REVISION FOR THE FIRST SEMESTER TEST

Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct
word or phrase that best fits each of the numbered blanks
The noun “memorabilia” describes items that remind you (1)_______ a certain event or time. It is derived from
the Latin word “memorare”, (2)_______ “to bring to mind”. Memorabilia are saved to help their owner
(3)_______ his or her memory. Some parents keep every drawing and report card their children bring
(4)_______. They are actually collecting memorabilia for the future. As an item of memorabilia, a t-shirt,
which is designed to commemorate an event, is (5)_______ of “been there, done that”.
1. A. about B. to C. of D. in
2. A. means B. meaning C. meant D. to mean
3. A. jog B. run C. exercise D. boost
4. A. home B. house C. household D. homeward
5. A. clues B. proof C. statement D. tips
Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct
answer to each of the questions
Human activities increasingly emit greenhouse gases, which build up in the atmosphere and warm the climate
and lead to many changes around the world: in the atmosphere, on land and in the oceans. Many of these
changes have positively and negatively affect people, society and the environment, including plants and
animals. Major greenhouse gases remain in the atmosphere for dozens (and even hundreds) of years, so their
warming effects on the climate last for a long time, affecting both present and future generations. Climate
change encompasses not only global warming, i.e. the rising average temperature, but also extreme weather
events, shifting wildlife populations and habitats, rising seas and various other impacts. Warmer temperatures
mean that there are more and more insects that spread diseases and that heat waves are getting more lethal to
humans. Droughts and floods resulting from climate change also pose great threats to agriculture. A recent
study shows that for every rise of one degree Celsius crop yields will go down 3 to 7 percent, severely affecting
food insecurity.
1. Through their activities, man is creating _______ greenhouse gases.
A. the same amount of B. a greater amount of
C. a smaller amount of D. the greatest amount of
2. The writer agrees with all of the following EXCEPT _______.
A. The increase of greenhouse gases in the amotsphere cause warmer weather.
B. Greenhouse gases influence not only plants but also animals.
C. Greenhouse gases are of no use to the earth.
D. Greenhouse gases do not disappear quickly.
3. The word “encompass” means _______.
A. hinder B. improve C. worsen D. include
4. Disease-spreading insects are mentioned as an example consequence of _______.
A. extreme weather events B. higher temperatures
C. wildlife habitat change D. climate change
5. According to the texts, heat waves are becoming _______ to humans.
A. unbearable B. more familiar C. less severe D. dissatisfying
Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct
answer to each of the questions.
Geocaching holds an appeal to teachers and students. It offers a wide variety of physical, social and educational
benefits. It goes without saying that geocaching makes its participants physically active. Geocaches are used as
a form of point-to-point racing. What distinguishes geocaching from other races is its self-pace. It caters
individual needs of physical activity and fitness. Participants can start slowly for geocaches within short
distances before moving to next levels with cache sites over longer distances. Varying the environment in
which caches are hunted is an excellent way to build and maintain motivation. The sense of achievement and
adventure in finding a geocache also brings psychological benefits. Keeping fit by geocaching is of endless
interest thanks to its variations in locations, distances and intensity. Additionally, geocaching offers the
camaraderie that comes with belonging and being part of a group with common interests. There are now online
communities of geocachers who are more than willing to discuss and exchange their geocaching stories. Such
communities also organise local events to socialise and talk about their interests. Well designed, geocaching
encourages group problem solving and fosters improved group communication. In terms of education, the
benefits of geocaching simply know no bound. It offers an ideal tool to enrich students’ knowledge, arouse
their interest and curiosity and combine learning with physical exercise. A well-planned geocaching activity in
a historical site exploits students’ foreknowledge and urges them to explore new information. Above all, it
naturally integrates soft skills into an academic lesson. All in all, geocaching is an excellent tool for educators
and students.
1. What is the main idea of the passage?
A. The history of geocaching B. The participants of geocaching
C. The benefits of geocaching D. The disadvantages of geocaching
2. Unlike other races, geocachers run _______.
A. from one point to another B. together as a group
C. at their own speed D. very fast at the beginning
3. The passage appreciates geocaching in all of these fields EXCEPT _______.
A. commerce B. interaction C. education D. exercise
4. Geocaching effectively maintains and improves participants’ motivation in keeping fit thanks to ____.
A. its fixed aims B. its changing environment
C. its easy requirement D. its interesting partners
5. What does “it” refer to?
A. education B. geocaching C. bound D. tool
6. Online communities of geocachers _______.
A. have few teenage members B. only have online events
C. share geocaching experience D. meet to organise events
7. The word “integrates” is closest in meaning to _______.
A. transforms B. combines C. designs D. features
Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct
word or phrase that best fits each of the numbered blanks from
Geocaching is not only an outdoor leisure activity (1)_______ a learning tool. It is (2)_______ the modern
version of treasure hunting for those who cannot stay away from their smartphones. Basically, geocaching
(3)_______ hiding and locating small containers with the (4)_______ of GPS devices. The main goal of
geocaching is to get people to go out and explore the world. (5)_______ you want to know more about the
world and can access GPS technology, you can start geocaching.
1. A. and B. but also C. as well D. or
2. A. regarded B. considered C. known D. referred
3. A. includes B. covers C. involves D. demands
4. A. access B. assistance C. use D. possession
5. A. Unless B. Now that C. Though D. As long as
Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct
answer to each of the questions from 39 to 43.
Sporting memorabilia has always been the craze among fans of all kinds of sports. Collecting sporting
memorabilia is a fun and exciting way to show your love and passion for sports. The most common reason for
collecting memorabilia is its sentimental value. Memorabilia bring back collectors’ special memories of their
favourite teams, players or sports moments. Some other people take great lengths in pursuing the rare items.
They say that the thrill of the search is as rewarding as owning one and that is an adventure of excitement.
Some others collect sports memorabilia as a form of investment. Many items get increasingly valuable over
time. These are the ones associated with legendary players or historic moments. Ultimately, collecting sports
memorabilia is a matter of personal choice depending on individual preferences and motivations. Whatever
kind of collectors, it’s undeniable that collecting sporting memorabilia is a way to show our appreciation of the
sports we love.
1. What does the passage mainly discuss?
A. The benefits of collecting memorabilia B. The ways to collect memorabilia
C. The causes of collecting memorabilia D. The guide to collect memorabilia
2. The word “craze” is closest in meaning to _______.
A. madness B. happiness C. trend D. aim
3. Which of the following is NOT true of collecting memorabilia?
A. Most people collect memorabilia for emotional reasons.
B. It is the best way to show you love a sport.
 C. Memorabilia can be a form of investment.
D. Some people try hard to own rare memorabilia.
4. It can be inferred from the passage that _______.
A. memorabilia’s value stays unchanged throughout the years
B. owning one item of memorabilia is the most important
C. what memorabilia to collect reflects collectors’ likes and dislikes
D. memorabilia are collected only for fun and childhood memories
5. What is the tone of the passage?
A. Neutral B. Approving C. Disapproving D. Sarcastic
Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct
answer to each of the questions from 44 to 50.
Greenhouse gases trap heat in the atmosphere. This natural process is what makes the surface of the Earth
warmer, making it possible for living things to survive. Greenhouse gases can be classified into four major
groups.
 Carbon dioxide (CO2) comes from the burning of fossil fuels and biological materials. When it is
absorbed by plants, it is removed from the atmosphere.
 Methane (CH4) is the by-product of the production and transportation of coal, natural gas and oil,
agricultural practices and the decay of organic waste.
 Nitrous oxide (N2O) is emitted during the agricultural and industrial activities. It is also originated from
wastewater treatment. It is absorbed by certain types of bacteria or destroyed by ultraviolet radiation or
chemical reactions. Methane is removed from the atmosphere through natural processes in soil and
chemical reactions in the atmosphere. Methane’s lifetime in the atmosphere is much shorter than carbon
dioxide, but it is much more efficient at trapping radiation.
 Fluorinated gases (CFCs) have their origins in a variety of household, commercial and industrial
application and processes. Fluorinated gases are in smaller quantities than other greenhouse gases, but
they are the most potent and longest lasting ones. Fluorinated gases are removed from the atmosphere
only when they are destroyed by sunlight in the upper atmosphere.
Each of these gases remain in at the atmosphere for a different amount of time, ranging from a few years to
thousands of years. They remain long enough to become well mixed, meaning that the amount measured in the
atmosphere is roughly the same all over the world, regardless of the source of emission.
1. The passage mainly discusses _______ of different greenhouse effects.
A. the source and the eradication B. the dangers and the benefits
C. the chemical processes D. the estimated amounts
2. Wastewater treatment is the origin of _______.
A. CO2 B. CH4 C. N2O D. CFCs
3. The word “emitted” is closest in meaning to _______.
A. stored B. used C. cleaned D. produced
4. The word “it” refers to _______.
A. carbon dioxide B. lifetime C. atmosphere D. methane
5. Which greenhouse gases are removed high up in the sky?
A. CO2 B. CH4 C. N2O D. CFCs
6. The word “potent” is closest in meaning to _______.
A. efficient B. beneficial C. influential D. common
7. Different greenhouse gases stay in the atmosphere _______.
A. for the same amount of time B. for different lengths of time
C. for roughly twenty years D. for an unknown amount of time
Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct
word or phrase that best fits each of the numbered blanks from 34 to 38.
Insomnia, a sleep (1) _____ that affects millions of people worldwide, is a condition characterised by
difficulty (2) _____ falling asleep or staying asleep. Individuals suffering from insomnia often experience
fatigue, lack of concentration, irritability, and impaired performance during the day.
The causes of insomnia can vary, ranging from stress and anxiety to medical conditions and lifestyle
factors. For example, the constant (3) _____ to screens, irregular sleep schedules, and high levels of stress have
disrupted our natural sleep patterns.
Managing insomnia requires a comprehensive approach. Healthy sleep habits, such as maintaining a (4)
_____ sleep schedule, creating a conducive sleep environment, and practising relaxation techniques, can
significantly improve sleep quality. (5) _____, therapy or medication may be recommended to address
underlying issues or regulate sleep patterns.
1. A. disorder B. ordering C. orderly D. orders
2. A. on B. with C. in D. at
3. A. addiction B. exposure C. satisfaction D. improvement
4. A. gradual B. constant C. persistent D. consistent
5. A. In some cases B. In the event C. In case D. In contrast
Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct
answer to each of the questions from 39 to 43.
Physical injuries are an inherent risk when participating in sports activities. Whether engaging in high-
impact contact sports or individual athletic endeavours, the human body is susceptible to various types of
injuries. From minor bruises to severe fractures, sports-related injuries can have both short-term and long-term
effects on an individual's physical well-being.
One common type of injury in sports is sprains and strains. These occur when ligaments or
muscles/tendons are stretched or torn due to sudden movements or excessive force. Sprained ankles, strained
muscles, and ligament tears are frequent occurrences in sports like basketball, soccer, and tennis.
Another prevalent injury is fractures, which are breaks or cracks in bones. These can result from direct
trauma, falls, or overuse. Fractures can range from hairline fractures to complete breaks, requiring immediate
medical attention and often necessitating a period of immobilisation and rehabilitation.
Concussions, particularly in contact sports such as football or rugby, are also a concern. A concussion is a
traumatic brain injury caused by a sudden blow to the head, resulting in symptoms like dizziness, confusion,
and memory loss. Proper diagnosis and adequate recovery time are crucial to prevent further complications.
Additionally, overuse injuries are prevalent in sports that involve repetitive motions. Examples include
tennis elbow, runner's knee, and stress fractures. These injuries occur gradually over time due to excessive
strain on specific body parts, often requiring rest, physical therapy, and modifications in training routines.
1. Which of the following can be the best title for the passage?
A. The Risks and Injuries Associated with Sports Activities
B. The Impact of Sports on Physical Well-being
C. Preventing Sports-related Injuries
D. The Importance of Proper Diagnosis in Sports Injuries
2. According to paragraph 3, immobilisation is _____.
A. a common type of sports injury B. the result of direct trauma to the bones
C. a period of not going about D. a treatment for fractures
3. The word "these" in paragraph 3 refers to _____.
A. sprained ankles, strained muscles, and ligament tears
B. fractures
C. sports-related injuries
D. basketball, soccer, and tennis
4. The word “crucial” in paragraph 4 mostly means _____.
A. insignificant B. essential C. harmful D. optional
5. Which of the following is NOT TRUE according to the passage?
A. Concussions are a common concern in contact sports.
B. Overuse injuries occur gradually over time.
C. Fractures can be caused by falls or overuse.
D. Sprains and strains are the most prevalent sports injuries.
Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct
answer to each of the questions.
The Medial Collateral Ligament (MCL) is a crucial ligament found within the knee joint, responsible for
connecting the thighbone (femur) to the shinbone (tibia). It plays a vital role in preventing lateral movement of
the knee. In the event of excessive stretching, the MCL can tear partially or completely, resulting in a Medial
Collateral Ligament Tear.
When an MCL tear occurs, individuals often experience a sharp pain and a distinct "pop" at the moment
of injury. Swelling typically follows, concentrated around the inner part of the knee. Although walking may
still be possible after the swelling subsides, pain is usually felt when stretching the inner knee. Additionally, the
knee may feel unstable, leading to stumbling or falling.
 Medial Collateral Ligament Tears are commonly seen in athletic activities involving sudden changes in
direction, twisting motions, or forceful impacts to the side of the knee. Sports like skiing, soccer, football,
basketball, and tennis are particularly prone to such injuries.
To diagnose a torn MCL, healthcare professionals conduct a thorough examination, which includes
pressing on the knee and observing specific movements. Imaging tests, such as X-rays and MRI scans, may be
ordered to assess the severity of the tear and check for other potential knee injuries.
Immediate treatment options for MCL tears include over-the-counter pain medication, RICE (Rest, Ice,
Compression, Elevation), and the use of braces to protect the knee during the healing process. Depending on
the severity, crutches, physical therapy, or even surgery may be recommended.
During recovery, it is essential for individuals with a torn MCL to temporarily refrain from sports,
focusing instead on low-impact activities like swimming. Following the doctor's instructions and engaging in
physical therapy can help prevent future MCL tears and other injuries by improving strength, balance,
flexibility, and teaching proper techniques for sports-related movements.
Parents play a vital role in supporting their child's recovery from an MCL tear, as it may be emotionally
challenging. Encouraging alternative activities or hobbies can help maintain their engagement and positivity.
Following up with scheduled appointments, adhering to at-home exercises, and avoiding activities that may
hinder healing are crucial aspects of the recovery process.
1. Which of the following can be the best title for the passage?
A. Understanding the Importance of the Medial Collateral Ligament (MCL) in Knee Stability
B. Unveiling the Mechanism and Treatment of MCL Tears
C. Sports-Related Knee Injuries: A Focus on the Medial Collateral Ligament (MCL)
D. The Role of Parents in Supporting Recovery from MCL Tears
2. The word “collateral” in paragraph 1 probably means _____.
A. really important B. not main but parallel C. not worth keeping D. not expected
3. According to paragraph 2, swelling _____.
A. occurs immediately after an MCL tear B. causes instability in the knee joint
C. mostly affects the outer part of the knee D. can lead to difficulty in walking
4. According to paragraph 3, soccer is among _____.
A. the least risky sports for MCL tears
B. the most common sports for MCL tears
C. the sports with the lowest incidence of MCL tears
D. the sports with the highest rate of MCL tears
5. The word “severity” in paragraph 4 is closest in meaning to _____.
A. extent B. importance C. severity D. intensity
6. Which of the following is not true according to the passage?
A. MCL tears can cause a "pop" sensation at the moment of injury.
B. Sports involving sudden changes in direction are more prone to MCL tears.
C. Immediate treatment for MCL tears includes surgery.
D. Following physical therapy can help prevent future MCL tears.
7. Which of the following can be inferred from the passage?
A. MCL tears are more common in younger children than in older individuals.
B. MCL tears can be prevented by avoiding athletic activities altogether.
C. Physical therapy plays a significant role in preventing future MCL tears.
D. MCL tears are exclusively caused by forceful impacts to the front of the knee.
Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct
word or phrase that best fits each of the numbered blanks from 34 to 38.
The human body is a symphony of intricate rhythms, orchestrated (1) _____ an invisible conductor
known as the body clock. It is the mastermind behind our sleep-wake (2) _____, regulating our internal
processes with unwavering precision. Like a skilled maestro, it synchronises our biological functions, guiding
us through the ebb and flow of each day.
This internal timekeeper, also (3) _____ as the circadian rhythm, governs our sleep patterns, hormone
production, and metabolism. It dances to the beat of external cues, such as sunlight and darkness, aligning our
bodies with the (4) _____ rhythms of the world around us. But this remarkable clock isn't just a mechanical
timepiece. It has the power to shape our physical and mental well-being. When in harmony, it bestows us with
vitality, alertness, and a sense of balance. However, (5) _____ disrupted, it can unleash chaos, leading to sleep
disorders, mood swings, and even compromised immune function.
1. A. with B. by C. on D. for
2. A. circle B. recycle C. cycle D. archive
3. A. nominated B. famous C. famed D. known
4. A. superficial B. natural C. dominant D. obvious
5. A. until B. because C. since D. when
Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct
answer to each of the questions from 39 to 43.
There is a common misconception that working out every day will yield faster and better results. While
consistent exercise is vital for progress, the body also requires adequate time to rest and recover. Overtraining
can lead to fatigue, decreased performance, and an increased risk of injury. It is essential to strike a balance
between challenging workouts and allowing sufficient recovery time for muscles to repair and grow stronger.
In reality, the duration and intensity of workouts should be tailored to individual fitness levels and goals.
Quality workouts that target different muscle groups and incorporate cardiovascular exercises can be more
effective than simply increasing the quantity of training sessions.
Some people believe that working out every day causes them to indulge in unhealthy eating habits or
neglect other aspects of their well-being. While exercise is a crucial component of a healthy lifestyle, it should
be complemented by a balanced diet, sufficient sleep, and stress management. Neglecting these other factors
can hinder overall health and fitness progress.
Moreover, working out every day does not guarantee weight loss or body transformation. While exercise
contributes to calorie burning and muscle development, weight loss also depends on factors like diet, genetics,
and overall lifestyle habits. A holistic approach that combines regular exercise with a nutritious diet and
healthy habits is key to achieving sustainable results.
1. Which of the following can be the best title for the passage?
A. Debunking Myths About Daily Workouts
B. The Benefits of Working Out Every Day
C. Maximising Results with Daily Exercise
D. The Importance of Rest in Fitness Training
2. According to paragraph 2, how intense your workouts should be is determined by _____.
A. the number of training sessions per week
B. individual fitness levels and goals
C. the duration of each workout
D. the quantity of cardiovascular exercises
3. The word "it" in paragraph 3 refers to _____.
A. working out every day B. rest and recovery
C. overtraining D. fatigue and decreased performance
4. The word “holistic” in paragraph 4 mostly means _____.
A. focused and specific B. comprehensive and all-encompassing
C. intensive and rigorous D. varied and diverse
5. Which of the following is NOT TRUE according to the passage?
A. Consistent exercise is essential for progress.
B. Overtraining can lead to fatigue and decreased performance.
C. Working out every day guarantees weight loss.
D. A balanced diet and sufficient sleep are important for overall health.
Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct
answer to each of the questions from 44 to 50.
Both strains and sprains share common signs and symptoms, including immediate or delayed pain,
tenderness in the soft tissue near the bone, swelling, bruising, muscle spasms, and weakness or discomfort
when using the affected area.
Strains often occur when excessive pressure is exerted on a muscle, like when lifting heavy objects. They
are more likely to happen during physical activity when the body is contracting, stretching, or working a
specific body part. Insufficient warm-up exercises that boost blood circulation to the muscles can also
contribute to strains, commonly affecting athletes in their backs, necks, or legs.
Sprains, on the other hand, are typically caused by twisting an ankle or knee. Although they commonly
occur during sports, sprains can happen in various situations. Interestingly, older kids and teenagers are more
prone to sprains than younger children.
 To diagnose strains and sprains, doctors typically ask questions about the injured area and conduct an
examination, including assessing range of motion and strength tests. In some cases, an X-ray or other imaging
study may be ordered to identify additional injuries like fractures, while ultrasounds can be useful in diagnosing
minor tears.
Treatment for strains and sprains often involves rest to protect and facilitate healing of the injury.
Swelling can be managed by applying ice wrapped in a towel, using compression techniques like elastic
bandages or compression sleeves, and elevating the injured area. Immobilising the affected part with wrapping
or splinting may be necessary, followed by strengthening exercises to promote muscle recovery. Pain
medication is generally recommended for a limited period.
Children and teenagers with a sprain or strain typically need to take a break from sports until specific
criteria are met. These include the reduction of swelling, absence of pain during sports activities, approval from
the doctor, the ability to perform without limping, full range of motion in the injured area, and restored
strength.
Fortunately, strains and sprains usually heal without long-term complications. It's important to follow the
doctor's instructions diligently to promote a speedy recovery. To prevent strains and sprains, encourage young
athletes to engage in thorough warm-up exercises before physical activity, incorporating movements like
jogging, high knees, butt kicks, and active stretching. Additionally, encourage post-activity static stretching,
where each stretch is held for at least 30 seconds.
In the event of a strain or sprain, coaches, personal trainers, doctors, or physical therapists can provide
guidance on strengthening exercises to aid recovery and minimise the risk of reinjury. With proper care and
attention, strains and sprains can be overcome, allowing individuals to return to their favourite activities
stronger and more resilient than ever.
1. Which of the following can be the best title for the passage?
A. Common Injuries: Strains and Sprains B. Preventing Sports Injuries in Children
C. The Importance of Warm-up Exercises D. Treatment Options for Muscle Pain
2. The word "exerted" in paragraph 2 is closest in meaning to _____.
A. applied B. released C. endured D. exercised
2. According to paragraph 3, an X-ray can be used to _____.
A. determine the severity of swelling B. diagnose strains and sprains
C. assess range of motion and strength D. identify additional injuries like fractures
3. According to paragraph 6, the good news about strains and sprains is that _____.
A. they rarely occur during sports activities
B. they heal quickly without complications
C. they can be prevented with proper stretching
D. they are more common in younger children
4. The word "elevating" in paragraph 4 is closest in meaning to _____.
A. loading B. raising C. increasing D. promoting
5. Which of the following is not true according to the passage?
A. Strains are often caused by excessive pressure on muscles.
B. Insufficient warm-up exercises can contribute to sprains.
C. X-rays are commonly used to diagnose strains and sprains.
D. Strains and sprains can lead to long-term complications.
6. Which of the following can be inferred from the passage?
A. Strains and sprains are more common in younger children.
B. Immobilization is not necessary for treating strains and sprains.
C. Strengthening exercises can help prevent strains and sprains.
D. Rest is the only treatment required for strains and sprains.