Canal Design

Important Formula:
Silt Factor, f = 1.76 × √𝑑𝑚𝑛
1
𝑄 × 𝑓2 6
Velocity, V = ( )
140
Wetted Parameter, P = 4.75 √𝑄
2 1
1
Regime flow equation, V = × 𝑅 3 × 𝑆 2
𝑛
5 𝑉2
Regime scour depth, R = ×
2 𝑓
5
𝑓2
Regime slope equation, S = 1
3340 × 𝑄6

Problem:
Design an irrigation channel with the following data:
Full supply discharge = 10 cumec
Mean diameter of silt particles = 0.33 mm
1
Side slope = : 1
2

Find also the bed slope of the channel.

Solun:
Given,
Q = 10 m3
d = 0.33 mm
1
Side slope = : 1
2

Silt factor, f = 1.76 ×√0.33 = 1.011

1
𝑄 × 𝑓2 6
Velocity, V = ( )
140
1
10 × 1.0112 6
=( )
140

= 0.646
 𝑄 10
A= = = 15.479 m2
𝑉 0.646

Wetted Parameter, P = 4.75 × √𝑄

= 4.75 × √10
= 15.02 m
5 𝑉2
Regime scour depth, R = ×
2 𝑓
5 0.6462
= ×
2 1.011

5
1.0112
Regime slope equation, S = 1
3340 × 106
1.027
=
4902.449
1.027
1.027
= 4902.449
1.027

1
=
4774
(Ans:)
Design a Channel:

D 1

1/2

1
A = BD + 2 × ( 𝐷2 )
4
1 2
Or, 15.479 = BD + 2 × ( 𝐷 ) .................... (i)
4

5𝐷2
P = B+2√
4

2 5𝐷2
√𝐷2 + (1 D) = √𝐷2 + 1
𝐷2 = √
2 4 4

5𝐷2
B = 15.02 - 2 √ .................... (ii)
4
From equation (i) & (ii)

5𝐷2 1
15.479 = ((15.02 − 2 √ ) × 𝐷) + 2 × ( 𝐷2 )
4 4

D = 1.195 m

From equation (ii)

5 × 1.1952
B = 15.02 – 2 √
4

= 12.347 m

B = 12.347 m (Ans:)
D = 1.195 m