Georges Braque was born on 13 May 1882.

Braque's earliest works were impressionistic, but after

seeing the work exhibited by the artistic group known as the "Fauves" (Beasts) he adopted a Fauvist
style. The Fauves, a group that included Henri Matisse and André Derain among others, used brilliant
colors to represent emotional response.Braque's paintings of later reflected his new interest in
geometry and simultaneous perspective. He conducted an intense study of the effects of light and
perspective and the technical means that painters use to represent these effects, seeming to
question the most standard of artistic conventions. In his village scenes, for example, Braque
frequently reduced an architectural structure to a geometric form approximating a cube, yet
rendered its shading so that it looked both flat and three-dimensional by fragmenting the image. He
showed this in the painting Houses at l'Estaque.Some of his famous works include Violin and
candlestick,Still life with metronome etc.He died in the year 1963

Pablo Picasso

Pablo Picasso was born in Spain in the year 1881 had impacted the development of modern and
contemporary art.He is considered one of the greatest artist of the 20th century.He co-founded the
style of art called cubism.His father was a painter and teacher.At the age of eight, Picasso created his
first oil painting called "The Picador". Later Pablo moved with his family to Northern Spain, where his
father taught him.He began to attend the art school in Barcelona after passing the entrance
examination.First he visited Paris and returned shortly when he had his first Paris solo exhibition.
Blue Period paintings of beggars and sad-faced women were popular. Settled in Paris he painted
some pictures of circus folk and embarked on his Rose Period.He also made some neo-classic figure
paintings parallel to later Cubism after which he started to make more violently expressive and
metamorphic works in the following years frequently exhibited with the Surrealists.In his paintings,
Picasso used colour as an expressive element, but relied on drawing and colour to create form and
space.He sometimes added sand to his paint to create its texture.

Awarded First Prize at Pittsburgh International.

Pablo Picasso died on 1973 in France.

Henri Matisse

Henri Matisse was born in Northern France on 1869, the oldest son of a wealthy grain merchant.He
first started to paint after his mother brought him art supplies during a period of convalescence
following an attack of appendicitis. He discovered "a kind of paradise" as he later described it, and
decided to become an artist, deeply disappointing his father.Matisse, an unknown art student at the
time, visited the Australian painter John Russell who introduced him to Impressionism and to the
work of Vincent van Gogh—who had been a friend of Russell and gave him a Van Gogh drawing.
Matisse's style changed completely,abandoning his earth-coloured palette for bright colours. He
later said Russell was his teacher, and that Russell had explained colour theory to him. The same
year, Matisse exhibited five paintings.Matisse created brilliantly colored canvases structured by
color applied in a variety of brushwork, ranging from thick impasto to flat areas of pure pigment,
sometimes accompanied by a sinuous, arabesque-like line. Paintings such as Woman with a Hat
when exhibited in Paris, gave rise to the the first of the avant-garde movements named “Fauvism”
.Sculpture was another medium pursued by Matisse since his early years, and although independent
in expression, it was frequently used to find a solution to pictorial problems or became an inspiration
to painting.Some of his famous paintings including Blue nudes,women with a hat,the green
stripe,the snail etc.In the last years of his life Matisse was confined to a wheelchair. As painting
became increasingly difficult physically, the artist turned to his cut-out technique. He made shapes
of paper with a scissor, which he then arranged using a long stick in a technique he called “painting
with scissors".

He died in the year 1954.

Edvard Munc was Born in the year 1863.His childhood was overshadowed by illness and the dread of
inheriting a mental condition that ran in the family.Munch intended for his intense colors, semi-
abstraction, and mysterious, often open-ended themes.Thus his drawings, paintings, and prints take
on the quality of psychological talismans: having originated in Munch's personal experiences, they
bear the power to express, and perhaps alleviate, any viewer's own emotional or psychological
condition.The Sick Child is one of Munch's earliest works, considered by the artist "a breakthrough"
for setting the tone for his early career.The significance of Munch's The Scream within the annals of
modern art cannot be overstated.Among representative works of this period are The Sun, Spring
Ploughing, and Bathing Man.In 1892, the Union of Berlin Artists invited Munch to be the subject of
the union's first solo exhibition.His somber, resonant color, as well as his rendering of the human
figure would prove enduring expressive and stylistic hallmarks of Symbolism, Expressionism,
Fauvism, etc.

He died in the year 1944.

Andre Derain

Derain was one of the founders of the Fauve artistic movement along with Matisse.Derain was born
in 1880 in France.Derain studied painting in Paris where he developed his early style in association
with Maurice de Vlaminck and Henri Matisse.Like the other artists he painted landscapes and figure
studies in brilliant, sometimes pure colours and used broken brushstrokes and impulsive lines to
define his spontaneous compositions.Under the influence of Paul Signac's painting, Derain applied
pure colours straight from the tube onto a canvas with a white ground in thick, square dabs of the
brush that gave the picture surface the appearance of a mosaic.Later Derain broke with Fauvism,
when he was temporarily influenced by the works of the Post-Impressionist painter Paul Cézanne.
Derain worked for a few years in a stylized form of Cubism, but by the 1920s his paintings of nudes,
still lifes, and portraits had become increasingly Neoclassical.Some of his famous works include
Charing cross bridge,Landscape near Chatou etc.
The artist died on 1954 in France. Today, Derain’s works are held in the collections of many
renowned galleries around the world.
Paul Klee

Paul Klee was born in Switzerland, in the year 1879.In his early years, following his parents' wishes,
Klee focused on becoming a musician,but he decided on the visual arts during his teen years.At
sixteen, Klee's landscape drawings already show considerable skill.With his parents' permission,Klee
began studying art at the Academy of Fine Arts in Munich.He excelled at drawing but seemed to lack
any natural color sense.

He was developing some experimental techniques, including drawing with a needle on a blackened
pane of glass, resulting in fifty-seven works including his Portrait of My Father.He also completed a
cycle of eleven zinc-plate etchings called Inventions and his first exhibited works, in which he
illustrated several grotesque characters.He used blocks of color with limited overlap. Klee discovered
"the style which connects drawing and the realm of color."Klee was at the peak of his creative
output. His Ad Parnassum is considered his masterpiece and the best example of his pointillist style.

He died in, Switzerland,on 1940.

Jackson Pollock (1912-1956) was an influential American painter and a leading figure in the Abstract
Expressionist movement. Known for his unique painting technique and groundbreaking approach to
art, Pollock's work revolutionized the way people perceive and understand contemporary art. Here's
a detailed note about Jackson Pollock, his art style, famous artworks, and characteristics of his
works:

*Art Style:*

- Jackson Pollock is best known for his innovative "drip painting" technique, which involved dripping
or pouring paint onto canvas .

- Pollock's paintings are characterized by their energetic, spontaneous, and gestural quality, with
drips, splatters, and lines of paint crisscrossing the canvas.

- His process of creating art was as important as the final product.

*Famous Artworks:*

1. Number 1, 1950 (Lavender Mist) - This iconic painting exemplifies Pollock's drip technique, with
layers of paint applied in swirling, rhythmic patterns. It is considered one of his masterpieces.

2. Autumn Rhythm (Number 30) - A large-scale canvas filled with dynamic, rhythmic lines and
splatters of paint, conveying a sense of movement and energy.

3. Convergence - An intense composition featuring layers of overlapping colors and textures,

creating a sense of depth and complexity.

4. Blue Poles: Number 11, 1952 - One of Pollock's most famous works, featuring tall, vertical lines of
paint against a blue background, suggestive of totemic forms and primal energy.

5. Mural - Commissioned by Peggy Guggenheim for her New York City townhouse, this monumental
painting showcases Pollock's early experimentation with abstract forms and dynamic compositions.

*Characteristics of His Works:*

- All-Over Composition: Rather than having a focal point or hierarchy of forms, Pollock's works often
feature an all-over composition, where every part of the canvas is equally important.

- Emotional Expression: Pollock believed in the importance of expressing emotion

- Spontaneity and Chance: Pollok allowed paint to flow freely and improvising as he worked, often
without preconceived ideas or sketches.

- Influence of Jungian Psychology: Pollock was influenced by the ideas of Swiss psychiatrist Carl Jung,
particularly the concept of the collective unconscious and the role of archetypes in human
experience. This influence is evident in the symbolic and primal quality of his work.

Jackson Pollock's innovative approach to painting and his commitment to artistic experimentation
continue to inspire artists and viewers around the world.
Marcel Duchamp, a pioneering figure in 20th-century art, was born on 1887, in France, He is best
known for his revolutionary contributions to conceptual art, particularly through his use of
readymades – everyday objects that he selected and presented as art.

One of his most famous works is "Fountain" a urinal signed with the pseudonym "R. Mutt." This
piece challenged conventional notions of art, raising questions about authorship, originality, and the
role of the artist. Duchamp's embrace of the readymade concept profoundly influenced subsequent
generations of artists and paved the way for movements such as Dadaism and conceptual art.

Throughout his career, Duchamp was not confined to a single medium or style, experimenting with
painting, sculpture, collage, and even performance art. His playful approach to artmaking and his
willingness to challenge established norms continue to inspire contemporary artists and provoke
critical inquiry into the nature of art itself .He passed away in the year 1968.