Matric No: _________________

EDINBURGH NAPIER UNIVERSITY

SCHOOL OF ENGINEERING & THE BUILT ENVIRONMENT

ELECTRONIC DRIVES

ELE10106

Academic session: 2013/14 Diet: April/May

Exam duration: 2 hours Reading time: 10 minutes

(excluding reading time) Total exam 2 hours 10 minutes

time:

Please read full instructions before commencing writing

Exam paper information

 Total number of pages: 8
 Number of questions: 4
 Attempt THREE questions.

Special instructions
 Paper to be returned.

Special items
 Formula Sheet attached (pages 7 & 8)

Examiner(s): Dr D S Henderson, Dr M W Renton

1
 Attempt THREE questions.

1. (a) State and describe briefly the three main characteristics

of a diode.
(6)

(b) The single-phase bridge rectifier shown in Figure Q1(b)

is connected to a 120 V, 50 Hz source. If the load
resistance is 1.5 Ω, calculate the following;

i) the dc load current; (3)

ii) the PIV across the diodes; (2)

iii) the energy that must be stored so that the peak-peak

ripple is 5% of the dc current; (2)

iv) the inductance of the choke. (2)

Figure Q 1(b)

Q1 continued over page.

2
(c) A diode having a PIV rating of 750 V is used in a battery
charger shown in Figure Q1(c). The battery voltage is 120
V and R = 15 Ω.

i) Sketch the voltage and current waveforms over one

cycle of the ac supply and calculate the maximum
rms secondary voltage of the transformer so that the
diode will not break down.
(5)
ii) For how many electrical degrees will the diode
conduct if the actual rms secondary voltage is 175 V
and in this case, what is the peak current in the
diode?
(5)

Figure Q1(c)

Total Marks [25]

3
2. (a) Describe the burst-fire control technique for a.c. power
control circuits. Include a sketch of the waveforms and
state any advantages and disadvantages associated with
this technique.
(5)

(b) A 3-phase, 6-pulse, bridge rectifier circuit is supplied from

a 400 V, 3-phase, 60 Hz source. The load comprises a
220 V battery with an internal resistance of 1.8 Ω. If the
load draws a current of 150 A and the delay angle is 60°,
neglecting converter losses, calculate;

i) The dc output voltage of the rectifier; (2)

ii) The reactive power drawn from the supply; (2)
iii) The displacement power factor; and (1)
iv) The total power factor. (2)

(c) If the polarity of the battery in Q2(b) is reversed, the

converter acts as an inverter. If the converter is controlled
such that the battery then delivers 80 A to the converter,
calculate;

i) The dc voltage generated by the inverter; (3)

ii) The delay angle. (2)

(d) Sketch the characteristics of a MOSFET device connected

in common source mode. With reference to these
characteristics, discuss the operation of the power
MOSFET as a switch.
(8)
Total Marks [25]

4
3. (a) With reference to the torque-speed characteristic of a
cage induction motor, describe how a machine can function
in the four quadrants. (4)

(b) A voltage-source inverter drive, shown in Figure Q.3, is

fed from a 415 V, 3-phase, 50 Hz supply. The machine
is a 45 kW, 8-pole, 415 V, 3-phase, 50 Hz cage induction
motor that has a power factor of 0.9 when it runs at full-
load at 720 r/min. Converter 2 is a 6-pulse inverter with
an efficiency of 96%.

Figure Q.3
Determine:

(i) the average current and voltage in the DC link; (4)

(ii) the firing angles of converters 1 and 2; (4)

(iii) the supply current and inverter firing-angle when

the motor is driven at 500 r/min, whilst maintaining
constant air-gap flux and the firing-angle of
converter 1 is adjusted to 52°. (8)

(c) With the aid of sketches, discuss how in a PWM drive,

variation in the number and width of pulses can be used to
produce an a.c. output with variable frequency and
magnitude. (5)
Total Marks [25]

5
4. (a) An electric vehicle is driven by a 60 kW, 900 r/min, 400 V
series connected d.c. motor. The nominal full-load current
is 120 A and the total resistance of the motor is 0.5 . The
vehicle is fed from a 600 V d.c. line. A chopper controls
the motor and it has a fixed on-time of 500 s.

Calculate:

(i) The chopper frequency and the current drawn from

the line when the motor is at standstill and drawing
1.5 times full-load current. (6)

(ii) The chopper frequency and current drawn from the

line at rated output. (4)

(iii) The motor speed when delivering rated current, if

the chopper frequency is set at 1000 Hz. (6)

(b) From a conventional d.c. motor, develop the arrangement

of a brushless d.c. motor and describe its mode of operation. (9)

Total Marks [25]

END OF PAPER

6
ELE10106 Electronic Drives – Formula Sheet
Single-phase bridge rectifier

5.5P
Ed  0.90E (V) ripple  (%)
fWl

3-phase, 3-pulse rectifier

Ed  0.675E (V)

3-phase, 6-pulse rectifier (uncontrolled)

0.17 P
Ed  1.35E (V) ripple  (%)
fWl

Effective Line Current

I  0.816I d (A) I f  0.955I (A)

3-phase, 6-pulse rectifier/inverter (controlled)

Ed  1.35E cos  (V) Q  P tan  (VAr)

DC-DC Converters
( E  Eo )T1 Ta
T2  s (s) D
Eo T
I T ET
I s  o a  I o fTa (A) Eo  s a  E s fTa (V)
T T
1 Eo  D.E s (V)
Ta  Tb  (s)
f

4-Quadrant DC-DC Converters

ELL  EH (2D  1) (V)

4-Quadrant DC-AC Converters

Erms = 0.9ELL(Max)

𝐸𝑀𝐴𝑋(𝑝𝑒𝑎𝑘)
𝑚=
𝐸𝐻
𝑓
𝑚𝑐 = 𝑓 𝑐
𝑜𝑢𝑡

7
DC-AC 3-phase converter (PWM)

Em = 0.5mEh (V) Erms = 0.612mEh (V)

DC Motor Braking

To  0.693T (s)

Jn 2
To  (s)
131.5P1

3-phase, 6-pulse converter with freewheeling diode

Ed  1.35E (1  cos[120   ]) (V)

 d  30   / 2 (deg)

I  I d (120   ) / 90 (A)

Displacement Power factor = cos  d

Half Bridge Converter

Ed  0.675E (1  cos  ) (V)

d   / 2 (deg)

I  I d (180   ) / 180 (A)

DC-AC sin-wave converter

Em
D  0.5[1  sin(360 ft   )]
Eh

VSI rectangular-wave converter

El  0.78Ed (V)

Slip Power Recovery

E2
s
1.35Eoc