Republic of the Philippines

Department of Education
Region X
Division of Bukidnon
3rd Quarter Test
Grade 8

Name:____________________ Section:______________ Date:________ Score:______

Directions: Read and analyze each item carefully and blacken the letter that corresponds to your
answer on the separate answer sheet.

For questions 1-7, Refer to the content below on the three states of matter.

All matter be in it solid, liquid, gas state are made up of tiny particles called atoms. These particle
are in constant, random motion. have spaces between them and attract each other. Figure 1, 2 and
3 shows the particles of the three states of matter.

1. Which of the figure shows the particles of liquid?

A. 1
B. 2
C. 3
D. 2 and 3

2. Identify the spacing property of a solid matter.

A. organized
B. disorganized
C. extremely organized
D. extremely disorganized

3. Based on the figure, which of the following phases of matter has a compact arrangement of
particles?
A. Gas
B. liquid
C. Plasma
D. Solid

4. Which among the phases of matter is dependent on container in order to acquire its shape?
A. Liquid only
B. Solid only
C. liquid & gas
D. liquid & solid

5. Based on the diagram how do you describe the particles of solid?

A. The particles of solid are packed tightly together, often in an orderly arrangement and held by
a strong molecular force.
B. The particles of solid are in close contact with one another and are loosely arranged and held
by a very weak molecular attraction.
 C. The particles of solid are usually much farther apart and are loosely arranged with negligible
attraction between each particles.
D. The particles of solid are in close contact with one another, but the arrangement is not rigid
and held by a weak molecular force.

6. When you bring two drops of water near each other and allow them to touch, they combine
immediately and becomes one drop. What particle nature of matter best explain the
observation?
A. Water is a liquid.
B. Water molecules are magnetic.
C. Water molecules are made of atoms.
D. Water molecules are attracted to each other.

7. Which of the following statement best explain why solids have definite shape and volume while
gases doesn’t have this property?
A. Because the particles of solid are in close contact with one another and are loosely arranged,
held by a very weak molecular attraction while gas particles are in close contact with one
another and held by a weak molecular force
B. Because the particles of solid are packed tightly together, often in an orderly arrangement and
held by a strong molecular force while gas particles are much farther apart and are loosely
arranged with negligible attraction between each particles
C. Because the particles of solid are in close contact with one another, the arrangement is not
rigid and held by a weak molecular force while the particles of gas are much farther apart and
are loosely arranged with negligible attraction between each particles
D. Because the particles of solids are packed tightly together, often in an orderly arrangement
and held by a strong molecular force while particles of gases are in close contact with one
another and the arrangement is not rigid and it is held by a weak molecular force.

For questions 8-14, Refer to the content below on phase changes of matter, arrangement and motion
of atoms and molecules

Matter is everything that comprises the world where we live in. They are distinct from
one another in terms of phase. They can be solid, liquid or gas. However, when
matter changes from one phase to another, its physical appearance changes without
changing its composition. One of the conditions that make the substances transform
from one phase to another is the change in its temperature. Increasing the
temperature will result in the increase of kinetic energy (motion) of particles and this
will affect the current arrangement of the particles in solid, liquid and gas. Decreasing
the temperature will result in the decrease of kinetic energy (motion) of particles,
leading to a closer distance between the particles.

+
8. What are the three primary phases of matter?
A) Solid, liquid, and gas
B) Solid, liquid, and vapor
C) Solid, liquid, and plasma
D) Solid, liquid, and solution
9. On the figure, which of the following BEST describes solid according to its arrangement and
movement of particles?
A. There is no specific arrangement, and it is free flowing.
B. There is no specific arrangement, and it vibrates.
C. It is tightly packed and vibrates.
D. It is compact but free flowing.

10. When you heat a sample of a solid, the sample gets a little bigger. This is mainly because:
A. Heat helps the particles grow .
B. Heating the sample makes it lighter .
C. Heating helps the particles slide past each other.
D. The particles move faster and get a little further apart .

11. The spacing structure affects the movement of molecules of matter and when there is heat
transfer, molecules will move and vibrate. What is your prediction on the movement of gas
molecules?
A. Gas molecules will be stationary.
B. Gas molecules will move but almost negligible.
C. Gas molecules will move but at very limited distance.
D. Gas molecules will move freely in space with high speed.

12. Which of the following factors can cause matter to change from one phase to another?
A. Change in pressure only
B. Change in composition only
C. Change in temperature only
D. Change in temperature and pressure

13. Food coloring spreads out faster in hot water than in cold water. Which of the following
statement explains the observation
A. Hot water is less dense.
B. The molecules in hot water are larger .
C. The food coloring molecules are small .
D. The water molecules in hot water move more quickly.

14. Based on the figure, what relationship does the arrangement of atoms have to do with the
motion of the molecules in the melting process?
A. The arrangement of atoms determines the temperature at which melting occurs.
B. The arrangement of atoms affects the speed of molecular motion during melting.
C. The arrangement of atoms influences the phase transition from solid to liquid.
D. The arrangement of atoms is unrelated to the motion of molecules in the melting process.

15. How does increasing the temperature affect the arrangement of particles in different phases of
matter?
A. Increasing the temperature causes particles to transition from solid to liquid to gas phases.
B. Increasing the temperature causes particles to become more spread out in solids, liquids, and
gases.
C. Increasing the temperature has no effect on the arrangement of particles in solids, liquids, and
gases.
D. Increasing the temperature leads to particles becoming more tightly packed in solids, liquids,
and gases.
For questions 16-23, Refer to the Information below
The number of protons, neutrons, and electrons in an atom can be determined from a set of
simple rules. First, the number of protons in the nucleus of the atom is equal to the atomic
number (Z). Second, the number of electrons in a neutral atom is equal to the number of
protons. Third, the mass number of the atom (M) is equal to the sum of the number of
protons and neutrons in the nucleus. Lastly, the number of neutrons is equal to the
difference between the mass number of the atom (M) and the atomic number (Z)
Isotope Element Name Atomic Mass # of # of e # of n o charge
No. No. p+
B-11 Boron 5 11 5 5 6 0
N-14 Nitrogen 7 14 7 7 7 0
Ne-20 Neon 10 20 10 10 10 0

16. What does the atomic number of an atom represent?

A. Electrons only
B. Neutrons
C. Protons
D. No. Of protons and or electrons

17. How many neutrons are there in the element Boron?

A. 0 B. 5 C. 6 D. 7

18. How do you calculate the number of electrons in a neutral atom?

I. The number of electrons is equal to the number of protons.
II. Subtract the number of protons from the number of neutrons.
III. Subtract the number of protons from the atomic mass number.
IV. Subtract the number of neutrons from the atomic mass number.

A. I only
B. I and III
C. I and II
D. II and IV

19. Based on the table presented, which of the following describes the mass number of an atom?
I. It is equal to the number of protons in the nucleus.
II. Has the same number as of electrons.
III. It is equal to the sum of the number of protons and neutrons in the nucleus.
IV. It is equal to the atomic number of the atom.
A. I only B. III only C. I and III D. II and IV

20. How do the number of protons and electrons in an atom relate to each other?
A. The number of protons is always greater than the number of electrons.
B. The number of protons is always equal to the number of electrons.
C. The number of protons is always less than the number of electrons.
D. The number of protons and electrons can vary independently.

21. The atomic number of an atom is 8, and its atomic mass number is 16. How many protons,
neutrons, and electrons are present in this atom?
A. Protons: 8, Neutrons: 8, Electrons: 8
B. Protons: 8, Neutrons: 8, Electrons: 16
C. Protons: 16, Neutrons: 8, Electrons: 8
D Protons: 8, Neutrons: 16, Electrons: 8
22. Which statement compares the masses of two subatomic particles?
A. The mass of a proton is greater than the mass of a neutron.
B. The mass of a proton is greater than the mass of an electron.
C. The mass of an electron is greater than the mass of a proton.
D. The mass of an electron is greater than the mass of a neutron.

23. Which of the following BEST explains the correlation between the number of electrons in a neutral
atom and the number of protons?
A. They are inversely proportional which means the greater the number of electrons the lesser the
number of protons.
B. They are directly proportional meaning if the number of electrons increases the number of protons
will also increase.
C. There is no correlation, they have no relationship at all meaning they are independent with each
other.
D. The number of electrons is always double the number of protons, meaning the number of
electrons is two times higher than the number of protons.

For questions 24-28, Refer to the Information below

The development of the periodic table could be traced back in 1817 to the work of Johann
Dobereiner, a German scientist who formed triads of elements with similar properties like
triad of calcium, barium and strontium. In 1863, John Newlands, an English chemist
proposed the Law of Octaves. He based his classification of elements on the fact of similar
properties could be noted for every eight element when they are arranged in order of
increasing atomic masses. Around 1869 two scientists determined away to put the
elements in order. Lothar Meyer and Dmitri Mendeleev both came up with the periodic table
that showed how elements should be grouped according to increasing atomic mass. In
1914 Mosely, an English physicist arranged the element according to increasing atomic
number.
As more information was gathered about existing and newly discovered elements,
irregularities were discovered. Some newly identified elements had properties that did not
match those of the groups already included in the periodic table. To fit into the right groups,
the positions of a few elements had to be rearranged. There were even elements that had
to be placed in the table as a new group. The table was thus revised. J.J. Thomson's
discovery of electrons and the shift to arranging elements by atomic number refined the
table. Today, the periodic table is organized by the periodic law, emphasizing similarities in
outer electron configurations within columns, grouping elements with similar traits.

24. Who formed the triads of elements?

A. Dmitri Mendeleev
B. Johann Dobereiner
C. John Newlands
D. Lothar Meyer

25. What is the current basis for organizing the periodic table?
A. Periodic law
B. Atomic mass
C. Atomic number
D. Electron configuration

26. Sequence the development of modern periodic table of elements.

I. elements are arranged according to increasing atomic number by Mosely
II. elements are arranged with similar properties based on triads by Johann Dobereiner
III. elements are arranged with similar properties based on octaves according to John Newlands
IV. elements are arranged according to increasing atomic number according to Lothar Meyer and
Dmitri Mendeleev
A. I, III, II, and IV
B. II, I, III, and IV
C. II, III, IV, and I
D. I, II, III, and IV

27. How did Mendeleev's prediction of undiscovered elements connect with J.J. Thomson's
discoveries?
A. Both were focused on electron configurations.
B. Predicted elements were based on atomic number.
C. Undiscovered elements were organized by atomic mass.
D. Thomson's discoveries confirmed Mendeleev's predictions.

28. Compare the arrangement of elements of Henry Mosely with Lothar Meyer and Dmitri Mendeleev .
Which of the statement is correct?
A. Mosely arranged the elements according to increasing atomic mass whereas Lothar Meyer and
Demetri Mendeleev arranged according to increasing atomic number.
B. Mosely arranged the elements according to increasing mass whereas Lothar Meyer and Demetri
Mendeleev arranged according to increasing properties.
C. Mosely arranged the elements according to increasing atomic number whereas Lothar Meyer and
Demetri Mendeleev arranged according to increasing properties.
D. Mosely arranged the elements according to the same properties and increasing atomic number
whereas Lothar Meyer and Dmitri Mendeleev arranged according to increasing atomic masses.

For questions 29-34, please refer to the periodic table below

The periodic table's periodicity concept reveals patterns in elements' chemical
behavior. Group number determines valence electrons, influencing chemical
properties. Atomic radius trends affect ionization energy and electronegativity,
varying across periods and groups. Metals (left) lose electrons, non-metals (right)
gain, impacting reactivity. Similar group behavior aids predictions in chemical
reactions. These trends guide applications in materials, medicine, and
environmental science.

29. Which of the following is a non- metal?

A. Ba B. Pb C. Fe D. Te

30. Which group contains the most element?

A. metal
B. non metal
C. metalloid
D, semi metal
31. What does the periodicity concept of the periodic table reveal?
A. Atomic mass of elements
B. Physical states of elements
C. Valence electrons of elements
D. Chemical properties of elements

32. As the elements of Group 16 are considered in order from top to bottom, the atomic radius of each
successive element increases. This increase is primarily due to an increase in
A. atomic number.
B. mass number.
C. the number of protons occupying the nucleus.
D. the number of occupied electron energy levels.

33. Which two factors are influenced by the group number of an element?
A. Reactivity and atomic mass
B. Periodicity and chemical properties
C. Atomic radius and valence electrons
D. Ionization energy and electronegativity

34. Which of the following sets is a set of all metals?

A. S, Li, C
B. He, Be, Ne
C. K, Li, Na
D Ca, Cr, C

For questions 35-41, Refer to the Information below

Periodic trends are observable patterns in the properties of an element that are dependent on its
position in the Periodic Table. These trends have allowed scientists in the past to predict certain
characteristics of unknown elements Major periodic trends include: electronegativity, ionization
energy, electron affinity, atomic radius , metallic and nonmetallic character. Electronegativity is the
tendency of an atom to attract electron. Ionization energy is an energy required when an atom
removes electron from an isolated atom. Electron Affinity is the tendency of an atom to gain an
electron and act as an oxidizing agent (electron acceptor).Atomic radius is the total distance from an
atom's nucleus to the outermost orbital of electron. Metallic character is the tendency of an element
to lose electrons and form positive ions or cations while non-metallic character is the tendency of an
element to accept electrons and form negative ions or anions. The diagram below shows the trends
in the periodic table .Periodic trends is shown in figure 5 below

35. What happen to the ionization energy of the element as it moves across the period?
A. decreases
B. increases
C. increases then decreases
D. nothing happened
36. Which periodic trends are directly related?
A. Ionization energy, electron affinity and atomic radius
B. Ionization energy, metallic property and atomic radius
C. Ionization energy, electron affinity and metallic property
D. Ionization energy, electron affinity and nonmetallic property

37. Which of the following statements is NOT correct?

A. Atoms become smaller as one moves down a group.
B. Atoms become smaller as one moves to the right across a period.
C. Atoms become larger when electrons are removed.
D. The size of an atom is not a factor in arranging the elements in the periodic table.

38. Which statement best describes Group 2 elements as they are considered in order from top to
bottom of the Periodic Table?
A. The number of energy levels increases, and the number of valence electrons increases.
B. The number of energy levels increases, and the number of valence electrons remains the same.
C. The number of energy levels remains the same, and the number of valence electrons increases.
D. The number of energy levels remains the same, and the number of valence electrons decreases

39. How do atomic radius trends impact ionization energy and electronegativity?
A. Higher atomic radius leads to lower ionization energy and higher electronegativity.
B. Smaller atomic radius leads to higher ionization energy and lower electronegativity.
C. Atomic radius has no impact on ionization energy or electronegativity.
D. Atomic radius affects ionization energy but not electronegativity.

40. What is the relationship of the atomic radius to the electronegativity or electron attracting power of
the atom?
A. When an atom has greater radius it has a stronger electron attracting power since the outermost
electrons are closer to the nucleus.
B. When the radius of the atom is smaller, it has weaker electron attracting power since the
outermost electrons are farther from the nucleus.
C. When the radius of the atom is smaller it has stronger electron attracting power since the
outermost electrons are located closer to the nucleus.
D. The atomic radius of the atom has no significant relationship with the ability of the atom to attract
electrons from the other atoms since electron attracting power of the atom does not depend on the
distance of the outermost electrons to its nucleus.

41. Based on the observable trends in the Periodic Table what generalization you can make with
respect to the properties of elements in the periodic table in relation to the number of its valence
electrons?
A. Atoms with smaller radius has less valence electrons and tend to attract more thus, it require
higher ionization energy and lower electronegativity.
B. Atoms with smaller atomic radius have more valence electron tends to remove its electron thus
require lower ionization energy and higher electronegativity.
C. Atoms with bigger radius have more valence electrons and preferred to accept more thus require
lower ionization energy in removing its electron and higher electronegativity.
D. Atoms with bigger radius have less valence electron and preferred to give than attract more thus,
require higher ionization energy needed in removing its electron and lower electronegativity.

42. Which pair must represent atoms of the same element?

14 14
A. X 6and X7
12 13
B. X 6and X 6

C. X 21 and X 42
13 14
D. X 6 and X7
43. What information is necessary to determine the atomic mass of the element chlorine?
A. the atomic mass of each artificially produced isotope of chlorine, only
B. the relative abundance of each naturally occurring isotope of chlorine, only
C. the atomic mass and the relative abundance of each naturally occurring isotope of chlorine
D. the atomic mass and the relative abundance of each naturally occurring and artificially produced
isotope of chlorine

44. Each diagram below represents the nucleus of a different atom. Which diagrams represent nuclei
of the same element?

A. D and E, only
B. D, E, and Q
C. Q and R, only
D. Q, R, and E

45. Which diagram represents the nucleus of an atom of ?

A 14n B. 14n
27p 13p

.
C. 27n D. 40n
13p 13p

46. How come noble gases do not form compounds readily?

A `They have no electrons.
B. They have empty outer energy levels.
C. Their outer energy levels are completely filled.
D. They have 7 electrons in their outer energy levels

47. Which of the group 1 elements listed below requires the greatest amount of energy to remove the
most loosely held electron from an atom?
A. Lithium
B. Sodium
C. Rubidium
D. Potassium

48. During a flame test, ions of a specific metal are heated in the flame of a gas burner. A
characteristic color of light is emitted by these ions in the flame when the electrons
A. gain energy as they return to lower energy levels
B. gain energy as they move to higher energy levels
C. emit energy as they return to lower energy levels
D. emit energy as they move to higher energy levels

49. Which best describes isotopes?

A. Same number of neutrons, different number of electrons
B. Same number of neutrons, different number of protons
C. Same number of protons, different number of electrons
D. Same number of protons, different number of neutrons
50. If there were five positive charges (+5) and three negative charges (–3) in a body, what would
be the overall charge of the body?
A. +3 B. –2 C. +2 D. –3

ANSWER KEY

1. C 11.D 21. A 31. D 41. D

2. A 12.D 22. B 32. D 42. B
3. D 13.D 23. B 33. D 43. C
4. C 14.C 24. B 34. C 44. B
5. A 15.B 25. A 35. B 45. B
6. D 16.D 26. C 36. D 46. C
7. B 17.C 27. C 37. A 47. A
8. A 18.A 28. C 38. B 48. C
9. C 19.B 29. D 39. B 49. D
10.D 20.B 30. A 40. C 50. C