CAT

MBA ELITE 2024

QUANTITATIVE APTITUDE DPP: 1

Percentage - 1

Q1 A number is increased by 30% and then (C) Rs. 100 (D) Rs. 110
decreased by 40% . Find the net
Q6 Numerator of a fraction is increased by 50% ,
increase/decrease %.
but simultaneously denominator is decreased
(A) 20
by 50% . As a result we get 18
. The fraction is
(B) 22 7

(A) 6

(C) 32 7

(D) No increase/decrease (B) 3

(C) 2

5
Q2 City C population in the year 2017 was (D) 6

5
1, 20, 000 . In the year 2018 , due the pandemic
the population drops by 20% but it again Q7 In a classroom, there are 20% less girls than
increases by 20% in the upcoming year. Find boys. Out of the boys, 60% have applied for a
the population of city C in 2019. scholarship, and out of the girls, 55% have
(A) 1, 15, 200 (B) 1, 10, 000 applied for the scholarship. The percentage of
(C) 1, 20, 000 (D) 1, 22, 000 the total number of students who have applied
for the scholarship is closest to?
Q3 32% of a number after adding 5 is equal to 16 . (A) 57 (B) 58
Find the number. (C) 59 (D) 60
(A) 42 (B) 50
(C) 44 (D) 45 Q8 Suvarn and Suramya both appear for an
entrance test. Suvarn scores 65% marks and
Q4 Suman salary is 20% more than that of Amar passes the test by 50 marks. Suramya scores
but less by 40% than that of Heman. If the 50% marks and fails the test by 40 marks. By
difference in salary of Heman and Aman is Rs. what percentage of the total score is the
30,000. Then Suman's salary = average score of these two people more than
(A) Rs. 36,000 (B) Rs. 40,000 the passing marks in the test?
(C) Rs. 32,000 (D) Rs. 33,000 (A) 0.5% (B) 0.83%

Q5 Shivam spent 35% of his amount in buying a (C) 1.10% (D) 1.2%

milk packet, 30% of amount in buying biscuit Q9 Chris Gardner saves 25% of his salary every
and 15% on purchasing Dahi. He is left with Rs. month starting March 2021. After four months,
16 after all the transactions. Find the initial he receives a raise of 20% and hence, decides
amount of Shivam. to save 30% of his salary. His overall expenditure
(A) Rs. 90 (B) Rs. 80

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for the year is approximately what percent of by 20% and 25%, respectively. However, in April,
his total salary for the financial year? the price was reduced by 10% on account of a
(A) 70.6% (B) 72.4% promotional offer to boost sales. If the Price per
(C) 71.5% (D) 73.6% pack in April was Rs. 540, find the initial
introductory price.
Q10 Exofbro, an MNC, promises its employees a 10%
(A) 300 (B) 400
incentive of the total sales target achieved by
(C) 500 (D) 600
them in a given financial year. However, after
the end of the first quarter, they realize that Q14 A salesman is working for a pharma company.
every employee had already achieved 55% of He earns a fixed salary of ₹ 20,000 per month
the target. Forecasting that twice the target and a commission of 8% on total annual sales
will be achieved by the end of the financial year (done by him). What is the total annual sales (in
by every employee, the company revised the ₹) done by him, if on average, he earns₹ 26,000
percentage incentive for the next three per month?
quarters in such a way that the overall incentive (A) Rs. 4,00,000
received by any employee for the financial year (B) Rs. 5,00,000
will still remain the same. Find that new (C) Rs. 9,00,000
percentage incentive set for the remaining year. (D) None of the Above
(A) 2% approx (B) 4.2% approx
Q15 On a morning prayer all the students of a
(C) 3.1% approx (D) 5.0% approx
school stand in three rows, the first row has 20%
Q11 Salary of Mahesh is hiked by 20% but his more students than the second row and the
savings increased by only 10%. Find out the third row contains 20% less students than the
percentage change in his expenditure if his second row. If the total number of students in all
initial salary was Rs. 20000. the rows is 600, then find the number of
(A) 8% students in the first row.
(B) cannot be determined (A) 240 (B) 120
(C) 16% (C) 160 (D) 200
(D) 10%
Q16 The population of a town is 6000. If the number
Q12 Mohan owned 66
2

3
% of a property. If 30% of of males increases by 10% and the number of
property that he owns is worth Rs. 125000 , females increases by 20%, then the population
then 45% of the value (Rs.) of the property is: becomes 6800. Find the population of females
(A) Rs. 2, 62, 500 in the town now.
(B) Rs. 2, 70, 000 (A) 4000
(C) Rs, 2, 25, 000 (B) 2400
(D) Rs. 2, 81, 250 (C) 2000
(D) None of the above
Q13 KFC introduces special Spicy Zinger nuggets on
New year’s eve. The price per pack was Q17 The total number of students in a class remains
increased in the months of February and March same if the number of girls is increased by 50%

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and the number of boys is decreased by 25%. the total number of balls is Green. If there are
By what percentage does the number of 133 yellow balls then find the difference
students increase, if the number of boys and between the number of Red balls and number
the number of girls increase by 20% and 60% of green balls in the tank?
respectively? (A) 45 (B) 90
(A) 28.56% (B) 33.33% (C) 30 (D) 60
(C) 14.28% (D) 16.67%
Q23 In the year 2020, Vishal got 20% more incentive
Q18 The sum of 120% of 220 and 560% of 625% of 20 in 3rd month than what he got in 2nd month. His
is equal to the sum of 80% of 180% of 250 and X. incentive in 4th month was 7
61

What is the value of 150% of X?
Q19 Obama bought some number of shirts. He gave
70% of the total shirts to Johnson and the rest
of the shirts to Biden. Next day, he buys 25%
more shirts than the previous day. If he gave
10% more shirts to Johnson than the previous
day, then the number of shirts given to Biden is
what percent more than the previous day?
Q24 Santa has 3 companies A, B and C and also a
Q20 There are four numbers such that A is 60% more
than B and C is 30% less than the sum of B and
A. If D is 10% more than C and the difference
between D and B is 3006, then find the value of
C.
Q21 The price of an iPhone increased by 20% and
then decreased by 15%. The price of an android
smartphone increased by 15% and then
decreased by 20%. If the final prices of both the
items are the same, find the ratio of the initial
price of the iPhone to the initial price of an
android smartphone.
(A) 187
207
77
% more than
what he got in the 3rd month. If he got Rs. 4500
as incentive in the first month and the
difference in incentives received in 4th month
and 2nd month is Rs. 1130, then the total
incentive received by Vishal in the first four
months is:
(A) Rs. 17950 (B) Rs. 16480
(C) Rs. 18560 (D) None of these
trust X which manages the charitable activities
of Santa. Each company has to give 5% charity
to the trust X excluding the loan which the
company has taken from other companies of
the group. Company A has given a loan to
company B, which is 10% of B's total funding
prior to loan. After receiving the loan, company
B has twice the fund of company C. If company
C gives Rs. 20,000 as a donation to trust X, how
much is the approx contribution of company B
to trust X.
(A) Rs. 36000 (B) Rs. 36300
(C) Rs. 28500 (D) Rs. 35500

(B) 46

51 Q25 In a bag, there are 150 coins having

(C) 23

27 denominations Rs. 1, Rs. 2 and Rs. 5 with at least

(D) 19

21 one coin of each denomination being present in

the bag. The total value of Re. 1 coins is at least
Q22 In a tank full of plastic balls of 4 different
50% of the total value of the coin in the bag. If
colours, 18% of the total number of balls is Red,
there are 23 Rs. 5 coins and the total value of
4/9 of total number of balls is Blue, and 8% of

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Rs. 2 coins is at least 3% of the total value of bought a product while the rest didn’t. Out of
the coins in the bag, find the total number of Rs. those who bought the product, 40% saw its
2 coins in the bag. online advertisement while 60% didn’t. Of those
(A) 1 (B) 2 who didn’t buy the product, 45% saw its online
(C) 3 (D) 4 advertisement while 55% didn’t. What is the
ratio of those who bought the product and saw
Q26 In an examination of PW Mock CAT, Mohan
its online advertisement to those who watched
scored 92% marks, Nishant scored 56% and
the advertisement online but didn’t buy it?
Samarth scored 634 marks out of the total
(A) 8:21 (B) 24:35
marks. Average marks scored by them was 643.
(C) 40: 63 (D) None of these
What percentage of the total marks did
Samarth get in the Mock CAT exam? (Round Q29 In an examination, 55% of the candidates
your answer off to the nearest integer) passed in English and 75% of the candidates
passed in history, but 20% failed in both of these
Q27 The amount of money that Dia gave to her
subjects. If 3200 candidates passed in both the
friend is 69% of the amount remaining with her.
subjects, the number of candidates who
Had Dia given 20% less money than she has
appeared at the examination was?
given to her friend now, she would have Rs. 434
(A) 4800 (B) 9600
more than she had previously. What
(C) 6400 (D) 7200
approximate percent is Rs. 3000 of the total
amount of money she had? Q30 Monthly income of A is 25% more than B and
(A) 85% (B) 122% 20% less than C. Monthly expenditure of B is
(C) 91% (D) 56% 20% more than C and 25% less than A. If A saves
60% of his monthly income, then the monthly
Q28 The marketing unit of a company found that
savings of B is approximately what percent of
out of the base of its potential customers, 30%
monthly savings of C?

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Answer Key
Q1 (B) Q16 (B)

Q2 (A) Q17 (B)

Q3 (D) Q18 906

Q4 (A) Q19 60

Q5 (B) Q20 5460

Q6 (A) Q21 (B)

Q7 (B) Q22 (A)

Q8 (B) Q23 (A)

Q9 (C) Q24 (B)

Q10 (C) Q25 (D)

Q11 (B) Q26 72

Q12 (D) Q27 (D)

Q13 (B) Q28 (A)

Q14 (C) Q29 (C)

Q15 (A) Q30 50

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Hints & Solutions

Q1 Text Solution: = 96, 000 ×
6

Topic - Percentages 5

Let the number be x

Increased by 30%
30 13x
= x + ( × x) =
100 10

Now, it's decreased by 40% = 1, 15, 200

So, number after decrement Q3 Text Solution:

Topic - Percentages
13x 40 13x
= − ( × ) Let the number be x .
10 100 10
Then,
32
(x + 5) = 16
13x 13x 100
= −
or 2x + 10 = 100
10 25
65x − 26x or x = 45
=
50
Q4 Text Solution:
39
= x Topic - Percentages
50
Let Aman salary be Rs. x
Because x , so number finally decreased
39x
Then, Suman slary = Rs. (x + Rs.
x 6x
> ) =
50
5 5
39x
x−
and Heman salary =
100 6x
Net decrease % =
x
50
× 100 (
100−40
×
5
)

5 6x
= Rs. ( × )
11x 1 3 5

= × × 100
= Rs. 2x
50 x

= 22% Difference = 2x − x = x

or x = Rs. 30,000
Q2 Text Solution: Then Suman's salary =
6×30,000

Topic - Percentages = Rs. 36,000

Given, population of City C in the year
Q5 Text Solution:
= 1, 20, 000
Topic - Percentages
Population in the year 2018
Let the initial amount of Shivam had be Rs. x .
100 − 20 Spending of Shivam = (35 + 30 + 15)% of x
= 1, 20, 000 ( )
100
80 4x
= 96, 000 = ( × x) =
100 5

Again, population in the year 2019

Remaining amount = (x −
4x

5
) =
x

100 + 20 Also, x
= 16
5
= 96, 000 ( )
100 or x = 80

So, Shivam had Rs. 80 initially.

Q6 Text Solution:

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Topic - Percentages
Looking at the option, Similarly, Suramya scores 50% = 1

2
× 100x = 50x
and he fails by 40 marks. Thus, passing marks
50
6+( ×6)
6+3
(a)
100

=
7−(
50

100
×7)
7−3.5
are 50x + 40.
=
9
=
90
=
18
Equating the passing marks,
3.5 35 7

Satisfy 65x - 50 = 50x + 40

3+(
50
×3)
or 15x = 90
(b)
100 4.5 45 9

2−(
50
×2)
=
1
=
10
=
2 or x = 6
100

1
Total marks = 100x = 100 × 6 = 600.
2+( ×2)

(c) Thus, marks of Suvarn = 65 × 6 = 390

2 3 3 6
= = =
1 5−2.5 2.5 5
5−( ×5)
2
Suramya = 300.
390 + 300

6 + (
1
× 6) 9 18
Average marks of the two = 2
= 345.
2
(d)
1
= =
Pass marks = 50x + 40 = 50 × 6 + 40 = 340.
5 − ( × 5) 2.5 5
2
Difference to total marks = 5 out of 600.
Q7 Text Solution: 5
× 100 = 0.83 %.
600
Topic - Percentages Hence, option B is the correct answer.
Suppose there are 100 boys, so girls are 20% or
Q9 Text Solution:
1/5th lesser, i.e. (1 − of 100 = 80.
1
)
5
Topic - Percentages
Total
Out of the boys, 60% or of 100 = 60 have
3
salar savin Expense
5
Time (n) expense
opted. y g (E)
(E x n)
First 4
Out of the girls, 55% or (
11

20
) of 80= 44 have 100 25 75 300
months
opted.
Next 8
120 36 84 672
Total people who have opted= 60 + 44 = 104. months

So 104 out of the total 180Required %= 104

× 100 Assume the initial total salary per month is 100
180

= 57.77% units.

Approximately 58%. So total salary for 1st four months= 100 4 = 400.
Hence, option B is the correct answer.
Chris saves 25% = th of the salary per month,
1

Q8 Text Solution: 4

Topic - Percentages
Thus, his expense per month th of 100= 75 per
3

Suppose the total marks are 100x. 4

month for the first four months.

Suvarn scores 65% = 13

× 100x = 65x and he
20
So total expense for the first four months = 75 ×
passes by 50 marks. Thus, passing marks are
4 = 300 units.
65x - 50.

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 CAT

We now need to find what is the remaining

We can make similar calculations for the next 8 incentive (4.5) out of the remaining target (145).
months of the year.
Thus, 145
4.5
100 = 3.1% approx.
New salary =20% or more= 100+20 = 120 units.
1

5
Hence, option C is the correct answer.

Q11 Text Solution:

So total salary for the next 8 months = 120 × 8 =
Topic - Percentages
960 units.
Let us assume, the initial savings of Mahesh =
100x
Chris saves 30% or th of the salary.
3

10 His expenditure = Rs. (20000 - 100x)

His new salary = 20000 1.2 = Rs. 24000
Thus, expense per month = 70% of 120 = 84 His new savings = 100x 1.1 =Rs. 110x
units. His new expenditure = Rs. (24000 - 110x)
Percentage change in expenditure =
Total expense = 84 8 = 672. (24000−110x)−(20000−100x)
× 100
20000−100x

We can’t proceed further as we cannot remove

Total expense = 300 + 672 = 972.
the variable ‘x’ from the equation.

Total income 400 + 960 = 1360.

Hence, option B is the correct answer.

Required percentage=
972
× 100 = 71.5% Q12 Text Solution:
1360

(approx) (C) Topic - Percentages

Hence, option C is the correct answer. Here, we need to understand the multiplication
factors corresponding to the percentage
Q10 Text Solution:
equivalents.
Topic - Percentages
Let the amount of Property owned by Mohan
Let the target sales per individual be 100 units.
be X.
The overall incentive promised = × 100 = 10
1

We know that, 33 3 %
10 1 1
=
units. 2 1
3
1 2
66 % ⇒ 2 × 33 ⇒ 2 × ⇒
In the first quarter, the employees had already 3 3 3 3

(multiplying factor for

achieved 55% of the target , 55 units on which
).
2
66 %
the incentive was paid @ 10% i.e. h = 5.5
1
3

Similarly, for 30% and 45% .

10 3 9
= =
Remaining incentive = 10 - 5.5 = 4.5 units. 10 20

Now, according to the question, we have,

3 2
× × X = 125000
The forecast said twice the target will be 10 3

or X = 625000
achieved, so revised target = 200 out of which
Now, 45% of
55 is achieved, so for the remaining three
625000 =
9
× 625000 = Rs. 2, 81, 250 .
quarters, target = 200 - 55 = 145. 20

Hence, option D is correct.

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Q13 Text Solution: Hence, 120x + 100x + 80x = 300x (which is given
Topic - Percentages as 600 in the question)
Let the initial price be Rs. 100. Therefore, 300x600 or x=2
Hence, total number of students in first row will
In February, the price will be 20% or
1

5
more
6

5
be 120x = 1202 = 240 students.
times the original =
6
× 100 = 120. Hence, option A is correct.
5

Q16 Text Solution:

In March, the price will further grow by 25% or
1

5 Topic - Percentages
more times that in February = × 120 = 150.
5 5

4 4 Let the numbers of male in the population of

6000 be m, then the numbers of female will be
This price is further reduced by 10% or less
1 9

10 10 6000-m.
times that in March Now, male increase by 10%, hence new male
In April it will be 9

10
× 150 = 135. population =1.1(m) and female increase by 20%,
135 ↔ 540 (4 times) new female population =1.2(6000-m).
So the original price will be the assumed price The increased population = 6800
100 × 4 times = 400. So, according to the question:
Hence, option B is the correct answer. 1.1m + 60001.2-1.2m = 6800
Q14 Text Solution: or -0.1m = 6800 - 7200
or m = = 4000.
400

Topic - Percentages 0.1

Actual salary = ₹20000 Hence, the female population will be = 6000 -

Average salary = ₹26000 4000 = 2000
Average commission earned by him = 26000 - New female population =120% × 2000 = 2400.
20000 Hence, option B is correct.
= 6000. Q17 Text Solution:
Total commission earned by him = 12 × 6000 = Topic - Percentages
72000. According to the question, we have,
Let the total annual sale = X. 150%G = 75%B
According to the question, G
=
1
= 12
B 2

8% of X = 72000. Now, let the total number of students be 300,

X= 72000

8
× 100 = 900000. hence, number of boys will be 200 and girls will
Hence option (c) is the correct choice. be 100.
Q15 Text Solution: Now, there is certain increase in the numbers of
Topic - Percentages boys and girls which are 20% and 60%
Let, the second row contain 100x students, then respectively.
the first row will have 120x students (20% more Therefore, new boys strength =120% × 200 = 240.
students) and the third row will have 80x and new girls strength = 160% × 100 = 160.
students (20% less students). Hence, new number of students = 240 + 160 =
400.

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 CAT

Therefore, % increase =
400 − 300
× 100 = 33 3 %.
1
Therefore, C = 1.82 × 3000 = 5460.
300

Hence, option B is correct. Q21 Text Solution:

Q18 Text Solution: Topic - Percentages
Topic - Percentages Let the price of iPhone be 100x
120% of 220 + 560% of 625% of 20 = 80% of 180% => the final price is = [ 100x + (20 – 15 –
)100x ] = 102x.
20 × 15
of 250 + X 100

=> 264+ 700 = 360 + X Let the price of an android smartphone be

=> X = 604 100y.
The final price is = [ 100y + (15-20- )100y ]
20 × 15
So, value of 150% of X = × 604 = 906.
150

100 100

= 92y
Q19 Text Solution:
By the given condition,
Topic - Percentages
102x = 92y
Let Obama bought 100 shirts on the first day.
=> = = .
x 92 46

Therefore, number of shirts Johnson got = 70 y 102 51

Number of shirts Biden got = 30 Q22 Text Solution:

Number of shirts Obama bought on next day = Topic - Percentages
100 × = 125
125

100
Let total number of balls in tank = X
Number of shirts Johnson got on next day = 70× So, number of red balls =
18X

100

= 77
110

100
Number of blue balls = 4X

Number of shirts Biden got on next day = 125 - Number of green balls = 100
8X

77 = 48 Number of Yellow balls = X - [ 18X + 4X

+ 8X
]=
100 9 100

Required percentage = (48 - 30) × = 18 ×

100 10
266X
30 3
900

= 60%. Given
Q20 Text Solution:
266X

900
= 133
Topic - Percentages X= 900

2
= 450
A = 1.6B Required difference = 18X

100
- 8X

100
= 10X

100
= 450

10
=
And C = 0.7 × (A+B) 45.
C = 0.7 (1.6B + B) Q23 Text Solution:
C = 0.7 × 2.6B Topic - Percentages
C = 1.82B Let the incentive received by Vishal in 2nd
Given, month = x
D = 1.10 × C Then incentive received by Vishal in 3rd month =
D= 1.10 × 1.82B 1.2x
D = 2.002B Now, 7 61 %= 600
= 6

77 7700 77
According to the question,
Incentive received by Vishal in 4th month
D - B = 3006
= 1.2x × (1 + 6
)
2.002B – B = 3006 77

= 99.6x

1.002B = 3006 77

As, per data,

B = 3000

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 CAT
99.6x

77
– x = 1130 But for b = 1, 2 or 3 the percentage will be < 3%.
Solving, we get x = Rs 3850 Hence, only one value i.e. b = 4 satisfies the
So, Vishal’s incentive in 2nd month = Rs 3850 question.
Incentive in 3rd month = 1.2x = Rs 4620 Hence, option D is correct.
Incentive in 4th month = 99.6x

77
= Rs 4980 Q26 Text Solution:
Therefore, Topic - Percentages
Required sum = 4500 + 3850 + 4620 + 4980 = Rs Let the maximum marks be x; then marks
17950. scored by Mohan be 0.92x, by Nishant 0.56x
Q24 Text Solution: and by Samarth be 634.
Topic - Percentages Hence, total will be
Let us start with company C, which gave Rs. 0.92x + 0.56x + 634 = 1.48x + 634
1.48x + 634
20,000 donation. Also, . 3
= 643

or 5% of C’s fund = 20,000 or 1.48x + 634 = 643 x 3

or C’s fund =
20000
× 100=4,00,000 or 1.48x = 1295
5

Now, B’s fund after taking the loan = 2 × C’s fund or x = 875.
= 2 × 400000 = Rs. 8,00,000 Hence, the percentage of Samarth will be
Also, company B has got a loan from company = 634

875
x 100 = 72. 45% or 72% approx
A which is 10% of its total fund prior to loan, Q27 Text Solution:
or 110% of B’s fund = 800000 Topic - Percentages
or B’s fund = × 100
800000

110 Let the amount remaining with Dia be Rs. A.

Hence, Donation by company B So, amount given to friend = 69% of A= 0.69A
= × 100 × = Rs. 36363.63 (approx.)
800000 5

110 100 Total amount she had = A + 0.69A = 1.69A

Hence, option B is correct. For the second case:
Q25 Text Solution: Amount given to friend = 0.8 × 0.69A
Topic - Percentages Amount left with Dia = A + 434
We have, total number of coins 150 , which So, A+ 0.69A = 0.8 × 0.69A + A+ 434
means a + b + c = 150 , where a, b and c are the 0.2 × 0.69A = 434
number of coins of Re. 1, Rs. 2 and Rs.5 A = 3144.9 ≈ 3145
respectively. Total Amount she had = 1.69 × 3145 = 5315.05.
Required percentage = × 100 = 56.44 ≈
3000
Now, it has been given that, 5315.05

a ≥
1
(a + 2b + 5c) 56%.
2

or 50 ≥ b + 2c
Q28 Text Solution:
Also, c = 23 , therefore, 50 ≥ b + 2(23) or Topic - Percentages
b ≤ 4 or or we can say that, b can have Let the total number of potential customers =
values 1, 2, 3 and 4. 100
If b = 4 , then a = 123 , and the value of Rs. 2 30% bought the product, 30 customers bought
coins will be . the product while 70 didn’t buy it.
=
8
> 3%
123 + 8 + 115

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 CAT

Out of 30 customers, 40% saw the And, monthly expenditure of C = ( 10 ) ×

3a 100

120
=
a

advertisement, so 12 customers who bought the Monthly savings of C =

5a
-
a
=a
4 4
a

product saw the advertisement while 18

Therefore, percentage = × 100 = 50%.
2

a
customers who bought the product didn’t see
the advertisement.
Out of 70 customers who didn’t buy the
product, 45% saw the advertisement, so
customers saw the
63
70 × 45% =
2

advertisement and didn’t buy it while

customers didn’t buy the
63 77
70 − =
2 2

product nor saw the advertisement.

So, the required ratio
= 12:
63

= 24 : 63
= 8 : 21
Option (1) is correct.

Q29 Text Solution:

Topic - Percentages
Candidates failed in English = (100 - 55)%= 45%
Candidates failed in History = (100 - 75)%= 25%
Candidates failed in both the classes = 20%
Candidates failed in English only = 45 - 20 =
25%.
Candidates failed in History only = 25 - 20 = 5%.
Total passed candidates = (100 - 25 - 5 - 20)% =
50%
50% = 3200
Total number of candidates = 6400
Hence, the correct answer is option (3).

Q30 Text Solution:

Topic - Percentages
Let monthly income of A= Rs. a
Then, monthly income of B = a × = .
100 4a

125 5

Monthly income of C = a × = .
100 5a

80 4

Monthly expenditure of A = (100 - 60)% of a =

2a

5
.
Monthly expenditure of B = 75% of 2a

5
= 3a

10
.
Monthly savings of B = 4a

5
- 3a

10
= a

2
.

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