DETECTION OF ANIONS IN UNKNOWN INORGANIC SAMPLE:

Sample No:
Color & Appearance:
Solubility: Soluble in Water
PRELIMINARY TESTS FOR ANIONS

EXPERIMENT OBSERVATION INFERENCE

1. To a small amount a) Brisk effervescence without a) Carbonate present
of sample dilute smell and turns lime
H2SO4 was added.
water milky
b) Brisk effervescence b) Sulphide may
with smell of rotten eggs and be present
turns lead acetate paper
shiny black
c) Colourless vapour with smell c)Acetate may be
of vinegar present.
2. To a small amount Dense white fumes Chloride may be
of sample added present.
conc. H2SO4.
A glass rod moistened
with Ammonium
hydroxide solution is
held near the mouth of
the test tube
3. To the sample a small Brown fumes evolves Nitrate may be
piece of Cu turning was present.
added followed by
concentrated H2SO4 and
heated strongly
WET TESTS FOR ANIONS: aqueous solution of the sample was
prepared and following tests were performed with the aqueous solution.
EXPERIMENT OBSERVATION INFERENCE

1.A small amount White precipitate formed Sulphate present

of aqueous solution is which is insoluble in and confirmed.
acidified with dilute HCl mineral acids.
acid and barium chloride
is added.
2. A small amount A white precipitate formed Chloride
of aqueous solution is which is soluble in NH4OH present and
acidified with HNO3 confirmed.
(tested with litmus
paper) and a few drops
of AgNO3 is added.
3. To the aqueous solution A brown ring is formed Nitrate present
of the sample freshly at the juncture of the and confirmed.
prepared FeSO4 solution is two liquids
added and shaken well.
Concentrated H2SO4 is
added slowly by the sides
of the test tube
4.A small amount of A violet color develops Sulphide present
sample is treated with and confirmed.
NaOH, followed by
sodium nitroprusside

5. Aq. Soln. of sample Reddish colour appears. Acetate present

+ neutral FeCl3 solution. and confirmed.
On acidifying with dil HCl
the reddish colour
disappears.

Conclusion: Given sample contains as anion.