products, technology, information, and jobs across national
borders and cultures. In economic terms, it describes an interdependence of nations around the globe
fostered through free trade.

Globalization is a social, cultural, political, and legal phenomenon.

> Socially, it leads to greater interaction among various populations.

> Culturally, globalization represents the exchange of ideas, values, and artistic expression among
cultures.

> Globalization also represents a trend toward the development of single world culture.

> Politically, globalization has shifted attention to intergovernmental organizations like the United Nations
(UN) and the World Trade Organization (WTO).

> Legally, globalization has altered how international law is created and enforced.

Globalization is a package of transnational flow of people, production, investment, information, ideas and
authority.

People- an aggregate of the population; what is vital about people is their empowerment to become a
productive member of the community.

Production- the act of creating output, a good or service which has value and contributes to the utility of
individuals.

Investment- the purchase of a financial product or other item of value with an expectation of favorable
future returns; the purchase by a producer of a physical good, such as durable equipment or inventory, in
the hope of improving future business.

Information- a system, whether automated or manual, that comprises people, machines, and/or
methods organized to collect, process, transmit, and disseminate data that represent user information.

Ideas- a theory of reality and of knowledge that attributes to consciousness, or the immaterial mind, a
primary role in the constitution of the world.

Authority- emanating from law and science.

Key Takeaways:
A. Globalization has sped up to an unprecedented pace since the 1990s, with public policy changes and
communications technology innovations cited as the two main driving factors.

B. China and India are among the foremost examples of nations that have benefited from globalization.

C. One clear result of globalization is that an economic downturn in one country can create a domino
effect through its trade partners.

History of Globalization

Globalization is not a new concept. Traders traveled vast distances in ancient times to buy commodities
that were rare and expensive for sale in their homelands. The Industrial Revolution brought advances in
transportation and communication in the 19th century that eased trade across borders.

The think tank, Peterson Institute for International Economics (PIIE), states globalization stalled after
World War I and nation’s movements toward protectionism as they launched import taxes to more closely
guard their industries in the aftermath of the conflict. This trend continued through the Great Depression
and World War II until the U.S. took on an instrumental role in reviving international trade.

Globalization has since sped up to an unprecedented pace, with public policy changes and communications
technology innovations cited as the two main driving factors.

Globalization Advantages

- Allows developing countries to catch up to industrialized nations through increased manufacturing,

diversification, economic expansion, and improvements in standards of living.

- Outsourcing by companies brings jobs and technology to developing countries.

Globalization Disadvantages

- An economic downturn in one country can create a domino effect through its trade partners.

- Has created a concentration of wealth and power in the hands of a small corporate elite which can
gobble up smaller competitors around the globe

Real World Examples of Globalization:

A car manufacturer based in Japan can manufacture auto parts in several developing countries, ship the
parts to another country for assembly, then sell the finished cars to any nation.

Components of Globalization:

A. Territory– refers to a place of exclusive jurisdiction of those who sojourn within with protected rights
and privileges.

United Nation declaration of national territories:

Origin of boundaries – the original divisions were often based upon the extent of available agricultural
land or on the influence of a central group of city a surrounding area.

Types of boundaries:

-Boundary – refers to the line that divides one geographic area from another it is often more complex
-Map – many simply show a line of dashes running along the crest of a mountain range or down the
middle of a major river, or straight line across a desert.

>International boundary – refers to a line that divides a country from another country by a
mutual peaceful agreement.

>Disputed boundary – is an international or internal border openly contested by two or more countries
or subdivision within a country.

>Ceasefire line – is established by an official ceasefire agreement between two or more

countries.

>A treaty line – is a boundary established by an official treaty two or more countries but not yet
agreed upon by all countries involved.

Ogaden region – is the traditional home of nomadic peoples ethnically related to Somali tribes, yet it is
currently divided between the countries of Ethiopia and Somalia.

With the creation of the League of Nations in 1919, countries had an impartial approach for settling
disputes through legal and peaceful means instead of going to war. The organization was ultimately
replaced by the United Nation (UN) following World War II.

UNCLOS – United Nation Convention on the Law of the Sea made the following declarations. The
most comprehensive attempt at creating a unified regime for governance of the right of nations with
respect to the world oceans includes the following:

-Navigation rights

-Economic right

-Pollution of the seas

-Conservation of marine life

-Scientific exploration

-Piracy

Historical background under UNCLOS consideration:

a. Freedom of the seas doctrine – limited national rights and jurisdiction over a narrow band of water
along a national coast the rest of the sea being free to all and belonging to none.

b. Cannon shot rule – set forth that a nation controlled a territorial sea as far as a projectile could be fired
from a cannon based on shore, approximate range 3 nautical miles.

The first nation to challenge the long standing freedom of the seas doctrine was the United States on
September 28, 1945, President Harry S. Truman signed what has become commonly known as the
Truman proclamation. The proclamation set a claim of sovereignty by the US to the outer continental shelf
(OCS) and the resources therein as well as establishing the right of the US to establish conservation zones
in areas of the high seas contiguous to the coasts of the US.
Treaties under UNCLOS:

1. UNCLOS 1 –in 1958 the first convention was held in Geneva (Switzerland) where 86 nations had
participated in a four(4) separate conventions.

A. Convention on the territorial sea and the contiguous zone. – established sovereignty right and
right of passage through the territorial sea, establishing the contiguous zone to extend 12 nautical miles
from the baselines, but failed to set standards of limits on the territorial sea.

B. Convention on the high seas – established access for landlocked nations, expounded on the concept
of “flag state” outlawed the transport of slaves, covered piracy, established safety and rescue protocols,
established a national duty to prevent pollution, and establish rights to laying undersea cables and
pipelines.

C. Convention on fishing and conservation of living resources of the high seas – established the
right of the coastal nations to protect living ocean resources, required nations whose fleets their territorial
sea to establish conservation measures, and establish measures for dispute resolutions.

D. Convention on continental shelf – establish the regime governing navigation, fishing, scientific
research and the coastal nation’s competence in their areas, delimitation, and tunneling.

2. UNCLOS II – 1960, the objective is to settle the question on the breadth of the territorial seas and
fishery limits.

3. UNCLOS III – 1973-1982, deliberation lasted for nine years, 160 nations participated, conclude in
1982.

Note: UNCLOS entered into force in 1994.

(The UN Convention on the Law of the Sea: origins and importance by djaguilfoyleyoutube channel)

UNCLOS is one of the largest, and likely one of the most important legal agreement in history. First signed
in December of 1982, until November 1994, a period of nearly 12 years. The main reason many nation
took so long to sign the treaty is because of Article 309, which prohibits nation from taking out
reservations to any part of the treaty.

Reservation – is a statement made by a nation when accepting a treaty, whereby it excludes or modifies
the legal effect of certain provision of a treaty.

Division of ocean areas:

A. Baseline – is the boundary from which a nation begin measurements to determine the portion of the
adjacent ocean or continental shelf over which may exercise sovereignty.

B. International water – those that are contained on the landward side of the baseline.

C. Territorial sea – a nation may establish a territorial sea that extends up to 12 nautical miles from the
baseline.

D. Contiguous zone – a region of the sea measured from the baseline to a distance of 24 nautical miles.

E. Exclusive economic zone (EEZ) – region that stretches a distance of no more than 200 nautical
miles from a national baseline.

F. Continental shelf – is a real, naturally occurring geological formation.

G. Area – is the seabed and ocean floor that is beyond the limit of national jurisdiction. This is the portion
of the seabed that is beyond EEZ of a country.

Boundary dispute – arises when one country claims land in an adjacent country because of some quality
that the land possesses.

CONTINENTS:

1. Asia – being the largest of the continents covers around one-third of the world’s total land area.

- known for its vast size and incomparable character.

-it stretches all the way east from Japan to the Southeast Arabian Peninsula, which is more than 8500
kilometers away.

2. Africa – the second largest of the continents, covers around 22% of the world’s land area.

-the equator intersects it and the expansive landmass covers the Sahara, which is the world’s largest
desert, and the Nile, the longest river on earth, as well as 53 nations.

-most Africa is a desert region.

-this continent is basically divided into three regions, which are the Northern Plateau, the Central and
Southern Plateau, and the Eastern Highlands. This includes plains, swampy coastal regions, lush tropical
forests with Savannah’s and hilly plateaus inland.

-it is the home for many exotic large mammals, which include the zebras, giraffes, gazelles, elephants,
hippopotamuses, and rhinoceros, antelopes and carnivores such as lions, leopards, hyenas, and panthers.

-it is famous for its diamonds, gold, uranium and copper mining.

3. North America – is around twice the size of Europe.

-it stretches from the vast wintry environment of the Arctic regions to the Yucatan Peninsula.

-America is sort of wedge shaped featuring an exceedingly irregular coastline with many prominent
offshore islands, including Greenland, which is the largest island in the world.

-the North American wildlife was once abundant but after people started inhabiting this land, the numbers
have decreased.

-the large mammals include several kinds of bear, bighorn sheep, caribou, deer, elk, and antelope.

-Bison, which had a population of about 60 million once, are now found only in protected herds. The Gila
monster and Beaded lizard of the southwestern United States and Mexico are the only poisonous lizards in
the world.

-a great variety of coastal regions as well as the freshwater rivers and lakes of North America. More than
1,700 species of birds live and breed on this continent.

-it has a large deposits of many important minerals, including iron ore, copper, nickel, and uranium.

-Coal is also found in eastern and western Canada and the United States.

-world’s greatest deposits of Petroleum and Natural Gas are seen in the State of Mexico.
4. South America – the fourth largest continent of the world although it contains less than 12% of the
world’s population.

-The Andes, world’s second largest mountain range is seen in South America.

-the second largest river – Amazon, also runs through South America.

-the lowland consists mainly of the Amazon Basin, which is covered in the equatorial region. These areas
are of the wet tropical climate and have a dense cover of rain forest. The largest forest area in the world is
seen in South America.

-has diverse mineral resources, like gold, silver, iron, bauxite, tin, lead, and zinc many of which have not
been thoroughly exploited.

5. Europe – the fifth largest of the continents.

-it also conventionally known as “Europa”. Europa was the daughter of Phoenix in Greek mythology. Some
say it is possibly from “Ereb”, a Phoenician word for sunset.

-the Ural Mountains, the Ural River, part of the Caspian Sea, and the Caucasus Mountains forms the main
boundary between Europe and Asia. Some geographers also see the two continents as one and call it
EURASIA.

-Europe has a more or less a radial pattern of drainage. Most streams flow outward from the core of the
continent.

-a wide variety of mineral resources are found in Europe, including coal, petroleum and natural gas,
copper, lead and tin.

6. Australia – the smallest of the seven continents and the interiors of the continent are predominantly
plains. The Southeast and Southwest plains are the most densely settled areas of Australia. The climate of
Australia is variable, but weather extremes are rare. The Northern part of Australia has a monsoon sort of
climate while in the south it is temperate.

-known for its vast wildlife with rare species and its known as the land of kangaroos.

-Aborigines are the original inhabitants of Australia.

-it is where the world’s largest coral reef is found “Great Barrier Reef”

7. Antarctica – the sixth largest of the continents, ice bound throughout the year. Penguins and seals,
accompanied by a few invertebrates such as mites and ticks – the only land animals that can tolerate the
low temperatures, primarily inhabit it.

-the marine life is rich and it includes krill, a shrimp like organism that is a food source for large numbers
of whales in the surrounding waters.

-no trees, flowering plants or grasses (However, there are only two known species of flowering plants
found on the continent: Antarctic hair grass [Deschamsiaantarctica] grows primarily in the Antarctic
Peninsula in small, concentrated tufts throughout rocky area and Antarctic pearlwort
[Colobanthusquitensis] found in rocky areas in the coastal region.
-is a true desert due to its extreme cold climate making it the coldest, windiest, and driest continent. Its
average temperature is around -50 °C and the land is swept by hurricanes and the annual rainfall is only
around 50 millimeters a year.

-this continent has no native civilization but the United Kingdom, Norway, France, Australia, New
Zealand, Chile, and Argentina have made territorial claims. Due to the climate it makes it impossible for
people to settle down here.

B. POPULATION OR THE SOCIETY

-According to Webster dictionary, population is defined as the common people residing in one specific
jurisdiction.

-Society, as living in association with others with common culture, practices, interest and the likes.

-SocietasLeonina – that kind of society or partnership by which the entire profits should belong to some of
the partners in exclusion to some.

As to society, it also referred to the citizens of a specific jurisdiction where the 1987 Philippine
Constitution, Art. IV, Sec. 1, the following are the citizens of the Philippines:

a. Those who are citizens of the Philippines at the time of the adoption of this constitution;

b. Those whose fathers or mothers are citizens of the Philippines;

c. Those born before January 17, 1973, of Filipino mothers, who elect Philippine citizenship upon reaching
the age of majority; and

d. Those who are naturalized in accordance with law.

Citizenship – membership in a political community which is personal and more or less permanent in
character.

-distinguished from nationality, nationality is membership in any class or form of political community.
Thus, nationals may be citizens [if members of a democratic community] or subjects [if members of a
monarchical community]. Nationality does not necessarily include the right or privilege of exercising civil
or political rights.

Usual modes of acquiring citizenship:

1. By birth – jus soli (right of soil) and jus sanguini (right of blood)

2. By naturalization

3. By marriage

LOSS AND REACQUISITION OF PHIL. CITIZENSHIP:

1. Loss of citizenship:

a. By naturalization in a foreign country;

b. By express renunciation of citizenship;

c. By subscribing to an oath of allegiance;

d. By rendering service to or accepting commission in the armed forces of a foreign country;

e. By cancellation of the certificate of naturalization; and

f. By having been declared by competent authority a deserter of the Philippine armed forces in time of
war.

2. Reacquisition of citizenship:

a. By taking of oath of allegiance under R.A. 9225;

b. By naturalization;

c. By repatriation; and

d. By direct act of Congress.

C. Government

-The recognition of States and Government – if states are subject to international law, this law must
determine what a state is; just as national law has to determine who are with legal rights and duties and
persons.

Estrada Doctrine: Secretary of Foreign Relations of Mexico Genaro Estrada in 1930.

-the doctrine asserting that a state should not apply subjective considerations to extending recognitions to
a new government, but rather accept the existence of that government. This is also known as the doctrine
of effectiveness because it holds that the only test of recognition should be whether or not the
government is in effective control of the machinery of the state and the populace.

GLOBAL COMMUNITY, ITS

FUNCTIONS, DUTIES, AND
RESPONSIBILITIES
A. What is Social Justice?
- It is defined as justice exercised within a society, particularly as it is exercised by and among
the various social classes of the society.
- It also means the promotion of the welfare of the people, the adoption by the government of
measures calculated to ensure the economic stability of all component elements of society,
through the maintenance of proper economic and social equilibrium in the interrelation of the
members of the community, constitutionally through adoption of measures legally justifiable.
- A socially just society is defined by its advocates and practitioners as being based on the
principles of equality and solidarity; this pedagogy also maintains that the socially just society
both understands and values human rights, as well as recognizing the dignity of every human
being.
- In the Philippines, social justice is incorporated and embodied in the Philippine Constitution
more specifically Article XIII, amongst are provisions concerning labor, agrarian and natural
 resources reform, urban land and housing reform, health, women, people’s organization, and
human rights.

B. What are human rights?

- These are commonly understood as inalienable fundamental rights to which a person is
inherently entitled simply because she or he is a human being.
- The doctrine of human rights in international practice, within international law, global and
regional institutions, in the policies of states and in the activities of non-governmental
organizations, has been a cornerstone of public playground in the world.
- The Universal Declaration of human rights (Chapter VI, UN Conventions)
- Human Rights under the Philippine Constitution, Art. XIII.

Philippine Setting:

1. The Commission on Human Rights

- Composed of a Chairman and four (4) members who must be natural-born citizens of the
Philippines and a majority of whom shall be members of the Bar. The term of office and other
qualifications and disabilities of the Members of the Commission shall be provided by law.
a.) The power to appoint the Chairman and members of the Commission is vested in the
President of the Philippines, without need of confirmation by the Commission on
Appointments [Mary Concepcion Bautista v. Salonga].
b.) The Commission on Human Rights does not enjoy fiscal autonomy. It does not belong to the
species of constitutional commissions under Art. IX of the Constitution [Commission on
Human Rights Employees Association v. Commission on Human Rights, G.R. No.
155336, Nov.25, 2004].

2. Powers and Functions of the Commission

a.) In Carino v. Commission on Human Rights, G.R. No. 96681, December 2, 1991, on the
question of whether or not the Commission on Human Rights has jurisdiction or
adjudicatory powers over certain specific types of cases, like alleged human rights violations
involving civil or political rights, the Supreme Court said that it does not; that “it was not
meant by the fundamental law to be another court or quasi-judicial agency in this
country, or duplicate much less take over the functions of the latter”. It is conceded,
however, that the Commission may investigate, i.e., receive evidence and make findings of
fact as regards claimed human rights violations involving civil and political rights. “But fact
finding is not adjudication, and cannot be likened to the judicial function of a court of
justice, or even a quasi-judicial agency or official; the function of receiving evidence and
ascertaining therefrom the facts of a controversy is not a judicial function, properly
speaking”. Having merely the power to investigate, the Commission cannot and should not
“try and resolve on the merits” the matters involved in Striking Teachers HRC Case 90-775,
as it has announced it means to do; and it cannot do so even if there be a claim that in the
administrative disciplinary proceedings against the teachers in question, initiated and
conducted by the DECS, their human rights, or civil or political rights had been
transgressed.
b.) The Commission on Human Rights, not being a court of justice, cannot issue writs of
injunction or a restraining order against supposed violators of human rights. [EPZA v.
Commission on Human Rights, 208 SCRA 125]
 c.) In Simon v. Commission on Human Rights, 229 SCRA 117, the Supreme Court ruled that
evicting squatters is not a violation of human rights. Also reiterated was the rule that the
CHR has no jurisdiction to issue the “order to desist” (a semantic interplay of a restraining
order) inasmuch as such order is not investigatorial in character but prescinds from an
ajudicatory power it does not possess.

CONCEPT OF GLOBAL COMMUNITY:

1. Interpersonal Relations – is an association between two or more people that may range in
duration from brief to enduring. This association may be based on inference, love, solidarity,
regular business interactions, or some other type of social commitment.
2. Inter-territorial (Interstate) Relations – those authoritative actions, understandings, or
commitments of the governmental authorities – the leaders – of one state to or with the
governmental authorities of another state or its groups or citizens, either bilaterally or through
international organizations.
3. Intergovernmental Relations – refers to a broad array of services to the public and state local
and tribal governments. Its supports countries, municipalities, citizens and business by providing
support services in many different ways.
4. Economic Relations – this refers to agreement and cooperation of people, government, and
countries for a smooth and equitable exchange of resources for the purpose of sustaining economic
stability that will satisfy the needs of the constituents.

SIGNIFICANCE OF ECONOMY TO GLOBALIZATION

A. What is Economy?
- Lubricant of progress.
- According to Kenton (2019), an economy is the large set of inter-related production and
consumption activities that aid in determining how scarce resources are allocated. The
production and consumption of goods and services are used to fulfill the needs of those living
and operating within the economy, which is also referred to as an economic system.

Understanding Economies: (Kenton 2019)

- An economy encompasses all activity related to production, consumption, and trade of goods
and services in an area. An economy applies to everyone from individuals to entities such as
corporations and governments. The economy of a particular region or country is governed by its
culture, laws, history, and geography, among other factors, and it evolves due to necessity. For
this reason, no two economies are identical.

The Impact of Globalization on Economic Growth (Kuepper 2020)

Globalization aims to benefit individual economies around the world by making markets more
efficient, increasing competition, limiting military conflicts, and spreading wealth more equally.

In 2003 report of Milken Institute, it highlighted various benefits associated with globalization as
well as outlining some risks that governments and investors should consider, to wit:
BENEFITS:

1. Foreign Direct Investment (FDI) – tends to increase at a much greater rate than the growth in
world trade, helping boost technology transfer, industrial restructuring, and the growth of
global companies.
2. Technological Innovation – increased competition from globalization helps stimulate new
technology development, particularly with the growth in FDI, which helps improve economic
output by making processes more efficient.
3. Economies of Scale – globalization enables large companies to realize economies of scale that
reduce costs and prices, which in turn supports further economic growth. However, this can
hurt many small businesses attempting to compete domestically.

RISKS:

1. Interdependence – interdependence between nations can cause regional or global instabilities if

local economic fluctuations end up impacting a large number of countries relying on them.
2. National Sovereignty – Some see the rise of nation-states, multinational or global firms, and
other international organizations as a threat to sovereignty. Ultimately, this could cause some
leaders to become nationalistic or xenophobic (dislike of or prejudice against people from other
countries).
3. Equity Distribution – the benefits of globalization can be unfairly skewed towards rich nations or
individuals, creating greater economic inequalities.

FUTURE OUTLOOK:

Economists suggest that nowadays, cross-border investments are not being made so much to build
capital infrastructure as they are to seek countries with the lowest taxes. Some form of
globalization may be inevitable over the long-run, but the historic bumps spurred by economic
crises and other consequences suggest that change is the only reliable constant.

According to U.S. Customs and Border Protection, escalated U.S. tariffs on Chinese imports raised
$20.8 billion through mid-July 2019. American farmers hurt by China diverting crop purchases to
other countries were promised $28 billion in federal compensation, making it an overall net loss.
 Assessment Task
Assessment Task No. No.
1 1

My Daily Student Journal

Directions: Write a minimum of 300-word reflective essay on your day-to-day life experiences on how
globalization affects your life. Write your journal entry on a space provided below or you may use a
separate sheet. Kindly based your entry on the Student Journal Rubric in the succeeding page in order for
you to understand how your entry will be graded upon.

(Title)
 RUBRICS FOR DAILY JOURNAL

Criteria Outstanding Proficient Basic Below Points

Expectation
50 - 38 37 - 25 24 - 13 12 - 1 50
Critical Rich in content; Substantial Information is Rudimentary
Thinking insightful information; thin and and superficial;
analysis, evidence of common place; little analysis,
synthesis and analysis, attempts made synthesis or
evaluation, synthesis and at analysis, evaluation; little
clear evaluation; synthesis and or no /50
connections general evaluation; connections
made to real- connections are connections are with any other
life situations or made, but are limited, vague material or are
to previous sometimes too generalities are off topic
content obvious or not posted.
clear
25 - 20 19 - 14 13-8 7-1 25
Personal Entries are high Connects ideas Little evidence Lack of
Reflection quality and thoughts to of personal connection to
consisting of personal life; connection, personal life.
personal Evidence of many /25
reflections that personal connections
connect connection to need further
between real- learning, explanation or
life, learning community. justification
and reading.
25 - 20 19 - 14 13-8 7-1 25
Surface An occasional Few Obvious Obvious
Features grammatical or grammatical or grammatical or grammatical or
stylistic error stylistics errors stylistics errors; stylistics errors;
errors interfere errors make /25
with content content very
difficult to read.
Total /100
 Assessment Task No. 2

Multiple Choice: Read the statements carefully and encircle the letter of the correct answer. 1 point for
every correct answer.

1. When did the third UN Convention on the Law of the Sea Conference (UNCLOS III) take place?
A. Between 1948 and 1950
B. Between 1973 and 1974
C. Between 1973 and 1982
D. 2014

2. How many nautical miles out are considered “territorial waters”?

A. 6 nautical miles (11 kilometers; 7 miles) from the baseline
B. 12 nautical miles (22 kilometers; 14 miles) from the baseline
C. 18 nautical miles (33 kilometers; 21 miles) from the baseline
D. 50 nautical miles (92 kilometers; 26 miles) from the baseline

3. Which of the UN member states below has signed UNCLOS III?

A. Turkey
B. Guyana
C. United States
D. Israel

4. Which is a ‘rock’ under the UN Convention of the Law of the Sea (UNCLOS)?
A. Rocks are the islands that are less than 10 square miles
B. Rocks are the islands that do not have any maritime zone
C. Rocks are the islands which cannot sustain human habitation or economic life of their own
D. Rocks are the small islands that can sustain human habitation

5. What kind passage does qualify as “innocent passage”?

A. Innocent passage is the passage that does not involve any criminal activity
B. A vessel’s passage is considered ‘innocent’ where it is not prejudicial to the peace, good order
or security of the coastal State
C. Innocent passage concerns only vessels of the same nationality with the coastal State
D. Innocent passage concerns only the passage of merchant vessels and not of warships

6. What is the commonly used English term for “the seabed and ocean floor and subsoil thereof,
beyond the limits of national jurisdiction”?
A. The “Zone”
B. The “Area”
C. The “Bed”
D. The “Space”
7. The first effort at codifying the law of the sea, the 1930 Hague Codification Conference, focused on
what issue?
A. The breadth and nature of the territorial sea regime
B. Exclusive fisheries
C. The extent of the continental shelf
D. Combating piracy on the high seas

8. Which of the following is NOT one of the freedoms of the high seas set out in Article 87 of UNCLOS?
A. Overflight
B. Laying submarine cables
C. Constructing artificial islands
D. Testing nuclear weapons

9. Correctly identify the answer that lists three categories of highly migratory species listed in Annex
1 of UNCLOS.
A. Halibut, dolphin, salmon
B. Herring, tuna, marlin
C. Swordfish, mackerel, pomfrets
D. Whales, sharks, cod

10. Which of the following is not true of the Nyon Agreement (1973)?
A. It related to aerial attacks on neutral merchant vessels
B. It controversially referred to “piratical” attacks even though there was no intent to plunder
C. It applied rules of international armed conflict to an internal armed conflict (the Spanish Civil
War)
D. It never came into force

11. Which of the following Ruses of War are not permitted under rules of naval warfare?
A. Use of decoys
B. Flying false flags
C. Simulating distress
D. Carrying out mock operations

12. In 1967 the American-owned Torrey Canyon caused what was at the time the biggest ever oilspill
by a marine vessel. Under what flag was it sailing?
A. USA
B. Cyprus
C. Malta
D. Liberia

13. Which continent is an island, country and continent?

A. Australia
B. Europe
C. Asia
D. North America

14. Which ocean takes up about half of the surface of the earth?
A. Atlantic
B. Indian
 C. Arctic
D. Pacific

15. Which continent is an island in the Pacific Ocean?

A. Asia
B. Europe
C. Africa
D. Australia
 Assessment Task No. 3

Directions: Answer the hereunder questions briefly and concisely. Kindly refer to the Rubric in the
succeeding page for you to understand how your answer will be graded.

1. What are the main reasons of those nations identified as economic powers?
2. How did these nations become economic powers?
3. Discuss the pros and cons of globalization from an economic standpoint.
 SHORT ANSWER RUBRIC

NOTE: This rubric will be rated by your Instructor only!

Excellent Very Good Good Need Points

Improvement
10-8 7-5 4-2 1
Question No. It provides clear It provides It provides It provides
1 and well-stated sufficient answer somehow insufficient answer
answer with no with 1 sufficient answer with grammatical
grammatical grammatical with less errors.
error. error. grammatical
errors.
/10
5-4 3 2 1
Question No. It provides clear It provides It provides E It provides
2 and well-stated sufficient answer somehow insufficient answer
answer with no with 1 sufficient answer with grammatical
grammatical grammatical with less errors
error. error. grammatical
errors.
/10
10-8 7-5 4-2 1
Question No. It provides clear It provides It provides It provides
3 and well-stated sufficient answer somehow insufficient answer
answer with no with 1 sufficient answer with grammatical
grammatical grammatical with less errors
error. error. grammatical
errors.
/10
TOTAL /30