Senior High School

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Media and
Information
Literacy
Quarter 2 – Module 4:
Dimensions of Media and
Information – Text
 Second Quarter
Module 4 - Week 4
DIMENSIONS MEDIA AND INFORMATION - TEXT

Content Standard : The learner demonstrates understanding of different

resources of media and information, their design
principle and elements, and selection criteria.
Performance Standard : The learner produces a living museum or electronic
portfolio or any other creative forms of multimedia
showcasing their/his/her understanding, insights,
and perceptions of the different resources of media
and
information.
Learning Outcomes : Describes the different dimensions of text media and
information; analyze how the different dimensions are
formally and informally produced, organized, and
disseminated; produce a creative text-based
presentation using design principles and elements.
Competency Code : Comprehend how text information and media is/are
formally and informally produced, organized, and
disseminated.
Evaluate the reliability and validity of text information
and media and its/their sources using selection
criteria.
Produce and evaluate a creative text-based
presentation using design principles and elements.
Topic : Typography

What I Know

Multiple Choice. Read the questions carefully. On a separate sheet of paper, write
the letter of the best answer.

1. Which is an example of informally produced text-based presentation?

A. news articles C. magazines
B. published books D. blogs

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2. Which is NOT a characteristic of text-based presentation?
A. short C. carefully worded
B. lengthy D. carefully written

3. What is the other term for typeface?

A. font type C. letter font
B. font size D. letter name

4. What is the easiest way to communicate when image or drawing is absent?

A. visual-based presentation C. audio-based presentation
B. text-based presentation D. motion-based presentation

5. What does the use of serif typeface indicate?

A. formality and readability C. solid and heavy look
B. clean and minimalist D. draws attention to itself

6. What does the use of sans serif convey?

A. formality and readability C. solid and heavy look
B. clean and minimalist D. draws attention to itself

7. Which is an example of text-based presentation?

A. infographics C. audio podcasts
B. typography D. infomercials

8. What does typography mean?

A. Typography is the art or process of setting the colors of any typefaces.
B. Typography is the art or process of setting and arranging typefaces to stylize
the appearance.
C. Typography is the art or process of setting and arranging font according to
sizes.
D. Typography is the art or process of setting and arranging typefaces to stylize
the meaning.

9. Which text design element principles suggest readability?

A. contrast C. similarity
B. legibility D. uniformity

10. What type of text-based media presentation is hand-made invitation card?

A. formal C. on screen
B. informal D. printed

11. Which type of font indicate “independent”?

A. decorative C. serif
B. script D. slab

12. What term below is the opposite of “uniformity” in text design principles?
A. contrast C. similarity
B. legibility D. uniformity
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13. Which statement defines text?
A. visual format or conveying ideas
B. any simple and flexible format of presenting information
C. hand-written, printed or displayed on screen format of information
D. Both A and C

14. Which of the following text design principles is used for consistency?
A. contrast C. similarity
B. legibility D. uniformity

15. Which typeface is usually used for headlines?

A. decorative C. serif
B. script D. slab

How was your score? Don’t worry. Read this module to learn more about
dimensions of media and information—text.

What I Need to Know

Living in the 21st century means living in a world of powerful 24/7 media. As
you have been discovering in this course, a large amount of your waking hours was
spent with media. In other words, you are surrounded by media products, such as
television programs, films, CDs, books, newspapers and website pages. Hence, it is
important in your day to day lives to be able to process the information presented
in these various types of media.

In this module, you will learn the dimension of text media and information.
Particularly, you are expected to:
1. identify the basic elements in creating a text-based presentation;
2. evaluate the text-based presentation through the design principles and
elements; and
3. create a text-based presentation (campaign poster) by using design
principles and elements.

What’s In

Recall that every media product conveys messages both implicitly and
explicitly. Let’s find out how much you can communicate with these media products.

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Magazine Talk

Study these magazine covers. Below are questions that will help you
understand how magazine covers convey messages.

https://tinyurl.com/w42yrdvv https://tinyurl.com/zv77s2wk

Guide Questions:
1. Who do you think is the target audience?
2. What do the publishers want their audience to think about their magazines?
3. How do you know what’s being promoted?
4. Which words and pictures tell you that?

Very Good! You were able to draw out the messages. Truly, you are now
becoming a media literate individual.

In studying the dimensions of media and information, you need to remember

the following:

◼ All media messages are

‘constructed.’
◼ Media messages are
constructed using a creative
language called codes and
conventions with its own
rules.
◼ Different people experience
the same media message
differently.
◼ Media have embedded values
and points of view.
https://www.jetspeedmedia.com/bisaya?path=126

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 What’s New

Pass the COVID-19 Message

Walking around in the streets of Cebu City, you can see and read many
posters about COVID-19. Study one of the posters below and find out how the
message is conveyed.

Guide Questions:

1. What have you noticed on

this poster? How is it
done?
2. Was it easy to know the
message/s of this poster?
Why? Why not?
3. Was it effective? Give your
argument.

Source: https://preview.tinyurl.com/y6td8r2j

Certainly! Having this kind of poster immediately gives the audience its
desired messages. This is called TEXT – based media presentation. So, what does it
mean?

Generally, a text is defined as

a unit of meaning for interpretation
and understanding. Yet, in the
context of media and information, it
is any simple and flexible format of
presenting information or conveying
ideas whether hand-written, printed
or displayed on screen.

In the absence of images or

drawings, text is the easiest way of
communicating to your audience.
Take note, text-based media
https://tinyurl.com/2eh7k3js
presentation is a very powerful tool

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in disseminating information, providing direction and giving suggestions. It can be
done formally or informally.
Personal Photo

Formal text-based media

like news articles, published
books, newspapers, magazines,
advertisements, research works
are created and distributed by
established institutions such
as publishing companies or
news agencies and go through
a rigorous process of editing or
evaluation and are usually
governed by censorship of the
Personal Photo
government.

On the other hand, your SMS or text messages, online messages on social
media platforms are examples of informal text-based materials. They come from
personal opinions or views on different issues, processes and distributions.

No matter how brief or lengthy a text-based media is, it is always carefully

written with the intent of sending a very specific message to a target audience.

What Is It

Studying how to make a text-based media presentation lead one to study

typography.

Typography is a major function to design. Typography is the art or process of

setting and arranging typefaces to stylize the appearance. A font or font type is
another word for typeface. The use of various font types can express different
emotions or meaning. Study them below.

Serif

Serif typefaces are very legible. It can

be used for any purpose. It instantly evokes
a sense of establishment and tradition, an
association that is carried through into the
branding of many banks, law firms and
newspapers. It's a favorite font style
in publishing, with most books still set in serif type, helping to communicate a mood

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of intellect and authority to readers. Serif fonts are perceived
as trustworthy and dependable.

Slab Serif

Slab serif fonts are chunkier,

bolder interpretations of the serif type
style. Usually thicker along both the
stem and serifs of letterforms, they
inherit some of the traits of serif fonts,
such as stability and tradition, but
are also bolder and more distinctive.

Slab serif has strong, capable and enduring perception. It gives the
impression of assertiveness and power.

Sans Serif

Referring to a wide group of fonts

which lack serifs (the small strokes
attached to the ends of letterforms on
serif fonts), sans serif typefaces were
formally invented in the early 19th
century but only became popular much
later, during the 20th century, when the
modernist
movement championed a break away from traditional design forms, including serif
type styles.

Sans serif fonts are progressive and emotional fonts, historically popular as
advertising fonts and cool fonts for posters. Sans serifs culturally represent a break
with tradition, giving these emotional fonts a progressive personality.

Scripts

Script and handwritten fonts

can lean towards formality or naivety,
depending on the style and context.
Many contemporary script fonts are
more informal and eclectic,
mimicking the diversity of modern
handwriting styles.

These eclectic and different fonts are evocative of handwriting and doodling,
connecting them with creativity and eccentricity. Given their unique and quirky
form, these emotional fonts are rarely somber. Script fonts also remind the viewer

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of youth

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and first romances, making them a popular choice for Valentine’s cards and wedding
invitations.

Decorative and Display

Sometimes referred to as Novelty or

Occasional, includes typefaces of unusual
and unique design that do not fit into the
other classification. Some of these types of
powerful fonts create a sort of pictographic
representation, blending a graphic image,
while others are simply heavily stylized.

Display fonts are largely meant for that purpose alone, meaning they can
work wonderfully as part of headlines or logo designs. In the psychology of font,
they are often called the independent fonts. Designers and brands usually opt for a
display font to give an impression of individuality and difference, which help foster
a sense of uniqueness and inspire fierce loyalty.

Typography can do everything from adding meaning to drawing attention to

readers. Functional properties of type require that the reader identifies words and
knows their meaning. The specific shape of a typeface may elicit an emotional or
cognitive reaction in the reader; a sense of mood, personality or beauty. In this way,
type can provide more meaning than that which the designer has control over in
his choice of words.

Design Principles

◼ Legibility: Making sure the audience can read and understand your text.
o Legibility is a combination of factors: font family, font size and letter,
word, and line spacing and alignment
o Legibility of body text varies for different audiences:
 Younger audiences may be able to read fonts sized at 8 or 9
points.
 Older audiences may be able to read font sizes around 10
points or above.
 Font sizes above 14 points break down the continuity of the
text, making text appear too gray.
o If letters, words, or lines are too close together, readers have a hard
time because text blocks tend to look too dark.
o If letters, words, or lines are too far apart, readers have a hard time
because blocks of text tend to look too light, causing readers to lose a
sense of continuity.
o Spacing between words needs to be consistent to promote legibility;
too much variation leads to eyestrain.

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 ◼ Similarity, alignment: Using typography to create relationships between
similar kinds of information.

◼ Uniformity or consistency: Repeating familiar elements to focus your

audience’s attention.
o To maintain overall uniformity, limit the number of different font
families per page to one or two.
o Use the same font for headings and body text to produce a uniform
look; this is known as concordance.

◼ Contrast: Creating interest and distinguishing different types of information

with different typefaces. One element of contrast is hierarchy—making sure
the audience understands that information has different levels of
importance.
o To create contrast, you could use two font families, one serif and one
sans serif
o To avoid conflict, avoid using two font families of the same variety,
such as two serif fonts.
o Tracking refers to the space between all of the letters in a line
 Font families have built-in tracking that works well for body text.
 For headings, you can change tracking to create contrast.
o Hierarchy helps your audience distinguish between levels of
information, such as headings versus body text.
o Many documents are divided into hierarchical section

What’s More

Activity 1. Know Your Typeface!

Planning a text-based media product demands knowledge of different

typeface. Below are examples of font. Classify them according to their category.

1. Garamond
2. Baskerville Old Face
3. Bodoni MT
4. Rockwell
5. Gill Sans MT
6. Helvetica
7. Edwardian Shape
8. Lucida Handwriting
9. Playbill
10. Broadway

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 Very good. Remember that knowing the characteristics of typeface or font
style is the first step in making a good typography.

Activity 2. Rule to Design

Recall the elements and principles in designing typography. Identify the

design principle behind each example below.

1.

2.

3.

Source: https://cgfrog.com/5-elements-bad-typography-designer-avoid/

Wow! You surely remember the principles of designing typography.

Activity 3. My Best Element

Text-based presentation like typography is made with the intent to send a

very specific message to the target audience. Based on the design principles of
typography, study the sample below. Use the Text-based Media Design Element
Framework below.

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 Source: https://www.thebookdesigner.com/2017/05/bad-typography/

Text-based Media Design Element Framework

Your Answers
Elements Guide Questions with Explanation
Are the combination of factors like font family,
Legibility font size and letter, word, and line spacing and
alignment able to read and understand the text?
Does the text create a line in design that helps
Similarity readers draw connections between different parts
of a presentation?
Are the number of different font families per page
Uniformity
limited to one or two?
Can the audience understand that information
Contrast
has different levels of importance?

Very well done! You have now the touch of an artist.

What I Have Learned

Do not forget that…

◼ Typography can play a key role in design.

◼ Good typography starts with font family; choose these to meet your design
goals, but keep them limited.
◼ Use text alignment to create relationships between different kinds of
information.
◼ Create contrast by using a serif font for headings and a sans serif font for
body text (or vice versa). You can also use italics, bold, tracking, or color to
create contrast.
◼ Use contrast to indicate hierarchy.

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 What I Can Do

Make a Typography Poster

Situation: The Pandemic has caused unimaginable changes in our lives

especially the way classes are held. In this “new normal” system of
education, many students find it difficult to adjust. Some have gone to social
media to complain about their situation.

Task: Design a typography poster that promotes positive behavior in this

new normal system of education. Use the Text-based Media Design Element
Framework and rubrics below as your guide.

Text-based Media Design Element Framework

Your Answers
Elements Guide Questions
with Explanation
Are the combination of factors like font family,
Legibility font size and letter, word, and line spacing and
alignment able to read and understand the text?
Does the text create a line in design that helps
Similarity readers draw connections between different
parts of a presentation?
Are the number of different font families per page
Uniformity
limited to one or two?
Can the audience understand that information
Contrast
has different levels of importance?

Rubrics:

Criteria 10 8 6 4
Appropriateness The use of The use of The use of The use of
typeface to typeface to typeface to typeface to
present the present the present the present the
message is message is message is message is
suitable and satisfactorily acceptable poorly
on purpose. suitable. suitable. executed.
Originality The use of The use of The use of There is no
graphic arts graphic arts is graphic arts is hint of
is new and new but with not very new. originality in
novel. little the submitted
creativity.

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 sketch/
drawing.
Meaningfulness The student The student The student The student
was able to was able to was able to was not able to
create a create a create a create a
cohesive and cohesive but cohesive cohesive or
comprehensi not sketch, with meaningful
ve sketch, comprehensiv not so much sketch.
with e sketch, with supporting
supporting supporting details to its
details to its details to its meaning.
meaning. meaning.
Completeness The project The project as The project The project
was submitted but was submitted was submitted
submitted had a few but seems to largely
with all the lacking be slightly unfinished.
requirements components. uncompleted.
satisfied.

Assessment

Multiple Choice. Read the questions carefully. On a separate piece of paper, write
the letter of your choice.

1. Which font indicates uniqueness?

A. decorative C. serif
B. script D. slab

2. Which type of font implies trustworthiness?

A. decorative C. serif
B. script D. slab

3. What type of text-based media is a “personal letter” from your teacher?

A. formal C. on screen
B. informal D. printed

4. What is the purpose of text-based media?

A. providing direction C. giving suggestions
B. disseminating information D. all of the above

5. Which typeface is an example of slab serif?

A. Garamond C. Baskerville Old Face
B. Bodoni MT D. Lucida Handwriting

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6. Which statement describes scripts?
A. It is novelty or occasional fonts.
B. It is similar with handwritten fonts.
C. It is progressive and emotional fonts.
D. It is chunkier, bolder interpretation font.

7. Which statement is correct about typeface?

A. It is a set of characters of the same design.
B. It include letters, numbers, punctuation marks, and symbols.
C. A only.
D. Both A and B.

8. How is contrast in design principles achieved?

A. use consistency C. use two design principles
B. use two font families D. use two different font families

9. How is hierarchy in design principles achieved?

A. arrange typeface according to categories
B. select fonts into different levels of importance
C. arrange fonts into different levels of importance
D. select typeface into similar levels of importance

10. In text design, how can conflict be avoided?

A. use two font families C. use consistency
B. use one font families D. use two different font

11. In text design, what does tracking imply?

A. space between lines C. space between paragraphs
B. space between words D. space between all the letters in a line

12. Which is an example of serif typeface?

A. Rockwell C. Bodoni MT
B. Gill Sans MT D. Baskerville Old Face

13. What typeface is a breakaway of serif?

A. serif C. script
B. slab D. sans serif

14. Which statement below implies similarity in text design?

A. alignment C. legibility
B. contrast D. repetition

15. Which of the following is the objective of typography?

A. typically address the message
B. highlight meaning of the message
C. indicate the message to the audience
D. add meaning by drawing attention to reader

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 Additional Activities

Essay: Write a 150-word essay about the “Appropriateness of Typography

Posters to promote awareness about “new normal” system of education.” Use the
rubrics below to guide you. Write your outputs in a short bond paper.

Writing Rubrics

Criteria 20 18 16 14
Most words Some words Words are chosen Words are
are carefully are carefully with less care; chosen with
chosen; chosen; writing is less care;
writing is writing is sometimes writing is
clear and clear and unclear; most sometimes
legible. Most legible. Most words are spelled unclear; some
Mechanics
words are words are correctly and is words are
spelled spelled grammatically spelled
correctly and correctly and correct. incorrectly and
proper proper proper
punctuation punctuation punctuation is
is employed. is employed. not employed.
Major points Major points Major points are Topic is
are presented are presented. oversimplified
and presented. However, most of or fails to
fully However, them are not present major
supported some of them supported with points.
with are not convincing
Content
convincing supported arguments, ideas
arguments, with and data.
ideas and convincing
data. arguments,
ideas and
data.

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Wilson, Carolyn et al. (2011). Media and Information Literacy: Curriculum for
Teachers. UNESCO Press ISBN 978-92-3-104198-3 (EN); 978-959-18-07; 978-959-
18-0787-8 (ES).

(n.d.). Multimedia Elements - Web Design Calgary - WordPress......Retrieved on

October 20, 2020, from https://www.simplyeffectivewebdesign.com/five-elements-
of-multimedia/.

(n.d.). Media Text - MedienABC. Retrieved on October 20, 2020, from

http://www.medienabc.org/page5/page40/page40.html.

(2019, July 4). Font vs typeface: the ultimate guide | Creative Bloq. Retrieved on
October 23, 2020, from https://www.creativebloq.com/features/font-vs-typeface.

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