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Volume 9, 2021 - Issue 3

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Article

Bullying in the Military: A Review of the

Research on Predictors and Outcomes of
Bullying Victimization and Perpetration
Jaimee Stuart  & Nicholas Szeszeran
Pages 255-266 | Published online: 29 Dec 2020

 Cite this article  https://doi.org/10.1080/21635781.2020.1864527

Abstract

Bullying is de�ned as repeated, intentionally harmful acts against an individual in

which the victim feels coerced, degraded, humiliated, threatened, intimidated, or
frightened and where there is power imbalance between the victim and perpetrator.
Extensive, research in workplace context indicates that bullying has wide-ranging
impacts for those who are victimized, for the culture of the working environment, and
for the organization itself. However, the literature on workplace bullying within the
military has yet to be thoroughly reviewed due to several complexities in assessing
the prevalence of these behaviors and making comparisons across national contexts.

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Bullying
Home inAll
the military Military
Journals is a particularly important
Behavioral Health Listissue givenVolume
of Issues the unique
9, Issue working
3
Bullying in the Military: A Review of th ....
environment in which
 Full Article
this occurs. This
 Figures & data
article presents
 References
a review of the international
 Citations

literature available in English on bullying in the military and describes two major
 Metrics
themes  Reprints & Permissions
which were Read this
identi�ed from this review; thearticle
nature of bullying in the military its
impacts (who is most likely to be a victim or perpetrator) and the cultural and
workplace factors in the military context that contribute to the experience of bullying
(values of hierarchy, power and dominance, conformity, and leadership). The
implications for bullying interventions within military settings are discussed in relation
to these �ndings.

 Keywords: Bullying victimization review contextual factors

Notes

1 Studies focusing on para-military organisations were also included in the review to

extend coverage. Conversely, although some overlap exists between bullying, assault,
discrimination, and harassment, the latter three topics have been the focus of
widespread international research and review in their own right, and were thus
considered beyond the scope of this review.

2 A large amount of research has also found that women face high rates of sexual
harassment and assault in military environments. Some elements of bullying
described here, such as misogynistic jokes, may also be considered to be forms of
sexual harassment, although a full examination of the relationships between bullying
and sexual harassment is outside of the scope of the current review.

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