®

Valve Regulated Lead Acid Battery

Technical Manual
 Is brought to you by HBL. The HP series is a premium design Valve Regulated Lead
Acid Battery, with world class features. These features make Triumph-HP the ideal choice for a broad range
of applications. This product has been manufactured under the controls established by a
quality/environmental management system that meets the requirements of ISO 9001 and ISO 14001.

Triumph - HP conforms to the Specifications of :

IEC 60896-21 & 22: 2004

IS 15549: 2005

TEC/GR/TX/BAT-001/04 June 2011

Standards for maintenance

IEEE Std1188TM - IEEE Recommended Practice for Maintenance, Testing and Replacement of
Valve Regulated Lead-Acid (VRLA) Batteries for Stationary Applications

Design and Construction

Positive Plate Negative Plate

Bus Bar Grid

Negative Terminal
Separator

Vent Assembly
Container & Cover

Positive Terminal

Positive Plate: Flat pasted type with specially formulated Lead alloy grid to resist corrosion & for longer life.
Negative Plate: Flat pasted type with lead-calcium alloy grid for maintenance free characteristics.
Container: High impact Polypropylene co-polymer, ribbed jar design for better heat dissipation
and strength.
Separator: Low resistance, high porosity and highly absorbent type glass mat separator (AGM)
Electrolyte: High purity Sulphuric acid to maximize shelf life.
Terminals: High conductivity lead plated inserts.
Safety Valve: Self resealing, pressure regulated.
Container and cover sealing: Heat Sealing Method (Fusion bond) for better joint strength.

‘Triumph-HP’ VRLA Batteries are tested and verified by

Intertek India Pvt. Ltd. As per IEC 60896-21 & 22- 2004

The information provided in this manual is of general nature. In accordance with our policy of
continuous improvement, there may be changes in the data from time to time.
Unique features of Triumph-HP batteries

Features Benefits
Consistent performance and longer life
Horizontal plate stacking Eliminates acid stratification

Ventilated module design Excellent thermal management of battery

Tested as per ANSI T1.330 standard

20 years designed life

Enhancement of battery life by prevention of

Grid growth provision
failure due to grid growth

Applications

Telecommunications Power
Oil and Gas Solar Photovoltaic Systems
Process control systems UPS
Emergency Lighting Railways

Specifications

Type of Charging - Constant Potential with Current Limited to 20%

of the rated capacity in amps
0
Float Voltage - 0
2.250 ± 0.005 VPC at 25 C (77 F)
0 0
Boost Voltage - 2.300 ± 0.005 VPC at 25 C (77 F)
Maximum Limit for AC Ripple - Ripple current shall not exceed 3% RMS w.r.t battery
nominal capacity
Ripple voltage shall not exceed 1% RMS w.r.t battery
nominal voltage rating
0 0
Operating Temperature - -20 C to 55 C
0 0
Float Life at 25 C (77 F) - 20 Years design life on full float with
recommended charging method
0 0
Cycle Life at 25 C (77 F) - 1200 cycles at 80% Depth of Discharge
2000 cycles at 50% Depth of Discharge
4000 cycles at 20% Depth of Discharge

Certifications
BS OHSAS 18001

10
1
 Product Specifications

Nominal No. of Discharge current in Amps Basic Module Dimensions & Weight internal Res
No. of
Model No. Capacity basic cells of each cell
basic Length Depth * Height Weight
8 Hr 5 Hr 3 Hr 1 Hr (± 15%)
(Ah) at C 10 per module modules
(mm) (mm) (mm) (kg) m. Ohm

T-100 HP 100 Ah 12 13 17 27 62 755 381 251 105 1.118 1.85

381 251 132
381 303 161
381 132
381 153
381 178
381 105
381 223 113
381 251 132
381 280 146
381 280 152
T-650 HP 650 Ah 4 --- 81 112 173 401 755 381 295 162 0.225 8.88
776 640 246 216
776 640 246 231
776 640 246 247
776 640 278 269
776 640 278 287
776 640 321 316
776 640 321 327
776 640 321 343
776 640 376 374
776 640 376 387
776 640 376 401
776 640 376 416
776 640 246 247
776 640 278 269
776 640 278 287
776 640 321 316
776 640 321 327
776 640 321 343
776 640 376 374
776 640 376 387
776 640 376 401
776 640 376 416
776 640 321 327
776 640 376 374
776 640 376 387
776 640 376 401
776 640 321 343
776 640 376 387
776 640 376 401
776 640 376 416

Note:
1. * Depth up to cell terminal
2. Dimensions Specified are without bottom mounting arrangements & front covers
3. Dimensions given in the General arrangement drawing will supersede the dimensions mentioned in the catalogue

‘
‘

may

Module Details
Height

10
2 Length
pth
De
 Valve regulated lead acid batteries
Discharge characteristics in Amperes
To 1.67 ECV* To 1.70 ECV*
Discharge in Minutes Discharge in Minutes
Model Nominal
Type Capacity
(AH) at C10 5 10 15 30 60 5 10 15 30 60

T-100 HP 100 179 145 122 87 63 172 139 116 86 62

T-150 HP 150 268 217 183 130 94 259 208 174 128 93
T-200 HP 200 357 290 244 174 126 345 278 233 171 123
T-250 HP 250 446 362 305 217 157 431 347 291 214 154
T-300 HP 300 536 435 366 261 189 517 417 349 256 185
T-350 HP 350 625 507 427 304 220 604 486 407 299 216
T-400 HP 400 714 580 488 348 252 690 556 465 342 247
T-450 HP 450 804 652 549 391 283 776 625 523 385 278
T-500 HP 500 893 725 610 435 314 862 694 581 427 309
T-550 HP 550 982 797 671 478 346 948 764 640 470 340
T-600 HP 600 1071 870 732 522 377 1034 833 698 513 370
T-650 HP 650 1161 942 793 565 409 1121 903 756 556 401
T-680 HP 680 1214 986 829 591 428 1172 944 791 581 420
T-760 HP 760 1357 1101 927 661 478 1310 1056 884 650 469
T-850 HP 850 1518 1232 1037 739 535 1466 1181 988 726 525
T-925 HP 925 1652 1341 1128 804 582 1595 1285 1076 791 571
T-1000 HP 1000 1786 1449 1220 870 629 1724 1389 1163 855 617
T-1100 HP 1100 1964 1594 1341 957 692 1897 1528 1279 940 679
T-1200 HP 1200 2143 1739 1463 1043 755 2069 1667 1395 1026 741
T-1250 HP 1250 2232 1812 1524 1087 786 2155 1736 1453 1068 772
T-1360 HP 1360 2429 1971 1659 1183 855 2345 1889 1581 1162 840
T-1440 HP 1440 2571 2087 1756 1252 906 2483 2000 1674 1231 889
T-1500 HP 1500 2679 2174 1829 1304 943 2586 2083 1744 1282 926
T-1600 HP 1600 2857 2319 1951 1391 1006 2759 2222 1860 1368 988
T-1700 HP 1700 3036 2464 2073 1478 1069 2931 2361 1977 1453 1049
T-1850 HP 1850 3304 2681 2256 1609 1164 3190 2569 2151 1581 1142
T-2000 HP 2000 3571 2899 2439 1739 1258 3448 2778 2326 1709 1235
T-2200 HP 2200 3929 3188 2683 1913 1384 3793 3056 2558 1880 1358
T-2350 HP 2350 4196 3406 2866 2043 1478 4052 3264 2733 2009 1451
T-2500 HP 2500 4464 3623 3049 2174 1572 4310 3472 2907 2137 1543
T-2650 HP 2650 4732 3841 3232 2304 1667 4569 3681 3081 2265 1636
T-2800 HP 2800 5000 4058 3415 2435 1761 4828 3889 3256 2393 1728
T-3000 HP 3000 5357 4348 3659 2609 1887 5172 4167 3488 2564 1852
T-3200 HP 3200 5714 4638 3902 2783 2013 5517 4444 3721 2735 1975
T-3500 HP 3500 6250 5072 4268 3043 2201 6034 4861 4070 2991 2160
T-4000 HP 4000 7143 5797 4878 3478 2516 6897 5556 4651 3419 2469
T-4300 HP 4300 7679 6232 5244 3739 2704 7414 5972 5000 3675 2654
T-4500 HP 4500 8036 6522 5488 3913 2830 7759 6250 5233 3846 2778
T-5000 HP 5000 8929 7246 6098 4348 3145 8621 6944 5814 4274 3086
T-5500 HP 5500 9821 7971 6707 4783 3459 9483 7639 6395 4701 3395
T-5800 HP 5800 10357 8406 7073 5043 3648 10000 8056 6744 4957 3580
T-6000 HP 6000 10714 8696 7317 5217 3774 10345 8333 6977 5128 3704

* ECV - End Cell Voltage

* Performance of a fully charged cell at 250 C (770 F)
* Also Performance of a fully charged cell at 270 C (80.60 F)

10
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 Valve regulated lead acid batteries
Discharge characteristics in Amperes
To 1.75 ECV*

Model Nominal Discharge in Minutes Discharge in Hours

Type Capacity
(AH) at C10 5 10 15 30 1 1.5 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
T-100 HP 100 154 124 105 79 57 44 36 27 21 17 15 13 13 11 10
T-150 HP 150 231 185 158 119 86 65 53 40 32 26 22 20 19 17 16
T-200 HP 200 308 247 211 159 114 87 71 53 42 34 30 27 25 23 21
T-250 HP 250 385 309 263 198 143 109 89 67 53 43 37 33 31 28 26
T-300 HP 300 462 370 316 238 171 130 106 80 63 52 45 40 38 34 31
T-350 HP 350 539 432 368 278 200 152 124 93 74 60 52 47 44 40 36
T-400 HP 400 615 494 421 317 229 174 142 106 84 69 60 53 50 45 41
T-450 HP 450 692 556 474 357 257 196 160 120 95 78 67 60 56 51 46
T-500 HP 500 769 617 526 397 286 217 177 133 105 86 75 67 63 56 51
T-550 HP 550 846 679 579 437 314 239 195 146 116 95 82 73 69 62 57
T-600 HP 600 923 741 632 476 343 261 213 160 126 103 90 80 75 68 62
T-650 HP 650 1000 802 684 516 371 283 230 173 137 112 97 87 81 73 67
T-680 HP 680 1046 840 716 540 389 296 241 181 143 117 101 91 85 77 70
T-760 HP 760 1169 938 800 603 434 330 270 202 160 131 113 101 95 86 78
T-850 HP 850 1308 1049 895 675 486 370 301 226 179 146 127 113 106 96 88
T-925 HP 925 1423 1142 974 734 529 402 328 246 194 159 138 123 116 104 95
T-1000 HP 1000 1538 1235 1053 794 571 435 355 266 210 172 149 133 125 113 103
T-1100 HP 1100 1692 1358 1158 873 629 478 390 293 231 189 164 147 138 124 113
T-1200 HP 1200 1846 1481 1263 952 686 522 426 319 252 207 179 160 150 135 124
T-1250 HP 1250 1923 1543 1316 992 714 543 443 332 263 215 187 167 156 141 129
T-1360 HP 1360 2092 1679 1432 1079 777 591 482 362 286 234 203 181 170 153 140
T-1440 HP 1440 2215 1778 1516 1143 823 626 511 383 303 248 215 192 180 162 148
T-1500 HP 1500 2308 1852 1579 1190 857 652 532 399 315 258 224 200 188 169 154
T-1600 HP 1600 2462 1975 1684 1270 914 696 567 426 336 275 239 213 200 180 165
T-1700 HP 1700 2615 2099 1789 1349 971 739 603 452 357 293 254 227 213 192 175
T-1850 HP 1850 2846 2284 1947 1468 1057 804 656 492 389 318 276 247 231 209 191
T-2000 HP 2000 3077 2469 2105 1587 1143 870 709 532 420 344 299 267 250 225 206
T-2200 HP 2200 3385 2716 2316 1746 1257 957 780 585 462 379 328 293 275 248 227
T-2350 HP 2350 3615 2901 2474 1865 1343 1022 833 625 494 404 351 313 294 265 242
T-2500 HP 2500 3846 3086 2632 1984 1429 1087 887 665 525 430 373 333 313 282 257
T-2650 HP 2650 4077 3272 2789 2103 1514 1152 940 705 557 456 396 353 331 299 273
T-2800 HP 2800 4308 3457 2947 2222 1600 1217 993 745 588 482 418 373 350 316 288
T-3000 HP 3000 4615 3704 3158 2381 1714 1304 1064 798 630 516 448 400 375 338 309
T-3200 HP 3200 4923 3951 3368 2540 1829 1391 1135 851 672 551 478 427 400 361 330
T-3500 HP 3500 5385 4321 3684 2778 2000 1522 1241 931 735 602 522 467 438 395 360
T-4000 HP 4000 6154 4938 4211 3175 2286 1739 1418 1064 840 688 597 533 500 451 412
T-4300 HP 4300 6615 5309 4526 3413 2457 1870 1525 1144 903 740 642 573 538 485 443
T-4500 HP 4500 6923 5556 4737 3571 2571 1957 1596 1197 945 775 672 600 563 507 463
T-5000 HP 5000 7692 6173 5263 3968 2857 2174 1773 1330 1050 861 746 667 625 564 515
T-5500 HP 5500 8462 6790 5789 4365 3143 2391 1950 1463 1155 947 821 733 688 620 566
T-5800 HP 5800 8923 7160 6105 4603 3314 2522 2057 1543 1218 998 866 773 725 654 597
T-6000 HP 6000 9231 7407 6316 4762 3429 2609 2128 1596 1261 1033 896 800 750 676 618

* ECV - End Cell Voltage

0 0
* Performance of a fully charged cell at 25 C (77 F)
* Also Performance of a fully charged cell at 27 C (80.60 F)
0

10
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 Valve regulated lead acid batteries
Discharge characteristics in Amperes
To 1.80 ECV*

Model Nominal Discharge in Minutes Discharge in Hours

Type Capacity
(AH) at C10 5 10 15 30 1 1.5 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
T-100 HP 100 149 119 102 77 56 43 34 26 21 17 15 13 12 11 10
T-150 HP 150 224 179 153 115 84 64 52 38 31 25 22 19 18 16 15
T-200 HP 200 299 238 204 154 112 85 69 51 41 33 29 26 24 22 20
T-250 HP 250 373 298 255 192 141 107 86 64 52 42 36 32 30 27 25
T-300 HP 300 448 357 306 231 169 128 103 77 62 50 43 39 36 32 30
T-350 HP 350 522 417 357 269 197 150 120 90 72 58 51 45 42 38 35
T-400 HP 400 597 476 408 308 225 171 137 102 82 67 58 52 48 43 40
T-450 HP 450 672 536 459 346 253 192 155 115 93 75 65 58 52 49 45
T-500 HP 500 746 595 510 385 281 214 172 128 103 83 72 65 59 54 50
T-550 HP 550 821 655 561 423 309 235 189 141 113 92 80 71 65 59 55
T-600 HP 600 896 714 612 462 337 256 206 153 124 100 87 77 71 65 60
T-650 HP 650 970 774 663 500 365 278 223 166 134 109 94 84 77 70 65
T-680 HP 680 1015 810 694 523 382 291 234 174 140 114 99 88 81 73 68
T-760 HP 760 1134 905 776 585 427 325 261 194 157 127 110 98 90 82 76
T-850 HP 850 1269 1012 867 654 478 363 292 217 175 142 123 110 101 92 85
T-925 HP 925 1381 1101 944 712 520 395 318 237 191 154 134 119 110 100 93
T-1000 HP 1000 1493 1190 1020 769 562 427 344 256 206 167 145 129 119 108 100
T-1100 HP 1100 1642 1310 1122 846 618 470 378 281 227 184 159 142 131 119 110
T-1200 HP 1200 1791 1429 1224 923 674 513 412 307 247 200 174 155 143 129 120
T-1250 HP 1250 1866 1488 1276 962 702 534 430 320 258 209 181 161 148 135 125
T-1360 HP 1360 2030 1619 1388 1046 764 581 467 348 280 227 197 175 162 147 136
T-1440 HP 1440 2149 1714 1469 1108 809 615 495 368 297 240 209 186 171 155 144
T-1500 HP 1500 2239 1786 1531 1154 843 641 515 384 309 250 217 194 178 162 150

T-1600 HP 1600 2388 1905 1633 1231 899 684 550 409 330 267 232 206 190 172 160
T-1700 HP 1700 2537 2024 1735 1308 955 727 584 435 351 284 246 219 202 183 170
T-1850 HP 1850 2761 2202 1888 1423 1039 791 636 473 381 309 268 239 220 199 185
T-2000 HP 2000 2985 2381 2041 1538 1124 855 687 512 412 334 290 258 238 216 200
T-2200 HP 2200 3284 2619 2245 1692 1236 940 756 563 454 367 319 284 261 237 220
T-2350 HP 2350 3507 2798 2398 1808 1320 1004 808 601 485 392 341 303 279 253 235
T-2500 HP 2500 3731 2976 2551 1923 1404 1068 859 639 515 417 362 323 297 269 250
T-2650 HP 2650 3955 3155 2704 2038 1489 1132 911 678 546 442 384 342 315 286 265
T-2800 HP 2800 4179 3333 2857 2154 1573 1197 962 716 577 467 406 361 333 302 280
T-3000 HP 3000 4478 3571 3061 2308 1685 1282 1031 767 619 501 435 387 356 323 300
T-3200 HP 3200 4776 3810 3265 2462 1798 1368 1100 818 660 534 464 413 380 345 320
T-3500 HP 3500 5224 4167 3571 2692 1966 1496 1203 895 722 584 507 452 416 377 350
T-4000 HP 4000 5970 4762 4082 3077 2247 1709 1375 1023 825 668 580 516 475 431 400
T-4300 HP 4300 6418 5119 4388 3308 2416 1838 1478 1100 887 718 623 555 511 463 430
T-4500 HP 4500 6716 5357 4592 3462 2528 1923 1546 1151 928 751 652 581 534 485 450
T-5000 HP 5000 7463 5952 5102 3846 2809 2137 1718 1279 1031 835 725 645 594 539 500
T-5500 HP 5500 8209 6548 5612 4231 3090 2350 1890 1407 1134 918 797 710 653 593 550
T-5800 HP 5800 8657 6905 5918 4462 3258 2479 1993 1483 1196 968 841 748 689 625 580
T-6000 HP 6000 8955 7143 6122 4615 3371 2564 2062 1535 1237 1002 870 774 713 647 600

* ECV - End Cell Voltage.

* Performance of a fully charged cell at 250 C (770 F)
* Also Performance of a fully charged cell at 270 C (80.60 F)

10
5
 Valve regulated lead acid batteries
Discharge characteristics in Amperes
To 1.85 ECV*

Model Nominal Discharge in Minutes Discharge in Hours

Type Capacity
(AH) at C10 5 10 15 30 1 1.5 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
T-100 HP 100 141 114 97 74 53 40 33 24 20 16 14 12 11 10 9
T-150 HP 150 211 171 146 110 80 61 49 37 29 24 21 18 17 15 14
T-200 HP 200 282 227 194 147 106 81 65 49 39 32 27 24 22 20 18
T-250 HP 250 352 284 243 184 133 101 81 61 49 40 34 30 27 25 23
T-300 HP 300 423 341 291 221 160 121 98 73 59 47 41 37 33 30 27
T-350 HP 350 493 398 340 257 186 141 114 85 69 55 48 43 38 35 32
T-400 HP 400 563 455 388 294 213 161 130 98 78 63 55 49 44 40 36
T-450 HP 450 634 511 437 331 239 182 147 110 88 71 62 55 49 45 41
T-500 HP 500 704 568 485 368 266 202 163 122 98 79 68 61 55 50 45
T-550 HP 550 775 625 534 404 293 222 179 134 108 87 75 67 60 55 50
T-600 HP 600 845 682 583 441 319 242 195 146 118 95 82 73 66 60 54
T-650 HP 650 915 739 631 478 346 262 212 159 127 103 89 79 71 65 59
T-680 HP 680 958 773 660 500 362 274 221 166 133 107 93 83 75 68 62
T-760 HP 760 1070 864 738 559 404 306 248 185 149 120 104 93 83 76 69
T-850 HP 850 1197 966 825 625 452 343 277 207 167 134 116 104 93 85 77
T-925 HP 925 1303 1051 898 680 492 373 301 226 181 146 127 113 101 92 84
T-1000 HP 1000 1408 1136 971 735 532 403 326 244 196 158 137 122 110 100 91
T-1100 HP 1100 1549 1250 1068 809 585 444 358 268 216 174 151 134 121 110 100
T-1200 HP 1200 1690 1364 1165 882 638 484 391 293 235 190 164 146 132 120 109
T-1250 HP 1250 1761 1420 1214 919 665 504 407 305 245 197 171 152 137 125 113
T-1360 HP 1360 1915 1545 1320 1000 723 548 443 332 267 215 186 166 149 135 123
T-1440 HP 1440 2028 1636 1398 1059 766 581 469 351 282 227 197 176 158 143 130
T-1500 HP 1500 2113 1705 1456 1103 798 605 489 366 294 237 205 183 164 149 136
T-1600 HP 1600 2254 1818 1553 1176 851 645 521 390 314 253 219 195 175 159 145
T-1700 HP 1700 2394 1932 1650 1250 904 685 554 415 333 269 233 207 186 169 154
T-1850 HP 1850 2606 2102 1796 1360 984 746 603 451 363 292 253 226 203 184 168
T-2000 HP 2000 2817 2273 1942 1471 1064 806 651 488 392 316 274 244 219 199 181
T-2200 HP 2200 3099 2500 2136 1618 1170 887 717 537 431 348 301 268 241 219 199
T-2350 HP 2350 3310 2670 2282 1728 1250 948 765 573 461 371 322 287 258 234 213
T-2500 HP 2500 3521 2841 2427 1838 1330 1008 814 610 490 395 342 305 274 249 226
T-2650 HP 2650 3732 3011 2573 1949 1410 1069 863 646 520 419 363 323 291 264 240
T-2800 HP 2800 3944 3182 2718 2059 1489 1129 912 683 549 442 384 341 307 279 254
T-3000 HP 3000 4225 3409 2913 2206 1596 1210 977 732 588 474 411 366 329 299 272
T-3200 HP 3200 4507 3636 3107 2353 1702 1290 1042 780 627 506 438 390 351 319 290
T-3500 HP 3500 4930 3977 3398 2574 1862 1411 1140 854 686 553 479 427 384 349 317
T-4000 HP 4000 5634 4545 3883 2941 2128 1613 1303 976 784 632 548 488 439 398 362
T-4300 HP 4300 6056 4886 4175 3162 2287 1734 1401 1049 843 679 589 524 471 428 389
T-4500 HP 4500 6338 5114 4369 3309 2394 1815 1466 1098 882 711 616 549 493 448 408
T-5000 HP 5000 7042 5682 4854 3676 2660 2016 1629 1220 980 790 685 610 548 498 453
T-5500 HP 5500 7746 6250 5340 4044 2926 2218 1792 1341 1078 869 753 671 603 548 498
T-5800 HP 5800 8169 6591 5631 4265 3085 2339 1889 1415 1137 916 795 707 636 578 525
T-6000 HP 6000 8451 6818 5825 4412 3191 2419 1954 1463 1176 948 822 732 658 598 543

* ECV - End Cell Voltage.

* Performance of a fully charged cell at 250 C (770 F)
* Also Performance of a fully charged cell at 270 C (80.60 F)

10
6
 Valve regulated lead acid batteries
Discharge characteristics in Amperes
To 1.90 ECV*

Model Nominal Discharge in Minutes Discharge in Hours

Type Capacity
(AH) at C10 5 10 15 30 1 1.5 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
T-100 HP 100 132 105 90 68 49 38 30 23 18 15 13 11 10 9 8
T-150 HP 150 197 158 135 102 74 56 45 34 27 22 19 17 15 14 13
T-200 HP 200 263 211 180 136 98 75 60 45 36 29 25 23 20 18 17
T-250 HP 250 329 263 225 170 123 94 76 57 46 37 32 28 25 23 21
T-300 HP 300 395 316 270 204 147 112 91 68 55 44 38 34 30 27 25
T-350 HP 350 461 368 315 238 172 131 106 79 64 51 45 40 36 32 29
T-400 HP 400 526 421 360 272 196 150 121 90 73 58 51 45 41 37 33
T-450HP 450 592 474 405 306 221 169 136 102 82 66 57 51 46 41 38
T-500 HP 500 658 526 450 340 245 187 151 113 91 73 64 56 51 46 42
T-550 HP 550 724 579 496 374 270 206 166 124 100 80 70 62 56 50 46
T-600 HP 600 789 632 541 408 294 225 181 136 109 88 76 68 61 55 50
T-650 HP 650 855 684 586 442 319 243 196 147 118 95 83 73 66 59 54
T-680 HP 680 895 716 613 463 333 255 205 154 124 99 87 77 69 62 57
T-760 HP 760 1000 800 685 517 373 285 230 172 138 111 97 86 77 69 63
T-850 HP 850 1118 895 766 578 417 318 257 192 155 124 108 96 86 78 71
T-925 HP 925 1217 974 833 629 453 346 279 209 168 135 118 105 94 84 77
T-1000 HP 1000 1316 1053 901 680 490 375 302 226 182 146 127 113 102 91 83
T-1100 HP 1100 1447 1158 991 748 539 412 332 249 200 161 140 124 112 100 92
T-1200 HP 1200 1579 1263 1081 816 588 449 363 271 219 175 153 136 122 110 100
T-1250 HP 1250 1645 1316 1126 850 613 468 378 283 228 182 159 141 127 114 104
T-1360 HP 1360 1789 1432 1225 925 667 509 411 308 248 199 173 154 138 124 113
T-1440 HP 1440 1895 1516 1297 980 706 539 435 326 262 210 183 163 146 132 120
T-1500HP 1500 1974 1579 1351 1020 735 562 453 339 273 219 191 169 152 137 125
T-1600 HP 1600 2105 1684 1441 1088 784 599 483 362 291 234 204 181 162 146 133
T-1700 HP 1700 2237 1789 1531 1156 833 636 514 385 310 248 217 192 173 155 142
T-1850 HP 1850 2434 1947 1667 1259 907 693 559 419 337 270 236 209 188 169 154
T-2000 HP 2000 2632 2105 1802 1361 980 749 604 452 364 292 255 226 203 183 167
T-2200HP 2200 2895 2316 1982 1497 1078 824 665 498 401 321 280 249 223 201 183
T-2350HP 2350 3092 2474 2117 1599 1152 880 710 532 428 343 299 266 239 215 196
T-2500 HP 2500 3289 2632 2252 1701 1225 936 755 566 455 365 318 282 254 228 208
T-2650HP 2650 3487 2789 2387 1803 1299 993 801 600 483 387 338 299 269 242 221
T-2800 HP 2800 3684 2947 2523 1905 1373 1049 846 633 510 409 357 316 284 256 233
T-3000 HP 3000 3947 3158 2703 2041 1471 1124 906 679 546 438 382 339 305 274 250
T-3200 HP 3200 4211 3368 2883 2177 1569 1198 967 724 583 467 408 362 325 292 267
T-3500 HP 3500 4605 3684 3153 2381 1716 1311 1057 792 638 511 446 395 355 320 292
T-4000 HP 4000 5263 4211 3604 2721 1961 1498 1208 905 729 584 510 452 406 365 333
T-4300 HP 4300 5658 4526 3874 2925 2108 1610 1299 973 783 628 548 486 437 393 358
T-4500HP 4500 5921 4737 4054 3061 2206 1685 1360 1018 820 657 573 508 457 411 375
T-5000HP 5000 6579 5263 4505 3401 2451 1873 1511 1131 911 730 637 565 508 457 417
T-5500HP 5500 7237 5789 4955 3741 2696 2060 1662 1244 1002 803 701 621 558 502 458
T-5800 HP 5800 7632 6105 5225 3946 2843 2172 1752 1312 1056 847 739 655 589 530 483
T-6000 HP 6000 7895 6316 5405 4082 2941 2247 1813 1357 1093 876 764 678 609 548 500

* ECV - End Cell Voltage.

* Performance of a fully charged cell at 250 C (770 F)
* Also Performance of a fully charged cell at 270 C (80.60 F)

10
7
 Valve regulated lead acid batteries
Discharge characteristics in Amperes for long duration discharges.
1.75 ECV* 1.80ECV*
Nominal Discharge in Hours Discharge in Hours
Model Capacity
Type 20 48 100 120 20 48 100 120
(AH) at C10 24 72 24 72
T-100 HP 100 5.5 4.8 2.7 1.9 1.4 1.3 5.4 4.6 2.6 1.8 1.3 1.2
T-150 HP 150 8.3 7.2 4.1 2.8 2.1 1.9 8.0 6.9 3.9 2.7 2.0 1.8
T-200 HP 200 11.0 9.6 5.4 3.8 2.8 2.6 10.7 9.2 5.2 3.6 2.7 2.4
T-250 HP 250 13.8 12.0 6.8 4.7 3.5 3.2 13.4 11.5 6.5 4.5 3.4 3.0
T-300 HP 300 16.5 14.4 8.1 5.7 4.2 3.8 16.1 13.8 7.8 5.5 4.0 3.6
T-350 HP 350 19.3 16.8 9.5 6.6 4.9 4.5 18.8 16.0 9.1 6.4 4.7 4.3
T-400 HP 400 22.0 19.2 10.9 7.6 5.6 5.1 21.4 18.3 10.4 7.3 5.4 4.9
T-450 HP 450 24.8 21.6 12.2 8.5 6.3 5.7 24.1 20.6 11.7 8.2 6.1 5.5
T-500 HP 500 27.5 24.0 13.6 9.5 7.0 6.4 26.8 22.9 13.0 9.1 6.7 6.1
T-550 HP 550 30.3 26.4 14.9 10.4 7.7 7.0 29.5 25.2 14.3 10.0 7.4 6.7
T-600 HP 600 33.0 28.7 16.3 11.4 8.4 7.7 32.2 27.5 15.6 10.9 8.1 7.3
T-650 HP 650 35.8 31.1 17.6 12.3 9.1 8.3 34.9 29.8 16.9 11.8 8.7 7.9
T-680 HP 680 37.4 32.6 18.5 12.9 9.5 8.7 36.5 31.2 17.7 12.4 9.2 8.3
T-760 HP 760 41.8 36.4 20.6 14.4 10.6 9.7 40.8 34.8 19.8 13.8 10.2 9.2
T-850 HP 850 46.7 40.7 23.1 16.1 11.9 10.8 45.6 39.0 22.1 15.5 11.4 10.3
T-925 HP 925 50.9 44.3 25.1 17.5 12.9 11.8 49.6 42.4 24.1 16.8 12.5 11.2
T-1000 HP 1000 55.0 47.9 27.1 18.9 14.0 12.8 53.6 45.9 26.1 18.2 13.5 12.1
T-1100 HP 1100 60.5 52.7 29.9 20.8 15.4 14.0 59.0 50.4 28.7 20.0 14.8 13.4
T-1200 HP 1200 66.0 57.5 32.6 22.7 16.8 15.3 64.3 55.0 31.3 21.8 16.2 14.6
T-1250 HP 1250 68.8 59.9 33.9 23.7 17.5 15.9 67.0 57.3 32.6 22.7 16.8 15.2
T-1360 HP 1360 74.8 65.2 36.9 25.8 19.0 17.3 72.9 62.4 35.4 24.7 18.3 16.5
T-1440 HP 1440 79.2 69.0 39.1 27.3 20.2 18.4 77.2 66.0 37.5 26.2 19.4 17.5
T-1500 HP 1500 82.5 71.9 40.7 28.4 21.0 19.1 80.4 68.8 39.1 27.3 20.2 18.2
T-1600 HP 1600 88.0 76.7 43.4 30.3 22.4 20.4 85.8 73.4 41.7 29.1 21.5 19.4
T-1700 HP 1700 93.5 81.5 46.1 32.2 23.8 21.7 91.1 77.9 44.3 30.9 22.9 20.6
T-1850 HP 1850 101.8 88.6 50.2 35.0 25.9 23.6 99.2 84.8 48.2 33.7 24.9 22.5
T-2000 HP 2000 110.0 95.8 54.3 37.9 28.0 25.5 107.2 91.7 52.1 36.4 26.9 24.3
T-2200 HP 2200 121.0 105.4 59.7 41.7 30.8 28.1 118.0 100.9 57.3 40.0 29.6 26.7
T-2350 HP 2350 129.3 112.6 63.8 44.5 32.9 30.0 126.0 107.7 61.2 42.8 31.6 28.5
T-2500 HP 2500 137.5 119.8 67.9 47.3 35.0 31.9 134.0 114.6 65.1 45.5 33.7 30.4
T-2650 HP 2650 145.8 127.0 71.9 50.2 37.1 33.8 142.1 121.5 69.0 48.2 35.7 32.2
T-2800 HP 2800 154.0 134.2 76.0 53.0 39.2 35.7 150.1 128.4 73.0 51.0 37.7 34.0
T-3000 HP 3000 165.0 143.7 81.4 56.8 42.0 38.3 160.9 137.6 78.2 54.6 40.4 36.4
T-3200 HP 3200 176.0 153.3 86.9 60.6 44.8 40.8 171.6 146.7 83.4 58.2 43.1 38.9
T-3500 HP 3500 192.5 167.7 95.0 66.3 49.0 44.6 187.7 160.5 91.2 63.7 47.1 42.5
T-4000 HP 4000 220.0 191.7 108.6 75.8 56.0 51.0 214.5 183.4 104.2 72.8 53.8 48.6
T-4300 HP 4300 236.5 206.0 116.7 81.4 60.2 54.8 230.6 197.2 112.0 78.3 57.9 52.2
T-4500HP 4500 247.5 215.6 122.1 85.2 63.0 57.4 241.3 206.3 117.2 81.9 60.6 54.6
T-5000 HP 5000 275.0 239.6 135.7 94.7 70.0 63.8 268.1 229.3 130.3 91.0 67.3 60.7
T-5500 HP 5500 302.5 263.5 149.3 104.2 77.0 70.1 294.9 252.2 143.3 100.1 74.0 66.8
T-5800 HP 5800 319.0 277.9 157.4 109.8 81.2 74.0 311.0 265.9 151.1 105.6 78.1 70.4
T-6000 HP 6000 330.0 287.5 162.9 113.6 84.0 76.5 321.7 275.1 156.3 109.2 80.8 72.9

* ECV - End Cell Voltage.

* Performance of a fully charged cell at 250 C (770 F)
* Also Performance of a fully charged cell at 270 C (80.60 F)

10
8
 Valve regulated lead acid batteries
Discharge characteristics in Amperes for long duration discharges.
1.85 ECV* 1.90ECV*
Nominal Discharge in Hours Discharge in Hours
Model Capacity
Type (AH) at C10 20 24 48 72 100 120 20 24 48 72 100 120
T-100 HP 100 5.0 4.4 2.5 1.7 1.3 1.1 4.6 3.9 2.2 1.6 1.2 1.1
T-150 HP 150 7.5 6.6 3.7 2.6 1.9 1.7 6.9 5.9 3.4 2.4 1.8 1.6
T-200 HP 200 10.0 8.7 4.9 3.4 2.5 2.3 9.2 7.9 4.5 3.2 2.3 2.1
T-250 HP 250 12.5 10.9 6.1 4.3 3.1 2.8 11.5 9.8 5.6 3.9 2.9 2.7
T-300 HP 300 15.0 13.1 7.4 5.1 3.8 3.4 13.7 11.8 6.7 4.7 3.5 3.2
T-350 HP 350 17.5 15.3 8.6 6.0 4.4 4.0 16.0 13.8 7.9 5.5 4.1 3.7
T-400 HP 400 20.0 17.5 9.8 6.8 5.0 4.6 18.3 15.7 9.0 6.3 4.7 4.2
T-450 HP 450 22.5 19.7 11.0 7.7 5.7 5.1 20.6 17.7 10.1 7.1 5.3 4.8
T-500 HP 500 25.1 21.9 12.3 8.5 6.3 5.7 22.9 19.7 11.2 7.9 5.8 5.3
T-550 HP 550 27.6 24.0 13.5 9.4 6.9 6.3 25.2 21.7 12.4 8.7 6.4 5.8
T-600 HP 600 30.1 26.2 14.7 10.2 7.5 6.8 27.5 23.6 13.5 9.5 7.0 6.4
T-650 HP 650 32.6 28.4 15.9 11.1 8.2 7.4 29.8 25.6 14.6 10.2 7.6 6.9
T-680 HP 680 34.1 29.7 16.7 11.6 8.5 7.7 31.2 26.8 15.3 10.7 7.9 7.2
T-760 HP 760 38.1 33.2 18.6 12.9 9.5 8.7 34.8 29.9 17.1 12.0 8.9 8.1
T-850 HP 850 42.6 37.1 20.8 14.5 10.7 9.7 39.0 33.5 19.1 13.4 9.9 9.0
T-925 HP 925 46.3 40.4 22.7 15.8 11.6 10.5 42.4 36.4 20.8 14.6 10.8 9.8
T-1000 HP 1000 50.1 43.7 24.5 17.0 12.6 11.4 45.8 39.4 22.5 15.8 11.7 10.6
T-1100 HP 1100 55.1 48.1 27.0 18.7 13.8 12.5 50.4 43.3 24.7 17.3 12.8 11.7
T-1200 HP 1200 60.1 52.4 29.4 20.4 15.1 13.7 55.0 47.2 27.0 18.9 14.0 12.7
T-1250 HP 1250 62.6 54.6 30.6 21.3 15.7 14.2 57.3 49.2 28.1 19.7 14.6 13.3
T-1360 HP 1360 68.1 59.4 33.3 23.2 17.1 15.5 62.3 53.5 30.6 21.4 15.9 14.4
T-1440 HP 1440 72.1 62.9 35.3 24.5 18.1 16.4 66.0 56.7 32.4 22.7 16.8 15.3
T-1500 HP 1500 75.2 65.6 36.8 25.6 18.8 17.1 68.7 59.1 33.7 23.6 17.5 15.9
T-1600 HP 1600 80.2 69.9 39.2 27.3 20.1 18.2 73.3 63.0 36.0 25.2 18.7 17.0
T-1700 HP 1700 85.2 74.3 41.7 29.0 21.4 19.3 77.9 66.9 38.2 26.8 19.8 18.1
T-1850 HP 1850 92.7 80.9 45.4 31.5 23.2 21.1 84.8 72.8 41.6 29.1 21.6 19.7
T-2000 HP 2000 100.2 87.4 49.0 34.1 25.1 22.8 91.7 78.7 45.0 31.5 23.3 21.2
T-2200 HP 2200 110.2 96.2 53.9 37.5 27.6 25.0 100.8 86.6 49.5 34.7 25.7 23.4
T-2350 HP 2350 117.7 102.7 57.6 40.0 29.5 26.8 107.7 92.5 52.9 37.0 27.4 25.0
T-2500 HP 2500 125.3 109.3 61.3 42.6 31.4 28.5 114.6 98.4 56.2 39.4 29.2 26.6
T-2650 HP 2650 132.8 115.8 65.0 45.1 33.3 30.2 121.4 104.3 59.6 41.7 30.9 28.2
T-2800 HP 2800 140.3 122.4 68.6 47.7 35.2 31.9 128.3 110.2 63.0 44.1 32.7 29.7
T-3000 HP 3000 150.3 131.1 73.5 51.1 37.7 34.2 137.5 118.1 67.5 47.3 35.0 31.9
T-3200 HP 3200 160.3 139.9 78.4 54.5 40.2 36.4 146.6 126.0 72.0 50.4 37.3 34.0
T-3500 HP 3500 175.4 153.0 85.8 59.6 44.0 39.8 160.4 137.8 78.7 55.1 40.8 37.2
T-4000 HP 4000 200.4 174.8 98.1 68.1 50.3 45.5 183.3 157.5 90.0 63.0 46.7 42.5
T-4300 HP 4300 215.4 187.9 105.4 73.3 54.0 49.0 197.1 169.3 96.7 67.7 50.2 45.7
T-4500HP 4500 225.5 196.7 110.3 76.7 56.5 51.2 206.2 177.2 101.2 70.9 52.5 47.8
T-5000 HP 5000 250.5 218.5 122.6 85.2 62.8 56.9 229.1 196.9 112.5 78.8 58.3 53.1
T-5500 HP 5500 275.6 240.4 134.8 93.7 69.1 62.6 252.1 216.5 123.7 86.6 64.2 58.4
T-5800 HP 5800 290.6 253.5 142.2 98.8 72.9 66.0 265.8 228.3 130.5 91.4 67.7 61.6
T-6000 HP 6000 300.6 262.2 147.1 102.2 75.4 68.3 275.0 236.2 135.0 94.5 70.0 63.7

* ECV - End Cell Voltage.

* Performance of a fully charged cell at 250 C (770 F)
* Also Performance of a fully charged cell at 270 C (80.60 F)

10
9
 Valve regulated lead acid batteries
Discharge characteristics in Watts
1.67 ECV* 1.70 ECV*
Nominal Discharge in Minutes Discharge in Minutes
Model Capacity
Type (AH) at C10 5 10 15 30 60 5 10 15 30 60
T-100 HP 100 306 255 220 160 118 305 251 213 159 117
T-150 HP 150 458 383 331 241 178 458 377 320 239 176
T-200 HP 200 611 510 441 321 237 610 502 426 318 234
T-250 HP 250 764 638 551 401 296 763 628 533 398 292
T-300 HP 300 917 765 661 481 355 916 753 640 477 350
T-350 HP 350 1069 893 772 561 415 1068 878 746 557 409
T-400 HP 400 1222 1021 882 641 474 1221 1003 853 636 467
T-450 HP 450 1375 1148 992 721 533 1374 1129 959 716 526
T-500 HP 500 1528 1276 1102 801 592 1527 1254 1066 795 584
T-550 HP 550 1681 1403 1212 882 651 1679 1380 1172 875 643
T-600 HP 600 1834 1531 1322 962 710 1832 1505 1279 955 701
T-650 HP 650 1986 1659 1432 1042 770 1985 1631 1386 1034 759
T-680 HP 680 2078 1735 1499 1090 805 2077 1706 1450 1082 794
T-760 HP 760 2323 1939 1675 1218 900 2321 1907 1620 1209 888
T-850 HP 850 2598 2169 1873 1362 1006 2596 2132 1812 1352 993
T-925 HP 925 2827 2360 2039 1482 1095 2825 2321 1972 1472 1081
T-1000 HP 1000 3056 2552 2204 1603 1184 3054 2509 2132 1591 1168
T-1100 HP 1100 3362 2807 2424 1763 1302 3359 2760 2345 1750 1285
T-1200 HP 1200 3667 3062 2645 1923 1421 3664 3010 2558 1909 1402
T-1250 HP 1250 3820 3190 2755 2003 1480 3817 3136 2665 1989 1460
T-1360 HP 1360 4156 3470 2997 2179 1610 4153 3412 2899 2164 1589
T-1440 HP 1440 4401 3674 3173 2308 1705 4397 3612 3070 2291 1682
T-1500 HP 1500 4584 3827 3306 2404 1776 4581 3763 3198 2386 1752
T-1600 HP 1600 4890 4083 3526 2564 1894 4886 4014 3411 2545 1869
T-1700 HP 1700 5195 4338 3746 2724 2013 5191 4265 3624 2705 1986
T-1850 HP 1850 5654 4721 4077 2965 2190 5649 4641 3944 2943 2161
T-2000 HP 2000 6112 5103 4408 3205 2368 6107 5017 4264 3182 2336
T-2200 HP 2200 6723 5614 4848 3526 2605 6718 5519 4690 3500 2570
T-2350 HP 2350 7182 5996 5179 3766 2782 7176 5895 5010 3739 2745
T-2500 HP 2500 7640 6379 5510 4006 2960 7634 6272 5329 3977 2920
T-2650 HP 2650 8098 6762 5840 4247 3137 8092 6648 5649 4216 3096
T-2800 HP 2800 8557 7145 6171 4487 3315 8550 7024 5969 4454 3271
T-3000 HP 3000 9168 7655 6611 4808 3552 9161 7526 6395 4773 3505
T-3200 HP 3200 9779 8165 7052 5128 3788 9772 8028 6821 5091 3738
T-3500 HP 3500 10696 8931 7713 5609 4144 10688 8780 7461 5568 4089
T-4000 HP 4000 12224 10207 8815 6410 4736 12215 10035 8527 6364 4673
T-4300 HP 4300 13141 10972 9476 6891 5091 13131 10787 9167 6841 5023
T-4500 HP 4500 13752 11482 9917 7211 5328 13742 11289 9593 7159 5257
T-5000 HP 5000 15280 12758 11019 8013 5919 15269 12543 10659 7954 5841
T-5500 HP 5500 16808 14034 12121 8814 6511 16796 13798 11725 8750 6425
T-5800 HP 5800 17725 14799 12782 9295 6867 17712 14550 12364 9227 6776
T-6000 HP 6000 18336 15309 13223 9615 7104 18323 15052 12790 9545 7009

* ECV - End Cell Voltage.

* Performance of a fully charged cell at 250 C (770 F)
* Also Performance of a fully charged cell at 270 C (80.60 F)

10
 Valve regulated lead acid batteries
Discharge characteristics in Watts
To 1.75 ECV*
Model Nominal Discharge in Minutes Discharge in Hours
Type Capacity
(AH) at C10 5 10 15 30 1 1.5 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
T-100 HP 100 275 224 200 149 108 83 68 51 43 33 29 26 24 22 21
T-150 HP 150 414 337 299 224 162 124 101 77 65 50 43 38 37 35 30
T-200 HP 200 551 449 399 298 216 165 135 102 86 66 57 51 49 43 40
T-250 HP 250 688 561 499 373 271 207 169 127 108 83 71 63 61 54 50
T-300 HP 300 826 673 599 447 325 248 203 152 129 99 85 76 73 65 60
T-350 HP 350 963 785 698 522 379 290 237 178 151 116 100 89 86 75 70
T-400 HP 400 1101 897 798 596 433 331 271 203 172 132 114 102 98 86 80
T-450 HP 450 1239 1010 898 671 487 373 305 229 194 149 128 114 110 97 90
T-500 HP 500 1377 1122 998 745 541 414 339 254 215 165 142 127 122 108 100
T-550 HP 550 1514 1234 1097 820 595 455 372 280 237 182 157 140 134 118 110
T-600 HP 600 1652 1346 1197 894 649 496 406 305 258 198 171 153 146 129 120
T-650 HP 650 1790 1458 1297 968 703 538 440 330 279 215 185 166 158 140 131
T-680 HP 680 1872 1525 1357 1013 736 563 460 345 292 225 194 173 166 147 137
T-760 HP 760 2092 1705 1516 1132 822 629 515 386 326 251 216 194 185 164 153
T-850 HP 850 2340 1907 1696 1266 920 703 576 432 365 281 242 217 207 183 171
T-925 HP 925 2547 2075 1846 1378 1001 765 626 470 397 305 263 236 226 199 186
T-1000 HP 1000 2753 2243 1995 1489 1082 827 677 508 429 330 285 255 244 216 201
T-1100 HP 1100 3029 2468 2195 1638 1190 910 745 559 472 363 313 280 268 237 221
T-1200 HP 1200 3304 2692 2394 1787 1298 993 813 610 515 396 341 306 293 259 241
T-1250 HP 1250 3442 2804 2494 1862 1352 1034 846 635 537 413 356 318 305 269 251
T-1360 HP 1360 3744 3051 2713 2026 1471 1125 921 691 584 449 387 346 332 293 273
T-1440 HP 1440 3965 3230 2873 2145 1558 1192 975 731 618 476 410 367 351 310 289
T-1500 HP 1500 4130 3365 2993 2234 1623 1241 1016 762 644 495 427 382 366 323 301
T-1600 HP 1600 4405 3589 3192 2383 1731 1324 1083 813 687 528 455 408 390 345 321
T-1700 HP 1700 4681 3813 3392 2532 1839 1407 1151 863 730 561 484 433 414 366 341
T-1850 HP 1850 5094 4150 3691 2755 2001 1531 1253 940 794 611 526 471 451 399 371
T-2000 HP 2000 5507 4486 3990 2979 2164 1655 1354 1016 858 660 569 509 488 431 402
T-2200 HP 2200 6057 4935 4389 3277 2380 1820 1490 1117 944 726 626 560 536 474 442
T-2350 HP 2350 6470 5272 4689 3500 2542 1945 1591 1194 1009 776 669 599 573 506 472
T-2500 HP 2500 6883 5608 4988 3724 2705 2069 1693 1270 1073 826 711 637 610 539 502
T-2650 HP 2650 7296 5945 5287 3947 2867 2193 1794 1346 1137 875 754 675 646 571 532
T-2800 HP 2800 7709 6281 5586 4170 3029 2317 1896 1422 1202 925 797 713 683 603 562
T-3000 HP 3000 8260 6730 5985 4468 3246 2482 2031 1524 1288 991 854 764 731 647 602
T-3200 HP 3200 8810 7178 6385 4766 3462 2648 2167 1625 1373 1056 910 815 779 690 642
T-3500 HP 3500 9636 7851 6983 5213 3786 2896 2370 1778 1502 1156 996 892 853 754 703
T-4000 HP 4000 11013 8973 7981 5958 4327 3310 2709 2032 1717 1321 1138 1019 975 862 803
T-4300 HP 4300 11839 9646 8579 6405 4652 3558 2912 2184 1846 1420 1224 1095 1048 927 863
T-4500 HP 4500 12390 10094 8978 6703 4868 3724 3047 2286 1931 1486 1281 1146 1097 970 904
T-5000 HP 5000 13766 11216 9976 7447 5409 4137 3386 2540 2146 1651 1423 1274 1219 1078 1004
T-5500 HP 5500 15143 12338 10973 8192 5950 4551 3724 2794 2361 1816 1565 1401 1341 1185 1104
T-5800 HP 5800 15969 13011 11572 8639 6275 4799 3928 2946 2489 1915 1651 1477 1414 1250 1165
T-6000 HP 6000 16519 13459 11971 8936 6491 4965 4062 3048 2575 1981 1707 1528 1462 1292 1204

* ECV - End Cell Voltage.

* Performance of a fully charged cell at 250 C (770 F)
* Also Performance of a fully charged cell at 270 C (80.60 F)

10
11
 Valve regulated lead acid batteries
Discharge characteristics in Watts
1.80 ECV*

Model Nominal Discharge in Minutes Discharge in Hours

Type Capacity
(AH) at C10 5 10 15 30 1 1.5 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
T-100 HP 100 270 218 194 145 107 82 66 49 40 32 28 25 23 21 20
T-150 HP 150 404 328 292 218 161 123 99 74 60 49 42 38 35 35 29
T-200 HP 200 539 437 389 290 214 164 132 98 79 65 56 50 46 42 39
T-250 HP 250 674 546 486 363 267 205 165 123 99 81 71 62 58 53 49
T-300 HP 300 809 655 583 435 320 246 198 147 119 97 85 74 69 63 59
T-350 HP 350 943 764 681 508 374 287 231 172 139 114 99 87 81 74 69
T-400 HP 400 1078 873 778 580 427 328 264 197 159 130 113 99 92 84 79
T-450 HP 450 1213 982 875 653 481 368 297 221 178 146 127 112 104 95 88
T-500 HP 500 1348 1091 972 725 534 409 330 246 198 162 141 124 115 105 98
T-550 HP 550 1482 1201 1070 798 588 450 363 270 218 178 155 137 127 116 108
T-600 HP 600 1617 1310 1167 870 641 491 396 295 238 194 169 149 138 126 118
T-650 HP 650 1752 1419 1264 942 694 532 429 319 258 210 183 161 150 137 128
T-680 HP 680 1833 1484 1322 986 726 557 448 334 270 220 192 169 157 143 134
T-760 HP 760 2048 1659 1478 1102 812 622 501 374 301 246 214 189 175 160 150
T-850 HP 850 2291 1855 1653 1232 908 696 560 418 337 275 240 211 196 179 167
T-925 HP 925 2493 2019 1798 1341 988 757 610 455 367 300 261 230 213 194 182
T-1000 HP 1000 2695 2183 1944 1450 1068 819 659 492 396 324 282 248 231 210 197
T-1100 HP 1100 2965 2401 2139 1595 1175 901 725 541 436 356 310 273 254 231 216
T-1200 HP 1200 3234 2619 2333 1740 1282 983 791 590 476 389 338 298 277 252 236
T-1250 HP 1250 3369 2728 2430 1812 1335 1023 824 614 495 405 352 310 289 263 246
T-1360 HP 1360 3666 2968 2644 1971 1453 1114 897 668 539 440 383 337 314 286 268
T-1440 HP 1440 3881 3143 2800 2087 1538 1179 949 708 571 466 406 357 332 302 283
T-1500 HP 1500 4043 3274 2916 2174 1602 1228 989 737 595 486 423 372 346 315 295
T-1600 HP 1600 4312 3492 3111 2319 1709 1310 1055 786 634 518 451 397 369 336 315
T-1700 HP 1700 4582 3710 3305 2464 1816 1392 1121 836 674 551 479 422 392 357 335
T-1850 HP 1850 4986 4038 3597 2682 1976 1515 1220 909 733 599 521 459 427 389 364
T-2000 HP 2000 5390 4365 3889 2899 2136 1638 1319 983 793 648 564 496 462 420 394
T-2200 HP 2200 5930 4802 4278 3189 2350 1801 1450 1081 872 712 620 546 508 462 433
T-2350 HP 2350 6334 5129 4569 3407 2510 1924 1549 1155 931 761 662 583 542 494 462
T-2500 HP 2500 6738 5456 4861 3624 2671 2047 1648 1229 991 810 705 620 577 525 492
T-2650 HP 2650 7142 5784 5152 3841 2831 2170 1747 1303 1050 858 747 658 612 557 522
T-2800 HP 2800 7547 6111 5444 4059 2991 2293 1846 1376 1110 907 789 695 646 588 551
T-3000 HP 3000 8086 6548 5833 4349 3205 2456 1978 1475 1189 971 845 744 692 630 590
T-3200 HP 3200 8625 6984 6222 4639 3418 2620 2110 1573 1268 1036 902 794 738 672 629
T-3500 HP 3500 9433 7639 6805 5074 3739 2866 2308 1720 1387 1133 986 868 808 735 689
T-4000 HP 4000 10781 8730 7777 5798 4273 3275 2637 1966 1585 1295 1127 993 923 840 787
T-4300 HP 4300 11590 9385 8361 6233 4593 3521 2835 2114 1704 1392 1212 1067 992 903 846
T-4500 HP 4500 12129 9821 8749 6523 4807 3684 2967 2212 1784 1457 1268 1117 1039 945 886
T-5000 HP 5000 13476 10913 9722 7248 5341 4094 3297 2458 1982 1619 1409 1241 1154 1050 984
T-5500 HP 5500 14824 12004 10694 7973 5875 4503 3626 2703 2180 1781 1550 1365 1269 1155 1082

T-5800 HP 5800 15632 12659 11277 8408 6196 4749 3824 2851 2299 1878 1634 1439 1339 1218 1141
T-6000 HP 6000 16171 13096 11666 8698 6410 4913 3956 2949 2378 1943 1690 1489 1385 1260 1180

* ECV - End Cell Voltage.

* Performance of a fully charged cell at 250 C (770 F)
* Also Performance of a fully charged cell at 270 C (80.60 F)

10
12
 Valve regulated lead acid batteries
Discharge characteristics in Watts
To 1.85 ECV*

Model Nominal Discharge in Minutes Discharge in Hours

Type Capacity
(AH) at C10 5 10 15 30 1 1.5 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
T-100 HP 100 256 210 191 140 102 78 63 47 38 31 27 24 21 19 18
T-150 HP 150 384 315 287 209 153 116 94 71 57 46 41 35 32 29 26
T-200 HP 200 512 420 382 279 204 155 125 94 76 61 54 47 43 39 35
T-250 HP 250 640 525 478 349 255 194 157 118 95 77 67 59 53 48 44
T-300 HP 300 768 630 574 419 306 233 188 142 114 92 80 71 64 58 53
T-350 HP 350 896 735 669 489 357 272 220 165 133 107 94 82 74 67 62
T-400 HP 400 1024 840 765 559 408 311 251 189 152 122 107 94 85 77 71
T-450 HP 450 1152 945 860 628 458 349 289 212 171 138 121 106 96 87 80
T-500 HP 500 1280 1050 956 698 509 388 314 236 190 153 134 118 107 97 89
T-550 HP 550 1408 1155 1051 768 560 427 345 259 209 169 148 130 117 106 97
T-600 HP 600 1536 1260 1147 838 611 466 376 283 228 184 161 142 128 116 106
T-650 HP 650 1664 1365 1243 908 662 505 408 307 247 199 174 153 139 126 115
T-680 HP 680 1740 1428 1300 950 693 528 427 321 259 208 182 160 145 131 120
T-760 HP 760 1945 1595 1453 1062 774 590 477 359 289 233 204 179 162 147 135
T-850 HP 850 2175 1784 1625 1187 866 660 533 401 323 260 228 210 181 164 151
T-925 HP 925 2367 1942 1769 1292 943 718 580 436 352 283 248 218 197 179 164
T-1000 HP 1000 2559 2099 1912 1397 1019 777 627 472 380 306 268 236 213 193 177
T-1100 HP 1100 2815 2309 2103 1537 1121 854 690 519 418 337 295 259 235 213 195
T-1200 HP 1200 3071 2519 2294 1676 1223 932 753 566 456 367 322 283 256 232 213
T-1250 HP 1250 3199 2624 2390 1746 1274 971 784 590 475 382 335 295 267 242 221
T-1360 HP 1360 3481 2855 2600 1900 1386 1056 853 642 517 416 364 321 290 263 241
T-1440 HP 1440 3685 3023 2753 2011 1467 1118 904 679 547 441 386 340 307 278 255
T-1500 HP 1500 3839 3149 2868 2095 1528 1165 941 708 570 459 402 354 320 290 266
T-1600 HP 1600 4095 3359 3059 2235 1630 1242 1004 755 608 490 429 377 341 309 283
T-1700 HP 1700 4351 3569 3250 2375 1732 1320 1067 802 646 520 455 401 363 328 301
T-1850 HP 1850 4735 3884 3537 2584 1885 1437 1161 873 703 566 496 436 395 357 328
T-2000 HP 2000 5119 4199 3824 2794 2038 1553 1255 944 760 612 536 472 427 386 354
T-2200 HP 2200 5631 4618 4207 3073 2242 1708 1380 1038 836 673 589 519 469 425 390
T-2350 HP 2350 6015 4933 4493 3283 2395 1825 1475 1109 893 719 630 554 501 454 416
T-2500 HP 2500 6398 5248 4780 3492 2547 1941 1569 1180 950 765 670 590 533 483 443
T-2650 HP 2650 6782 5563 5067 3702 2700 2058 1663 1250 1007 811 710 625 565 512 469
T-2800 HP 2800 7166 5878 5354 3911 2853 2174 1757 1321 1064 857 750 661 597 541 496
T-3000 HP 3000 7678 6298 5736 4191 3057 2330 1882 1415 1140 918 804 708 640 580 531
T-3200 HP 3200 8190 6718 6119 4470 3261 2485 2008 1510 1216 979 857 755 683 618 567
T-3500 HP 3500 8958 7348 6692 4889 3566 2718 2196 1651 1331 1071 938 826 747 676 620
T-4000 HP 4000 10237 8397 7648 5587 4076 3106 2510 1887 1521 1224 1072 944 853 773 709
T-4300 HP 4300 11005 9027 8222 6006 4382 3339 2698 2029 1635 1316 1152 1014 917 831 762
T-4500 HP 4500 11517 9447 8604 6286 4585 3494 2824 2123 1711 1377 1206 1062 960 870 797
T-5000 HP 5000 12797 10497 9560 6984 5095 3883 3137 2359 1901 1530 1340 1180 1067 966 886
T-5500 HP 5500 14077 11546 10516 7683 5604 4271 3451 2595 2091 1683 1474 1297 1173 1063 974

T-5800 HP 5800 14844 12176 11090 8102 5910 4504 3639 2737 2205 1775 1554 1368 1237 1121 1027
T-6000 HP 6000 15357 12596 11472 8381 6113 4659 3765 2831 2281 1836 1608 1415 1280 1160 1063

* ECV - End Cell Voltage.

* Performance of a fully charged cell at 250 C (770 F)
* Also Performance of a fully charged cell at 270 C (80.60 F)

10
13
 Valve regulated lead acid batteries
Discharge characteristics in Watts
To 1.90 ECV*

Model Nominal Discharge in Minutes Discharge in Hours

Type Capacity
(AH) at C10 5 10 15 30 1 1.5 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
T-100 HP 100 242 196 170 130 94 73 59 44 35 28 25 22 20 18 16
T-150 HP 150 362 294 254 195 142 109 88 66 53 43 37 33 29 27 25
T-200 HP 200 483 392 339 260 189 145 117 88 71 57 49 44 39 36 33
T-250 HP 250 604 490 424 325 236 182 147 110 88 71 62 56 49 45 41
T-300 HP 300 725 588 509 390 283 218 176 132 106 85 74 67 59 54 49
T-350 HP 350 846 687 594 455 331 254 205 154 124 100 87 78 69 62 60
T-400 HP 400 967 785 679 520 378 290 234 176 142 114 99 89 79 71 65
T-450 HP 450 1088 883 763 584 423 327 264 198 159 128 111 100 89 81 73
T-500 HP 500 1209 981 848 649 472 363 293 220 177 142 123 111 99 89 81
T-550 HP 550 1329 1079 933 714 519 399 323 242 195 156 136 122 108 98 90
T-600 HP 600 1450 1177 1018 779 566 435 352 264 213 170 148 133 118 107 98
T-650 HP 650 1571 1275 1103 844 614 471 381 286 230 185 160 144 128 116 106
T-680 HP 680 1644 1334 1154 883 642 493 399 300 241 193 168 151 134 122 111
T-760 HP 760 1837 1491 1290 987 717 551 446 335 269 216 188 169 150 136 124
T-850 HP 850 2055 1667 1442 1104 802 616 498 374 301 241 210 189 168 152 138
T-925 HP 925 2236 1814 1570 1201 873 671 542 407 328 263 228 205 182 165 150
T-1000 HP 1000 2417 1961 1697 1299 944 725 586 440 354 284 247 222 197 179 163
T-1100 HP 1100 2659 2158 1867 1429 1038 798 645 485 390 312 271 244 217 197 179
T-1200 HP 1200 2901 2354 2036 1559 1133 870 703 529 425 341 296 266 236 214 195
T-1250 HP 1250 3022 2452 2121 1624 1180 906 733 551 443 355 309 277 246 223 203
T-1360 HP 1360 3287 2668 2308 1767 1284 986 797 599 482 386 336 302 268 243 221
T-1440 HP 1440 3481 2824 2444 1870 1359 1044 844 634 510 409 355 320 284 257 234
T-1500 HP 1500 3626 2942 2545 1948 1416 1088 879 661 531 426 370 333 296 268 244
T-1600 HP 1600 3868 3138 2715 2078 1510 1160 938 705 567 454 395 355 315 286 260
T-1700 HP 1700 4109 3334 2885 2208 1605 1233 997 749 602 483 420 377 335 305 277
T-1850 HP 1850 4472 3629 3139 2403 1746 1341 1085 815 655 525 457 411 365 331 301
T-2000 HP 2000 4834 3923 3394 2598 1888 1450 1172 881 709 568 494 444 394 357 325
T-2200 HP 2200 5318 4315 3733 2858 2077 1595 1290 969 779 625 543 488 434 393 358
T-2350 HP 2350 5680 4609 3988 3052 2218 1704 1378 1035 833 667 580 522 463 420 382
T-2500 HP 2500 6043 4904 4242 3247 2360 1813 1466 1101 886 710 617 555 493 447 407
T-2650 HP 2650 6406 5198 4497 3442 2501 1921 1553 1167 939 753 654 588 522 473 431
T-2800 HP 2800 6768 5492 4751 3637 2643 2030 1641 1233 992 795 691 621 552 500 456
T-3000 HP 3000 7252 5884 5091 3897 2832 2175 1759 1321 1063 852 740 666 591 536 488
T-3200 HP 3200 7735 6277 5430 4157 3021 2320 1876 1410 1134 909 790 710 631 572 521
T-3500 HP 3500 8460 6865 5939 4546 3304 2538 2052 1542 1240 994 864 777 690 625 569
T-4000 HP 4000 9669 7846 6788 5196 3776 2900 2345 1762 1417 1136 987 888 788 715 651
T-4300 HP 4300 10394 8434 7297 5585 4059 3118 2521 1894 1523 1221 1061 954 847 768 700
T-4500 HP 4500 10877 8826 7636 5845 4248 3263 2638 1982 1594 1278 1111 999 887 804 732
T-5000 HP 5000 12086 9807 8484 6495 4720 3625 2931 2202 1771 1420 1234 1110 985 893 813
T-5500 HP 5500 13295 10788 9333 7144 5192 3988 3224 2423 1949 1562 1357 1221 1084 983 895
T-5800 HP 5800 14020 11376 9842 7534 5475 4205 3400 2555 2055 1647 1432 1287 1143 1036 944
T-6000 HP 6000 14504 11769 10181 7793 5664 4350 3517 2643 2126 1704 1480 1332 1183 1072 976

* ECV - End Cell Voltage.

* Performance of a fully charged cell at 250C (77 F)
* Also Performance of a fully charged cell at 270 C (80.60 F)

10
14
 Selecting the right battery

The selection of the best battery for a certain duty requires some information about the use. Discharge
currents, backup time, operating voltage window and temperature are the basic information necessary
for the correct choice of the battery. Depending upon the duty cycle and the condition under which the
battery is operating, suitable correction factors viz., K-factors, temperature correction factor, and ageing
factors are to be used to determine the best techno-economic choice of the battery for any application.
A battery sizing tool “Abacus” developed by HBL can be used to arrive at correction techno-economic
choice of the battery in no time.

Correction factors
K-Factor : This factor is considered to estimate the available battery capacity at different discharge
rates and end cell voltages. This is the ratio of rated capacity to the amperes that can be supplied for 't'
minutes to a given ECV.

Temperature correction factor : This factor is considered to take care of the variations in performance
of the battery at different temperatures. As the operating temperature increases above 250 C , the
electrochemical reaction is enhanced. Thus the capacity available increases, but the life of the battery
comes down. Therefore no derating factor is to be applied to the performance of the battery for sizing
when the battery operates at higher temperature. However electrical capacity at lower temperatures is
lesser due to sluggish electro chemical activity. Therefore temperature derating factor is to be applied
for sizing the battery for low temperature applications. Temperature correction factors are given below.

Ageing factor : IEEE Std 485-1997 recommends that a battery be replaced when its actual capacity
drops to 80 percent of its rated capacity; therefore, the battery's rated capacity should be at least 1.25
times the load expected at the end of its service life. Hence, a correction factor of 1.25 (=1/0.8) is
taken as ageing factor.

Design margin : A nominal 10% cushion is taken as a standard over sizing to allow for unforeseen
operating conditions of the battery due to improper maintenance, recent discharge or ambient
temperature lower than the anticipated, or both.

Over load factor : It is a pure reserve capacity that may be installed to take care of any future
additional load. Normally 10-15% overload factor is considered. This of course will depend upon the
customer's requirement. This also will be considered only when specified by the user.

Capacity Variation with Temperature

(10hr rate) Ambient Correction
0
120 Temp in C Factor
110

100
-20 2.08
90
Rated Capacity in %

80
-15 1.72

70 -10 1.49
60 -5 1.35
50
0 1.27
40
5 1.19
30

20 10 1.14
10 15 1.09
0
20 1.04

25 1.00
Temperature in °C

10
15
 K - FACTORS
ECV
Time
1.90 1.85 1.80 1.75 1.70 1.67 1.65

120 94.12 87.84 82.35 78.43 --- --- ---

100 85.71 79.60 74.29 71.43 --- --- ---

72 63.49 58.70 54.95 52.80 --- --- ---

48 44.45 40.79 38.38 36.84 --- --- ---

24 25.40 22.88 21.81 20.87 --- --- ---

22 23.61 21.42 20.23 19.53 --- --- ---

20 21.82 19.96 18.65 18.18 --- --- ---

TIime in Hours

12 13.71 12.42 11.54 11.43 --- --- ---

10 12.00 11.04 10.00 9.71 --- --- ---

9 10.95 10.04 9.28 8.87 --- --- ---

8 9.85 9.12 8.42 8.00 --- --- ---

7 8.85 8.20 7.75 7.50 --- --- ---

6 7.85 7.30 6.90 6.70 --- --- ---

5 6.85 6.33 5.99 5.81 --- --- ---

4 5.49 5.10 4.85 4.76 --- --- ---

3 4.42 4.10 3.91 3.76 --- --- ---

2 3.31 3.07 2.91 2.82 --- --- ---

1.5 2.67 2.48 2.34 2.30 --- --- ---

60 2.04 1.88 1.78 1.75 1.62 1.59 ---

30 1.47 1.36 1.30 1.26 1.17 1.15 ---
Time in Minutes

15 1.11 1.03 0.98 0.95 0.86 0.82 ---

10 0.95 0.88 0.84 0.81 0.72 0.69 0.67

5 0.76 0.71 0.67 0.65 0.58 0.56 0.55

4 0.70 0.65 0.62 0.60 0.55 0.54 0.53

3 0.65 0.60 0.57 0.55 0.52 0.50 0.49

2 0.60 0.55 0.52 0.50 0.48 0.47 0.46

1 0.55 0.50 0.47 0.45 0.43 0.42 0.41

Types of loads
Common duty cycles imposed on the battery can be classified as (a) Continuous load and (b) Non -
continuous load. Continuous loads are energized throughout the duty cycle where as Non continuous
loads are energized only in portions of the duty cycle.

A) Continuous loads ( E.g. Telecommunications, UPS, Emergency lighting, SPV etc.,)

1) Constant current discharge : ( E.g.Telecom)

Ex.1: Selection of a battery for supplying a load of 10 amps for 5 hours to an end cell voltage of 1.75V
0
when the system voltage is 48V at an ambient temperature of 25 C.

The information required / given for battery sizing is:

1. Load current : 10 amps
2. Backup time : 5 hrs
3. System voltage : 48 volts
4. End cell voltage : 1.75 volts
5. Temperature : 250 C

Step 1 : Number of cells = System voltage / Nominal voltage

= 48 / 2
= 24 cells

10
16
Step2 : Capacity required = Load current x Backup time. Since the battery is designed for 10 hour rate,
for 5 hour backup, K- factor need to be applied.

Step 3 : From the K-factor table, for 1.75 ECV and discharge time of 5 hrs, the K-factor is 5.81

Step 4 : Required battery capacity = 10 x 5.81 = 58.1 Ah

Step5 : Applying Ageing Factor of 1.25, sized battery capacity = 58.1 x 1.25 = 72.63 Ah

Step6 : From tables the nearest higher available capacity, 100Ah is chosen. Thus the battery selected is 3
Modules (2 modules x 12 cells ) of type T - 100HP

2) Constant power discharge ( E.g. UPS System ) :

Ex 2 : Selection of a battery for supplying 40 KVA load for 30 minutes to an ECV of 1.75 with a Power
factor of 0.8 and an inverter Efficiency of 85%. The voltage window is 205 - 285V and ambient
0
temperature is -10 C

The information required / given for battery sizing is :

1. KVA / KW rating : 40 KVA (Not required when KW rating is given for UPS )
2. Minimum Voltage : 205 volt
3. Maximum voltage : 285 volt
4. Power factor : 0.8 ( Not required when KW rating is given for UPS )
5. Efficiency of the Inverter : 85%
6. End Cell voltage : 1.75 volts
7. Operating temperature : - 100 C
8. Back up time : 30 minutes

Step 1 : Choice of number of cells :

Minimum number of cells = Minimum DC voltage / End cell voltage

= 205 / 1.75
= 117.14

Round this to the next higher whole number i.e. 118 number of cells

Maximum number of cells = Maximum DC voltage / Float or Boost voltage

= 285/ 2.3
= 123.91

Round this to the next lower whole number i.e. 123 number of cells

Ensure that the rounded minimum no. of cells is less than the rounded maximum no. of cell. The number
of cells selected should be in between the maximum and minimum number of cells determined above.
Let us say we had chosen 120 nos. of cell.

Battery’s Minimum Voltage = Chosen no. of cells x 1.75 Volts

= 120 x 1.75
= 210 volts

Battery’s Maximum Voltage = Chosen no. of cells x 2.30 Volts

= 120 x 2.30
= 276 volts

Since both the above min and max voltages are within the UPS voltage window, proceed as below.

10
17
Step 2 : Power required for UPS in kilowatts ( KVA x PF = KW ) = 40 x 0.8
= 32 KW
Step 3 : Power required from the battery ( KW / Inverter efficiencey ) = 32 / 0.85
= 37.647 KW
= 37647 watts
Step 4 : Power required from each cell ( watts per cell ) = 37647 / 120
= 313.73 watts per cell
Step 5 : Applying Ageing factor of 1.25 = 313.73 x 1.25
= 392.16 watts per cell
Step 6 : Applying Temp. correction factor at -100 C (1.49 ) = 392.16 x 1.49
= 584.32 watts per cell

From the performance table, the Ah capacity of the cell capable of giving 584.32 watts to an end cell
voltage of 1.75 VPC, as a back up time of 30 minutes is 400 Ah. Battery selected is 30 modules of
battery type T - 400HP.

3 ) Constant current discharge for long duration rates ( Eg. Solar photovoltaic )

Ex. 3 : Selection of a battery for supplying a Load current of 10 Amps for the Autonomy of 5 days.
The system voltage is 48 volts.
The information required / given for Battery sizing is :
Load current : 10 Amps
System Voltage : 48 Volts
Autonomy ( back up time ) : 5 days
Average ambient temperature : 250 C
End Cell Voltage : 1.75 (considered)

Calculations : 1) Total back up time required = 24 hrs/day X 5 days = 120 hrs.

Load current x K factor ( for back up time )
2) Battery capacity required =
0.8 ( maximum allowable depth of discharge )
K factor for 120 hrs = 78.43 ( Refer page No 16 )

... Battery capacity required =

10 x 78.43
0.8
= 980.4 Ah
Applying ageing factor of 1.25 = 980.4 x 1.25
= 1225.5 Ah

Therefore the nearest higher Ah capacity 1250 Ah is chosen. Thus the battery selected is 24 cells of
T - 1250 HP

Electrical protections to the battery for SPV applications

The main protection equipment for the batteries is the Charge controller unit. The function of the
charge controller is to protect the batteries from overcharge and deep discharge.

The following are recommended charge controller settings for Triumph HP batteries for optimum
performance and life.

1. Overvoltage disconnect: When the battery terminal voltages exceeds 2.40+/-0.02 volts per cell,the
battery and solar panel should be disconnected thus protecting the battery from getting overcharged.

2. Low voltage disconnect: When the D.C output voltage drops to 1.85 +/- 0.02 volts per cell the
battery should be isolated from the load. Thus preventing the batteries from excessive discharge.

3. Reconnection: The solar panel reconnection to the battery when the voltage is 2.08+/- 0.02
volts per cell.

10
18
b) Non continuous Load ( E.g. Switch gear applications )

Basic terminology :
Load : The current in amperes for each time period
Period : The time during which an applied load is constant and is designated as time M
Section : '
The basic time unit taken for sizing. The section A’ consists of first ‘A’ periods
K factor : The ratio of rated capacity at 10hr. rate to the amperes that can be supplied for ‘t’ minutes
for a given ECV and am bient temperature
Time ‘ t ’ : The duration between the end of that section and the beginning of each period in every section

For sizing, the sequence of each load (in amperes) duration in minutes, system voltage and temperature
are required.

Ex 4 : Selection of a battery for a regime having the following load profile for a voltage of 48 volt and
0
operating temperature of 25C considering a design margin of 10%

Duty Cycle
A1 A4
135 132
Load Name Load in Amps Time in Mins A3
125
A2
Load A1 135 0.167 (10 Sec) 120
Load in Amps

S1 M1
Load A2 120 59 M1+M2
S2
S3 M1+M2+M3
Load A3 125 58 S4 M1+M2+M3+M4
0
Load A4 132 2
1 59 58 2
Time in Minutes

Note : 1. Any short period of less than 1 minute duration is considered for 1 minute only.
2. In any section A, if the current for the 'A+1' period is higher than the current of the period
‘A' then the section 'A' may be skipped as the next section 'A+1' will be of higher size.
3. Number of cells = Total system voltage / Nominal voltage
= 48 / 2 = 24 cells

Otherwise follow the Step 1 in the Example 2, if voltage window is given. Using the worksheet
given in next page follow the procedure.

Step 1 : Fill the load ' A ' and period ' M ' values in columns 2 & 4
Step 2 : Fill the changes in load as the difference between the current and previous load with
sign in column 3
Step 3 : Fill the duration 'T' for each period from the beginning to the end of each section in
column 5.
Step 4 : Enter the capacity rating factor K, for each duration 'T ' in column 6. Refer K factor table
Step 5 : The cell size for each period ' M ' is calculated by multiplying column 3 and column
6 and entered in column 7 with sign convention.
Step 6 : The sum of capacities for all periods in every section is taken as the size of the section.
Step 7 : The maximum value of all the sections noted as above plus the value in random load
section, if any is taken as the uncorrected size.

10
19
 IEEE std 485 - 1997 method of battery sizing
(1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) (7)
Period Load Change in load Duration of period Time to end of section (T) Cap at T min rate Reqd section size
(Nos) (amps) (amps) (mins) (mins) (hrs) K factor 3 x 6 (Ah)

Section 1 - First Period Only - If A2 > A1, go to section 2

1 A1 = 135 A1 - 0 = 135 M1 = 1 T = M1 = 1 = 0.016 0.45 60.75

Sec1 Total 60.75

Section 2 - First 2 Periods Only - If A3 > A2, go to section 3

1 A1 = A1 - 0 = M1 = T = M1 + M2 =

2 A2 = A2 - A1 = M2 = T = M2 =

Sec2 Total

Section 3 - First 3 Periods Only - If A4 > A3, go to section 4

1 A1 = A1 - 0 = M1 = T = M1 +M2 +M3 =

2 A2 = A2 - A1 = M2 = T = M2 + M3 =

3 A3 = A3 - A2 = M3 = T = M3 =

Sec3 Total

Section 4 - First 4 Periods Only

1 A1 = 135 A1 - 0 = 135 M1 = 1 T=M1+...M4 =120=2.00 2.82 380.7

2 A2 = 120 A2-A1 = -15 M2 = 59 T=M2+..M4 =119=1.98 2.81 -42.15

3 A3 = 125 A3 -A2 = 5 M3 = 58 T=M3+M4 = 60= 1.00 1.75 8.75

4 A4 = 132 A4- A3 = 7 M4 = 2 T=M4= 0 .03 0.50 3.50

Sec 4 Total 350.80

Max. Section + Random 350.80

Uncorrected section size ( maximum ) = 350.80 Ah

Applying temp. correction = ...............

Applying Ageing factor (1.25 ) = 438.50 Ah

Applying Design Margin ( 10% ) = 482.35

Applying future overload factor = ...............

Applying any other factor = ...............

Thus, the nearest higher available size of 500 Ah ( T - 500 HP ) is selected.

Number of cells selected is 24 nos i.e. 6 modules of T- 500 HP

Battery Characteristics

State of Charge Vs Open Circuit voltage

2.2
Open Circuit Voltage (OCV)

2.15

State of charge 2.1

The state of charge of a VRLA battery can 2.05

roughly be estimated by measuring its open
2
circuit voltage.
1.95

1.9
0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100

% State of Charge

10
20
 Charging Characteristics with CP Charging
Charge Voltage 2.3 Volts/Cell; Current limit 0.2 C10Amps

Charging Characteristics 0.24 120

Current in % of Rated Capacity

0.22 110 2.35
Cell Voltage
Constant Potential charging at 2.25V per cell 0.20 100 2.32

Cell voltage In Volts

0.18
% Ah Input 2.26
90
with a current limit of 20%. of rated capacity

% Recharge
0.16 80 2.23
of the battery is recommended for charging 0.14 70 2.20
o
Triumph-HP at 25 C. In case faster charging 0.12 60 2.17
0.10 50 2.14
is required, the cells can be charged at 2.30 Volt 0.08 40 2.11
Per Cell with a maximum current limit of 20%. 0.06 30 2.08
0.04 20 2.05
of rated capacity of the battery. Current
0.02 10 2.02
0 0 1.99
0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14 16 18 20
Time in Hrs

Performance Curves at Different Rates of Discharge

2.20
2.15
2.10

Discharge Characteristics 2.05

2.00
The curves in the figure illustrates the typical 1.95
CCV in Volts

discharge feature of ‘Triumph-HP’ batteries 1.90

0 1.85
measured at an ambient temperature of 25 C. 1.80
The C 10 expresses the nominal capacity of the 1.75
C5 C8 C10
1.70
battery at 10 hr discharge rate. C2 C3
1.65 C1
1.60
1.55
1.50
1 10 100 1000
Time in Minutes

Capacity Retention Characteristics

Capacity Retention Characteristics 100

Triumph-HP batteries have low self discharge. 90

However these batteries should be given

Capacity Retention %

80
freshening charge as per the manufacturer’s
recommendations, if the battery Open Circuit 70
Voltage drops to 2.1 VPC or the storage period
is over 6months,whichever is earlier before 60 0
40C 0
30C 0
20C
being put to operation. The graph shows the
50
capacity retention of Triumph-HP Batteries at
different temperatures.
40
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22

Storage Period in Months

Recharge Characteristics - Constant potential with 2.3V/cell

90
10% Rated capacity

80
Recharge Characteristics
% Residual State of Charge

70

The graph shows the recharge time required 60

to achieve 90% state of charge from different 50
depth of discharges, when the battery is
20% of Rated capacity

40
charged at a constant potential of 2.30 Volts
30
per cell with current limit of 20% and
20
10% of rated capacity of the battery .
10

0
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15

Recharge Time in hours to Arrives 90% State of Charge (SOC)

 HBL/VRLA/TM/17/Feb-2016

HBL Power Systems Limited

# 8-2-601, Road No.10, Banjara Hills, Hyderabad - 500034, Telangana, INDIA
E-mail : contact@hbl.in, leadbatteries@hbl.in
website : www.hbl.in