PERSONAL PRONOUNS DEMONSTRATIVE PRONOUNS 5

SUBJECTS OBJECTS POSSESSIVE5,6 M.9 N.9 F.

Nominative Accusative, Locative, Instrumental

this ovaj ovo ova
that

singular
Genitive Dative taj to ta
self 1 sebe, se sebi, si sobom own1 svoj7 that onaj ono ona
over there
I ja me mene, me meni, mi mnom my moj7
M. N. F.
you ti you tebe, te tebi, ti tobom your tvoj7
these ovi ova ove
singular

he on him his njegov

it ono it njega, ga njemu, mu njim its those ti ta te

plural
A nju, je, ju2 those oni ona one
she ona her njoj, joj njom her njen over there
G nje, je
Use neuter singular form for “<this, those, etc.> <is, are, was, will be, etc.> …”.
we mi us nas nama, nam our naš Ex: Ovo su moji roditelji.
Ex: To nisu moje sestre.
plural

you vi you vas vama, vam your vaš But change the gender and plurality to match the noun when using
“<this, those, etc.> <noun, one(s)> …”.
they oni M
M. them njih, ih njima, im their njihov Ex: Taj pas nije moj.
ona N
N.
See footnote 3 for when to use long vs short4 forms.
Ex: Da li su ovi psi tvoji?
one FF. Ex: Ovaj je najbolji. (This one is the best.) “One” is implied by the declension.

1. Reflexively refers back to the subject. Ex: myself, itself, themselves; my own,
• Though not shown above, ti and vi (only) have vocative
WHOSE, WHO, WHAT?
its own, their own.
2. Use ju with third person singular past tense (ju je <verb>, not je je <verb>). forms, which are the same as nominative (ti and vi).
• Vi forms are used for both plural you and formal-singular Whose5
3. Use long form: ① at the beginning of a sentence ② for emphasis or contrast
③ after prepositions ④ after i, a, or comma. Otherwise, use short form. you. Capitalize Vi, etc. for formal-singular. M. N. F.
4. Short forms of personal pronouns are “second position” words that must • Instrumental singular pronouns mnom, njim, and njom
appear together in a specific order: li ➜ short verb ➜ short pronoun (dative can be used as mnome, njime, and njome when there is singular čije čija
➜ accusative/genitive) ➜ se/je. Ex: Dao si mi ga. (You gave me it.) Here, the no preceding preposition. čiji
second position cluster si mi ga is: verb ➜ dative pronoun ➜ accus. pronoun. • Most adjectives can be used as pronouns in Serbian. plural čija čije
5. Shown in nominative form (for possessive: nominative, masculine, singular). Ex: Žuti odlazi. (The yellow one is leaving.)
Change using adjective declension rules for case, gender, and plurality. Who What
6. Serbian uses the same words for the possessive adjectives my, your, his, etc. 9. This/that in masculine and neuter singular forms have
and the possessive pronouns mine, yours, his, etc. alternative, optional case declensions. nominative ko šta
7. When using svoj, moj, or tvoj to describe masculine or neuter singular nouns,
Accusative8, Locative, Instrumental
special, short declensions are more Genitive Dative
accusative (za) koga (za) šta
commonly used for several cases. Accusative 8
, Locative,
8. For accusative case, this declension Genitive Dative ova j ovog(a ) ovom(e) ovi m(e) genitive od koga od čega
is used with living, masculine s voj s vog s vom ta j tog(a ) tom(e) ti m(e)
nouns only. locative, dative o* kome o* čemu
moj mog mom ona j onog(a) onom(e) oni m(e)
tvoj tvog tvom instrumental s(a) kim čim(e)
Change with case (as shown), but not gender or plurality.
© 2023 Steven Levithan * The o preposition is only/always used with locative.
SERBIAN PRONOUNS CHART v2.3 More charts: slev.life/serbian-charts CC BY 4.0 License