MATHEMATICS IN THE MODERN WORLD

Imelda B. Antonio
Mary Hope H. Gravoso
LINEAR PROGRAMMING
At the end of this module, you are expected to:

1 Understand the concept of linear programming.

2. Determine the essentials of linear programming.
3. Formulate equation associated with linear programming.
Linear Programming
• It consists of methods for solving optimization problems with constraints which is
a method used for finding the maximum (or minimum) value.
• It is also referred to as linear optimization
Essentials of Linear Programming Models
1. Limited resources: Labor ,material equipment and finance must have a limited number

2. Objective: The purpose is to optimize(maximize profit and minimize cost)

3. Linearity: Increase in labor input must be proportional to labor output

4. Homogeneity: It is assumed that products, worker’s efficiency and machines are identical

5. Divisibility: Resources and products are assumed to be divided into fractions

Properties of Linear Programming Models

1. The relationship among decision variables must be linear.

2. An objective function must always be present in a linear model. It states
whether to maximize or minimize.
3. Constraints pertaining to resources are essential.
4. Constraints must be nonnegative.
Formulation of Linear programming

Objective function
It is identified and converted into a suitable objective function.It
represents the aim or goal of the system which has to be determined from the
problem. Generally the objective in most cases will be either to maximize resources
or profits or to minimize the cost or time.
Formulation of Linear programming

Constraints
When the availability of resources are in surplus there will be no
problem. In real life, organizations to be formed normally have scarce resources
within which the job has to be performed in the most effective way. Therefore,
problem situations are within confined limits in which the optimal solution to the
problem must be found.
References and Supplementary Materials
1. Richard Aufmann ,Joanne Lockwood ,Richard Nation ,Daniel Clegg ,Susanna S.
Epp;2018;Mathematics in the Modern World;Manila ,Philippines;Rex
Bookstore,Inc
2. Susana S. Epp;2011;Discrete Mathematics:An Introduction to Mathematical
Reasoning;Brooks/Cole ;Cengage Learning