Humanities Research About

Earth
Audrey 9M
 Table of contents

01 Earth’s Structure
Interior with arrangement of
layers, excluding
02 Earth’s Orbit
Characteristics and Motions

atmosphere and
hydrosphere

03 Seasons
Why seasons occur
04 Surface Changes
Earthʼs Surface Changes
Introduction
Our planet, Earth, has long captivated scientists,
poets, and dreamers with its mystery. Every layer
of the planet, from its molten core to its
ever-changing surface, recounts a narrative of
cosmic forces, geological upheavals, and the
delicate dance of the seasons.
 01
Earth
Structure of the Earthʼs Interior
 Layers of the earth
Crust Mantle Outer Core
Outermost layer Beneat the crust is the solid Liquid layer of molten iron
composed of solid mantle, which extends to abou and nickel approximately
silicate rocks. It varies in t2,900 kilometers. THhe upper 2,300 kilometers thick. The
thickness (5-70 mantle is viscous while the lower is
flow in the outer core
kilometers) and forms solid. generates the Earthʼs
the continents and Magnetic field.
ocean floors.
Inner Core
A solid sphere of iron and
nickel at the center, about
1,200 kilometers in radius.
The heat is extreme but the
pressure keeps it solid.
The Eerth’s Orbital Characteristics and
Motion
Orbit Revolution
01 Earth follows an
03 Earth takes about
elliptical orbit 365.25 days to
around the Sun. Its complete one orbit
average distance around the Sun,
from the Sun is
about 93 million
resulting in a year.
Axial
Rotation Tilt
miles (149.6 million
kilometers).

02 Earth rotates counterclockwise

04 Earthʼs axis is about 23.5
on its axis, completing one degrees relative to its
rotation approximately every 24 orbital plane. This tilt
hours. This rotation causes day leads to the changing
and night. seasons.
 Seasons on Earth
50
Titled Axis
Earthʼs axial tilt causes varying
sunlight exposure during
different times of the year. A
hemisphere tilts toward the Sun
and experiences summer; when
away, itʼs winter.
25 25
Equinoxes Solstices
During spring and fall The summer solstice (June
equinoxes, both 21) is the longest day in the
hemispheres receive Northern Hemisphere, while
equal sunlight, resulting winter solstice (December
in mild temperatures. 21) is the shortest day
 Earth’s Surface Changes

Volcanic Activity Seismic Activity

Volcanoes erupt due to molten rock Earthquakes occur due to tectonic plate
(magma) rising from the mantle. They movements. Stress builds up along faults
release gases, ash, and lava, shaping the until itʼs released suddenly, causing
landscape. seismic waves.
 Sources
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Internal_structure_of_Earth
https://geologyscience.com/geology/structure-of-earth/
https://www.nationalgeographic.com/science/article/earths-interior
https://www.nationalgeographic.org/topics/resource-library-earth-structure/
https://media.gettyimages.com/photos/structure-core-earth-structure
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https://media.gettyimages.com/illustrations/illustration-depicting-how-the-axial-tilt-of-the-earth-determines-the
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https://media.gettyimages.com/vectors/vector-diagram-illustrating-earth-seasons-equinoxes-and-solstices-ve
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https://media.gettyimages.com/photos/seismograph-and-earthquake-picture-id527890380?b=1&k=6&m=527
890380&s=612x612&w=0&h=BO6Wdj-3S1YXWNS5vgIkD5UdUMsiATCMuGTT2Q3pPiE=