LAB# 05

BAHRIA UNIVERSITY KARACHI CAMPUS

Department of Electrical Engineering

INDUSTRIAL AUTOMATION

LAB EXPERIMENT # 5

Introduction to Different PLCs

OBJECTIVE:-

 To be familiar with Fatek PLC

 To be familiar with Glofa PLC

EQUIPMENT:-

1. GLOFA PLC Trainer.

2. FATEK PLC with its Trainer Rack.
3. Downloading Cable.
4. GMWIN software
5. WinProladder software
6. Computer.

INTRODUCTION TO PLC SYSTEM

A programmable logic controller (PLC) is specialized computers used to control machines and
process. It is consists of the following components:
 Central Processing Unit (CPU)
 Memory
 Input modules
 Output modules
 Power supply

A PLC hardware block diagram is shown in Figure 5.1. The programming terminal in the diagram is
not a part of the PLC, but it is essential to have a terminal for programming or monitoring a PLC. In
the diagram, the arrows between blocks indicate the information and power flowing directions.

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Figure 5.1 PLC Hardware Block Diagram

These functions are basic and combinational logic operations such as AND, OR, AND-NOT, OR- NOT,
timer and counter operations. In addition to these, PLCs may have the ability to realize several transfer,
mathematical, and PID operations.

PLC consists of three main parts: CPU, memory and I/O units.

CPU is the brain of PLC. It reads the input values from inputs, runs the program existed in the
program memory and writes the output values to the output register. Memory is used to store
different types of information in the binary structure form. I/O units provide communication
between PLC control systems. The programming is the terminal uses for programming software
for programming and talking to a PLC.

Constructing of PLC Program

The ladder logic diagram (LAD) method is commonly used to implement the programs for process
controls.

PROCEDURE for Fatek PLC: -

Below is the procedure to use WinProladder

A-Working Desk of the WinProladder

The screen shot shown on next page is a typical working screen of WinProladder is consist of many
operating areas, among these areas the most important are shown in Figure 5.2:

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Figure 5.2 Ladder diagram

B-Create a new project

File -> New Project

Then 'New Project' dialog will be brought out.
Input the project name - ' tutorial project' in the 'Project Name' filed and pickup one model in the 'Model
Name' combo-list and then use the mouse left click the OK button or press the Enter key.

C-Ladder program entry

a. Input contacts (X0, X1,…..) & Output contacts(Y0,Y1,….)

Move the mouse pointer to the component pallet and click the button then the pointer will change from the
pure arrow shape into an arrow shape with an A contact beneath with it. At this time the cursor act like a
stamp, if left click the mouse button will stamp an A contact on the click position.
Now move the cursor to the top most left position of ladder window and click then a dialog will pop out
as shown in Figure 5.3:

Figure 5.3 Input Contact Element Block

Now enter the X0 with keyboard and press Enter.

Similarly, for output contact, click on output coil in component pallet and follow the above mentioned
steps

b. Input the timer contact

Insert the timer contact like we insert the input contact as described in Figure 5.4.

Figure 5.4 Time Contact Element Block

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Now enter the T0 with keyboard and press E.

c. Enter timer function

Select the timer from input pallet by clicking on it, see Figure 5.5.

Figure 5.5 Function Edit Block

Now enter the T0 at T: field then enter 100 at PV field and click the OKbutton or press Enter.

d. Enter the Counter

Similarly insert the counter as shown in Figure 5.6.

Figure 5.6 Counter Block

e. Enter the SHFT function

Move the mouse pointer to the component pallet and click the button then move the pointer to the
position right next to the T0 contact and click then a dialog will pop out as shown in Figure 5.7.

Figure 5.7 Function Lookup Block

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Now enter SHFL Enter or 51 Enter or click the 'Shift/Rotate' item in the class field and then pick 'SHFL'
in the Name field then SHFL will show in the Function Name field and then press Enter key.
After above operation then will pop up a dialog as shown in Figure 5.8:

Figure 5.8 Function Edit Block

Similarly, we can insert MOV function.

Example

Draw given ladder logic diagrams as shown in Figure 5.9.

Figure 5.9 Ladder Logic Diagram

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PROCEDURE for GLOFA PLC:-

Below is the procedure to use GMWIN (software used with Glofa PLC)

1. How to execute GMWIN.

Press the start menu start of windows.

Select program – GMWIN and press the mouse.

The initial screen of GMWIN appears as shown in Figure 5.10.

Figure 5.10 Initial Screen of GMWIN

2. How to make Project.

Select [project]-[New Project ] to start the wizard.

Input instance name.

Input program name Star_to_Delta and then click [Next] to move to new program page.

Select the type of language for program (LD) from new program dialogue box.

After input the comments for program to the comments column, press [Enter] key or click
[Finish]

3. How to do Programming.

 Insert contact / output coil.

Select from tool box and click the mouse on the ‘0’ row position of LD window.

If variable window appears as shown in Figure 5.11, input the variable name and click [ok].

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Select the type of variable from variable add/modify window and click [ok].

Figure 5.11 Variable Window

Similarly, select from toolbox and click the mouse on the side position of Contact.

Input the name of variable (motor 1) and then click [ok].

After selecting the variable type of, click [ok] and the coil will be inputted.

 How to make Function.

Select from tool window by using a mouse, a window appears as shown in Figure 5.12.

Click the mouse on the row 1, column 2 position of LD window.

Click [ok]

Similarly, insert timer.

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Figure 5.12 Function Block Window

4. How to compile / write + connect

Go to online → Make / compile + connect

Then upload your Program.

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Lab Exercise

Q1. Construct the Ladder diagram as given in Figure 5.13 for the following Boolean functions and
verify your results.

Figure 5.13 Ladder Logic Diagram

Q2. A PLC motor has two START and two STOP buttons. The motor is to run when two START
buttons pressed simultaneously. The motor should run when the buttons are released. Motor stops by
pressing any STOP button. Construct ladder logic for this motor control task. Use the below symbols
as shown in TABLE 5.1 for inputs and output.

TABLE 5.1 SYMBOLS FOR INPUT AND OUTPUT

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Q3. Sample Program and implement it on GLOFA PLC.

Build the Ladder Logic as shown in Figure 5.14.

Figure 5.14 Sample Ladder Logic Diagram

Allocate the memory and give the names to indirect variables according to the memory I/O map
As given in TABLE 5.2.

TABLE 5.2 MEMORY I/O MAP OF VARIABLES

Section Indirect Variable Name I/O Allocation Comments

Input START_SWITCH %IX0.0.0 push button for start
STOP_SWITCH %IX0.0.1 push button for stop
Output Y_OPERATION %QX0.2.0 Y operation output
DELTA_OPERATION %QX0.2.2 delta operation output
STOP__LAMP %QX0.2.3 stop lamp output
T1 AUTOMATIC
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Make connections according to the following Figure 5.15

Figure 5.15 Connection Diagram

Teacher Signature: __________________

Student Registration No: __________________

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