• ple 1: A construction worker is using a power tool without the proper

safety guard in place (hole in slice 1). At the same time, a supervisor fails to
notice the missing guard during a routine inspection (hole in slice 2). The worker
is distracted by a loud noise and loses focus (hole in slice 3). These factors
align, leading to an accident where the worker is injured by the power tool.
• Example 2: A construction site has a safety protocol in place that
requires workers to wear fall protection when working at heights (slice 1).
However, the equipment is not properly maintained, and some of the harnesses are
damaged (hole in slice 2). A worker is working at height without wearing fall
protection (hole in slice 3). A sudden gust of wind causes the worker to lose
balance, and they fall, resulting in serious injury.
These examples demonstrate how multiple factors, or "holes," can align and lead to
accidents on construction sites, highlighting the importance of addressing
potential hazards proactively and maintaining multiple layers of defense to
minimize risks.

DOMINO THEORY

The domino theory suggests that accidents result from a series of events, like a
line of falling dominoes. For example, a worker might trip on an extension cord,
causing them to drop a tool, creating a spark that ignites flammable materials
nearby

The domino theory suggests that accidents result from a series of events, where one
event triggers another in a chain reaction, like a line of falling dominoes. Each
event is like a domino that knocks over the next one, leading to an accident.
Consider a construction site where workers are excavating a trench. The domino
theory might identify several events that could lead to an accident:
• Failure to properly inspect the soil and identify potential hazards
(domino 1)
• Lack of proper shoring or sloping of the trench walls (domino 2)
• Heavy rain that weakens the soil and increases the risk of collapse
(domino 3)
• A worker entering the trench without adequate protective equipment
(domino 4)
• A collapse of the trench walls, trapping or injuring the worker (domino
5)
Each event is a domino that can knock over the next one, leading to an accident.
The domino theory emphasizes the importance of addressing potential hazards
proactively and considering how different events can interact and create new risks.
It also highlights the importance of ongoing monitoring and vigilance to identify
potential hazards and prevent accidents. By removing or stabilizing dominoes, it's
possible to prevent a chain reaction that leads to an accident.
In summary, the domino theory provides a framework for understanding how multiple
events can combine to cause accidents and emphasizes the importance of proactive
hazard identification and management to minimize risks on construction sites

• Example 1: A construction worker is operating a crane without proper

training (domino 1). The crane is lifting a heavy load beyond its capacity (domino
2). The ground is uneven, causing the crane to become unstable (domino 3). The
worker doesn't notice the warning signs and continues operating the crane (domino
4). The crane tips over, causing serious damage and injuries.
• Example 2: A construction site has poor housekeeping practices, with
debris and materials left in walkways (domino 1). A worker trips on the debris and
drops a tool (domino 2). The tool falls and hits a gas line, causing a leak (domino
3). A spark from nearby equipment ignites the gas, causing an explosion and fire
(domino 4).
These examples demonstrate how one event can trigger a chain reaction, leading to
accidents on construction sites. By addressing potential hazards proactively and
maintaining a safe work environment, it's possible to prevent these dominos from
falling and avoid accidents.