TECHNOLOGY AND LIVELIHOOD EDUCATION-ICT 10 MODULE (SECOND QUARTER)

Learning Objectives:

At the end of the lesson, the student will be able to:

a. identify the Steps on how to manage health and safety at work,

b. differentiate the common hazards encountered by computer technicians and users, and
c. apply the 5S concepts.

LESSON 2 - PRACTICE OF OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH AND SAFETY

OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH AND SAFETY (OHS) – is a planned system of working to avoid injury and illness
in a working environment by recognizing and identifying hazards and risks. It is the responsibility of
every person who works in the different computer and technology industries to follow the prescribed
health and safety procedures. It is necessary to identify the different hazards present in the work place
and the danger they pose to workers.

STEPS IN MANAGING HEALTH AND SAFETY AT WORK

1. Hazard Identification (Spot the Hazard) - part of the process used to evaluate if any particular situation, item,
thing, etc. may have the potential to cause harm. The term often used to describe the full process is risk
assessment: Identify hazards and risk factors that have the potential to cause harm.

Example:

2. Risk Assessment - a process used to identify potential hazards and analyze what could happen if a disaster or
hazard occurs.
Example:

3. Risk Control - is a plan-based business strategy that aims to identify, assess, and prepare for any dangers,
hazards, and other potentials for disaster—both physical and figurative—that may interfere with an organization's
operations and objectives.
COMMON HAZARDS ENCOUNTERED BY COMPUTER TECHNICIANS AND USERS
A Hazard is a condition in any working environment that can possibly harm or hurt the health and safety of people or
cause damage to an area and equipment.

 Physical hazards
is an agent, factor or circumstance that can cause harm with contact. They can be classified as type of
occupational hazard or environmental hazard. Physical hazards include ergonomic hazards, radiation, heat and
cold stress, vibration hazards, and noise hazards.

 Mechanical hazards
factors include just about anything inorganic that moves or can injure you. These include many tools,
machines and (moving) vehicles, but also, for example, black ice and even high steps or stairs, if they are not
secured against falling.

 Chemical hazards
It refers to any forms of chemicals including medications, solutions, gases, vapors, aerosols, and
particulate matter that are potentially toxic or irritating to the body system.

 Electrical Shock Hazard

It can cause direct injuries such as electrical burns, arc burns, and thermal contact burns. It can also cause
injuries of an indirect or secondary nature in which involuntary muscle reaction from the electric shock can
cause bruises, bone fractures, and even death resulting from collisions or falls.

 CRT Monitor High – Voltage Hazard (Risk of Electrocution)

CRT monitors include a high voltage capacitor that can hold a charge long after being unplugged. The
average color TV has 27,000 volts when fully charged, well over lethal level. Risk of Explosion: As implied in the
name, the “tube” of the CTR is under vacuum.
APPLYING 5S

5S is a five-step methodology that, when followed, creates a more organized and productive workspace. In
English, the 5S's are: Sort, Set in order, Shine, Standardize, and Sustain. 5S serves as a foundation for deploying more
advanced lean production tools and processes. It was developed in japan.

5S Methodology

 Sort (Seiri)

The first step in the 5S methodology is to sort. This step involves identifying the necessary items in your workspace and
eliminating any excess or unnecessary items. This helps to reduce clutter, minimize distractions, and streamline the
workspace.

 Set in Order (Seiton)

The second step is to set it in order. This step involves organizing the necessary items logically and systematically. This
includes assigning a specific location for each item and labeling them for easy identification. This helps to reduce search
time and eliminate the need for excess inventory.

 Shine (Seiso)

The third step in the 5S methodology is to shine. This step involves cleaning and maintaining the workspace. This includes
regular cleaning, inspection, and maintenance to ensure everything is in working order and defects-free.

 Standardize (Seikutsu)

The fourth step in the 5S methodology is to standardize. This step involves creating a set of guidelines and procedures for
maintaining the workspace. This includes documenting the previous three steps and establishing a regular schedule for
their implementation.

 Sustain (Shitsuke)

The final step in the 5S methodology is to sustain. This step involves creating a culture of continuous improvement, where
the previous four steps are consistently followed, and the workspace is continually optimized.

Benefits of 5S Methodology

The 5S methodology provides numerous benefits to organizations that adopt it. Some of the benefits include:

1. Improved productivity
2. Reduced waste
3. Enhanced safety
4. Increased employee satisfaction
5. Improved customer satisfaction
6. Improved quality
7. Reduced costs
 WRITTEN EXERCISES

General Instructions: Read and understand the activity comprehensively and write your answers on the separate sheet of
paper.

Activity 1

1. How can 5S apply to a student’s daily schedule? Explain by giving examples.

2. Give an example of a picture that shows the “before and after 5S implementation”.

Activity 2

1. Give an example for each of the following hazards that may be found in a school’s work area.

a. Physical Hazard

b. Mechanical Hazard

c. Electrical Shock Hazard

d. Chemical Hazard

Activity 3

1. Explain the steps in managing health and safety at work.

Man is still the most extraordinary computer of all.

- JFK