SARAL User Manual

SARAL
Intelligent single-phase energy meter
Reference Manual
BGX701-071-R01
Copyright © 2016, SIHPL. All rights reserved. E&OE.
Saral® is a registered trade name of Secure Meters Ltd.

Other product names are trademarks or registered trademarks of their respective owners.
Page 2 of 36 BGX701-071-R01, Saral Reference Manual Public

Table of Contents
1 Important......................................................................................................................................... 5
2 Disclaimer ....................................................................................................................................... 5
3 Precautions and Safety Practices ................................................................................................ 5
4 Deliverables .................................................................................................................................... 6
5 Abbreviations ................................................................................................................................. 6
6 Introduction .................................................................................................................................... 7
7 General Specifications .................................................................................................................. 7
8 External Features ......................................................................................................................... 10
9 Using the display ......................................................................................................................... 13
9.1 Manual mode (Using actuator) .................................................................................................................. 13
9.2 Auto Mode ................................................................................................................................................ 14
9.3 Display in Absence of Mains (Sub-Active Mode) ...................................................................................... 14
10 Internal connection details.......................................................................................................... 14
11 Dimensions and mounting details.............................................................................................. 15
12 Installation .................................................................................................................................... 15
12.1 Preparing for Installation ........................................................................................................................... 15
12.1.1 Selecting an appropriate mounting location ................................................................................ 16
12.1.2 Selecting suitable mounting screws ............................................................................................16
12.1.3 Selecting the cable (For all the variants).....................................................................................17
12.1.4 Required Tools and Accessories ................................................................................................17
12.2 SARAL Installation Procedure .................................................................................................................. 17
12.2.1 Groundwork ................................................................................................................................ 17
12.2.2 Mounting the SARAL .................................................................................................................. 18
12.2.3 Preparing Cables for termination ................................................................................................ 18
12.2.4 Making Connections ................................................................................................................... 18
13 Technical Features....................................................................................................................... 22
13.1 Energy Types ........................................................................................................................................... 22
13.2 Rate Registers .......................................................................................................................................... 22
13.3 Maximum Demand.................................................................................................................................... 22
13.4 STOD/TOU ............................................................................................................................................... 23
13.5 Billing ........................................................................................................................................................ 23
13.6 Load Survey / Load Profile........................................................................................................................ 24
13.7 Energy Snapshot Logging......................................................................................................................... 24
13.7.1 Midnight snapshot ...................................................................................................................... 24
13.7.2 Audit snapshot............................................................................................................................ 24
13.8 QoS Support ............................................................................................................................................. 24
Public BGX701-071-R01, Reference Manual Page 3 of 36

13.9 Metrological Output ................................................................................................................................... 25
13.10 Time Set ................................................................................................................................................... 25
13.11 Fraud Metering ......................................................................................................................................... 25
13.12 Single Wire Metering ................................................................................................................................ 25
13.13 Field configurable transactions ................................................................................................................. 25
13.14 Metrology and Calibration Support............................................................................................................ 26
14 Events Logging ............................................................................................................................ 26
14.1 Event Compartments ................................................................................................................................ 26
14.2 Event Support ........................................................................................................................................... 26
15 Revenue Protection ..................................................................................................................... 27
16 External Communication ............................................................................................................. 28
16.1 Active Mode .............................................................................................................................................. 28
16.1.1 Meter readings – Instantaneous session .................................................................................... 28
16.1.2 Meter readings – Readings session ........................................................................................... 28
16.1.3 Meter readings – Load survey session ....................................................................................... 28
16.1.4 Meter readings – Events session................................................................................................ 28
16.2 Sub-active Mode (Battery Mode) .............................................................................................................. 28
17 Display Formats ........................................................................................................................... 28
Notes ................................................................................................................................................... 34
Notes ................................................................................................................................................... 35

1 Important
1. As a result of our continuous efforts to improve our products, the specifications mentioned in this
manual may be subject to change. Therefore the availability of features may depend on the product
variant.
2. The specifications and features listed in this manual were correct when this document was released but
may be subject to change and should be considered to be definitive. Please refer any queries to our
sales team.
3. No part of this manual or its contents may be published, distributed, scanned or copied, in electronic
form or otherwise, without prior written consent of Secure Meters Ltd.
4. While we have made every effort to minimise errors, some may exist. We request feedback from users
in this regard and undertake to correct such errors wherever possible.
5. Secure Meters Ltd. reserves the right to alter the features or specifications mentioned in this document
without prior notice.
6. Please direct queries on our products or services to our sales team.
7. In most countries, electrical installations must comply with one or more sets of regulations issued by
national authorities or by recognized local or international bodies. Such regulations must be adhered to,
even if they are not referred to directly in this document.
8. We conduct rigorous testing during the design and manufacture of our products to ensure that they
comply with appropriate standards.
2 Disclaimer
Secure Meters Ltd. assumes no responsibility for damage arising from misuse of our products such as, but not
limited to, the following:
1. Incomplete or incorrect installation or maintenance
2. Connection to incorrect voltage sources
3. Damaged insulation on connecting cables
4. Contact with hazardous substances
5. Immersion in water or any other liquid
6. Handling by unauthorized persons
7. Handling by inebriated, intoxicated or mentally unbalanced persons
3 Precautions and Safety Practices

1. Energy meters are generally installed in electrically live surroundings. To minimise the risk of electrical
shock, stay away from loose or exposed electrical connections. If there is loose or exposed electrical
wiring near the installation site, initiate appropriate preventive measures.
2. Check for the wiring configuration of the meter and ensure that the meter is installed for the appropriate
wiring connection.
3. Before energizing the meter, ensure that no stray strands of wire are present outside the connector
blocks.
4. Meter must be protected by fuses or voltage isolating links in each voltage circuit.

5. Ensure that the connected load does not exceed the current range specified on the rating plate.
6. The meter contains batteries that must be disposed of in a suitable manner at the end of its life.
7. Secure Meters recommends carrying out regular installation checks, especially when the product is
installed at locations posing higher risk of degradation or corrosion – such as under direct, strong
sunlight, areas with high ambient temperature and little ventilation, areas near heat sources like a
furnace, areas near sea or a water body, areas where the meter is regularly exposed to chemical
fumes, etc.
8. It is recommended to immediately cut off the meter supply upon occurrence of any fault within the
meter.
9. Keep the meter away from fire, corrosive chemicals, and fumes thereof, rain and direct, prolonged
exposure to water.
10. The electrical installation of electronic meters at a site requires an adequate understanding of all
governing rules and regulations.
4 Deliverables
1. SARAL meter
2. SARAL reference manual (this document)
Note: Accessories will be delivered as per customer order
5 Abbreviations
BCS Base Computer Software
CFB Corrugated Fiber Board
DIP Demand Integration Period
ICS Indian Companion Specification
LCD Liquid Crystal Display
LED Light Emitting Diode
MD Maximum Demand
ND Neutral Disturbance
NVM Non Volatile Memory
OBIS Object Identification System
P-N Phase to Neutral
QoS Quality of Supply
RTC Real Time Clock
SIP Survey Integration Period
TOD Time Of Day
TOU Time Of Use

6 Introduction
SARAL is a compact, interoperable, intelligent credit single-phase meter, designed for domestic and small
commercial applications. It is available in three current range variants, all with high accuracy. SARAL provides
utilities with powerful revenue protection features, as well as data storage and communications capabilities.
The salient features of SARAL are:

High accuracy, Class 1.0
Separate measuring elements, for phase and neutral
Accurate energy registration, even in the case of single-wire connection
Available in three different current ratings (5-30 A /10-60 A /10-100 A)
Optical communications port for high-speed meter reading and programming
Intuitive display actuator
Battery backup allows electronic and manual reading, even in the absence of mains supply
Flexible tariff capability, including maximum demand and historical registers
Load profile recording
Ultra-compact footprint with innovative, angled access to conductor screws
Encapsulated ‘break to open’, aperture-less design, for protection against physical tamper attempts
High level of protection against sophisticated tamper attempts
End to end meter data security
Detection and logging of tamper attempts, with dedicated display indicators annunciators for magnetic
tamper, neutral disturbance and earth load
Metrology LED, which indicates the rate of active or apparent energy consumption
Spark immunity up to 35 kV
Integrated cover and base with break-to-open concept for evidence of tamper attempts
7 General Specifications
Electrical
Connection type Direct connected

Wiring configuration 1-phase 2-wire
Voltage rating 230/240 V (P-N)
Current rating 5-30 A /10-60 A /10-100 A
Starting current 0.2% of Ib
Isolated shunt in phase circuit
Measuring elements
Shunt in neutral circuit
Accuracy Class 1.0
Mains frequency 50 Hz ± 5%
Voltage circuit: <1 W, <1 VA
Power consumption
Current circuit: <0.1 VA

Starting voltage -40 % of Vref
150% continuously for 5-30 A and 10-60 A models
Current withstand
120% continuously for 10-100 A model
Voltage withstand (P to P) 460V continuously
Short-term over-current As per IS 13779
Surge and impulse withstand

10 kV
voltage
AC withstand voltage 4 kV
Spark immunity 35 kV
Magnetic immunity As per IS 13779/CBIP 325
DC compliance in neutral As per IS 13779
Energy measurement Total (fundamental + harmonics, up to 29th)
1 Pulse LED
Meter constant:
Metrological LED 6400 impulses/kWh (5-30 A model)
3200 impulses/kWh (10-60 A model)
1280 impulses/kWh (10-100 A model)
Clock accuracy <5 ppm, as per IEC62054-21
One battery for real-time clock chip (10-year life)
Back up batteries One battery for metering, display and reading in the
absence of mains supply or single-wire connection (5-
year life)
Compliance
Standards IS 13779:2004, IS15959, IEC 62052/53
Ingress protection IP 54
Mechanical
Dimensions (W x H x D) 93.6 mm x129 mm x 60.5 mm (approx.)

Polycarbonate fire-resistant, minimum thickness 2 mm
Tamper-evident chemically-welded encapsulated base
and cover (break to open)
Enclosure
Aperture-less design, with resistive touch actuator for
display operation
Grade: LEXAN 143A / 943 or equivalent
Twin-screw connections
Brass terminals
Zinc-plated mild steel screws
Terminal block Grade: LEXAN 503R or equivalent
Conductor bore internal diameter:
5.5 mm for 5-30 A
8.5 mm for 10-60 A

9.5 mm for 10-100 A
Transparent, extended, top hinged, with single ‘U’ cut-

Terminal block cover
out
Base and Cover fixing

Chemical welding
arrangement
Pigeon type
Packing For FIP - 20 units in a box, each unit with individual CFB
box
One wire seal (based on the business needs) and one
Sealing provision paper seal between body and terminal block, one
sealable screw on ETBC
Weight 320 grams (approx)
6-digit LCD (HTN type) with white backlight
Digits 8.5 mm x 3.4 mm
Viewing direction: 6:00 o’ clock
Viewing angle:
Display
12H position 20°
3H position 30°
6H position 35°
9H position 30°
Environmental
-10 ºC to +55 ºC operating

Temperature -10 ºC to +65 ºC storage
-10 ºC to +65 ºC limiting
Humidity 95% non-condensing
Communications
IEC1107 optical port
Option for additional port (micro-USB)
Local reading
Protocol: ICS
Data rate up to 9.6 kbps
Table 1: General specifications

8 External Features
The diagram below identifies the physical features of SARAL.
Figure 1: Physical features
Enclosure: The meter enclosure (integrated base and cover) is made of fire-retardant polycarbonate, with a
matt surface finish. The front cover has a clear transparent window through which the display can be viewed.
The case and the terminal block are chemically welded together, using the ‘break-to-open’ concept. It is not
possible to gain access to the internal parts without damaging the enclosure and leaving permanently visible
marks on the outside.
Terminal block cover: This provides a physical barrier to prevent accidental contact with hazardous voltages
and also protects the terminal connections from attempted tampers and external interference. It is fixed to the
terminal block with one captive sealing screw and is hinged along its top edge. The transparent cover enables
easy inspection of the connections to the meter.
Cut out for conductor entry: This enables the conductors to be inserted into the terminal block from below.
Sealable screw for terminal cover: This captive sealing screw enables the terminal cover to be secured in
place to prevent unauthorised access to the terminal block.
Meter-specific rating plate: This contains specific information for the individual meter, such as current rating,
reference voltage, meter constant, principal units for meter readings, month and year of manufacture, place of
manufacture, serial number, barcode, purchase order number etc.

General rating plate: This contains fixed information about the type of meter, such as product name,
manufacturer’s name, meter type, reference frequency, accuracy class, reference temperature, compliance
standard etc.
Metrology LED: Red LED blinks according to the rate of energy consumption measured by the meter. This is
used for testing the accuracy of the meter, and as a visual indication of the rate of energy consumption.
Display: Six-digit, seven-segment backlit LCD shows status, together with values for various basic and derived
parameters recorded by the meter.
Display actuator: This touch-sensitive actuator is used to cycle through the display parameters. Touching the
actuator once turns the display on, if has timed-out to its default ‘off’ state. While the display is activated,
subsequent touches increment the displayed information to the next parameter. The display can be used for
manual meter reading in the absence of mains supply, or in the case of single-wire connection. The actuator
can be operated when wearing thin gloves, but thick, or insulated gloves may need to be removed in order to
operate the display.
Local communications port: This optically isolated port is provided for external communications for meter
reading and programming.
Conductor terminal screws: Two screws are provided for securing each conductor in place within the
terminals. The tunnels are angled for ease of access with a screwdriver.
Remote communications port: An optically isolated RS-232 port (with micro-USB connector) can be provided,
as a build option, for external communications for meter reading and programming.
Terminal block: The terminal block is chemically welded to the meter base and is capable of sustaining high
temperatures.
Load terminals: The phase and neutral terminals for connection to the load have two screws each, ensuring
that the conductors can be held securely in place.
Supply terminals: The phase and neutral terminals for connection to the supply have two screws each,
ensuring that the conductors can be held securely in place.

Figure 2: Terminal cover in the open position

9 Using the display
A six-digit, seven-segment backlit LCD and touch-sensitive actuator provide the user interface for meter reading
and functional checks.
The LCD screen has various sections and indicators for displaying specific information, such as events,
parameter values and their associated units. Status codes or identifiers are displayed for each parameter.
Figure 3: Display features
If a tamper attempt is detected when the meter is on mains power, the appropriate indicator will start blinking at
a rate of 1 second/blink. When the tamper condition is removed, the indicator will stop blinking and will remain
on until reset as part of the electronic reading process.
In the absence of mains supply, the blinking rate changes to 5 seconds/ blink.
9.1 Manual mode (Using actuator)

The lamp test display with all display segments on is available for checking the segments. Upon reaching the
end of a display list, the display rolls over again to show the first one.
A display on the LCD remains on until the normal on time is elapsed. The normal on time is configurable at
factory end. Upon time out of the manual mode, the display undergoes the sleep mode and reverts to auto
mode thereafter. Sleep period, or the display off time, is configurable at factory end. Backlight glows on pressing
the actuator and remains on till display timeout.
If the user is in the manual mode and does not press the actuator for a pre-defined time period, the display will
become blank (Sleep mode) for a defined period. The meter will then switch to the automatic cycle mode.
The scroll lock feature is configurable. In the scroll locked mode, LCD screen continuously displays a locked
parameter and does not require any actuator interaction. Auto cycle will not work in display locked condition.
To lock a parameter, the desired parameter is to be selected and the actuator is to be kept pressed for 5
seconds. By pressing actuator, next parameter will be displayed and after 5 seconds the desired parameter will
be locked & displayed continuously. By default, the locked parameter will be reset at midnight. If the actuator is
again pressed for next 5 seconds then the parameter will be unlocked.

9.2 Auto Mode
Auto Mode is the default mode for the meter’s display. The configured parameters scroll automatically with a
timeout. The auto display cycle ends with a brief sleep mode. Upon recovering from the sleep mode, the display
cycle repeats for selected displays. Sleep period, or the display off time, is configurable at factory end. Upon
power interruption, the display starts in auto mode.
9.3 Display in Absence of Mains (Sub-Active Mode)

In the absence of supply from the mains, the meter will display few fixed parameters on pressing the actuator.
The displays can be configured as per the requirement. The user friendly display timeouts for display on time,
display off time are set for enhancing the life of the battery. The backlight will not glow in absence of mains.
10 Internal connection details
Figure 4: Connection diagram

11 Dimensions and mounting details
Figure 5: Overall dimensions
12 Installation
12.1 Preparing for Installation

SARAL supports the following two types of mounting arrangements.
1. Without meter box
2. With meter box
The figure below displays the rear view of SARAL without and with meter box.

Meter box
Cable
glands
Figure 6: Mounting options in SARAL (without and with meter box)
The possible mounting arrangements for SARAL are described in the table.
S. No. Mounting type Mounting arrangements Vertical distance Horizontal distance

(in mm) (in mm)
1 Without meter box Hanging key and mounting 71.63 30.1
screw
2 With meter box Hanging key and mounting 118 64.6
screws
Table 2: List of possible mounting arrangements for SARAL
12.1.1 Selecting an appropriate mounting location
SARAL can be directly installed on wall with the recommended screw and mounting bolts. It can also be
installed inside an enclosure or meter box.
12.1.2 Selecting suitable mounting screws
Given below is a list of recommended mounting screws to ensure proper fixing of SARAL at mounting location.

S. No. Mounting type Position for use Screw type No. of Recommended
screws Torque (in Nm)
1 Top mounting hole Self tapping screw, Type 1 1.4
Without meter AB4, length 15mm
box Bottom mounting M4 x 35mm 1 1.2
hole (round)
2 Top mounting hole Self tapping screw, Type 1 1.4
AB4, length 20mm
With meter box
Bottom mounting Self tapping screw, Type 2 1.4
holes (round) AB4, length 20mm
Table 3: List of recommended mounting screws for proper fixing of SARAL
12.1.3 Selecting the cable (For all the variants)

S. No. Cross section area (sq. Current range – Cu Current range – Al
mm) conductor (in A) conductor (in A)
1 2.5 27 21
2 4 35 27
3 6 45 35
4 10 60 47
5 16 78 59
6 25 105 78
7 35 125 100
Table 4: Cable selection chart
12.1.4 Required Tools and Accessories

Use appropriate tools for installation like Screw driver, Line tester, Wire stripper, Cutter, and Digital multi-meter
etc.
12.2 SARAL Installation Procedure

Having selected a suitable mounting position for the meter, install the meter using the following procedure:
Note - Meter installation should be done by skilled person only.
12.2.1 Groundwork
1. Ensure that all the necessary tools are available.
2. By visual inspection, check for any loose or exposed electrical connections near the installation location.
If required, secure the loose connections or use fast-drying, commercially available insulation coating to
cover exposed connections.
3. Check and label the polarity of the supply to the consumer circuit. Polarity test can be performed by a
line tester. A live wire should cause the tester’s LED to glow whereas the neutral wire should not.
4. Ensure that the consumer’s installation is safe for isolation. Check the health status of fuses, cut-outs
etc.
5. Isolate / disconnect the consumer’s supply before installation of the meter.
6. Check for the correct cable size. Refer section ‘Selecting the ’ for details.
7. When multiple meters are being installed next to each other on a central panel, ensure that correct
position is located for each consumer’s meter. Label the meter accordingly.

8. When the meter box is provided, fix the meter box first and then proceed with the installation of the
meter.
9. Open the hingeable terminal block cover; it will itself get locked upward side.
12.2.2 Mounting the SARAL

1. Ensure that the recommended screw is tightened at the correct mounting position. The mounting screw
should be able to withstand the meter weight.
2. Hang the meter from the top mounting hole provided at the rear panel of the meter. The holding screw
is not accessible after fixing the meter.
3. Mark out the positions for mounting screws. Refer mounting dimensions given above.
4. Remove the meter from the top mounting screw and drill out the hole(s) for the bottom mounting
screw(s).
5. Re-hang the meter from the top mounting screw, and then fit the bottom mounting screw(s).
12.2.3 Preparing Cables for termination

1. Ensure that a cable of the correct rating is being used. If a cable of lower rating is used, replace it with
appropriate cable.
2. Always use the direct cables – use of crimped lug on cable is not recommended.
3. Strip the insulation of cables from approx 20 to 22 mm. Following table shows the internal bore
diameters of main supply and load terminals for all the variants of SARAL.
S. No. Meter variant Internal bore diameter (in mm) Depth of terminal hole (in mm)
1 5-30 A 5.5 21
2 10-60 A 8.5 21
3 10-100 A 9.5 21
Table 5: Internal bore diameters of all the terminals

4. Check the condition of the cable. If the cable is corroded or oxidized, replace the entire cable.
5. If cable was already stripped for a previous installation, cut the previous stripped length. Re-prepare the
cable termination.
6. Loosen the terminal screws and insert one cable core into the terminal bore.
7. Ensure that at least 4-5 mm of the insulated part of the cable core is inserted into the terminal box
shroud. If the cable insulation is thick enough to be inserted into the shroud, strip an extra length of 5
mm and insulate this extra length with a standard insulation tape to prevent exposed conductor at
terminal end. Terminal block shroud will work as an insulation sleeve.
8. Prepare each core in the same manner for supply as well as load side.
12.2.4 Making Connections

1. Insert each conductor core into the appropriate terminal bore. Insert each cable into the terminal box
shroud. The terminals from left to right are 1, 2, 3, and 4. Connect load side first i.e. 3, 4 and then the
supply side i.e. 1, 2.

Figure 7: Terminal block dimensions for 05-30 A model

2. Use a torque screw driver to tighten the screws. Tighten all the terminal screws in turn using a torque
screw driver applying approx 3 to 3.5 nm torque. Tight the lower screws first, followed by the upper
screws. Check tightness of lower screw after tightening the upper screw. Check for any loose
connections and tighten them, if any.
Ensure that Terminal screws are turned out to have clear terminal hole.
Insert exposed conductor of the cable in first left terminal (maintain colour coding systems – Red for
phase and Black for neutral).
Insert the striped conductor portion of the cable in terminal hole. Ensure that all strands of conductor
should go inside the terminal hole. (Never twist, fold or cut the wire strand of the conductor).
Insert the stripped wire portion in the TB- Maintain 3 - 4 mm of insulation in the TB plastic profile.
First tighten the top screw, pull the wire to ascertain that the wire strands are fully griped
During tightening process- shake or try to rotate the cable for proper sitting of conductor strands in
terminal.
Tighten the second screw (lower one)
Repeat the same process for making all 4 connections.
Audit the Installation
When you find top screw more tightened and the bottom screw projecting outside as compared to top
screw- It is sure that bottom screw is tightened on insulation.
When you find top screw more tightened and the bottom screw projecting outside as compared to top
screw- It is sure that there is no wire below the top screw OR The wire strands are not under the
screw OR Wire strands have slipped on the sides
When you find top screw projecting outside and the bottom screw projecting inside as compared to
top screw, it is sure that the inserted wire has some irregularity OR Top screw is of different long
length OR Bottom screw is of different short length.

When you find both the head of screw in level you are sure of perfect termination, both the screws are
properly tightened
Other Precautions:
Dress wires/cables properly as required and fix all cables with clips or ties.
Finally tighten all the terminal screws sequentially, with tightening torque as recommended.
3. Tightening the screws causes the terminal clamp to grip the conductor more tightly. Tightening both
screws ensures that the force is distributed correctly.
S. No. Meter terminal Screw type No. of Recommended
screws Torque (in Nm)
1 Main supply & load for 30 A M4 with slotted heads 8 1.2
2 Main supply & load for 60 A and 100 A M6 with slotted heads 8 3.0
3 Extended terminal cover sealing Captive 1 1.0
Table 6: Details for various screws used for electrical connections of SARAL
Dos:
Ensure that no stress is transmitted to the meter terminals and meter through meter mounting or
cable connection.
Ensure enough free length of cable to avoid stress load transmitted to the meter terminals
Reconfirm the torque/contact pressure at the terminal joints. Refer recommended torque
Dress the wires and cables to ensure proper connection
Don’ts:
Do not fold the extra stripped conductor to increase conductor area to fill terminal space by folding the
wire by using less cross section cable.
Do not cut the cable conductor strands to insert the oversize cable conductor in terminal holes
Do not use cables with cross sectional areas of lower than the recommended current carrying
capacity.
Do not use screw drivers with blunt or oversized bits which will damage the screws of cable
connection.
Apply appropriate anticorrosive compound to minimize the corrosion and oxidation of conductor only.
Improper compound may increase the contact resistance.
4. Fit the extended terminal cover with the screw over the terminal block. The terminal cover screw has a
transverse hole to facilitate sealing. Do not seal the screw at this stage.
5. Reconnect the mains supply. The LCD should show ’All segment check’ display.
6. If the load is switched on, the calibration LED should start flashing in accordance with the current
drawn. If there is no load, the calibration LED should not flash.
7. Seal the meter with the available sealing kit. Utility seals can be applied at the joint of the meter case
and terminal block. The sealing provision in SARAL is as follows.
a) 1 seal on the terminal cover
b) 1 seal at the joint of the meter case and terminal block
This completes the installation of SARAL.

13 Technical Features
13.1 Energy Types

SARAL supports the following three energy configurations:
1. Active Forwarded, Apparent Lag+Lead, Defrauded
2. Active Forwarded, Apparent Lag only, Defrauded
3. Active Import, Active Export, Defrauded
13.2 Rate Registers

Details of different registers are tabulated as follows:
S. No. Register type Details
1 Main registers – Main energy registers store values of energy channels irrespective of the
current + history time of consumption and indicate cumulative consumption. These registers
are available for the supported energy types.
2 Rate registers- Rate registers and demand registers correspond to a specific period of day
current + history as configured under the TOD table. These registers log energy consumption
and demand for the current billing cycle for the respective TOD.
Demand register –
current + history Similarly, a day can be divided into different time zones to monitor peak and
off-peak demands through TOD.
3 Universal demand This register records the maximum demand during the entire day (i.e. 00-24
register – current hours). SARAL supports one Universal (0-24hrs) maximum demand register
+ history for each of the supported energy types.
The billing Universal (0-24 hrs) demand register is similar to the current
billing Universal (0-24 hrs) demand register and store Universal (0-24 hrs)
demand data for previous billing cycles.
Table 7: Energy and demand registers in SARAL
13.3 Maximum Demand

SARAL can be configured at factory end to record maximum demand for the supported energy channels. The
demand integration period, DIP for calculating demand can be selected as either 15, 30 or 60 minutes.
Sliding MD is factory configurable. It can either be enabled or disabled. If sliding MD is enabled, sliding window
will be one third of DIP.
MD values are stored along with the date & end time of the DIP. The maximum value of demand can occur at
any time during a DIP, but SARAL logs the MD occurrence time as the end time of that respective DIP. For
example, if the maximum value of demand occurs at any point of time ranging between 2:30 to 3:00 PM, then
3:00 PM is logged as the MD occurrence time.
Only one MD register can remain active during an interval.

13.4 STOD/TOU
The following table describes the STOD components supported by SARAL:
S. No. STOD Details

components
1 Rate Registers Maximum 8 Rate registers
2 TOD MD Maximum 8 TOD MD registers

Registers
3 Day Type Maximum 4 Day Types can be defined. A day is declared as a group of multiple
time zones each assigned with a specific rate.
4 Week Type Maximum 4 Week Types can be defined. A week is divided into different days
for which energy is charged at different rates.
5 Seasons Maximum 4 Seasons can be defined. Seasons are non-overlapping periods with a
start date. Each weekday of a season is linked with a specific Day Type.
Table 8: STOD/TOU supported by SARAL
13.5 Billing
The meter automatically performs a billing action on specified billing dates. The billing action starts a new billing
cycle after transferring all billing specific contents to billing or history registers. Billing dates are specified in the
configuration. A configuration supports a maximum of 12 billing dates.
For SARAL, billing operation is triggered through following actions:

1. Arrival of billing dates
2. Significant change in configuration
3. MD reset transaction
Upon billing, the following information is stored in the history billing data:
1. Values of the main energy registers
2. Values of the rate registers
3. Values of the MD registers
4. Time and date of billing action
5. Average outage time
6. Maximum outage duration
7. Time of maximum outage
8. Time on voltage
In addition to the above parameters, following billing-wise registers will be maintained by SARAL for display:
1. Cumulative tamper count
2. Power on and off hours
For the configured sets of history billing data can be stored in roll-over mode.

13.6 Load Survey / Load Profile
Load Profile survey data comprises the energy consumption recorded by the meter at the end of fixed intervals
for a predefined number of days
Load survey feature enables the utility to monitor a customer’s consumption pattern. The profile of both energy
and electrical parameters is available. The load survey parameters are monitored at fixed intervals of 15, 30 or
60 minutes.
By default, load survey profiling is offered for five parameters at 30 minute IP for 150 days. Following
configuration is possible:
SIP Max no of load survey days
15 112
30 224
60 448
The parameters for load survey are factory configurable (SIP is field configurable). The load survey/load profile
data can also be accessed via the base computer software. The meter can record following parameters for the
load survey:
1. Phase voltage
2. Metering current
3. Temperature
4. Energy consumption – Same as main energy (Other than defrauded)
13.7 Energy Snapshot Logging

SARAL logs the following three types of snapshots:
1. Midnight snapshot
2. Audit snapshot
13.7.1 Midnight snapshot

SARAL takes a daily snapshot of the energy registers at every midnight and stores data for up to last 90 days
(default 35 days). The meter does not record midnight snapshots when the power was off for a complete day.
The snapshot data will consist of:
Energy – as selected (other than defrauded)
13.7.2 Audit snapshot

SARAL takes a snapshot of energy registers on weekly basis (Sunday to Sunday) and stores data of the last 52
weeks.
The snapshot data will consist of:
Energy – as selected (other than defrauded)
13.8 QoS Support

Some utilities require monitoring the Quality of Supply (QoS) conditions. These are logged as events with date
and time stamping.
Following parameters can be configured for monitoring quality of supply:
Average outage time

Maximum outage duration
Time of maximum outage
Time on voltage
13.9 Metrological Output

SARAL supports one metrological LED.
The Actuator is used to configure the flashing of the LED as per the consumption of active or apparent energy.
Upon pressing the display actuator for 5 seconds on either active or apparent energy, the LED’s flashing
switches to the displayed energy. The metrological LED cannot be configured on defrauded energy. Energy
parameters coming under auto cycle does not affect the LED blinking.
On midnight crossover, flashing of the LED reverts to its default energy. The default energy for the LED is
Active.
13.10 Time Set

Upon requests to change the meter time, irrespective of the amount of change required, SARAL sets the meter
clock to the new time. On backward time set or forward time set to new date, the existing day of load survey is
closed and a new survey day is started from the new date and time. (Note: This is not applicable if forward time
set is done for the same date)
13.11 Fraud Metering

In fraud metering mode, SARAL computes energy based on I maximum and V nominal as follows:
Fraud energy = I maximum × V nominal
13.12 Single Wire Metering

SARAL will do metering even when it is not power-up and current is flowing either through phase or neutral
element (e.g. Earth load). The energy register will be advanced considering reference parameters configurable
at factory end.
13.13 Field configurable transactions

Following is the list of transactions which can be performed on SARAL meters in the field:
Time set
SIP change
DIP change
Bill dates change
Tariff change
Maximum demand reset
Tamper reset
Authorization password change
Authorization keys change

13.14 Metrology and Calibration Support
SARAL supports monitoring with Accuchek, a meter testing product from Secure Meters, through metro LED, for
its error testing in either a laboratory or in field. Error-testing can be done for both active and apparent energies
for SARAL.
14 Events Logging
Apart from logging electrical energy and billing data, SARAL can also be configured to record a pre-defined
operating or electrical conditions identified as events. These events become handy to detect different
conditions such as attempted tampers and electrical condition monitoring.
SARAL detects and logs such conditions with special logics built into the metering software. The meter logs an
event for both occurrence and restoration of any event. For occurrence, an event is logged if it persists for a
duration greater than a pre-defined time identified as ’persistence time-occurrence’. Similarly, when the
conditions return to normal and stay normal, the meter logs an event after a predefined period identified as
’persistence time-restoration’. Once recorded, an event can be made available in the meter readings.
14.1 Event Compartments

SARAL can log a particular type of events in a pre-defined area of memory, also known as a compartment,
configured while building the tariff through the tool. Ten configurable compartments for event-logging are
available in SARAL. Generally, only one type of events can be accommodated in a particular compartment.
Events in a particular compartment can be configured to be logged with or without snapshots; this is
configurable at factory end for a complete compartment and not for each event type in the compartment.
Available events are categorized into following types –
Compartment number Event category Compartment number Event category

1 Voltage 6 Non-rollover events
2 Current 7 Others
3 Power 8 Others
4 Transaction 9 Others
5 Critical 10 Others
Table 9: Event compartments in SARAL
Note:
Except compartment 6, all compartments are of rollover type.
14.2 Event Support

The interoperability standards prescribe the division of events into compartments as –
Event Fixed compartment Max number of events per Snapshot
compartment
High voltage 1 Yes
50
Low voltage 1
Earth Load 2 50 Yes

Current reversal 2
Power failure Power on/off 3 50 No
Time set 4 No
DIP change 4
SIP change 4 50
Bill date change 4
TOU tariff change 4
Magnet 5 Yes
Single Wire Metering 5 100
Neutral Disturbance 5
Cover Open Detection 6 50 No
Password change 7 No
AES Key change 7
50
Tamper Reset 7
MD Reset 7
NVM failure 10 No
50
Low battery 10
Table 10: Division of events into compartments in SARAL
While the date and time stamp, and event type code, is logged as default; the following parameters can be
logged as snapshots –
Phase voltage
Metering current
Neutral current
Power factor
Cumulative energies
15 Revenue Protection
Some of the revenue protection features are as follows:
1. Wrong Connections / Reverse Tamper - Reverse current occurs when the phase and neutral wires
are connected to the wrong inputs thus causing current to flow in the opposite direction. SARAL
ensures revenue protection even in this case.
2. Single Wire Metering - The single-wire tampering condition occurs when any one supply wire is
disconnected from the power meter. When one supply wire is disconnected, there is no voltage input
and thus no output is generated by the power supply. The meter ensures that billing is continued during
a missing neutral condition--that is, a single-wire tamper.
3. Earth Load - An earth fault means that some of the load has been connected to another ground
potential and not the neutral wire.
4. Neutral Disturbance - Meter shall detect neutral disturbance if any spurious signal is applied at the
neutral terminal of the meter.
5. Cover Open detection - The meter has the capability to record opening of the front cover. If somebody
tries to tamper the meter by opening its front cover then it will log an event in its memory.
6. Magnet influence - The meter has the capability of detecting and recording of presence of abnormal
magnetic influence near the meter, if the magnetic influence affects the meter functionality.
7. Conducted and Radiated Spark – The meter has the capability of detecting and recording of
conducted and radiated spark events in the external abnormal interference. In this period there is no
impact on the metering.

16 External Communication
16.1 Active Mode

In active mode, half-duplex asynchronous communication is supported through the IEC1107 optical
communication port or RS 232 port over micro USB. While the default baud rate is 9600 baud, SARAL supports
only the ICS protocol for communication in active mode. A secure link must be first established between the
server (SARAL in this case) and the client (like BCS). All communication is standard OBIS code profile based
where a client queries for required information in the form of standard OBIS codes. The server then responds to
those OBIS codes through standard profiles. A complete standard meter reading comprises of four reading
sessions as under -
16.1.1 Meter readings – Instantaneous session
Instantaneous parameters are read through this session.
16.1.2 Meter readings – Readings session
This session reads billing-set wise – current and history bill-sets can be read through the standard readings.
16.1.3 Meter readings – Load survey session
Either the whole or selective (subject to availability) load survey readings are available in SARAL. It is possible
to read load survey data from a defined SIP on a particular earlier date to a desired SIP on some other earlier or
current date through the standard readings.
16.1.4 Meter readings – Events session
In this session, events information available in SARAL is read in the form of standard event profiles. Each event
log has a separate profile and log profiles are read sequentially.
16.2 Sub-active Mode (Battery Mode)

Under sub-active mode, SARAL operates in the absence of mains supply on battery backup and supports meter
reading and display read features (manual display). One needs to touch the actuator for 5 seconds to enable
reading in Sub-active mode. Meter reader must start the reading within next 20 seconds of entering the Sub-
active mode. Maximum data reading of 10 minutes is possible in 1 month.
17 Display Formats
A list of all supported display parameters is shown below. The significance of each parameter is described. Any
of these parameters can be selected to be displayed on the LCD. The position of the selected parameter in the
display sequence can be configured at the factory end.
Miscellaneous
All segments ON Program name Meter serial number

Frequency Number of billing actions (MD Phase To Neutral Voltage
resets)
Line Current: phase Metering Net Active Power Metering Apparent Power
Power factor Cumulative status of current First occurred tamper

related tampers
Cumulative status of tampers other Line current of element with Present status of current
than current and potential greatest current related tampers
Present status of potential related Present status of tampers other Cumulative status of potential
tampers than current and potential related tampers
Last occurred tamper Last restored tamper Self Diagnostic
Line current: neutral Meter serial number – High Order Battery Status
Time and Date

Real time Date Current time from the seasonal
time
Current date from the seasonal time Time of billing action (MD reset) Date of billing action (MD reset)
Time of first occurred tamper Date of first occurred tamper Time of last occurred tamper
Date of last occurred tamper Time of last restored tamper Date of last restored tamper
Energy Registers
High Resolution Active Energy High Resolution Apparent Energy Current Active Energy Register
Register Register
Hist 1 Active Energy Register Current Apparent Energy Register Hist 1 Apparent Energy
Register
Tariff Rate Registers
Current TOD Active Energy Register Hist 1 TOD Active Energy Register Current TOD Apparent Energy
(Reg 1) (Reg 1) Register (Reg 1)
where i = 1 to 8 depending on where n = 1 to 3 depending on where i = 1 to 8 depending on

selected register history and i = 1 to 8 depending on selected register
selected register

Hist 1 TOD Apparent Energy
Register (Reg 1)
where n = 1 to 3 depending on
history and i = 1 to 8 depending on
selected register
Tariff MD Register Value
Current MD Active Energy Register Hist 1 MD Active Energy Register Current MD Apparent Energy
(0-24 hrs) (0-24 hrs) Register (0-24 hrs)
where i = U(0-24 hrs) or 1 to 8 where n =1 to 3 based on history where i = U(0-24 hrs) or 1 to 8

depending on selected register and i =U(0-24 hrs) or 1 to 8 based depending on selected register
on selected register
Hist 1 MD Apparent Energy Register
(0-24 hrs)
where n =1 to 3 based on history and

i =U(0-24 hrs) or 1 to 8 based on
selected register
MD Time
Current MD Time Active Energy Hist 1 MD Time Active Energy Current MD Time Apparent
Register (0-24 hrs) Register (0-24 hrs) Energy Register (0-24 hrs)

depending on selected register and i =U(0-24 hrs) or 1 to 8 based depending on selected register
Hist 2 MD Time Apparent Energy
Register (0-24 hrs)

selected register

MD Date
Current MD Date Active Energy Hist 1 MD Date Active Energy Current MD Date Apparent
Register (0-24 hrs) Register (0-24 hrs) Energy Register (0-24 hrs)

depending on selected register and i =U(0-24 hrs) or 1 to 8 based depending on selected
Hist 1 MD Date Apparent Energy

Register (0-24 hrs)

selected register
Cumulative MD Register
Hist 1 CMD Reg Active Energy Hist 1 CMD Reg Apparent Energy
Register (0-24 hrs) Register (0-24 hrs)
where n =1 to 3 based on history and where n =1 to 3 based on history

i =U(0-24 hrs) or 1 to 8 based on and i =U(0-24 hrs) or 1 to 8 based
selected register on selected register
General Parameters
Power on hours Power off hours Tamper count
Average power factor Power on-off count
Manual Displays

High Resolution Active Energy Current Active Energy Register
Register

Notes

Notes

Secure Meters Limited
Pratapnagar Industrial Area
Udaipur 313 003
India
t: + 91 294 2492300
f: +91 294 2492310

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SARAL

Intelligent single-phase energy meter

Saral® is a registered trade name of Secure Meters Ltd.

Page 2 of 36 BGX701-071-R01, Saral Reference Manual Public

Public BGX701-071-R01, Reference Manual Page 3 of 36

Page 4 of 36 BGX701-071-R01, Saral Reference Manual Public

3 Precautions and Safety Practices

Public BGX701-071-R01, Reference Manual Page 5 of 36

BCS Base Computer Software

CFB Corrugated Fiber Board

DIP Demand Integration Period

ICS Indian Companion Specification

LCD Liquid Crystal Display

LED Light Emitting Diode

NVM Non Volatile Memory

OBIS Object Identification System

P-N Phase to Neutral

QoS Quality of Supply

RTC Real Time Clock

SIP Survey Integration Period

TOD Time Of Day

TOU Time Of Use

Page 6 of 36 BGX701-071-R01, Saral Reference Manual Public

The salient features of SARAL are:

Connection type Direct connected

Public BGX701-071-R01, Reference Manual Page 7 of 36

Surge and impulse withstand

Dimensions (W x H x D) 93.6 mm x129 mm x 60.5 mm (approx.)

Page 8 of 36 BGX701-071-R01, Saral Reference Manual Public

Transparent, extended, top hinged, with single ‘U’ cut-

Base and Cover fixing

-10 ºC to +55 ºC operating

Table 1: General specifications

Public BGX701-071-R01, Reference Manual Page 9 of 36

Figure 1: Physical features

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Public BGX701-071-R01, Reference Manual Page 11 of 36

Page 12 of 36 BGX701-071-R01, Saral Reference Manual Public

Figure 3: Display features

9.1 Manual mode (Using actuator)

Public BGX701-071-R01, Reference Manual Page 13 of 36

9.3 Display in Absence of Mains (Sub-Active Mode)

10 Internal connection details

Figure 4: Connection diagram

Page 14 of 36 BGX701-071-R01, Saral Reference Manual Public

Figure 5: Overall dimensions

12.1 Preparing for Installation

Public BGX701-071-R01, Reference Manual Page 15 of 36

Figure 6: Mounting options in SARAL (without and with meter box)

S. No. Mounting type Mounting arrangements Vertical distance Horizontal distance

12.1.1 Selecting an appropriate mounting location

12.1.2 Selecting suitable mounting screws

Page 16 of 36 BGX701-071-R01, Saral Reference Manual Public

12.1.3 Selecting the cable (For all the variants)

12.1.4 Required Tools and Accessories

12.2 SARAL Installation Procedure

Note - Meter installation should be done by skilled person only.

Public BGX701-071-R01, Reference Manual Page 17 of 36

12.2.2 Mounting the SARAL

12.2.3 Preparing Cables for termination

Table 5: Internal bore diameters of all the terminals

12.2.4 Making Connections

Page 18 of 36 BGX701-071-R01, Saral Reference Manual Public

Figure 8: Terminal block dimensions for 10-60 A model