PATHWAY OF AUTOMATION AND ROBOTICS FOR DIPLOMA IN ELECTRONICS AND

COMMUNICATION ENGINEERING

Automation and robotics are closely related fields that involve the use of technology to perform
tasks without direct human intervention. These technologies have evolved significantly over the
years and play a crucial role in various industries, enhancing efficiency, precision, and safety.
Here are some details about automation and robotics
AUTOMATION:
Definition:
Automation refers to the use of control systems and technology to perform tasks with minimal
human intervention.
KEY COMPONENTS:
Sensors: A sensor is a device that produces an output signal for the purpose of sensing a
physical phenomenon. Gather data from the environment
Controllers: Process data and make decisions.

Actuators: Execute actions based on the decisions made by controllers.

Types of Automation:

Fixed or Hard Automation: Designed for a specific task or product.

Programmable Automation: Allows for reprogramming to handle different tasks.

Flexible or Soft Automation: Adaptable to various tasks without significant reprogramming.
APPLICATIONS:
Manufacturing: Assembly lines, CNC machines, industrial robots.
Process Industries: Chemical, petrochemical, and pharmaceutical processes.
Information Technology: Automated software testing, data processing.
BENEFITS:

Increased efficiency and productivity.

Improved quality and consistency.
Enhanced safety in hazardous environments.
Cost reduction through reduced human labor.

ROBOTICS
Definition:
Robotics involves the design, construction, operation, and use of robots to perform tasks
autonomously or with minimal human intervention.

COMPONENTS OF ROBOTICS:
Mechanical Structure: The physical body of the robot.

Power Source: Typically, batteries or electrical power.

Actuators: Motors and servos for movement.
Sensors: Feedback devices for environmental awareness.

Controller: The brain of the robot, often a microcontroller or computer.

TYPES OF ROBOTS:
Industrial Robots: Used in manufacturing for tasks like welding, painting, and assembly.
Medical Robots: Assist in surgeries, rehabilitation, and diagnostics.
Service Robots: Used for tasks like cleaning, security, and customer service.

Autonomous Vehicles: Self-driving cars, drones.

ROBOT PROGRAMMING:
Robots can be programmed using various methods, including remote control, teach pendant, and
computer programming.
Challenges:
Ensuring safety in human-robot collaboration.
Developing robots with advanced decision-making capabilities.
Addressing ethical concerns related to job displacement and privacy.

Future Trends:
Integration of artificial intelligence for improved decision-making.
Continued development of collaborative robots
Advances in bio-inspired robotics and soft robotics.

In summary, automation and robotics are transformative technologies that continue to shape
various industries, leading to increased efficiency, safety, and innovation. They are integral to the
ongoing evolution of the modern workforce and industrial landscape.