Translated from Indonesian to English - www.onlinedoctranslator.

com

PRELIMINARY REPORT
PNEUMONIA IN CHILDREN

Pneumonia is an inflammation of the

lung parenchyma that occurs in
childhood and often occurs in
infancy. (Hidayat, 2006).

Etiology: Bacteria (Streptococcus

pneumonia, S. pyogenes,
Staphylococcus aureus, and
Haemophilus influenza), mold,
foreign bodies,

Clinical manifestations: Fever,

sweating and chills, Cough with
thick and viscous (sticky) phlegm,
Chest pain when breathing deeply
when coughing, Shortness of breath,
Nausea, vomiting or diarrhea.

Complications: Blood infection,

lung abscess or purulent holes and
pleural effusion.

1. Gg. Gas exchange

NOC: Mechanical Ventilatory Response: Adult, Respiratory Status: Gas Exchange.
NIC: Airway management, mechanical ventilation, oxygen therapy, monitoring of vital signs.

2. Perfusion ineffectiveness
peripheral network
NOC: Maintains tissue perfusion and cell oxygenation.
NIC: Monitor vital signs and elevate head 30o.
3. Ineffective airway clearance
NOC: Removing sputum, the airway remains patent.
NIC: Effective coughing, semi-Fowler's position, mobilization to facilitate chest expansion and
ventilation.
4. Activity intolerance
NOCs:Activity tolerance, Fatigue level.
NICs: Physical exercise therapy, energy management, environmental management, activity therapy
5. Hyperthermia
NOC: Thermoregulation within normal limits (36.5-37o C)
NIC: Warm compresses, body temperature regulation,
and examine TTV.
6. Painful
NOC: Pain reduced/resolved.
NIC: Massage, positioning, and relaxation techniques.

Supporting examinations: Lab References :

Examination, Bronchoscopy, ABG, Astuti, W, H & Angga, S, R. (2010). Nursing Care of
Radiological Examination Children with Respiratory System Disorders.
Jakarta: Trans Info Media.
Herdman, TH (Ed). (2015). Nanda International Inc.
Management Nursing Diagnosis: Definition &
 Position the client at 45° Fowler's Classification 2015-2017. Issue 10. Jakarta:
 Providing adequate oxygen EGC.
 Bronchodilators such as Hidayat, AA (2006). Introduction to Basic Human
Aminophylline Needs: Application of Nursing Concepts and
Administration of selected
Processes. Jakarta: Salemba Medika.
antibiotics such as penicillin given
Taylor, C, M & Sheila, S, P. (2012). NURSING
IM 2x 600,000 units a day. If allergic
DIAGNOSIS with the EDITION of Care Plan
to penicillin can be given
erythromycin.