VANDANA VIDYAMANDIR CLASSES

Mechanical Property of Solid

MCQs:- Q5. Consider a wire made of an alloy of length I and
cross-section area A having Young's modulus Y. If a
Q1. Consider a wire whose Length is L and weight is W wire is stretched to a certain length (" some amount
is connected with weight W1 suspending from its of work done occurs if the same wire is again
lower end. Suppose S is the area of the cross-section stretched to length ('. What percentage of work done
of the wire. What will be the stress in the wire at a amount is done?
2 '2
height which is one-fourth of the length of wire from YA l YA l
(a) (b)
its lower end? l l
w YA l
2
YA l
2
w1 w1 + (c) ' (d)
(a) (b) 4 l 2l
'
s
s
3w Q6. According to Hooke's law of elasticity, if stress is
w+ w +w
(c) 1 4 (d) 1 increased, the ratio of stress to strain is:
s
s (a) decreased (b) remains the same
Q2. A rigid bar of Mass M is supported symmetrically (c) increased (d) none of these
by three wires each of length L. Those at each end are
one of copper and the middle one is of iron. The ratio Q7. Before breaking, a wire can undergo a maximum
of their diameters, if each is to have the same tension, weight of 20 kg. Now, if the wire is cut into four equal
is equal to: parts. How much maximum weight can each wire

√
Y copper Y iron undergo?
(a) (b)
Y iron Y copper (a) 20 kg (b) 5 kg
2
Y iron Y iron (c) 4 kg (d) None of these
(c) 2 (d)
Y copper Y copper
Q8. Two wires, A and B, have the same dimensions.
Their materials, however, differ. The graphs of their
Q3. When load W is hung from a wire connected to a load extension are shown. If YA and YB are the values
roof, it elongates by l mm. If the wire is passed of A's and B's Young's modulus of elasticity,
through a pulley and two weights W, each is hung at respectively, then:
both ends, the wire's elongation will be (in mm):
(a) zero (b) l
(c) 4 (d) 2

Q4. An average value of Poisson's ratio for steels is

0.28, and for aluminium alloys, 0.33 and the volume of
materials that have Poisson's ratios less than 0.50
(a) YA > YB (b) YA < YB
increases under longitudinal tension and decreases
(c) YA = YB (d) YB = 2YA
under longitudinal compression. What happens to its
Poisson's ratio if for any material its Young's modulus
Q9. A spring is stretched by applying a load to its free
increased to 3 times that of its rigidity modulus?
end. The strain produced in the spring is:
(a) 1 (b) 0.5
(a) volumetric (b) shear
(c) 0.2 (d) 0.8
(c) longitudinal and shear (d) longitudinal
 Q15.Assertion (A): Identical springs of steel and
Q10. Consider a rubber ball and if it is dipped in the copper are equally stretched. More work will be done
pond. Due to the pressure of water from all directions on the steel spring.
force acts on the ball as a result, the ball seems to be Reason (R): Steel is more elastic than copper.
slightly contracted and the fractional change in the
object's volume is ( )
ΔV
V
and its bulk modulus (B) is
Q16.Assertion (A): The bridges were declared unsafe
after long use.
related as: Reason (R): Elastic strength of bridges losses with
ΔV ΔV 1 time.
(a) ∝ B(b) ∝
V V B Q17.Assertion (A): Transverse sound waves do not
ΔV 2 ΔV −2 occur in gases.
(c) ∝B (d) ∝B
V V Reason (R): Gases cannot shearing strain.

Q11. If the wire strain is less than 1/100 and Y=6.2×
1011 N/m2.The wire has a diameter of 1 mm. The
maximum weight that can be hung from the wire is:
(a) 1106 N (b) 1254 N
(c) 4867 N (d) 1687 N
Q12.The highest stress for which Hooke's law is valid
for a given material.
(a) Ultimate stress (b) Yield point
(c) Breaking stress (d) Proportional limit
Assertion Reason Questions:-
Two statements are given one labelled Assertion (A)
and the other labelled Reason (R). Select the correct
answer to these questions from the codes (a), (b), (c)
and (d) as given below:
(a) Both A and R are true and R is the correct
explanation of A.
(b) Both A and R are true and R is not the correctall
explanation of A.
(c) A is true but R is false.
(d) A is false and R is also false.
Q13. Assertion (A): Elastic restoring forces may be
conservative.
Reason (R): The value of strain for the same stress is
different while increasing the load and while
decreasing the load.
Q14.Assertion (A): A lead is more elastic than rubber. ratio of extension produced in the wires by applying the
Reason (R): If the same load is applied on the lead and same load.
rubber wire of the same cross-sectional area, the
strain of lead is very much less than that of rubber.
Q18.Assertion (A): Two identical solid balls, one of
ivory and the other of wetclay, are dropped from the
same height on the floor. Both balls will rise to the
same height after bouncing.
Reason (R): Ivory and wetclay have the same
elasticity.
Q19.Assertion (A): Work is required to be done to
stretch a wire. This work is
Reason (R): of elastic potential energy Work is
required to be done against the intermolecular forces
of attraction
Cased-Based Questions:-
Read the following passages and answer the questions
that follow:
Q20. Young's modulus is a measure of a solid's stiffness or
resistance to elastic deformation under load. It relates
stress to strain along an axis or line. The basic principle is
that a material undergoes elastic deformation when it is
compressed or extended, returning to its original shape
when the load is removed. More deformation occurs in a
flexible material compared to that of a stiff material. The
Young's modulus of a wire is a measure of its stiffness and
is defined as the ratio of stress to strain.
(A) If there are two wires of the same material and the
same length while the diameter of the second wire is two
times the diameter of the first wire, then what will be the
(B) The Young’s Modulus of a wireof length L and radius r is
Y. If the length is reduced to half,what will be its young’s
modulus?
(C) If we can easily stretch rubber and most elastic bands diameter is double that of the second wire. If equal loads
are made of the rubber then why can’t we use rubber for are applied on both wires, the ratio of increase in their
the manufacturing of springs lengths is:
Q21. Most of us would have seen a crane used for lifting
and moving heavy loads. The crane has a thick metallic 1 1 1 1
(a) (b) (c) (d)
rope. The maximum load that can be lifted by the rope 2 4 10 8
must be specified. This maximum load under any
circumstances should not exceed the elastic limit of the VSA Type Questions:-
material of the rope. By knowing this elastic limit and the
Q22. As temperature increases, the strain of the body
extension per unit length of the material, the area of cross-
increases, as a result, the stiffness of the material is
section of the wire can be evaluated. From this, the radius
reduced, which causes a decrease in the magnitude of the
of the wire can be calculated.
modulus of elasticity, why does this happen?
(A) The work done when a wire of length I and area of
Q23. Young's modulus for steel is much more than that for
cross-section A is made of material of young's modulus Y is
rubber. For the same longitudinal strain, which one will
stretched by an amount x is:
have greater tensile stress?
2 2
YA x YA x Q24. After doing heavy exercises and weight Lifting. Rahul
(a) (b)
L 2L started experiencing elastic fatigue. What is elastic fatigue?
YAx YA Q25. Consider two wires A and B of the same material. We
(c) (d)
2L 2L will subject wire A to repetitive deforming force for several
(B) The Young's modulus of steel is 2.0 × 1011 w/m². If the days and leave wire B untouched. Now, after several days if
interatomic spacing for the metal is 2.8 × 10-10 m, find the we give similar vibrations to both the wires, it is observed
increase in the interatomic spacing for a force of 109 N/m². that the vibrations in wire A would die sooner and wire B
(a) 0.014 Å would vibrate for a longer time. Wire B is observed to have
(b)0.020 Å more elasticity and wire A has undergone elastic fatigue.
(c) 0.025 Å Why does this situation take place?
(d) 0.030 Å
Q26. A metal rod of length L and cross-sectional area A, is
(C) Assertion (A): The shape and sizem of rigid body remain rigidly fixed between two walls. The Young's modulus of its
unaffected under the effect of external forces material is Y and the coefficient of linear expansion is a.
Reason (R): The distance between two particles remains The rod is heated so that its temperature is increased from
constant in rigid body. 0°C to 60°C. Find the force exerted at the ends of the rod
(a) Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of
A. Q27. Why do spring balances show wrong readings after
(b) Both A and R are true and R is not correct explanation they have been used for a long time?
of A.
Q28. Unlike automotive tires, large aircraft tires are
(c) A is true but R is false.
typically filled with nitrogen. Natural rubber is a better
(d) A is false and R is also false.
material for maintaining pressure for nitrogen-filled tires
(D) A wire can support a load Mg without breaking. If it is and it's used to avoid jerks as well. What makes this
cut into two equal parts then each wire can support the possible?
load of:
Mg Mg SA Type Questions(I):-
(a) (b)
4 2 Q29. Draw stress-strain curve for elastomers (elastic tissue
(c) Mg (d) 2Mg of the Aorta).

(E) Two wires are made of the same metal. The length of
the first wire is half that of the second wire and its
Q30. In the diagram, a graph between the intermolecular
force F acting between the molecules of a solid and the
distance r between them is shown. Explain the graph.
at the trench's bottom is approximately 2.3 × 106 Pa. A
steel ball with an initial volume of 0.69m3 is dropped
into the ocean and falls to the trench's bottom. What
is the volume change of the ball when it reaches the
bottom? Steel has a bulk modulus of 1.6 × 1011 N/m2
Q38. Stress-strain curve for two wires of material A
and B are shown in fig.

Q31. A wire of length I area of cross-section A and Young's

modulus Y is stretched by an amount x. What is the work
done?
(A) Which material in more ductile?
Q32.Two wires of different materials are suspended from a
(B) Which material has a greater value of Young's
rigid support. They have the same length and diameter and
carry the same load at their free end.
modulus?

(A) Will the stress and strain be the same in each wire? (C) Which of the two is stronger material?

(B) Will the extension in both wires be the same? (D) Which material is more brittle?

Q33.Suppose two steel and copper springs are stretched in Q39. When we increase the temperature of a
the same way and a person tries to stretch the string but material, up to the temperature of 400 K, Young's
feels that in stretching both springs different amounts of modulus decreases appreciably. When the
work is done. Which tasks will necessitate additional temperature rises above 400 K, it decreases at a lower
effort? rate and at a very High temperature it is almost
Q34.A steel rod (Y = 2 ×1011 N.m-2; and α = 10-5C-1) of constant.
length 1 m and area of cross- section 1cm2 is heated from
0oC to 200oC without being allowed to extend or bend. LA Type Questions:-
What is the tension produced in the rod?
Q40. (A) The bulk modulus of rubber is 9 × 108 N/m2
SA Type Questions(II):- To what depth below the surface of the sea should
the rubber ball be taken, as to decrease its volume by
Q35. Two identical solid balls, one of ivory and the 0.1%.
other of wet clay, are dropped from the same height
(B) A steel rail is 20 m long and has an area of cross-
on the floor. Which one will rise to a greater height
section 40 sq. cm. Between summer and winter, its
after striking the floor, and why?
length changes by 1 cm. If it is laid in winter, what
Q36. A truck is pulling a car out of a ditch using a steel force parallel to its length is necessary to keep it from
cable that is 9.1 m long and has a radius of 5 mm. increasing the length in the summer? (Y = 19 × 1010
When the car just begins to move, the tension in the N /m2).
cable is 800 N. How much has the cable stretched?
Q41.A steel rod of length 2l, cross-sectional area A
(Young's modulus for steel is 2 × 1011 Nm-2)
and mass M is set rotating in a horizontal Sup plane
Q37. The Waterside Trench is located on the West about an axis passing through the center. If Y is
Coast and is nearly eleven kilometers beneath the Young's modulus for steel, find the extension in the
surface of the water at one point. The water pressure length of the rod. (Assume the rod is uniform).
Q42. In nature, the failure of structural members Q46. An aluminium wire 1 m in length and radius 1
usually results from large torque because of twisting mm is loaded with a mass of 40 kg hanging vertically.
or bending rather than due to tensile or compressive Young's modulus of Al is 7.0 × 1010 N/m2 Calculate
strains. This process of structural breakdown is called
(A) tensile stress
buckling and in cases of tall cylindrical structures like
trees, the torque is caused by its weight bending the (B) change in length
structure. Thus, the vertical through the center of (C) tensile strain and
gravity does not fall within the base. The elastic (D) the force constant of such a wire.
torque caused because of this bending about the
Ypr 4 Q47. A 20 kg load is suspended by a metal wire 3 m
central axis of the tree is given by is Young's long with a cross-sectional area of 7 mm². Determine
4R
modulus, r is the radius of the trunk and R is the the (A) stress, (B) strain, and (C) elongation. The metal
radius of curvature of the bent surface along the has a Young modulus of 3.6 ×1011 Nm2 .
height of the tree containing the center of gravity (the Q48. Compute the bulk modulus of water from the
neutral surface).Estimate the critical height of a tree following data: Initial volume = 100.0 liter, Pressure
for a given radius of the trunk. increase =100.0atm (1atm=1.013 × 105 Pa) , Final
volume = 100.5 liter. Compare the bulk modulus me of
water with that of air (at constant temperature).
Explain in simple terms why the ratio is so large.
Q49. A force of 5 × 103 N is applied tangentially to the
upper face of a cubical block of steel of side 30 cm.
Find the displacement of the upper face relative to the
lower one, and the angle of shear. The shear modulus
of steel is 8.3 × 1010 Pa.
Numerical Type Questions:-
Q43. A 4 m long copper wire with a diameter 0.5 mm
is used to support a 5 kg weight. Determine the
elongation in the wire. Young's modulus for copper is
1 × 1011 N/m2 and g= 9.8m/s2
Q44. When a 5 kg weight is hung, the length of a wire
increases by 8 mm. What is the increase in length if
the conditions remain the same but the radius of the
wire is doubled?
Q45. Two wires P and Q of the same diameter are
loaded as shown in the figure. The length of wire P is L
meter and its Young's modulus is Y N/m2 while the
length of wire Q is twice that of P and its material has
Young's modulus half that of P. Compute the ratio of
their elongation.