Yr 11 Chemistry: Further Stoichiometry problems

1. Lithium hydroxide is used in space vehicles to absorb carbon dioxide exhaled by occupants. The
reaction is:
2 LiOH (s) + CO2 (g)  Li2CO3 (s) + H2O (l)
a) Calculate the mass of carbon dioxide which can be absorbed by 1.00 kg of lithium hydroxide.

Mm LiOH= 23.947 g/mol

mm= co2= 44.009 g/mol

Mols = 1000/23.947=41.7589mol

2LiOH combines with 1CO2, therefore, mols of CO2 absorbed by 1kg of LiOH is 41.76/2 = 20.9mols

20.9 x 44.009 = 918.88= 919g

b) If 2.50 x 102g of LiOH is exposed to 5.00 x 102L of CO2 gas (at STP), what mass of lithium carbonate
is produced?

250g of LiOH= 10.4397mol  limiting reagent

500/ 22.4= 22.3214mol of CO2

10.4397/2 = 5.21985mol of lithium carbonate produced

Mm of Li2CO3= 73.888g/mol

Mass= 73.888g * 5.21985

= 385.68
= 386g

2. Aspirin (C9H8O4) is synthesized by reacting salicylic acid (C7H6O3) with acetic anhydride (C4H6O3). The
balanced equation is:
C7H6O3 (aq) + C4H6O3 (aq)  C9H8O4 (aq) + HC2H3O2 (aq)
a. What mass of acetic anhydride is needed to completely consume 1.00 x 10 2g salicylic acid?
H6+O3=54.045
mm of acetic anhydride= 54.045+48.044= 102.089
mm of salicylic acid= 54.045+84.077= 138.122

Mols = 100g/138.122= 0.723998mols

x=0.723998 * 102.089 = 73.9g

b. Assuming all the salicylic acid reacted, what mass of aspirin would be produced by the reaction?

Mols of salicylic acid = 0.723998mols

mm of C9H8O4= 180.159
mass = 0.723998 * 180.159 = 130.435