REL-ED VALUES /EDUCATION 9

THIRD QUARTERLY REVIEWER

By Kassandra Domigpe | 9 - St. Luke
happiness with God in heaven). Our final
LESSON 1: MORAL LAW goal is happiness in both senses, but
particularly the second.
WHAT IS A NORM OR LAW? Two characteristics of law
We need some general idea of law that can
give us some insight into its meaning when LAW IS BASED ON VISION
applied to God’s law, the law of the old and It prescribes for man the ways, the rules of
new testaments, and the natural law. conduct that lead to the promised
St. Thomas Aquinas defined law as
beatitude; it prescribes the ways of evil
“an ordinance of reason, promulgated
which turn him away from God and his love.
by competent authority for the sake of
It is at once firm in its precepts and, in its
the common good.”
promises, worthy of God’s love.
LAW is an ordinance of reason
• i.e., prudent and with purpose, not a LAW ARISES FROM AND EXPrESSES
capricious whim; Law requires that we act BASIC VALUES
in accord with reason. The first principles
This is clearly exemplified in the Ten
of the natural law are "Good is what all
Commandments: “Thou shalt not kill”
things seek after" and "Good is to be done
commands respect for human life; “Thou
and promoted, and evil is to be avoided."
shalt not commit adultery,” respect for
So whatever practical reason naturally
sexuality; “Thou shalt not steal,” respect for
apprehends as our good (or evil) is to be
a person’s possessions; “Thou shalt not bear
done (or avoided).
false witness,” respect for the truth.
PROMULGATED
communicated with sufficient notice to its
functions of moral law
subjects while respecting their rights and
dignity; First, they provide criteria for judging who
BY COMPETENT AUTHORITY we are and how we should act. By
i.e. by those who have legitimate power to explicitating the moral memory and value-
do so; and experience of the community, moral norms
afford us a broader basis for judging than
FOR THE COMMON GOOD
our own limited personal moral experience.
for the social betterment of the
community. Not solely for personal gain. Secondly, moral norms/laws help our moral
development, especially in the formation of
WHAT IS THE ULTIMATE GOAL OF conscience, by expressing typical patterns
LAW? of moral behavior and human values.
“HAPPINESS“
Thirdly, they provide stability and
• in Aquinas refers both to (1) temporal
consistency in our lives by acting as a
happiness (living a good life on earth), and
constant and reliable point of reference.
(2) supernatural happiness (eternal
Universal negative moral laws indictate the
minimum below which moral acts cannot
sink. It would be humanly impossible to
decide every moral issue “from zero,” i.e.,
with no precedent or guide.
Lastly, positive norms/laws can also
challenge us by stretching us in view of an
ideal, or correcting us by illuminating our
faults.
Moral norms are indispensable for moral life.
They provide objective criteria for our moral
actions and decisions and establish moral
stability in our lives.
FOUR KINDS OF LAW:
ETERNAL LAW
These are Laws in the mind of God that
humans cannot easily comprehend.
God governs the universe through physical
laws, moral laws, and revealed religious laws.
Eternal law includes all of these. Thomas
defines as ‘rational governance of
everything on the part of God as ruler of the EXAMPLE:
universe.’ Eternal law is identical to the mind the right to life, property, liberty, and the
of God. A law because God stands to the
universe which he creates as a ruler does a
community he rules. He regulates the
universe.
EXAMPLE:
GOD’S PLAN OF CREATION
ORDER OF THE UNIVERSE
DEATH
DESTINY
DIVINE LAW (BIBILICAL LAW)
is the historical laws of Scripture given to us
through God’s self-revelation. Divine law is
divided into the Old Law and the New Law.
The Old Law, revealed by God to Moses, “is
the first stage of revealed Law. Its moral
prescriptions are summed up in the Ten
Commandments” (CCC 1962).
The New Law, through the teachings of
Jesus — commands internal conduct — and
reaches us by divine love — promising love
and heavenly reward (Beatitudes)
EXAMPLES:
TEN COMMANDMENTS
2 GREATES COMMANDMENTS
THE BEAUTITUDES
NATURAL LAW (MORAL LAW)
This is the part of the eternal law that
applies to human choices and can be known
by our natural reason. It provides the solid
foundation on which man can build the
structure of moral rules to guide his choices.
It also provides the indispensable moral
foundation for building the human
community. Finally, it provides the
necessary basis for the civil law with which it
is connected, whether by a reflection that
draws conclusions from its principles, or by
additions of a positive and juridical nature.
pursuit of happiness
Golden Rule
right to know the truth
HUMAN LAW
We create our own laws, in order to apply
the natural law to the specific circumstances
of our society. Human law has the nature of
law in so far as it partakes of right reason;
and it is clear that, in this respect, it is
derived from the eternal law. But in so far as
it deviates from reason, it is called an unjust
law, and has the nature, not of law but of
violence. Nevertheless even an unjust law, in
so far as it retains some appearance of law,
though being framed by one who is in power,
is derived from the eternal law; since all
power is from the Lord God, according to
Romans 13:1
EXAMPLES: the Red Sea, after which they based
Constitution themselves at Mount Sinai, where Moses
Bill of Rights received the Ten Commandments. After 40
Legislative Laws (Bills) years of wandering in the desert, Moses died
School rules and regulations on Mount Nebo at the age of 120, within sight
Ordinances of the Promised Land.
Self-imposed rules
Laws are ultimately given by God, from
WHERE did god give the ten
eternal law to divine laws to moral laws to commandments?
human laws, they all be treated with
obedience and respect. • Being mindful of God gave Moses the Ten Commandments at
these laws will lead us to a harmonious and Mt. Sinai.
Christian moral life. Mount Sinai or Mount Moses is located on
the Sinai Peninsula of Egypt is the
traditional site where Moses received the
LESSON 2: GOD’S LAW OF LOVE Ten Commandments from God. It is 2285
meters high. It takes about 3 hours to climb
Laws or commandments rule just about the 7,498-foot peak following the Path of
every aspect of our lives. We learn that Moses, a stairway of nearly 4,000 steps.
obeying rules that our parents set for us
keeps us from harm, much like in the story at
the beginning of this lesson. In the same
way, God’s rules as commandments also
keep us away from harm. These laws that
God has given us we called as the TEN
COMMANDMENTS.

WHERE CAN WE FIND IN THE BIBLE

THE TEN COMMANDMENTS?
The Ten Commandments of God are called
the DECALOGUE and are recorded in both
the books of
Exodus 20:1-17 and
Deuteronomy 5:6-21.
To WHOM did god give the ten
commandments?
God gave the Ten Commandments to Moses
for the Israelites and for the rest of God’s
people.
After the Ten Plagues, Moses led the Exodus
of the Israelites out of Egypt and across
In what context did God
give the commandments to
Moses and the Israelites?
God gave Moses the Ten Commandments
on two tablets of stone on Mount Sinai in
Exodus 24:12 to confirm the moral
precepts as a Covenant between God
and his people, the Israelites.
what are the ten
commandments?
1. I am the Lord thy God, thou shalt not
have any strange gods before Me
2. Thou shalt not take the name of the Lord HOW do the ten
thy God in vain.
3. Remember to keep holy the Sabbath day.
commandments help us in our
4. Honor thy father and mother. moral living?
5. Thou shall not kill.
6. Thou shall not commit adultery. They serve as criteria, a value system,
7. Thou shall not steal. and a basis for moral living.
8. Thou shall not bear false witness against They serve as the OBJECT of our
your neighbor. conscience.
9. Thou shall not covet your neighbor’s wife. They serve as constant reminders to love
10. Thou shall not covet your neighbor’s God and our neighbor.
goods.
The Ten commandments flowed directly
WHY did god give the ten from the Covenant relationship of God’s
loving call to creating His chosen people.
commandments? The commandments then are gifts from God,
God gave Moses the Ten Commandments a gift of love to remain in His love.
for the Israelites to serve as The Ten Commandments guide us in making
principles/standards of moral behavior for choices that help us to live as God wants us
the human race. to live. The first three commandments tell us
how to love God; the other seven tell us how
WHY are the ten to love our neighbor.

commandments called god’s

law of love?
LESSON 3: THE GREATEST
The commandments then are gifts from God, COMMANDMENTS
a gift of love to remain in His love. Though
the commandments have the form of
prohibitions, they are actually a deliverance
WHAT ARE THE TWO GREATEST
from the slavery of sin. Thus, it becomes an COMMANDMENTS ACCORDiNG TO
act of love saving a person from the danger
JESUS?
of sin.

Matthew 22:37-40
WHAT is the basic purpose You shall love the lord your God with
of the ten commandments in all your heart and with all your soul
and with all your mind.”
relation to our moral life?
“You shall love your neighbor as
yourself.”
The Ten Commandments guide us in making
choices that help us to live as God wants us
to live. The first three commandments tell how does jesus greatest
us how to love God; the other seven tell us commandment summarize the
how to love our neighbor.
ten commandments?
It summarizes the ten commandments. The
first three deal with our relationship to God,
which is why we are to love God with all our
heart, soul, and mind. The other seven deal
with loving our neighbor.
why is loving god the most
important?
“We love because he first loved us. If anyone
says, “I love God,” yet hates his brother, he is
a liar. For anyone who does not love his
brother, whom he has seen, cannot love God,
whom he has not seen. And he has given us
this command: whoever loves God must also
love his brother” (1 John 4:19-20)
What does it mean to love your
neighbor as yourself?
➢ To instruct the ignorant. This work of
mercy means all of us are called to share
and teach the faith passed on to us. ...
➢ To counsel the doubtful. ...
➢ To admonish the sinner. ...
➢ To bear wrongs patiently. ...
➢ To forgive offenses willingly. ...
➢ To comfort the afflicted. ...
➢ To pray for the living and the dead
Love of God is the first commandment, but
because we do not see God, we must first
love our neighbor whom we do see.
By loving our neighbor and offering them
help, we travel with them toward God. This
is especially clear to the Christian, for by
loving one’s neighbor, one loves Christ,
because all are members of Christ’s body.

LUKE 6:32 - CHRISTIAN GOLDEN RULE

Do to others as you would have them do to
you.
LESSON 4: FIRST THREE
how should we love our
COMMANDMENTS
neighbor?
Christian Moral Tradition has presented atleast
two major ways of exercising NEIGHBORLY
LOVE.

CORPORAL WORKS OF MERCY

are kind acts by which we help our neighbors
with their material and physical needs.
➢To feed the hungry.
The gye nyame symbol is probably the best
➢To give water to the thirsty.
known adinkra symbol from Ghana. It means
➢To clothe the naked.
“except for God” and signifies the all-
➢To shelter the homeless.
knowing power of God. It is used in
➢To visit the sick.
decorations, clothing, and artwork. It is a
➢To visit the imprisoned, or ransom the
reflection of the religious character of the
captive.
Ghanaian people.
➢To bury the dead.
Another translation of the gye-nyame
spiritual works of mercy symbol is this: This great panorama of
are acts of compassion, as listed below, by creation dates back to time immemorial; no
which we help our neighbors with their one lives who saw its beginning and no one
emotional and spiritual needs will live to see its end, EXCEPT GOD.
This symbol only shows the supremacy of
God in the lives of every human person as
our loving response to His commandments.
What are the first three
commandments? what do they
imply?
The first three commandments are “the
first” not only in its position but because to
know and love the one true God is the
source and foundation for all the other
commandments and our whole moral life.
FIRST COMMANDMENT:
i AM THE LORD YOUR GOD, THOU SHALL
NOT HAVE OTHER GODS BEFORE ME.
The first commandment is a prohibition
against idolatry and a call to worship the
ONE living God.
Violations against the
1st commandment:
IDOLATRY
is the worship of an idol or cult image, being
a physical image, such as a statue, or a
person in place of God. In Abrahamic
religions, namely Judaism, Christianity, and
Islam, idolatry connotes the worship of
something or someone other than God as if
it were God.
superstitions
is the deviation of religious feeling and of
the practices this feeling imposes. It can
even affect the worship we offer the true
God, e.g., when one attributes an
importance in some way magical to certain
practices otherwise lawful or necessary
DIVINATION/ MAGIC
All forms of divination are to be rejected:
recourse to Satan or demons, conjuring up
the dead or other practices falsely
supposed to "unveil" the future.
Consulting horoscopes, astrology, palm
reading, interpretation of omens and lots,
the phenomena of clairvoyance, and
recourse to mediums all conceal a desire
for power over time, history, and, in the
last analysis, other human beings, as well
as a wish to conciliate hidden powers. They
contradict the honor, respect, and loving
fear that we owe to God alone.
irregligion
Tempting God consists in putting his
goodness and almighty power to the test
by word or deed.
Sacrilege consists in profaning or treating
unworthily the sacraments and other
liturgical actions, as well as persons,
things, or places consecrated to God.
Simony is defined as the buying or selling
of spiritual things.
To Simon the magician, who wanted to buy
the spiritual power he saw at work in the
apostles, St. Peter responded: "Your silver
perish with you because you thought you
could obtain God's gift with money!".
second commandment:
thou shalt not take the name of the
lord thy god in vain.
The second commandment forbids us to
take the name of the lord in vain.
Background: For the Jewish people, God’s
name was so sacred that it could not be
fully uttered or written down.
Yahweh is a form of the Hebrew name of
God used in the bible.
Violations against the
1st commandment:
BLASPHEMY
It consists in uttering against God - inwardly
or outwardly - words of hatred, reproach, or
defiance; in speaking ill of God; in failing in
respect toward him in one's speech; in
misusing God's name. It is also blasphemous
to make use of God's name to cover up
criminal practices, to reduce peoples to
servitude, to torture persons or put them to
death.
Oaths using the name of God
that which misuses God's name, though
without the intention of blasphemy, shows
a lack of respect for the Lord.
CURSE
is an action that is done to harm another
with the help of demons. There are specific
curses to kill, to cause one to be
possessed, to make things go bad in
business, and to make someone sick, etc. …
Curses are effective only if God allows
them to have an effect. The more one
prays the more one will be protected
against these things.
THIRD commandment:
Remember to keep holy the Sabbath
day.
The third commandment bids us to keep
holy the Sabbath. It reminds us of our duty
to worship God.
Why Do Christians Worship on
Sunday and not Saturday?
For Christians, this observance falls on
Sunday for it is the day of the Lord’s
resurrection. We keep this day holy by
celebrating the Eucharist, the ultimate
expression and experience of our
relationship with god through Jesus’ life,
death and resurrection. A day of grace and
rest from work.
WHY DO WE WORSHIP AND HONOR GOD?
Worship is an essential part of Christian's
faith. Worship is the act of attributing
reverent honor and homage to God.
Christians worship God to thank him for his
love, ask for forgiveness for their sins and
try to understand his 'will' for them. ... 'The'
church is the whole community of
Christians, the people of God, also called
the 'body of Christ'.
FORMS OF WORSHIPPING GOD
ADORATION - To adore God is to
acknowledge him as God, as the Creator
and Savior, the Lord and Master of
everything that exists, as infinite and
merciful Love.
PRAYER - Lifting up the mind toward God
is an expression of our adoration of God:
prayer of praise and thanksgiving,
intercession and petition. Prayer is an
indispensable condition for being able to
obey God's commandments. "[We] ought
always to pray and not lose heart."
SACRIFICE - It is right to offer sacrifice to
God as a sign of adoration and gratitude,
supplication and communion: "Every
action done so as to cling to God in
communion of holiness, and thus achieve
blessedness, is a true sacrifice."