Advanced RCS 4 Training 2011

Abbreviations-Definitions

• Atlas Copco Drilling Solutions, LLC

• Technical Service Department
• Blasthole Training-RCS 4, PV-230, PV-270, PV-351
 Abbreviations/Definitions
AP Access Point
Coverage point or area of a signal. A common way to prevent partial cancelation and dead spots is to use antenna diversity. Most AP, if
equipped with two antennas, can be configured to both receive and transmit with diversity. The vehicle is equipped with two antennas and
utilizes antenna diversity. Even though we support AP that utilizes antenna diversity it can confuse the vehicle’s roaming capabilities in
extreme room and pillar layouts.
BPS Bits transmitted Per Second
``baud'' and ``bps'' are perhaps one of the most misused terms in the computing and telecommunications field. Many people use these terms
interchangeably, when in fact they are not! bps is simply the number of bits transmitted per second. The baud rate is a measure of how many
times per second a signal changes (or could change).
CAN Control Area Network
Everything from the physical bus cable to the software protocol, electrical inteterface and integrated circuits.
CCI Common Communication Interface
The CCI is a module located in the drill rig connected to other modules in use and the RCS system. Through the use of the CCI this is how
files are sent following a standard load procedure. Drill plans are loaded onto the RCS navigation system by use of a wireless interface file
transfer protocol (FTP) or remote rig access (RRA) server.
DCU Distributive Control Unit
The DCU is an intelligent input and output box, there are six remote DCU’s in strategic locations throughout the drill, receives input signals
from all of the digital and analog devices, such as proximity switches for position indication and pressure sensors for monitoring drill
parameters. The DCU will control digital and analog devices, such as turning lights on or off and controlling the flow of a main pump.
DHCP Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol
Server based tool, willful release of IP’s. Different IPs are distributed at different times and are not always the same. DHCP is an automatic
configuration protocol used on IP Networks. Computers that are connected to IP networks must be configured before they can communicate
with other computers on the network. DHCP allows a computer to be configured automatically, eliminating the need for intervention by a
network administrator.
DSL Digital Subscriber Line
Digital subscriber line technology transmits data over phone lines without interfering with voice service.
DISP Display
Loading a drill plan (xml format) from a FAT format via a universal serial bus (USB) stick (Atlas Copco recommended P/N 2658327993).
 Abbreviations/Definitions continued
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FTP File Transfer Protocol
Is a standard network protocol used to copy a file from one host to another over a TCP-based network, such as the Internet. A FTP program is
a PC program that supports the FTP protocol and can transfer files over the Internet
GPS Global Positioning System
Trilateration (the measurement of distance and location) is used to pinpoint our location of the drillbit through satellite technology. Trimble,
Leica, and Topcon are examples of GPS brands that are currently used as a receiver for navigation allowing for Pattern view, Hole view, Angle
view, and Hole information. Drillplans are established to be accurate through GPS satellite coverage. GPS is the process where highly
accurate, three dimensional point positions are determined from signals received via satellites.
GUI Graphic User Interface
A type of user interface that allows the user to interact with electronic devices with images rather than text commands. It is often pronounced
“gooey”. Our central computer screen on the RCS system is our gooey.
HTTP Hypertext Transfer Protocol
High level protocols. A networking protocol for distributed, collaborative, hypermedia information systems. HTTP is the foundation of data
communication for the WWW (world wide web).
IEEE Institute of Electrical and Electronic Engineers
IEEE's Constitution defines the purposes of the organization as scientific and educational, directed toward the advancement of the theory and
practice of electrical, communications, computer engineering, electronics and computer science. IEEE is dedicated to advancing technological
innovation related to electricity.
IP Internet Protocol
Is the major communication protocol used for relaying datagrams or packets across an Internet work using the Internet Protocol Suite.
Responsible for routing packets across network boundaries, it is the primary protocol that establishes the Internet
IPv4Internet Protocol version 4 (4 bytes 32 bits)
The designers of the Internet Protocol defined an IP address as a 32 bit number This system (IPv4) is known as Internet Protocol Version 4 and
is in use today but has its limits in capacity..
IPv6 Internet Protocol version 6 (16 bytes 128 bits)
A new addressing system called IPv6 using 128 bits for the address, was developed in 1995. It is standardized as RFC in 1998, and is being
deployed world wide.
IREDES International Rock Excavation Data Exchange System
An industry standard to unify routines for the data exchange between mining equipment and office computers. Drill plans follow IREDES XML
formats. The IREDES standard contains # of holes, ID, name, start point, endpoint, and status of hole (http://www.iredes.org).
 Abbreviations/Definitions continued
ISN Initial Sequence Number
Traditionally, each device chose the ISN by making use of a timed counter, like a clock of sorts, that was incremented every 4 microseconds.
This counter was initialized when TCP started up and then its value increased by 1 every 4 microseconds until it reached the largest 32-bit value
possible (4,294,967,295) at which point it “wrapped around” to 0 and resumed incrementing. Any time a new connection is set up, the ISN was
taken from the current value of this timer. Since it takes over 4 hours to count from 0 to 4,294,967,295 at 4 microseconds per increment, this
virtually assured that each connection will not conflict with any previous ones. One issue with this method is that it makes ISN’s predictable. A
crooked person could write code to analyze ISN’s and then predict the ISN of a subsequent TCP connection based on the ISN’s used in earlier
ones. This represents a security risk, which has been exploited in the past. To defeat this, implementations now use a random number in their
ISN selection process.
ISP Internet Service Provider
Is a company that provides access to the Internet. Access ISPs connect customers to the Internet using copper, fiber or wireless cable
connectors.
LAN Local Area Network
Is a computer network that connects computers and devices in a limited geographical area such as a home or business.
MWD Measure While Drilling
Is a method for collecting appropriate drilling data and presenting it systematically on the office computer for evaluation and prediction.
The MWD method has been developed to be an integral part of the normal drill and blast activities. A with Rig Control System (RCS) can be
upgraded for MWD application. The procedure of collecting MWD data can be combined with other normal drilling activities. Atlas Copcos
required format for data interaction is IREDES format.
MWD data can be used for immediate evaluation. As soon as the recorded data is available, the results of the recorded data can be plotted and
evaluated.
NAT Network Address Translation
NMEA National Marine Electronics Association
A protocol that defines communication with global positioning systems (GPS) receivers.
PLC Programmable Logic Controller
Is a computer (digital) used for automation of electrical mechanical processes It is a hard real time system for use with machinery.
PPP Point to Point Protocol
PPPoE stands for Point-to-Point Protocol over Ethernet. It is a network protocol sometimes used by modems (broadband) for digital subscriber
lines (DSL) over the Internet service. PPPoE allows Internet Service Providers to manage access to accounts via user names and passwords.
Standard system Rig Remote Access (RRA) utilizes standard communication through protocols such as the PPP or TCP/IP internet protocols.
PSS Personal (PLC) Safety Systems
OP Operator
RCS Rig Control System
A modular concept consisting of intelligent in out (I/O), computational display units. All units of modules are interconnected via the controller
area network (CAN) cable.
 Abbreviations/Definitions continued
RJ45 Registered Jack 4 and 5
Ethernet connections between the RCS CCI unit and the 3rd party system.
RRC Rig Remote Control
Remote operation of the drill rig.
RRA Rig Remote Access
Optional function to remotely supervise drill rigs and for transfer of drill plan and log files to and from the drill rig. Remote access to the menus
on the drill rig display. Transfer of data from and to the drill rig. Integration of drill rig data into the administrative system on the work site. Rig
Remote Access, an option for communication with the drill rigs. RRA consists of a communication server onboard the rig and a network
adapter. RRA provides viewing and troubleshooting of the drill rig.
RFC Request For Comment
A Request for Comments (computer networking) is a memorandum published by the IETF. It describes methods, behaviors, research, or
innovations applicable to the working of the internet and connected systems with no operation features such as RRC.
RS232 Network Protocol
SDE Surface Drilling Equipment
Development, manufacture and market worldwide rock drilling equipment for various applications in civil engineering, quarries and open pit
mines.
SSID Service Set Identifier
A SSID is a name that identifies a particular 802.11 wireless local area network (LAN). A client device receives broadcast messages from all
access points (AP) within range advertising their SSID’s. The client device can then either manually or automatically (based on configuration)
select the network with which to associate. The SSID can be up to 32 characters long. As the SSID displays to users, it normally consists of
human readable characters. The standard does not require this. The SSID is defined as a sequence of 2 to 32 Octets each of which may take
any value.
SYN Synchronize
For a connection to be established or initialized, the two TCP’s must synchronize on each other's initial sequence numbers. This is done in an
exchange of connection establishing segments carrying a control bit called "SYN" (for synchronize) and the initial sequence numbers. As a
shorthand, segments carrying the SYN bit are also called "SYN’s". Hence, the solution requires a suitable mechanism for picking an initial
sequence number and a slightly involved handshake to exchange the ISN's.
TCP Transmission Control Process
Transfer of information intact and in order. A connection protocol that is ordered or sequenced when sent. It is slower than UDP but more
reliable. How messages are sent without using delimiters and timeout for communication between ACDS RCS and 3rd party systems (used for
fleet management or drill performance monitoring). The IMA and Jigsaw are two examples of TCP being used as a ACDS RCS production
reporting to 3rd party. The default setting is Socket port 3737.
 Abbreviations/Definitions continued
TCP/IP Transmission Control Process/Internet Protocol
IP (Internet Protocol) is the primary network protocol used on the Internet. On the Internet and many other networks, it is often used together
with the TCP and referred to interchangeably as TCP/IP. IP supports unique addressing for computers on a network. Most networks use the
Internet Protocol version 4 (IPv4) standard that features IP addresses four bytes (32 bits) in length. The newer Internet Protocol version 6 or
IPv6, standard features addresses 16 bytes (128 bits) in length.
TCP Flags Transmission Control Process Flags
These are control bits that indicate different connection states or information about how a packet should be handled. They may be abbreviated
even more to the first letter of the flag (CEUAPRSF).
CWR – Congestion Window Reduced (CWR) flag is set by the sending host to indicate that it received a TCP segment with the ECE flag.
ECE (ECN-Echo) – indicate that the TCP peer is ECN capable during 3-way handshake.
URG – indicates that the URGent pointer field is significant or valid
ACK – indicates that the ACKnowledgment field is significant (Sometimes abbreviated by tcpdump as ".")
PSH – Push function
RST – Reset the connection (Seen on rejected connections)
SYN – Synchronize sequence numbers (Seen on new connections). Marks the beginning of the data stream connection in the transmission
control process sequence occupying 1 byte.
FIN – No more data from sender (Seen after a connection is closed). Marks the end or termination of the data stream connection in the
transmission control process sequence occupying 1 byte
USB Universal Serial Bus
This is a technology for high-speed data transfer over a cable.
UDP User Datagram Protocol
A simpler message-based connectionless protocol. With UDP you send messages (packets) across the network in chunks. Fire and forget are
how these messages are sent out to the receiver, there is no specific order of how they are received. You can send out messages to other host
internet protocol (IP) network without requiring prior communications to be established. The Modular and Minstar are examples of UDP is used
as a ACDS RCS production reporting to 3rd party.
VCG Video and Communication Gateway
Transmits data and video between vehicle and operator’s station. Allows roaming between access points.
VLAN Virtual Local Area Network
A VLAN, is a group of hosts with a common set of requirements that communicate as if they were attached to the same broadcast domain
regardless of their location. A VLAN has the same attributes as a physical LAN, but it allows for end stations to be grouped together even if they
are not located on the same network switch.
 Abbreviations/Definitions continued
Web browser Internet Explorer/Firefox/Mozilla etc.
Wi-Fi Wireless Fidelity
Wi-Fi works with no physical wired connection between sender and receiver by using radio frequency (RF) technology, a frequency within the
electromagnetic spectrum associated with radio wave propagation. When an RF current is supplied to an antenna, an electromagnetic field is
created that then is able to propagate through space. The cornerstone of any wireless network is an access point (AP). The primary job of an
access point is to broadcast a wireless signal that computers can detect and "tune" into. In order to connect to an access point and join a
wireless network, computers and devices must be equipped with wireless network adapters
WLAN Wireless Local Area Network
Data is sent between vehicle, control station and other systems over a wireless local area network. Intelligent interruption-free computer
communication between vehicle and operator’s station. IEEE 802.11™ Wireless Local Area Network.
WMN Wireless Mess Network
A communication network made up of radio nodes organized in a mess topology.