NS – Reproduction Angiosperms Pg.

29-37 – GRADE 7

Reproduction is the biological process during which new organisms are produced from male
and female parents. Male animals produce sex cells called sperms, while male plants
produce pollen that contains male sex cells. Female plants and animals produce sex cells
called eggs or ova. The eggs and the sperm fuse or join together in a process called
fertilisation. The single cell that is formed as a result of fertilisation grows into a new
organism of the same type as the parents.

Keywords Definition
Sepal Green, leafy structures that protect the other whorls while the flower
is developing.
Petals Coloured parts of a flower that can be fused or separate.
Stamens Male parts of the flower
Anther Upper part of a stamen that contains pollen grains.
Filament Stalk that carries the anther.
Pistil Female parts of the flower.
Ovary Bottom part of the pistil that contains the ovules.
Style Tube that connects the ovule to the stigma.
Stigma Tip of the style that receives pollen.

In Grade 6 you have learnt the parts of a plant. Look at Figure 1 below at the parts
of a flower.

Parts of a tree Parts of a plant

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 NS – Reproduction Angiosperms Pg.29-37 – GRADE 7

Seeds are produced in flowers:

You already learnt that flowering plants are called
angiosperms. The flower is what flowering plants use
for reproduction. Flowers contain the sexual organs
of the plant. Why are many flowers large and
colourful with a sweet scent? It is because many of
them, like the Geranium, need to attract an animal
before the plant can reproduce.
Geraniums
The structureare
of aflowers
flower:
attracting animals

Flowering plants have roots, stems, leaves and flowers. Flowers are the
reproduction organs of angiosperms. Fruit and seeds develop from the flowers. The
seed germinate and grow to form mature plants.

Figure 2: Structure of a flower Flower stalk/Stem

The four whorls of a plant:

Flowers are made up of different parts. The parts are arranged the circle. We call
these circles whorls, and each has a specific function.
1. Sepals – The outermost whorl consist of the green sepals. It is a green, leafy
structure that protect and enclose the other whorls while the flower develops.
2. Petals – Petals form the second whorl. It is the colourful part of a flower,
and we get many petals with bright colours. They can be fused or separate.
The nectar gland is found at the base of the petals. The nectar gland is found
at the base of the petals. The nectar gland secretes nectar, which is a sugary
liquid. Both the colourful petals and the nectar attract birds and insects to
flowers.

Figure 3: Blackberry lilies have

separate petals
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NS – Reproduction Angiosperms Pg.29-37 – GRADE 7

Figure 4: Blackberry lilies have

separate petals

3. Stamens: The third whorl is made up of the stamens. Stamen is the male
part of the flower. Each stamen is made of two parts called the “Anther” and
the “Filament”:
• Anther: Grain pollen are produced in the anther.
• Filament: The filament supports the anther (keep it upright).
4. Pistil – the Pistil is the fourth whorl which is the female whorl. The Pistil has
three parts (Ovary, style, stigma):
The THREE parts:
• The ovary: The ovary at the bottom contains the ovules, which are immature
seeds. Each ovule contains a female reproduction cell.
• The style: The style connects the ovary to the stigma.
• The stigma: The stigma is the tip of the style, and it receives pollen during
pollination.

Perfect and incomplete flowers:

Flowers that contain stamens and a pistil are called Perfect (Hermaphroditic)
flowers. Perfect (Hermaphroditic) flowers contain male and female structures.
Some flowers contain either male or female parts. They are called Incomplete
flowers. If a flower has only stamens, it is a male flower. Flowers that have only
pistils are female flowers.

Figure 5: Perfect (complete)

and Incomplete flowers

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NS – Reproduction Angiosperms Pg.29-37 – GRADE 7

Worksheet 1: Reproduction in Angiosperms.

1.1) Name the following parts of a flower:

(a) Male part of a flower

_____________________________

_____________________________

(b) Female part of a flower:

_____________________________
_____________________________
_____________________________

1.2) Complete the sentences below using the most appropriate words from the
word box.
* A word may be used more than once.

Carpel Stamen Stigma Anther Ovary Ovule Pollen Filament style

The male part of the flower called the _________________ consists of the

__________ and _____________. The female part of the flower is called the

____________the ______________ and consists of the ______________,

____________ and __________________. The male gamete is made in the

_________________ and is found inside the ______________ grain. The female

gamete is found in the _________________ and is called an _______________.

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 NS – Reproduction Angiosperms Pg.29-37 – GRADE 7

1.3) Label the parts of a flower. Use the word box to help you.

Petal Style Ovule Pistil Anther Stamen

Receptacle Stem Sepal Stigma Ovary Filament

D J H

C I
A

B
G

STRUCTURE OF A FLOWER

A. _________________________ B. _____________________________

C. _________________________ D. _____________________________

E. _________________________ F. _____________________________

G. __________________________ H. _____________________________

I. __________________________ J. _____________________________

K. __________________________

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NS – Reproduction Angiosperms Pg.29-37 – GRADE 7