Report Proctor Standart Soil Compaction Test

UNIVERSITI TUN HUSSEIN ONN MALAYSIA
Centre for Diploma Studies

________________________________________________________________
DEPARTMENT OF CIVIL ENGINEERING
GEOTECHNICAL ENGINEERING TECHNOLOGY
LABORATORY
LABORATORY REPORT
DAC 22103 / GEOTECHNICAL

Code / Course Name
ENGINEERING
PROCTOR STANDART SOIL
Experiment No / Title
COMPACTION TEST
Section 5
Group No. 6
Lecturer / Instructor’s CIK ANIS AYUNI BINTI SUIED

Name
Group Members Matric No.

1. NURSYAZWIY WAFIY BIN MOHD NOH
AA211232
2. MUHAMMAD MUHRIZ BIN MAZANI
AA212514
3. NUR AQILAH BINTI ADZMI AA212161
4. DENIEL NAJMUDDIN BIN NORHAIZAT AA211551

Date of
Experiment
Date of
Submission
ULASAN COP DITERIMA/RECEIVED

PEMERIKSA/COMMENTS STAMP
Experiment Title:
Lab Report Rubric DAC 22103 – GEOTECHNICAL
(Assessment Form) ENGINEERING
W TS R
Criteria 1 2 3 4 5 SCR
T C (%)
Theory, • Theory and • Theory and • Theory and other • Theory and other • Theory and other
objective, other other information information information regarding
procedure information information regarding the regarding the the laboratory are well
(10%) regarding the regarding the laboratory are laboratory are presented 2 0
laboratory are laboratory are partly presented presented with some
not presented presented mistakes
minimally
Analysis / • Trends / • Trends / • Trends / patterns • Trends / • Trends / patterns are
Result patterns patterns are are logically patterns are logically analyzed
(25%) are not not analyzed analyzed for the logically • Analysis is insightful
Cognitive
analyzed • • Analysis is most part analyzed • 5 0
Analysis is inconsistent • Analysis is general Analysis is
not thoughtful
relevant
Referen • Reference • Reference • Reference was • Reference was • Reference was
ce (5%) was not was minimally partly presented in presented in proper presented in proper
presented in presented in somewhat proper format and relevant format and relevant to
1 0
the report the report format and to the laboratory the laboratory work /
relevant to the work with some 4
laboratory work minor mistakes 0
Data • Data is not • Data lacks • Good • Accurate • Accurate
(25% represented or precision representation of representation of representation of the
) is not • Greater than the data using the data using data using tables
accurate 20% tables and/or tables and/or graphs and/or graphs •
difference graphs • Data is fairly Graphs and tables are
with accepted labeled and titled 5 0
Psycho • Less than 15% precise
motor values difference with • Less than 10% • Data is precise with
accepted values • difference with less than 5%

Precision is accepted values difference with
acceptable accepted values
/
3
0
Laboratory Instruction Manual
PROCTOR STANDART SOIL COMPACTION TEST
Participatio • Student was • Participation • Did the job but • Used time pretty • Showed interest, used
n hostile about was minimal did not appear to well. Stayed time very well, guide
(during participating be very interested. focused on the other students and very
1 0
experiment Focus lost on experiment most of focused on experiment
) several occasion the time
(5%)
Question & • Questions are Answers
• • Questions are • Questions are • Questions are
Discussion not answered to answered in answered in answered thoroughly
(15%) • No discussion questions complete sentences complete sentences and in complete
was are • A statement of the • Accurate statement sentences
included or incomplete • Accurate statement of
results of the lab of the results of the
shows little •A indicates whether lab indicates the results of lab
effort and statement results support the whether results indicates whether 3 0
reflection on of the hypothesis support the results support
the lab results is hypothesis hypothesis
incomplete • Possible sources of • Possible sources of
Affective with little error identified error and what was

reflection learned from the lab
on the lab discussed
Conclusion • Conclusion • Conclusion • Conclusion & • Conclusion & • Conclusion &
& & & recommendation recommendation recommendation was
Recommend recommendati recommendati was presented was presented presented accurately
ation (15%) on was not on was somewhat accurate accurately and and relevant to result
3 0
presented minimally and relevant to relevant to result obtain from the
presented result obtain from obtain from the laboratory work /
the laboratory laboratory work 3
work with minor mistakes 0
NAME OF LECTURER: SIGNATURE: DATE:
Note: SCR = SCORE, WT = WEIGHTAGE, TSCR =
TOTAL SCORE
PROCTOR STANDART SOIL C

OMPACTION TEST
STUDENT CODE OF ETHIC
(SCE)
DEPARTMENT OF CIVIL ENGINEERING
CENTRE FOR DIPLOMA STUDIES
We, hereby confess that we have prepared this report on our own effort. We also admit
not to receive any help from any third party during the preparation of this report and
pledge that everything mentioned in the report is true.
_________________
Student Signature (Group Representative)
Name : …………………………………………
Matric No. : …………………………………………..
Date : …………………………………………

OMPACTION TEST
1.1 INTRODUCTION
The Proctor Standard Compaction Test is a widely used method for determining soil samples'
maximum dry density and optimal moisture content. This test is useful in soil mechanics and
engineering because it provides information on the behaviour of soil under various
compaction conditions. We will conduct the Proctor Standard Compaction Test on a soil
sample and analyse the results in this laboratory experiment.
To ensure that the soil sample meets the desired compaction requirements for construction,
the maximum dry density and optimum moisture content should be determined.
To ensure that the results are representative of the soil conditions, the test should be repeated
on numerous samples from different areas of the site.The compaction energy applied during
the test should be appropriate for the soil's intended use. For heavy traffic areas, such as roads
and runways, a higher compaction energy may be required.During construction, the moisture
content of the soil should be controlled to ensure that the soil is compacted at the optimum
moisture content for maximum dry density.
The test results should be interpreted with caution because they are specific to the soil sample
tested and may not apply to other soil types.
Overall, the Proctor Standard Compaction Test is a useful tool for ensuring proper soil
compaction during construction projects. Construction professionals can ensure that the soil
is properly compacted to meet the desired specifications and performance requirements by
adhering to the recommended practises and carefully interpreting the results.
1.2 OBJECTIVES
The objectives of this experiment is :
● To achieve the highest possible dry density
● To achieve the ideal moisture content.
● To investigate the moisture content and dry density relationship of a soil

1.3 THEORY
Compaction of soil is the process of mechanically packing the solid particles closer together
to increase the dry density, 1994 in Markwick. It is accomplished by decreasing the amount
of air spaces in the soil. Even when compacted, a thin water layer that surrounds each soil
grain at low moisture content helps to keep the grains apart. More air will be evacuated
during compaction in addition to more water, up to a point. When soil grains are as tightly
packed as they can be, the dry density is at its highest point. The surplus water starts to push
the particles apart when the amount of water is greater than what is necessary to establish this
situation, reducing the dry density.
The optimal moisture content (OMC), and the accompanying dry density, are those at which
the largest value of dry density is obtained for the specified compaction effort.
Figure 1: Relationship between dry density (ρ𝑑) against moisture content for several types of
soil.

OMPACTION TEST
1.4 APPARATUS
1. Cylindrical metal mould, internal dimensions 105mm diameter and 115.5mm high
(Fitted with a detachable and removable extension collar).
2. Metal rammer with 50mm diameter face weighing 2.5kg, sliding freely in a tube
which controls the height of drop to 300mm.
3. Measuring cylinder; 200ml or 500ml (plastic)
4. 20mm BS sieve and receiver
5. Large metal tray
6. Electronic balance
7. Jacking apparatus for extracting compacted material from mould.
8. Small tools: palette knife, steel-straight edge, 300mm long, steel rule, scoop or garden
trowel.
9. Drying oven, 105-110°C and other equipment for the moisture content determination.
Figure 2
1.5 PROCEDURE
1. Make that the mould, base plate, extension, collar, and rammer are compliant with BS
1377. To the closest 1g (m1), weigh the mould. Calculate the average dimensions by
taking several measurements of its interior diameter (D) and length (L) in millimetres.
Figure 3
3
2. Calculate the internal volume of the mould (V)𝑚𝑚 using:
2
π×𝐷 ×𝐿
𝑉= 4000
3. Measure the weight of the metal tray that is empty and the 5 kg of air-dried soil
sample that passes through filter number four (4.75mm).

OMPACTION TEST
Figure 4
4. Set the mould assembly on a sturdy foundation, such a concrete floor. After each
round of compaction, add additional loose dirt until the mould is 1/3 full.
Figure 5
5. By using 27 rammer blows that are dropped from a regulated height of 300mm, the
dirt is compacted. Before releasing, make sure the rammer is positioned correctly
(Figure 3). Reminder: wait until the rammer has stopped before attempting to grip the
lifting knob. The steps must be completed in the order depicted in Figure 4. The final
layer should not rise more than 6mm above the mould. Repeat for the second and
third layers.
Figure 6
Figure 7: Sequence of blows using hand rammer


OMPACTION TEST
Figure 8: Soil in mould after compaction
6. Trimming is done by taking off the extension collar, removing extra soil, and levelling
up to the top of the mould. Any voids left behind when stones are removed from the
surface should be filled with fine material.
Figure 9
7. Trim the dirt at the bottom end of the mould after gently removing the baseplate. To
the closest g, weigh the soil and mould.
Figure 10
8. Fit the mould on to the extruder and jack out the soil. Break up the sample on the tray.
Figure 11

OMPACTION TEST
1.6 RESULTS
A: TEST CRITERIA
Serial no. Test No : Location : Location No:
Rammer mass :
No. of layer : Soil Description : Sample
2.5 kg
3 Brown sandy clay with No:
a little fine gravel
Blows per
No. of Sample preparation :
layer :
separate batch : Air dried and riffled
27
Table 1
DENSITY CALCULATION VOLUME OF CYLINDER = 1002 cm3
Measurement
(1) (2) (3) (4)
No.
Cylinder + soil
5648 6050 6030 5999
=Ag
Cylinder = B g
4170 4170 4170 4170
Soil mass = A – B 1478 1880 1866 1829
Wet density = ρ 1.56 1.98 1.97 1.93
Table 1.1

OMPACTION TEST
C: MOISTURE CONTENT
Measurement No. 1
(1)
Wet soil + container,w2 (g)

65.00
Dry soil + container,w1 (g)

58.14
Empty container, w0 (g) 25.60
Moisture content, wn (%), 21.08
AVERAGE MOISTURE, 21.08
w%
Table 1.2
Measurement No. 1
(2)

62.20

55.20
w%
Table 1.3

OMPACTION TEST
Measurement No. 1
(3)

58.91

51.37
w%
Table 1.4
Measurement No. 1
(4)

57.00

48.17
w%
Table 1.5

OMPACTION TEST
1.7 DATA CALCULATION



OMPACTION TEST


OMPACTION TEST
Figure 1
Graph dry density, ρd against moisture content, w


OMPACTION TEST
1.8 QUESTION AND DISCUSSION
1. Define and explained what is meant by optimum moisture content, and how it is
determined in the laboratory.
Optimum moisture content is the moisture content reached by the soil maximum dry
density. This can be measured by the Standard Proctor Compaction Test method. This
value is concerned with a certain amount of compaction energy used on land. The
moisture content of the sample can then be determined with the following formula
Where,
W2 = weight of moist soil + container
W1 = weight of the dry soil + container
Wo = weight of the empty container
2. Explained fully the principles and the methods involved in soil compaction. How
do you use the Proctor test apparatus in the field for checking soil compaction?
The compaction principle of minimizing the amount of air between the soil particles
is used to compact the soil. In other words, soil compaction occurs when the space
between soil particles decreases. Achieving the highest dry density and ideal moisture
content is the goal of compaction.
The use of soil modulus as a compaction control criterion can be used in the same
way as the dry density currently used. Compaction modulus criteria to be achieved in
the field are set through laboratory tests. Modified The Proctor or Standard Proctor
test is performed and the optimum moisture content as well as the maximum dry
density determined from the compaction curve. On the same time and for each Proctor
test, a modulus test is performed to obtain laboratory soil modulus. The density has a
controlling influence on the standard soil blocks of strength and density achieved to
depend on the current supplied energy compaction.
DISCUSSION
In the typical Proctor test, a 105mm-diameter mould is used, and three different soil layers
are compacted using 27 blows from a 2.5 kg hammer that is dropped 300 mm. The sample's
air spaces are fewer as a result of the compaction process. By taking smaller samples from
the top and bottom, the dirt compact can be divided into pieces small enough to fit in the
moisture cans. After 24 hours in the oven, determine the dry unit weight of the cans. In
contrast, the Proctor compaction test in the field employs a 4-inch-diameter mould and the
same manner as the laboratory test, compiling three distinct soil layers with 25 strikes from a
5.5-lb hammer that fall 12 inches.
1.9 CONCLUSION
Proctor's Standard Compaction Test is a useful tool for determining the maximum dry density
of soil samples and the optimum moisture content. These experimental findings can be used
to evaluate the suitability of soil samples for various construction applications. It should be
noted that the results of this test are specific to the soil sample tested and may not be
applicable to other types of soil. To obtain accurate and representative results, this test must
be performed on multiple samples.
In fact, the work of removing soil from the mold for the purpose of taking samples must use
accurate and appropriate equipment to prevent damage to the tools and be done in a large
metal tray area to prevent the study area from being cluttered to the point of being the cause
of accidents
2.0 REFERENCE
1. https://theconstructor.org/geotechnical/soil-maximum-dry-density-optimum-moisture-
content/18426/
2. https://civilseek.com/standard-proctor-test/
3. https://www.geoengineer.org/education/laboratory-testing/compaction-test

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UNIVERSITI TUN HUSSEIN ONN MALAYSIA

Centre for Diploma Studies

DAC 22103 / GEOTECHNICAL

Lecturer / Instructor’s CIK ANIS AYUNI BINTI SUIED

Group Members Matric No.

3. NUR AQILAH BINTI ADZMI AA212161

4. DENIEL NAJMUDDIN BIN NORHAIZAT AA211551

ULASAN COP DITERIMA/RECEIVED

accepted values • difference with less than 5%

PROCTOR STANDART SOIL COMPACTION TEST

Affective with little error identified error and what was

PROCTOR STANDART SOIL C

DEPARTMENT OF CIVIL ENGINEERING

CENTRE FOR DIPLOMA STUDIES

Matric No. : …………………………………………..

PROCTOR STANDART SOIL C

The objectives of this experiment is :

● To achieve the highest possible dry density

● To achieve the ideal moisture content.

● To investigate the moisture content and dry density relationship of a soil

PROCTOR STANDART SOIL COMPACTION TEST

PROCTOR STANDART SOIL C

PROCTOR STANDART SOIL COMPACTION TEST

PROCTOR STANDART SOIL C

PROCTOR STANDART SOIL COMPACTION TEST

Figure 7: Sequence of blows using hand rammer

PROCTOR STANDART SOIL C

Figure 8: Soil in mould after compaction

PROCTOR STANDART SOIL COMPACTION TEST

PROCTOR STANDART SOIL C

Serial no. Test No : Location : Location No:

PROCTOR STANDART SOIL COMPACTION TEST

DENSITY CALCULATION VOLUME OF CYLINDER = 1002 cm3

Soil mass = A – B 1478 1880 1866 1829

Wet density = ρ 1.56 1.98 1.97 1.93

PROCTOR STANDART SOIL C

Wet soil + container,w2 (g)

Dry soil + container,w1 (g)

Empty container, w0 (g) 25.60

Moisture content, wn (%), 21.08

AVERAGE MOISTURE, 21.08

PROCTOR STANDART SOIL COMPACTION TEST

Wet soil + container,w2 (g)

Dry soil + container,w1 (g)

Empty container, w0 (g) 25.40

Moisture content, wn (%), 23.49

AVERAGE MOISTURE, 23.49

PROCTOR STANDART SOIL C

Wet soil + container,w2 (g)

Dry soil + container,w1 (g)

Empty container, w0 (g) 23.80

Moisture content, wn (%), 27.35

AVERAGE MOISTURE, 27.35

PROCTOR STANDART SOIL COMPACTION TEST

Wet soil + container,w2 (g)

Dry soil + container,w1 (g)

Empty container, w0 (g) 19.90

Moisture content, wn (%), 31.23