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    30 views22 pages

    Units - Measurement

    Uploaded by

    Mahbub Rahman

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF or read online from Scribd
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    © UAT > Core alfa *ifaae] @ sal :7 Physical World and Measurement Physics — scope and excitement; nature af physical laws; Physics, technology and saciaty. Need for measurement : Units of measurement; systems of units; SI units, fundamental and derived. units. Length, mass and time measurements; accuracy and precision of measuring instruments; errors in measurement; significant figures. 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RASS LE ma | GPA 1m TaTCS ara FARE RM ce Ca, FIRB a1 2504 (standard) “RII DOA 3h Bt 3m W site aye ses oa ae aes (Fundamental unit and derived unit): cereal ere amic aaa eet FARE eat, CoRR ea wr CR TEN CHR! 2aI1 FFE epforE Cae CSTE AL TRE SR APSR Ste a ceca eT CreIMtSIEA FE Richa ace xen tate Rea crepe efberer E 1 aL aTeTA SS SG BH | STH BAI CTH CH SSN COTS aa weer TE Ba, ae sare Poa ania gare ey Coreen Che aa sem Coke Fie AH CIR aT BH eters at a aT (base quantity) an ara area I eters =I Ta awe (base quantity) 948 0a SSH 2 HT GETS (derived unit) Imm spots Tae GPP AA AKT oT IEE oe, eared AC TANATST FEA EAR TORY A tL GEA cares ‘imtafS [Systems of Unit] Adie aca at YA ey wre feaB eae ope ACR: (1) CHPSRTD ATR CHAS (centimetre-gram-second) af ‘fea eine (CGS system), (2) F-S-oeS (foot-pound.see, ond) <1 une fF mF 4% (EPS system) eR (3) Re, Gre (mevre-kilogram-second) ™] GH CF AH *1AAB (MES gy, tom) IRA La RT efor TAR MATT OR BTU RPS Ae ENCE OTANCAT RTE TE yy DR cate en 16 [51 Units} Measures (BIPM “I Bureau International des Poids et Measures) rine aes neice orERiwend Fg frome aE erie, onarettam, ofkeheam « ome Sane ake | ce Te Fen CBNS ae eH ET TA CM CICE 6, eae crn amin ore Freer BAR, OR Fea | wee Pet eR ene se rT HKeRl RA IT 2 CE {i seRie ere Re aA Re eI at | { S91 Cae ai ecereEA re ae eae Beh Wa CE TUE CHEESE aes opafs <1 ST GFFAAR (Syste | Tnternationald’ Unités =I Bxcaf8CG The Intemational System of Units) 4 BER PeSTS Caso MACHR A aa CaaS | SORT THT ME (aupplementary units) erea Hg crew wafer | RE 1995 RH Hye Wace CHfABCS arya a COT BA EAR CHIE @ ATT OE HPCE aT cH CHET BAI eR wert eR (1.458 ORR MOM | AR 200 TH St) sree Fare eat wea cH, TH, Ga eT ER RAD | unit) && anafe eres cHt oT cL GSS aha SoU TOR eH Real aA Ae ma xt are AI (derived ara 1: Ry gare eae SIE cas ma TY) FE (length) | caPOEBIA (Caf at cm) | sree stein are ae TAD ar era Tia MKS *rfon ameereaa ae oefECe AIRE eI REL | __ Sarat g) rr (a 0) | ea (CAE cn) —SF (volume) ; rt me) | wa aut) ") ow 3/219? (g/cm?) ade peagD (1b/1) ‘Fre? (kg/m) [eitetocin) [ oFRVet emis) | wByertwis) | Rlorts) | | sgart (acceleration) | CHffi/c%? (cm/s) o/c (fs) 8) #? (m/s?) Dra ntl i = [3 (force) ERR (dynet a 7 “BREta/fe ators | 1Pa = 10dyn/em™ wi (pressure) | _ L_mterenn) svt | Goo | see ard are (workat oe | art coe) new (ft- pounds! ) [FE lmass) ‘Sia, aE (time, duration) ‘efgearte (electric current) [epee errs |{abermodynamic temperature) ‘siricdéa “fea (amount of substance) sensi) Ye a8 {symbol of Units): efBi rete ACC ote ray Bee at Dee TTA eat RFE eS a Fr PHS ae, Tard ae get alexiferers Tye BATE) ae Breas sere Pres Cars eat | [a eeBteen ateat aT eet SE (doe) He Crem AA AT! CT, CARBARB A : em (cm. at om. a) | FE AEB aA eA ACHR AACN ATH, EA full stop FRCACK dot foe CHER! AIA! ‘Sem, fey non Sl aecea ETI IT SS BE cwEA CT | 1A, RAI. | i) EAB CATRICS oT es Cate A ICA A) CARA, 5 g (6 BSH)! ag cern ca SIC HCH AH “Tes FIM TA BT, OCA waefire a Lae cal zm WAH AWA ATS BA CRA 10 metres per second #1 5 degrees Celsius, % 1 metre per second 0.1 degree Celsius | tft 87 GTR: metres/s, 1Om/second} | araigpia onent comin exec ster eal Biwi (candela) | nn — i ‘RD (IN), extras (A), CoTER (K), “TTT (Pa); FBTR (m), Frcetets (kg), ALPS (5), SATA (cal) FE eIBIceR ATA Sal GAR GM RAN, A, KG Pa Bt AAS newton, ampere, kelvin © pascal | SC SITAR IFS AETAE GTA I— CA degree Celsius | iv) eacr Sree PITS BA CATE (roman) BAC, APPT ACF (italics) AH oA fC AT ARTA RACH TAT ATS See Te BIS A CTE ATF | TUT, cote aA eres Wonca za ate zac, Gea al ANETTA Gam, Sra Ble, m, Reg Hibia area ABT; m 1 (Crore ferns afta wae aSteyih Rove yr a err fifa oa Ue! CIR, 10m/sx2s = 20m; 20m+28= 10 m/s j MEW a rem eceman i) er wren ew Ra er CaTaTS Pte (/) cea AGS ES MA CHAE, J/(m™- 5) I J+mr?- st aL (j/m?/s I I/m?-s =A) re [vi] wietrart Comey aeraita erste ER He (°) ae sat ‘CAA | CH, 300 K (300°K HH), °C, °F Remthe Melee FE wise Ux] BF TR: sec, sq.mm, cc, mps; AIT AeA: s, mm? ‘square millimetre, em? @ cubic. eres m/s 4 metre per second! a Gs *refSre THEE Sr SF g/m all weed are CS CA 1 BB) 1 ICE Ga cin 6 SEA TS g—AE GE ata GOTTA Os TALRR ORE Fiona HSA, St PAINT CaM AL weuhies, > FAR CITE (simple pendulum): ae cadsi wit Piece cof ey Seer eA ae HRCA CTA SET FE CICS RTE HR CHT Te HL eS mm Crete ray CR AAT AN, CHT a Gretta creer (1) (snafrrers ata Gen am, Pees ex (im), CRT OnE (1) afserter wat (g) ER FEAR afta ore RTE PER CH | STRAT CTA AH, T= km'Dg? ) Se ke 2 ee STATE ATH, RE x,y, 2 TAVIS 1, T= HR =T, mA AR =M, SATA =L, gt RAT = LT? Graf 4285) aranyeee (1) a alec aFcw ea aT, T= 1 MELY(LT-2)= ‘al, MOLOT! = MALY + #72 sae aE Rena ce FS ARTS GA RT| SAAT CATE TAM, x= 0! RC TR CRE HSM TA, 1e-2%2-4 Caria are cere sheet ae, Osytz hy a aeriface (1) 78 ate aha eM a, T= km 2g 2 a, 7 = iff (2) (8) Rome caw CATR TTT: () PRGA EA ers TTA PSs EH Ay (1) Tee fh, GR (ul) To 1 SR HA CRT fs are (am corer era ae) era k Sea ta eT RRcete Cn SI A a | fSarde wae, ACUI Bel ening a Seta ETH BAR eM AR, k= 2H | > ti ti) BFIB OFA (Stretched string): N) eb Dror rea HR eacwa AAS » eR URAA DE T Care 1) 6 wrafta ore Creda Gay - emia HST CTT ort, . ve ky (1) SUE eG TIT GA OR x Sy CACTI T! 999, vA =LT-1, 79a Bhat = MLT-2 ee 0 ST = ML IRR 4urteat) 1 rannferce (1) ae eae Aer en zr, + MPLT-2. ML-Y a, Pty. Ley. T-2r son(2) (aya areas RCH Sraa Skat GST Bea HGR IT, xtyso (3) OIG SIEt Gea AS HSM AA, 2x = 1 Ax = 0.5 SSH (9) CALE “HEMT AM, y = -0.5 8 ye ATA (1) a aC BCT otteRT ATE, (4) Cae Cae ARATE, () us VT R(t) vee te | SO BD Ciera TINS n CR OBE Oa 1B TSO A) © CRA ae CHEM Sr pom Crm REET CRE ora, n= kPM pe (1) SAT kG RITA IH, eR) x,y, 2 BA ACUH I AH, nF AAT = TH, [0 Tat =L, Ta RA = MLT2 FR 6H stat = ML! Cara a ToT) | HENS () aaa aia tem a, TH = 16 LE MLIT2y. MAL“ The ety-2.myte.T2y o=-(2) (ya enc pices Crea a Yer PA INA aT, @) xt+y-z=0 SCA HEN GTA He SAT AH, ytz=0 o(4) FAG TA Ga FA ASM AH, 1 = 2y 7, y = 0.5 cars NGM IH, 2 = -05 RR (8) CCH ehhenT ATH, *405+05=0 4, x=-1 oy 8 2 TI (YR AeA a oem THN, ak ft neil RFR core cai TR, (mee 1 (U) mF (tH) me L Yi (8) 92 APE GUT (Terminal velocity): ref CRT Ty, coma, corer Caer, af EH CHR TRC eee SER, CAG seem eat FRc Um | Fg i ITT CH Cah : seo eh ae cs age ade er Chetcen eo ferme mereratrs Bey figs ae F FSR CHCA TP a MITT ARAN 1 aR ARIS co U8 er, RIA TA, jy Fe kate nd SE eco TNE BFF, eRe x,y,z PAOD a, p, EMT ML? a RI = ES AL = MLAT=L ge SRM = LT) Cor 4 racer) 12 starter 0) 30 sae aig, oneal a, MLT2 = 1.L8 MYLITY. eT Wh MLT-2 = Leyte. My. ty-2 “@ yan sere fica OG, SF a ACR ATT SAT 9H ot OH, NETH, x-yte=1 yal “W) GR ~y-2=-2 A y4z2=2 6) (4).6 (6) cE eM aH, z= 1 GRR (8) CES NOME ATR, x = 1 Sy 8 298 aL (1) ead ace hem TE, F = kanu @RATEB LF GNA, () Fee a, (il) Fee 9 SR (ll) Fey] D 1414 sta Reacts aapet 7 a AfSa CSTs aia TIRE Fre Fieiore tetas Reels RAR Re Orpen Sach Rete ReraTI| Ui) Geren arr aret agecea a Ref at eR AA OF, T= in li7g rts ACER an cae Be RA areca fiefs sat STAT | til Ca AMS UA wAB aT gee BoiPae ace, OH rer Feta eal sree am cram Goer ware EE ATT AGS Ga oie Sy F, my, m, re fifa at eT | Ti) Corea arc UA aA stand aif Bere art, serra at afar acer wna IG STS "al 1 iso | RA eee CTR SH ST ‘and (W) FSA wee cea A (F), aePBA FAH (5) a fits ¢ matas firara agaEl CIT Oa or a RE aa aA ath CRY W = Fscosd ‘Restaea arecas Ff wal wea AT ~() 5 6) 2B, CATA n BR RA a He eS CEH AY AR ner Ce Ne I a veri Freee a, Ora AMS at Resreera aterc Ff aa aA aH Bares, sae aR balan RCE Tice Cee sae ON “Gece (afer rate > Ne dyn ZA WAH SI-C ME CGS MUETS ATH S| ‘ara SA, ACR ATT = MLT~2 WA FA UR, CGS “Tees wa, Tah @ ANC wae WET iy by © fy SBR SL-CE SA, TG HCA AEE ARTE mi, fy Sh! ITF, LN = ndyn FA ATER SAY HPN. CHT A, 1x mglytg? = nx myly fy? 1N = 105 dyn. ere Ficsfa goin er 105 | Ter, etyenricen sare efyerreare ih 3 ath (Reon ore en ae wiveRroran sat AAV FH, Ot (igesrncen ain Pete cat! > one eh, V (BREE) =F per aun() dim P o tint ie v= dim V a dimy = MUTT 2 mersvt Vv vega, D = ML, V = LT! at W = ML! BER (1) RCH “MEH TE, M=ALST-2 = (ML>3). (LT: (ML2T-2)* By MALST-2 = Met eL-aeey 227-928 (2) (a) arta PFI a, TRG A AACA AAR PT FH Hem AH ARITA, xtes-l ~@) -Brtyt2c=3 @ Rw y-22 = 2 (5) (4)6 (5) ces hem TH, corszaamz=-} Bw (3) CAH NGA! TM, pended TB (5) CUS NET ATM, y= ax(3)e2= dimG = D-V3yio/syy-2/3 10 3 BOTTA CGS *refoce ere AT pare otefere, oe FR =3x 10cm AR RE ATT 365.25 d =3.156 10? s | ax 1010 3.156 x 107 Baa TS “SCS ET AMY = = 950.57 cm/s EEE 44, Bra fare een occ et aati Ee STE are SEI eng eC 1 joules Fifa EA ere aan ware, aise @ Hregerena core al eferared eat eA orate ATER | fefen wi wen so Ore, we Ta RAIN a ree Bor a o RMA er mieeatt Length Me Cees afar at mero Pre wf oat art cit ee ect cB a ita A ea ete (standard) eT AR aD FRI TATA | eT arose ora: ae pete coca Dee fatal Ara AT Caftice maPAR GOAT mae (standard-aF) cet GA Sa AL co cace TET GH coma TAA Tee, srl 6 GE ACT ga 1 eT CT HM eH cA TA HE TCH eR ecw TH HI TATA OPT CHRIS. SAPS THAT (vernier caliper), "=F OE (screw gauge) LEM AAA A A “7 Meare ofS: a Faro Ors sree erecw afta AEA, CTA CT STG EAS A HAT OH TTA ay nT oars a OTTAIPS TS aaa Hal | LYCRA | “ifisiri oata 1S (triangulation method), sfewert at eifeear ‘orf (reflection < echo method), “starry *reE (parallax method) 22st 2 care AS >> Sant Grey: satcel *Araties 1/299792458 s FATA CH Ta afega sca 81a 1 Fibra (1 metre 1 m) ¥a1 GAL Ung, 2a, Bowl, Wise, 4, ar, EY TOIT cats aT parma rp, ee eae SEM | EAA SPE cree cm, mm, m, kn, fi, in, mi Zon SR, Oe iat ATS BAAS ain cecotaiaS Fart carat eR ata or FSH cae Riba dara We RRA ATS GH GH, eS Cds Oh cro ore or we EH TAN ALA, A CA HT AAD FRA neta ATE State, eS oa CTS HA @ CR cat abet ere Rag Coe Tis SNS AM WY IAT FAS A, FIAT ACT engi err | BD 131.1 stinicastigeia NE CHA A GTR BS AT ag Ace Cols wee eeMT ote, TH AB Bed cares PRTRGIR Ceara IT HBT NC (FB 1.1] | ST ats, ara 2 cae Fie aida eter errerarey oT CoA et FeTe AH | ofthe cance gees War aH aa GT 1 mm, Bie 0.1 cm | RANA AT ANT UC O cag HM, A Foals Cee era ACERUL I TCE MTA 1S em, 30 em, 50 em A} 100 em HPI 100 cm *FEE Is BY CaeTCH ATI SU ATR CHL cotta Hee = CHAT ITERATE TA cea| oft Foe 3 emt 7 em Wee ATA CHG TEBE 3.0 ent, com (1.8 FR TAI) | - 4 care aT ARG ear TAA O-ATC AT CR ‘ eet cone area Fr a9 RATE ANCA | SA NS COTE { cw SA CRI, CRN HAPAAN AML SABA 1S 0.0 ema ee | einen 15 7.6 cm‘ 7.7 cmaee Cara RENTS RI AH, we atCEH 5 7.65 cml ABAR, Cores TIPS Ses Fra aa | g caraen Dr 7.65 com GCSE HA ea 7.65 cm tH | cope cancbe Sarat AH BRAD, COTE STPRTCRTE CH ER ay oipfbra were 7.63 cm, 7.66 em Forth ct CHS A | > 15.1.2 wiftnta ag at witlata asters one ora, ria CHR A ARTA ETOH Ts OG a, CCRT Lamm AA AL PATS HNL TST ATA HH CTR CH Me CHCA BREA HACE O.S mm A CICS “ALN A CARE TST ATA TG RTC CRT FMT CMT STE a aL SE ATTA EH MARAT Era TAGS Vajes COTA AE ‘weirs my a1 etffata store wife ar eter wea: La a Bes ey ‘Rafe sea ae witena enrinncra eT Bee ra CHR CFT Be orate anferrtats eifare Paar 0.01 em be atbxe econ of8en tem autem cn tO care Pt onsen eS aasem °F ooten ponen 70 poms 7 Salen may ee isto) wit sal so al T 7 8 8 heim cam ry seen i ‘ Lat i wy yy al 1 peu 4 oo oo $04 2 3 4 8 © 7 8 5 fais Pine oo ica cae we eT ncaa Def 0.1 oma CIP CHT So en cra Tee 0.09 em | MIATA, SIRTTIN CHCA OI etree Bare, coer ge es CH, RATA cae om Bgmecat ACH AS HAC AIT, ORR AUR Tayo OHO t = Sere Pas ore 3-H ET CHA 1-4 crm IT cae 0.01 cm. even, 2 a EA Len CE UBC TR ST a, SHS one HUE 1.1 em AM CA 0.04 cm OA STE We ‘ aa mane A CHT crm MIR EC TE AH CL cot agi yates HB C coTCER Hes Rica THETA ACE AAT Se "a em | afer GH CR AT 14 era! 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A aera SAT 1 FECT (1 kilogram 2 1 kg) #2 (ELAINE arora “eats Time Measurement] orn feat eat ex FARM cs SAG RIC SATE CMTC racHA Seer FAT AA Ba CTE AG arte awa ee FACET mo wafers eae A oraENR entree wen aor wie confine sat Tei TR oft wat wx rE MAT sree a1 ARATE (cesium) wie Taz FA BT eprers Boe, ag? Frfewra fg eben Goo wet Mc oRa ide wre aeHy 1 oreecea Ca area swnefey Remet Her ICT | >> samt om: Fifeni33 oe cee Fhe wo ARE Safe SCAT CH ANTM 9192631770 ALTE CHT AHHH BTA, CF 1 CHS (1 second 1 8) 41 ZH RCH HOTS 2H 1, sme Brea ater sn) ol cree a Mf ee WED sorones corm ea reer eat at 2. Steins Peemes ace A carat 3. See Stas aren me oaratea on sree aaa are Te 4 SMe men a eEaTen em MIEN a a eager U5 areata oa) Cg) A CRT eee fr mop TO ee RA EO a PRIRTE BeCAE (i) erefeere BB (systematic error) az (i) $98 35 (random error)! Ww «cert h . oe zy Wat serdar m aarti cit 2a@| (tte af (Instrumental error) gf CARES CHT eR areIeRN Geer HC EG ew A 1 (i) fees aS (Personal error) : Tetiea gia Ber a eres os Gren, ge oven Bena | 7 sfens af: RRA ara SRI ceR aE SCIATATSHA Cate GB TB 9 tecaa Bh PHA yay R a aaa HATER STIS Pe 1, aftamreets fers gf fica ached ercatoa ca 2. AR aeITS Hace CH CHICA RIC Gare Bl BATE Ra anGi Cee tem naiog ae ote mF aR refers aga MI ATR ATeTTATA ey FR Ment a it as St Be, Cotta osaIPg AHR BBS Fat aA PF aise A (Actual or true value): eat, ATE SHE CHT ‘aif, ae% refers on ae afta sca teat we eT Ryo yy 4 Kyy | TAR Nyy gy Ny NG HI BA SR CST A ibe aa | Beli Aids aT, Aytag te tty we m VA aie (cron): coe cote alfa ore aH ons wis 7S Wa GM AB a | Fe atet VOD GE were ear wi Bred zat ‘SSS MAT Jean, Cor Cw aa PETE A, xaxke Gran ¢ afta ifm Rote aa nate sifaaeT aoa GT BET em ata eI coca: Prefs ae eaees mrt gba RI PT AT a if e= fxg — i], <5 [xy — 3] BH alRCH stery faaICiA, ei ae ATCA BSA A aR RT BATH ae, FTA, “35 baa WP (absolute error) FAI TI €-C “AUTHOR *Tg Da BPE (mean absolute error) 7s SEN Fal A ret, fey =i. fogs > Genet-HA at acfieae FAB (Fractional error or relative error) 715 bam BB 6 Hib BIA eayMIT wile, © zat wate ae AT ‘rthie gf * 29 MEAT AB (Percentage error) swt gIOTe 100 fica IT ITH yO roreas =x 100 | ir or “FF Gita Farsi ari ATA (Propagation or combinatig, 7 errors): B41 GTA HAT a TRE eH RTI me a era, Ga TRA Fier Hid AB OHS oiftatcota Ba rn ey aah, Bog face bn we me HC sm (omy Flew, 4, Se, wine Ghire wat Werth) were HAE BT Cae fea corse Pros aia enter “het FSM “ifthe am apy ‘Fran ech aca al ty iB anita caer orcs gfe: rent: ealate, x= ath x “iff ae ba GB 2a, Ax = 2(Aa+ Ab) scien BBEBD fe afta React cece ge: STEM: IME, x = ab x ict aos Da BB I, Ax = +(Aa+ Ab) x ofan roemn a GEE OP) 5 100 yf ane eo orca GB Great: AA, x= axb = oir aos eater gi am, A = 2(42.4 40) x oir reeat ag = (82482) x 100 wife arta wrcrta orca gfe: Brean: tat ate, x =F tw tii) tv) x “igaice steer gf -(A44 92) x 100 (Steger aifta orca gt ato? om x “fae AeA SUleLAE a, 25 aot) areal: eat, x = aa, Ab, Ae x offers ore gh =(n2t + mA + p24) x 100 ATER HeATS Ty 1, rH aia afb I aeNC AY cate 2, esr gD ace wea? Sere BG mre afb aI EA 18 GD) d : | cance 8 Bs aa a cu eA Ren BE Cm eae Fe ate rem FATES FRAT 1 @att_ UE a TANG WS Hea ee Fig eer TT “Eee oe or wert cr orate ARCA OA ICL CHAT 20.1 cmaaet ones Ba) STATENS CHL FIAT CA, CaRGB 20.1 ema mee A 202 cm-sa steel oe FR Oe a 20. em-6R TIRE ZA Wee, qr ge SPIO TEAK, cece ona cle eee A 31 Ber, Rearafehew eRRcer coca emmy ak ATS on ce AA TH 20.0 cm CAF 202 cmaee weg, Wie GR Bes (20.1 20.1) om RET ert SHS) CR aR OTT SMA CUES Ae aT, He Set strane Fits | HEH Ms a1 Slwalhta wes wleereyf GeeRe ee TA TT Refi fame aca ater arcane fi) Coser pa aH Cafe Fe Creer (i) CHIT Rea Teorey meme free sare AEH, Hee cere AHR TH et EMA (non-zero) HF CAT AL BO BATS BH AALS SAAC MT EATS | AAA, 27.7 meaptita weeny Geer ZA 31 fy BB ergy ween steal etre TYR Treeref a) CAR, 207.007 ARANDA Teel HEART BA GE liv) Woe ye era Grarce Ore Sets MT CA ATCA ST ari wieeniegh M1 com 0.00277 FATA wey ‘emma B13 by rire Rage aims ren FH HORA HI CO, 277.0 nett weer erertem 2 |BUY, 2778 277.07 aga reef emai CH ARIAS GCE A CICA SF 27 crete er cena or ee ai 7-8 TS, Fg ae en Afiow ecu, CATE A 277.0 Gren ed meena cere eres wee, 0-10 wow, Peg af eet bina aaa af rare: Lv) care Ste afta areas aes ES A SAT fing gem fare orcs efbfra MT THIET oH eR, PR AEA in exeentop am 277 hess Se FES ae eH 277000 p cet EH ECE, CM HEMET AE TS, CS GUNA COTA RIERA CTRL ETAT TE TLE FH TRE eh ek efi 2,770 x 10! hy BE 2.770% 108g For ato afta oft sat STAT oA TTA TT STIATA Teenley SETA at Sie ve AB AE, GAB AEA GH = 10 g (Ciemnheyf CREAT = 2) 1.6 OTT =3 cm? (wernt HAT = 1) 2 aganay <2 = 333 gem fig crag aren ein Stra BIeNlyT HAATT TT (ale 1) Creag wrTERG Tren ese REM BHT 1 | AAW =3g-cm ws arate area aa Fh eT = —— =25g-cm4 CICA FATS BTA, TAY = 2.5 g-cm— cater ay ate aT GB ace ca ae aI FecaTY aT SH, or Te Conta mire fea wRiece wats eee Sa AB crater) eR EMRE] eae CUP A RRR wife fas cris weirs sree Ta aT SHC! ene CHAR A wien ersarieAt Sl “PARE | sa are, gf as Beh sm (mre fog Cece CAP AS CEPR =0) et 1.35 m OPIS RR CRT GPS SEPA = 2)! Fife ya Oroda efR <5 41.35 = 635m fog acts amiecas Wiis Fg wlifrcs waree Cem Ren SHS O01 a Pda aa <5 (erent eeemen=1) : + Las wren SrA =3) 6m (Clerks weer = 1) A TTS, HB dA Cee 5.0 me 4.35 mI * 2 Pe fe Dredia ETI =5.0- 435 = 065m fre orm wermem mite Rey onic wae aerate gem SBE 11 2 Creda rere =5,0 eter erate =2) 4.35 iene seme =3) 20.6 m (Berne ween = 1) fix) reeriegf SEAT (significant Ngurest) Gre CHAT AROS (number) Ory Vee SASS (uncertain) AE RT | CO, 277. OFM UOT BES LH OL V7 carrera Fitora Prrmtalt (Rules for rounding off): THA “ATI A CC FS 7A (Anal result) FFA, TF (vii) = q Bint srr mr ct th @ epure Refer (rounding off =r) Fra Mew Ween WTA | ATT, ee TITS HIRI GAH 100 gts aor ABN aa — wea crates was PR or 85 pCR mR Fema eae Tn (accurate) 1 RIN 100 gS RFE, | . Ree. ere rufa a6 fo ete a cron a oR ar] rates eR Toe sot sont Sa 8 | Sheree ce evar, cent econ ee a sree 2. welt ar rem GR Ga AA 7510-c7 Re 568 GaP em ENS Sea A | Put ofS SPAT | 1 AES RRL m2) 3. SWAT a CAST TOR WH A | 34.6253. HR Re Be 5 Meena ta MAES | ray ree OTA BA) ER ara Ga BIER Bea AA | 34.63 1 | { | 37.625 @l 87.6250-2t| 1 aye RA i © ser aN Foti 3 | Be 5 BA wea suet ois ps Te =I Rw TH aR 5 HT TTAB PH | APTA I 37.62 1 BA, OH His AES AACS RAI _ | 5. Gl RAG AM CFSM ROR Wis We, 37.675 A 37.6750~8 Be 5 Km Seat Sa om TYR wie may ons SPE CR 5 OTT TER | APTA 37.68 | SUA, Cs WA 1 AEE | SARTHRT URTS we Le CCA “The heen ere Ce ae? 2, eh Bareseen ete ween Cee ATTA” a MEE geany ae iit it CRS! CRT ER etc fs a TEM Mees HASTE AK VAULT AT PPS aw F cass ora Aa ate BES! VF ASH (accuracy): CAEN TH AHS TATE cata, SE CER TAG Coa CTS RAM afteY wea cH I HER THT CHB SP Bora SSI TET HAR 2D enh afta seat eer ace atten ea en? > Coen are we Cle aia ad aa Bbw sea gz eta sifttets wees cco maT epg | Cra aR ae I Seton Pere tah 7S wr Ce OBA Teh ATH TA RE ey DE A A | em wie “TO een HTC erm Hf | rea FERS Core aha ep aoe a1 eT BHT AEM SPIT ‘Crenfirs rr Faint eorwa mere EY HAT esl CH aH NAT A OHM olaicsa FSB tease Aa, HAE GATES ARID A 100 ge eG AIBA og aifiiet ae Crate GANT CAB TT 90g 95 g, 928, 93pm, GRID TSA Gael Tare a] yPHCTE (precise) 71 ARM area Te aries IRI AM, PATHS we wee aI PATHE, Tateho! 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