College of Teacher Education

Bachelor of Elementary Education (BEED)

Prepared by: Group 1
Freud’s Theory
• Known as Psychoanalytic Theory
• He is considered the most well-known
psychologist because of his very interesting
theory about the unconscious and sexual
development.
• Freud’s theory sparked the ideas in the brilliant
minds of other theorists and thus became the
starting point of many other theories.
 Stages of Psychosexual Development
• A person goes through the sequence of the five stage.
•These are specific “pleasure areas” that become focal points for the particular stage .
• If needs are not met along the area, a fixation occurs.

1. Oral Stage ( birth to 18 months)

• The erogenous is mouth

• The child is focused on oral pleasures (sucking).
❖ Fixation
• smoking
• drink alcohol
• bite his/her nails
• use curse word
 2. Anal Stage (18 months to 3 years)

• The erogenous zone is anus

• The child finds satisfaction in eliminating and retaining
feces
❖ Fixation
• Anal retentive
• Anal expulsive

3. Phallic Stage (ages 3 to 6)

• The erogenous zone is the genitals

• During the preschool age, children become interested in what
makes boys and girls different
➢ Oedipus Complex ➢ Electra complex
• Boys develop unconscious sexual • She turns against her mother and
desire for their mother. develops feelings for her father.
 ❖ Fixation
• Sexual deviance
• Confused sexual identity

4. Latency Stage ( age 6 to puberty)

• During this stage, sexual urge remain

repressed.
• The children’s focused is the acquisition of
physical and academic skills.
 5. Genital Stage (puberty onwards)

• The psychosexual development begins at the

start of puberty when sexual urges are once again
awakened.
• Adolescents focus their sexual urges towards
the opposite sex peers, with the pleasure
centered on their genitals.

Freud’s Personality Components

The Id The Ego The Super ego

• The most basic part • It operates using • The superego embodies a

of the personality. the reality principle. person’s moral aspect.
• Seeks instant • The deciding agent • the conscience to exerts
gratification for our of the personality. influence on what one
wants and needs. considers right and wrong.
 Consciousness and the Unconscious

Consciousness Unconscious

• A thin slice of the total mind. • stores all experiences, memories, and
repressed materials.
• Unconscious processes are at the root of all
forms of neurotic symptoms and behaviors.
Erikson’s Theory
• Erikson’s ‘psychosocial’ term is derived from the two source
words namely
• Psychological
• Social

Epigenetic principle
The influence of one’s environment,
particularly on how earlier experiences
gradually build upon the next and result
into one’s personality
Introduction to the Eight Stages
 Contrary dispositions

Psychosocial crisis of two opposing emotional forces.

Syntonic
For the first-listed ‘positive’ disposition in each crisis (i.e., trust).
Dystonic
For the second-listed ‘negative’ disposition (i.e., mistrust).
Virtue or psychosocial strength
If a stage is managed well.

Malignancy
It involves too little of the positive and too much of the negative aspect of the task,
such as a person who cannot trust others.
Maladaptation
Involves too much of the positive and too little of the negative, such as a person
who trusts too much.
Bandura’s Theory
• known as social learning theory
• emphasizes the importance of observing, modelling, and
imitating the behaviors, attitudes, and emotional reactions of
others.

Two important ideas about learning theory

1. Mediating processes occur between stimuli and responses.
2. Behavior is learned from the environment through the process
of observational learning.
 Observational Learning
• illustrated during the famous Bobo doll experiment
(Bandura, 1961).
• Individuals that are observed are called models.
THE BOBO DOLL EXPERIMENT
• Reinforcement - can be external or internal and can be positive or negative.
• Vicarious reinforcement - A person learns by observing the consequences of
another person’s.
• Identification - occurs with another person (the model) and involves taking
on (or adopting) observed behaviors, values, beliefs, and attitudes of the
person with whom you are identifying.
• Mediational processes - automatically observe the behavior of a model and
imitate it.
Four Mediational Processes
1. Attention:
• pay attention to the behavior.
• be imitated, it has to grab our attention.

2. Retention:
• behavior is remembered
• behavior may be noticed but is it not always remembered which obviously prevents imitation.
• There needs to be a memory to refer to.
3. Reproduction:
• ability to perform the behavior that the model has just demonstrated.

4. Motivation:
• The will to perform the behavior
• behavior will be more likely to be imitated by the observer.
END OF LESSON 14
References
Corpuz, B., Lucas, M., Borabo, H., & Lucido, P. (2015). Child and Adolescent
Development. Saint Louis University (n.d.). Psychology 4. Child Psychology. Baguio City.

Feldman, R. (2010). Understanding psychology. University of Massachusetts.

Kurt, S. (2020, January 6). Social Learning Theory: Albert Bandura. Educational
Technology. Retrieved December 3, 2021, from
https://educationaltechnology.net/social-learning-theoryalbert-bandura/.

Mcleod, S. (2016, February 05). Albert Bandura's social learning theory. Albert
Bandura's Social Learning Theory | Simply Psychology. Retrieved December 3, 2021,
from https://www.simplypsychology.org/bandura.html.