Grammar points

Present simple - facts, habits, truths and permanent situations. For positive sentences add -s to
the infinitive without 'to' for he, she and it; make questions and negatives with do or does + the
infintive without 'to'. It is used with adverbs of frequency ; sometime, usually, rarelt, never
seldom, always, usually , everyday …………..

If we heat butter it melts

The sun rises from the east

I check my email every day.

Yuki works at the bank.

I don't eat meat.

It doesn't usually snow in October.

Why do you read the news online every day?

Does the supermarket sell stamps?

Present Continuous - activities that are happening now, temporary situations, activities in progress
and future arrangements. For positive sentences, the form is subject + am/is/are + verb-ing. Make
negatives with not and change the word order to make questions.

I’m wrting the grammer sentences for you at the moment.

I’m explainig the course at the moment.

Just a minute. I'm checking my email.

She's working from home this week.

The twins are studying Economics.

I'm seeing the doctor on Monday morning.

He isn't answering his mobile at the moment.

What are we doing?

Is it raining?

Verbs of thinking and feeling, for example: hear, see, smell, hate, know, understand,
believe, want, need are not usually used in the continuous form.
WRONG: Could you explain that again? I'm not understanding.
CORRECT: Could you explain that again? I don't understand.

Present Perfect - for life experiences in the past; recent past actions that are important
now; past situations that are still happening now (often with how
long, for and since; with just, already, yet for recent events. For positive sentences, the
form is subject + have/has + past participle. Make negatives with not and change the word
order to make questions.
I have learned English for more than 15year
I have just knocked the door.
I've seen all Tarantino's films.

Have you ever eaten sushi? - Yes, I have. / No, I haven't.

The president has resigned.

I haven't seen Jenny this morning.

How long have you known Mitya? - I've known him for two years.

They've been in Italy since January.

It's just stopped raining.

We've already had breakfast.

The films haven't started yet.

Have you done your English homework yet?

Past perfect: meaning and use

When we're talking about two events in the past, we use the past perfect to say which happened
first

Form

The past perfect is made with subject + had/hadn't + past participle

Positive

When I arrived they had already finshed dinner.

When my parents got to the station, they realised they had left the tickets at home.

Negative

Kerry couldn’t leave work on time because she hadn't written the report.

Question

Had you finished your homework before the movie started?

Future :

he simple future tense is used to talk about an event which is yet to take place. The simple future
tense form is constructed with the help of the auxiliaries will/shall.
I shall write to him.
I will come.
We will wait.
He will certainly pass the test.
We will buy a house in the city.

Note that the simple future tense constructed with will or shall is still only a weak expression of a
wish or hope. To make it a strong expression of determination, the phrase ‘going to’ is often used.

I am going to write to him.

He is going to pass the test.
I am going to get a job.
We are going to buy a house in the city.