BP-226

COMMONWEALTH SECON DARY SCHOOL

END OF YEAR EXAMINATION 2019

SECONDARY THREE EXPRESS

Name: ( ) Class:

CHEMISTRY 6092/01
Paper 1 Multiple Choice Thur 10 Oct 2019
I hour
Additional Materials: OTAS Sheet 0800 - 0900 h

READ THESE INSTRUCTIONS FIRST

Write in soft pencil.

Do not use staples, paper clips, glue or correction fluid.
Write your name, index number and class on the question paper and the OTAS sheet.

There are forty questions on this paper. Answer all questions. For each question, there
are four possible answers, A, B, C or D.
Choose the one you consider correct and record your choice in soft pencil on the OTAS
sheet.

Read the instructions on the question booklet very carefully.

Each correct answer will score one mark. A mark will not be deducted for a wrong answer'
Any rough working should be done in this booklet.
A copy of the Periodic Table is printed on page 18.
The use of an approved scientific calculator is expected, where appropriate.

This paper consists of <18> printed pages including the cover page.
ffum over

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1 Bromine melts at -7 "C and boils at 59 'C. A tank filled with bromine at 30 'C is cooled
to -7 'C.

Which diagram below represents the anangement of bromine particles at -7 "C and at
30 "c?

(J
o
o
1 2 3 4

I
At -7'C At 30 "c
A 1 4
B 2 3
c 1 2
D 2 4

2 An inflated balloon will shrink if placed in a refrigerator. Which of the following explains
this phenomenon?

A The lower temperature causes the particles to move faster and become closer
together.
B The lower temperature causes the particles to move faster and become
further apart.
c The lower temperature causes the particles to move slower and become
closer together.
D The lower temperature causes the particles to move slower and become
further apart.

3 Which statement about impure hexane, CsHra, is conect?

A It boils over a range of temperatures.

B It bums in excess orygen to form carbon monoxide and water only.
c It mixes with water.
D It boils at a fixed temperature.

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4 The diagram shows an experiment on diffusion

beaker

porous

oxygen

Y
water

Which gas, when present in the beaker over the porous pot, will cause the water level
at Y to fall first before rising?

A carbon dioxide, COz

B hydrogen, Hz
c methane, Cru
D nitrogen, N2

5 Some information on three solids is given below.

solid solubility in water solubility in ethanol action of heat

x soluble insoluble no effect

Y insoluble soluble no effect

z soluble soluble sublimes

Which procedure could be canied out to obtain a pure sample of Z trom a mixture of
the three solids?

A Add ethanol to the mixlure, fllter and collect the residue.

B Add water to the mixture and filter to collect the residue.
c Add ethanol to the milture, filter and evaporate the filtrate
D Heat the mixture and condense the gas.

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6 A student sets up the apparatus as shown to collect a sample of clean and dry gas X.

dry sample of
gas X

drying
agent

mixture of ammonium
chloride and calcium
hydroxide

heat

Which of the following are the identities of gas X and a suitable drying agent?

gas X drying agent

A ammonta calcium oxide

B ammonta concentrated sulfuric acid
c hydrogen chloride calcium oxide
D hydrogen chloride concentrated sutfuric acid

7 Propyl propanoate has the molecular formula, CzHsCOOCsHz.

How many elements and atoms are present in two molecules of this compound?

number of atoms number of elements

A 20 3
B 20 4
c 40 3
D 40 6

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8 The following shows a chromatogram of a pigment used to decorate a plate used for
consuming food, to analyse if it contains any substances unsafe for consumption.

10 solvent front

I a
6 o
a
4

2 a
start line

Common harmful substances used in such pigments have the following Rr values in
the solvent:
substance Rr value
cadmium red 0.15
cadmium yellow o.20
chrome green 0.75
umber 0.80

Which substances do the pigment contain?

A cadmium yellow only

B cadmium yellow and umber
c cadmium red and chrome green
D chrome green and umber

9 An anion X2' has a mass number of m and n electrons.

What does the nucleus of an atom X contain?

number of protons number of neutrons

A n -2 m-n
B n m-n
c n -2 m-(n-2)
D n+2 m-(n+2)

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Use the diagram below to answer question 10 and 11.

The apparatus shown is used to distil a dilute solution of ethanol in water. I

lBoiling point of ethanol = 78 "C, Boiling point of water = 100 'Cl

thermometer

bung water in

condenser
fractionati
column

water out

flask P

mixture of ethanol
and water

il
h6at
'10 What enor is the student making in setting up the apparatus?

A The thermometer is in the wrong position.

B There should not be a bung in the top of the fractionating column
c Water enters and leaves the condenser in the wrong place.
D There should be a bung in the top of the receiver.

11 Which graph shows the change in concentration of ethanol in flask P as the distillation
proceeds?
AB

concentration concentration
of ethanol of ethanol

0
0 time time
c D

concentration conc€ntration
of ethanol of ethanol

0
0 time time

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't2 Strontium is used in fireworks to produce crimson flames. Naturally occuning strontium
has three isotopes, 865r (10%), 87Sr (7%) and sSr (83%).

What is the relative atomic mass of naturally occurring strontium?

A 86.0
B 87.0
c 87.7
D 88.0

13 A beam of all three subatomic particles was passed through a pair of electrically
charged plates at constiant speed. Two students drew their predictions of the efiect of
the charged plates on the particles, as shown below.

positive po sitive

beam of beam of
electrons
particles particles electrons
neutrons
protons
----.-..< neutrons
rotons

negative negative

Student I Student 2

Which statement explains which student is conect?

A Student 1 is correct as protons have lower mass than electrons.

B Student 1 is conect as electrons have lower mass than protons.
c Student 2 is correct as protons have lower mass than electrons.
D Student 2 is conect as electrons have lower mass than protons.

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14 Which diagram conectly shows the anangement of the ions in solid sodium chloride?
AB
Nar-Na' Nai Na+

/: ,/ ,/:
Na'--i-- Na- cl- cr
-
cr----- ---ct- Na Na'

cr-ct-
c D

Na.-Cr Ne.- Cr
/t ,/ ,/t /
c,--#-Na' lla--1-Cl-

cr ---Na' cl- Na*

Na4 Cr cr-Nai

-
't5 Ethene exists as a gas at room temperature.
The structural formula of ethene is given below.

HH
C:C
H H

Which statement describes the ethene?

A It is insoluble in organic solvent.

B It has a high boiling point.
c It has a simple molecular structure.
D It has weak covalent bonds that break easily

16 A student thinks that element R is a metal because it has a high melting point and a
high boiling point. What other properties below could element R have if it is a metal?

1 R is malleable.
2 R forms an acidic oxide ROz.
3 R conducts electricity in solid state.

A '1, 2 and 3
B 1and2
c 1and3
D 2and3

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17 Which correctly describes the structures of the following substances?

Graphite iodine magnesium oxide

A simple molecular simple molecular giant metallic
B giant molecular simple molecular giant ionic
c giant metallic giant molecular giant molecular
D gianl molecular giant metallic simple molecular

t8 Which of the following chemical equations is balanced?

A C2H2+2O2 ) zCOz+ H2O

B 2NH3+ 50, ) 2NO + 3H20
c zn + HzSoc ) ZnSOn+ SO2+ H2O
D Cu + 4HNO .) Cu(No.)r+ 2No2+2H2O

19 Element P reacts with element Q to form a compound. The electronic configurations of

P and Q are 2,2 and 2,7 respectively.

What is the formula of the compound formed?

A PQ
B PzQ
c PQ,
D PzQz

20 Arsenic oxide has the formula AszOs, while sodium phosphate has the formula
Na3P04.

What is the formula of arsenic phosphate?

A AsPOr
B As2P04
c As2(PO1)3
D As3PO4

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21 A molecule consists of three types of atoms, P, X and Y.

Y Y
P

Y
x' x
I il Y
P P

Y/ \x'" \Y
lf P is phosphorus, what could X and Y be?

I
A
x
AJ
Y
H

B N ct
c o H

o Si ct

22 Fructose has the following structural formula.

H
H OH
tQ/ tcurox
I \
OH H
What is the empirical formula of fructose?

A cHo
B cH20
c cuHrrou
D CH
6124O

23 Which substance contains the most number of molecules in 1 g?

A Oz
B CO
c NOz
D SOz

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11

24 The reaction between hydrochloric acid and calcium carbonate is shown.

2HC/ + CaCO: -+ CaCIz + HzO + COz

Which volume of 1.0 mol/dm3 hydrochloric acid is needed to react completely with
1.0 g of calcium carbonate?

A 10 cm3
B 20 cms
c 100 cm3
D 200 cm3

25 The formula for hydrated copper(tr) nitrate is Cu(NOs)zoxHzO. lt mntains 36.5% water
of crystallisation by mass.

What is the value of x?

A 4
B 5
c 6
D 7

26 Which statement is true for all aqueous solutions of acids?

A They give off hydrogen when added to all metals.

B They have a pH greater than 7.
c They react with ammonium salts to give ammonia gas.
D They react with magnesium carbonate to give carbon dioxide.

27 A student titrated 25.0 cm3 of dilute nitric acid with sodium hydroxide solution a few
times. The results he obtained are shown in the table below.

titration number 1 2 3 4
volume of NaOH / cm3 19.45 19.35 18.80 19.40

What could he have done wrongly for titration 3?

A washing the conical flask with nitric acid

B not adding drop by drop towards the end of the titration
c diluting nitric acid with deionised water after adding to conical flask
D diluting nitric acid with water before pipette measurement

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12

28 Substanc€ Y was added a little at a time, with stining to aqueous solution Z. The
changes in pH of the mixture are shown in the graph below.

11

pH 7

mass of substance Y added /g

What could Y and Z be?

I substance Y substance Z
A zinc oxide ethanoic acid
B iron(tr) oxide ethanoic acid
c aluminium oxide sulfuric acid
D sodium oxide sulfuric acid

29 The colour of an indicator in solutions of different pH is shown below.

A student wants to use the indicator to distinguish two solutions.

pH0 4 6 10 12 14

colour colourless pink

Which pair of solutions can be distinguished by the indicator?

A aqueous ammonia and aqueous sodium hydroxide

B dilute hydrochloric acid and water
c aqueous sodium chloride and aqueous sodium hydroxide
D aqueous sodium chloride and dilute ethanoic acid

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IJ

30 Three experiments, P, Q and R, were set up to test the conducUvity of two solutions as
shown.

ulb bulb
x

'a%%.
x
ffiffiffi
P a p bulb

*m hydrogen chloride dissolved in

methylbenzene (organic solvent)

chloride dissolved in water

Y l--:-1 hydrogen
-l
ln which of the above experiments will the bulb light up?

A P only
B Q only
c PandQ
D QandR

31 Joanne tried to prepare copper(tr) sulfate crystals by adding coppe(tr) oxide solid to
dilute sulfuric acid, but she ended up with white powder instead.

What mistake could she have made?

A adding excess coppe([) oxide

B adding excess dilute sulfuric acid
c overheating the filtrate to dryness
D poking a hole in the filter paper

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14 I

32 The diagram shows the optimal pH ranges required by different crops for growth.

soil pH 50 6.0 7.0 8.0

oats
barley
sugar beet
The graph shows how the pH value of the soil in a farmels field changes over time

soil pH
I
7. I
I
I I
6.0 I t
I I a

I I I
I I I
5. I I I I

I I I
I I I I
4 I ! t I
I I I !
t I I I
time
Tr 1z Ts Tr Ts

The farmer wants to grow oats, barley and sugar beet.

ln which period of time would all three crops grow well?

A between Tr and Tz
B between Tz and Ts
c between Tr and Tr
D between T4 and Ts

33 Which of the following does not show the appropriate reagents used for preparation of
the named salt?

salt reagent 1 reagent 2

A barium sulfate aqueous barium nitrate dilute sulfuric acid

B lead(tr) chloride lead(II) carbonate dilute hydrochloric acid

c magnesium chloride magnesium dilute hydrochloric acid

D sodium nitrate aqueous sodium dilute nitric acid

hydroxide

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34 A salt has the chemical formula (NHr)zFe(SOr)2.12H2O.

Excess aqueous sodium hydroxide was added slowly, with shaking to a hot solution of
the salt in a boiling tube until there is no further reaction. The boiling tube was then Iefi
to stand for some time.

Which of the following observations would not be made?

A A green precipitate was produced.

B A pungent gas which tumed damp red litmus blue was produced.
c On standing, the precipitate turned brown.
D The precipitate dissolved in excess sodium hydroxide.

35 A colourless solution Y reacts with a blue solution X to give a blue precipitate, which is
insoluble in excess Y.

What ions are present in x and Y?

x
A Fe2' oH-
B Cu2* oH'
c Fe2' SO+2-

D uu- SOcz-

36 An aqueous solution of zinc chloride is tested by adding reagents.

Which observation is correct?

reagent added to zinc chloride (aq) observations

A acidilied aqueous barium nitrate forms a white precipitate

B aqueous ammonra forms a white precipitate, soluble in

excess of the reagent

c aqueous sodium hydroxide forms a white precipitate, insoluble in

excess of the reagent

D powdered copper forms a grey precipitate

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16

37 The diagram below shows the composition ofthe planet Venus.

n itrogen su lfur
3% dioxide

carbon
dioxide
96%

Which statements are likely to be true of Venus?

I Any rain on Venus would be acidic.

il Venus has active volcanoes on its surface.
ilt The temperature on Venus is higher than on Earth

A lll only
B I and ll only
c ll and lll only
D all of the above

38 The table below gives the concentration, in parts of pollutant per billion parts of air, of
polluting gases in four different industrialised cities.

ln which city are limestone buildings under the greatest threat from pollution?

city nitrogen ozone /ppb sulfur dioxide

monoxide /ppb ippb
A 17 23 28
B 26 32 zo
I
c 28 29 19
D 33 35 21

39 Sodium sulfate and potassium carbonate are similar white powders wtlich are very
soluble in water.

Which reagent could be added to distinguish between the two?

A barium nitrate
B lead(II) nitrate
c hydrochloric acid
D aqueous ammonia

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17

40 A catalytic converter in a car exhaust system changes pollutants into less harmful
products.

Which change does not occur in a catalytic converter?

A carbon dioxide )carbon

B carbon monoxide )
carbon dioxide
c nitrogen oxides ,nitrogen
D unbumt hydrocarbons )
carbon dioxide and water

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COMMONWEALTH SECONDARY SCHOOL

END OF YEAR EXAMINATION 2019

SECONDARY THREE EXPRESS

Name: ) Class:

CHEMISTRY 60sa02
Papet 2 Tuesday 1 Oct 2019
t h tlS min
Candidates answer on the Question Paper
No Additional Materials are required. 1100 - 1245 h

READ THESE INSTRUCTIONS FIRST

Write your name, index number and class on the question paper and any separate answer
sheets used.
Write in dark blue or black pen.
You may use a pencil for any diagrams, graphs or rough work.
Do not use staples, paper clips, highlighters, glue or conection fluid.

Section A
Answer all questions in the spaces provided on the Question Paper.

Section B
Answer all three questions, the last question is in the form of either/or and only one of the
altematives should be attempted.
Answer all questions in the spaces provided.

At the end of the examination, fasten all your work securely together.
The number of marks is given in brackets [ ] at the end of each question or part question.
A copy of the Periodic Table is printed on page 18.

The use of an approved scientific calculator is expected, where

For Examine!'s Use
Section A /50

B9 t10

B10 t10

Bfi E/O t10

Total /80

Parent's / Guardian's Signature

This paper consists of <'t8> printed pages including the cover page.
[Turn over

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Section A (50 marks)

Answer all the questions in the spaces provided

A1 A student set up an apparatus (as shown below) to measure the rates of diffr.rsion of gases
through a small hole. The time taken for100 cm3 of some gases (measured at room
temperature and pressure) to difftJse from the apparatus were recorded as follows:

qas co CHr Clz Nz Oz

time/s 264 199 420 ? 280

small hole

gas

graduated
water
tube

(a) Using the information given, state which gas diffuses at the slowest rate?

t1l

(b) Explain why this gas in (a) diffuse at the slowest rale.

tl l

(c) Suggest the time taken for nitrogen to diffuse through the small hole

t1l

(d) Name a gas that will diffuse faster than any of the gases shown in the table

t11

(e) Why is this method above not suitable for measuring diffusion rate of gases such
as ammonia and sutfur dioxide?

l1l

[Total:5]

COMMONWEALTH SECONDARY SCHOOL 2019 3E CHEMISTRY EOY

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tA The table gives the composition of three particles of an element M.

number of number of number of

particle
protons electrons neutrons
Mr 15 15 16

Mz 15 18 16

Ms '15 15 17

(a) A student makes three statements about the particles.

Statement 1 : Particle Mr is an atom.

Statement 2: Particle Mz is a positive ion.
Statement 3: Particles Mz and Mg are isotopes.

Use evidence from the table to explain whether each of the statements is conect.

Statement 1:

Statement 2:

Statement 3:

t31

(b) Draw a 'dot-and-cross' diagram to show the arrangement of outer shell electrons in
the compound formed between this element M with hydrogen.

t2t

[Total:5

COMMONWEALIH SECONDARY SCHOOL 2019 3E CHEMISTRY EOY

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A3 Elements W, X, Y and Z belong to Period 3 of the Periodic Table.

The table below gives information regarding the oxides of these elements

formula of reaction of oxide with

element
oxide aqueous sodium hydroxide dilute nitric acid
w WzO yes no

x XOz yes no

Y YzOs yes yes

z zo no yes

(a) Write down the Group in which elements W, X, Y and Z belong to in the Periodic
Table.
element Group

x
Y

z
l2l

(b) Use the information in the table above to predict the state of ZO at room
temperature.

Explain your answers in terms of bonding.

t3l

(c) Write the chemical formulae of the sulfate and nitrate of Z.

sulfate of Z:

nitrate of Z : t2t

ftotal: 7]

COMMOI'.IWEALTH SECONDARY SCHOOL 2019 3E CHEMISTRY EOY

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5

M Neon, argon, krypton and xenon are four of the noble gases. They are monatomic
elements.

(a) What is meant by the term monatomic ?

I1I

(b) Explain why the noble gases are very unreactive.

tl l

(c) Chemists have discovered that some noble gases can form mmpounds.
A 1 .00 g sample of one of these compounds contains 0-55 g of xenon, 0.13 g of
oxygen and 0.32 g of fluorine.

Calculate the empirical formula of this compound.

em6irical formula ....... 131

(d) Describe and explain how fractional distillation can be used to separate a mixture of
neon, argon, krypton and xenon.

I3l

[fotal: 8

COMMONWEALTH SECONDARY SCHOOL 2019 3E CHEMISTRY EOY

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A5 Plants make a variety of coloured pigments. A student extracted red colouring from four
different plants, R, S, T and U.

A student put a spot of each colouring on a piece of filter paper. The filter paper was dipped
into a solvent and left for 30 minutes.

The results are shown below.

Start of experiment result after 30 minutes

tt
t
0
I
filter paper
t
0 s6
I
a--a--G-a r}-a--;-a
RSTU RSTU
solvent

(a) Name the method of separation and explain why the pigments can be separated.

l2l

(b) Explain whythe base line cannot be drawn using a pen

t1l

(c) Which two plants contained the same pigments?

t11

(d) This method can also be used to separate and identify sugars obtained through the
breakdown of carbohydrates. Sugars are colourless substances.

Suggest a modification necessary for this method to work.

111

[fotal:5

COMMONWEALTH SECONDARY SCHOOL 2019 3E CHEMISTRY EOY

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A6 Sulfudc acid is one of the world's most important chemical. Over 100 million tonnes of
sulfuric acid are produced throughout the world every year.

(a) (0 Name the ion in sulfuric acid that give it its acidic properties.

t1l

(ii) Describe one similarity and one difference when pieces of iron metal and a
spatula of coppe(n) carbonate powder are added to different test tubes of
sulfuric acid.

Similarity:

Difference:

121

(b) A common type of fire extinguisher commonly used is shown in the diagram below.

knob
metal spike

nozzle

dilute sulfuric acid

glass container full
of sodium carbonate
steel canister lined with
plastic
outer container
painted bright red

(D The instructions on the fire extinguishers say: "Push down the knob to use the
extinguisher. Point nozzle at flames'. Use the chemicals provided in the
diagram to outline how the extinguisher works.

l2l

COMMONWEALTH SECONDARY SCHOOL 2019 3E CHEMISTRY EOY

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(iD Construct a balanced equation for the chemical reaction in the steel canister
when the extinguisher is being used.

.. ... 111

ffotal: 6]

A7 Chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs) are air pollutants that cause'holes'in the ozone layer.

(a) (i) State the atom in CFCs that is responsible for these 'holes'.

t11

0D Explain why these 'holes' cause harm to humans.

tzl

(b) One of the CFCs used is dichlorodifluoromethane .

Explain why dichlorodifluoromethane has a low boiling point. Refer to its bonding
and structure in your answer.

12)

[fotal:5]

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I
A8 The flowchart below describes some properties and reactions of two solutions A and B.

add dilute nitric acid

solution tums add Universal A and o
cator colourless solution aqueous silver white precipitate
red
nitrate

gas E
extinguishes gas that gives
add C mix with marble
lighted splint white precipitate
chips
with a 'pop' with limewater
nd

solution tums add Universal B neutralise with potassium sulfate

red lndicator colourless solution solution F solution

(a) Name the unknown substances.

A:

B:

c
D

F t61

(b) Write an ionic equation for the reaction between substance A and aqueous silver
nitrate.

I11

(c) Describe a test to confirm the anion in solution B.

l2l

['otal:9'

COMMONWEALTH SECONDARY SCHOOL 2019 3E CHEMISTRY EOY

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10

Section B (30 marks)

Answer all three questions from this section.
The last question is in the form of either/or and only one of the altematives should be attempted

Bg The structures of graphite and boron nitride are shown below.

Key Key
. = carbon atom a nitrogen atom
O boron alom

graphite boron nitride

(a) Like graphite, boron nitride feels slippery to the touch.

Explain, in terms of bonding, why boron nitride feels slippery to the touch.

l2l

(b) An isotope of boron is represented by the symbol 1|8.

State the number of protons and neutrons in this isotope of boron.

number of protons

number of neutrons ........... t1l

(c) State and explain, in terms of bonding, the electrical conductivity of graphite at
room temperature and pressure.

tzl

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11

(d) Similar to carbon, silicon is a non-metal found in Group lV of the Periodic Table.
When it is combined with oxygen, forms a structure that is very similar to diamond.

silicon atom
orygen atom

Silicon dioxide (SiO)

(i) Silicon is manufactured by the reduction of silicon dioxide with carbon.

SiOz+2C)Si +2CO
What is the maximum mass of silicon that can be made from 300 g of silicon
dioxide?

mass of silicon s l2l

(ii) State and explain, in terms of bonding and structure, the melting point of
silicon dioxide.

t3l
[Total: 10

COIUMONWEALTH SECONDARY SCHOOL 2019 3E CHEMISTRY EOY

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t2

Bl0 Acid rain is prevalent in urban areas due to the large amount of oxides of nitrogen and
carbon dioxide released ftom motor vehicles on the road. Many marble buildings and
metal structures are damaged by acid rain.

Marble is made up of mainly calcium carbonate. The diagram below shows an

experimental set-up in the laboratory to investigate how fast marble is damaged by acid
rain. Excess nitric acid is used to represent acid rain.

nitric acid
3.00 g of marble chips

98.00 g I

A student recorded the reading on the balance at two-minute intervals

The table below shows the results.

time / min mass /g

0 98.00

2 97.92

4 97.84

6 96.98

I 96.95

'10 96.94

12 96.93

14 96.92

16 96.92

18 96.92

Table 10.'l

(a) Using the two gases mentioned above, explain the formation of acid rain.

I1l

(b) (i) Write a balanced chemical equation, with state symbols, for the reaction
between nitric acid and calcium carbonate.

l2l

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13

(ii) Based on )our answer in b(i), erplain vfiy there is a decrease in the m6s reading.

l1l

(c) Describe a test the student can carry out to confirm the identity of the gas.

t21

(d) Complete the table below, using the information given in Table 10.1

(i) lnitial reading /g

Final reading / g

Mass loss / g

12)

(ii) Calculate the volume of gas evolved in this reaction.

t2l

[otal: 10

COMMONWEALTH SECONDARY SCHOOL 201S 3E CHEMISTRY EOY

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74

Either

Bl'l Leroy is given a sample of an organic acid and asked to determine its relative molecular
mass and then suggest itrs formula.

Leroy titrates R, an aqueous solution containing 7.00 g/dm3 of the organic acid, with S,
an aqueous solution containing 0.100 mol/dm3 of sodium hydroxide.

(a) 25.0 cm3 of S is transfened into a conical flask.

A few drops of methyl orange indicator are added to the conical flask.
R is placed in the burette and then added to the solution in the conical flask until an
end-point is reached.

What is the colour of the solution in the conical flask

(i) before R is added;

(ii) at the end-point?

12)

(b) Leroy canied out three titrations. The figure below shows parts of the burette with
the solution levels at the beginning and at the end of each titration.

first titration second titration third titration

7
-lzr
E =
t_
=*& t
L-
L-
Esa

ln

Complete the titration table below

-s I
Titration 1 2 3

Final burette reading /cm3

lnitial burette reading /cm3

Volume of R /cm3

Best titration result

l2l
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15

(c) Based on your best titration results, calculate the average volume of R required
for complete neutralization.

t11

(d) Calculate the number of moles of sodium hydroxide in 25.0 crn3 of S.

t1l

(e) Given that I mole of acid neutralises I mole of sodium hydroxide, use your
answer in (d) to deduce the number of moles of the organic acid in the average
volume of R.

l1l
(0 Calculate the number of moles of the acid in 1.00 dm3 of R.

I11

(S) Using your answer to (D and the information that R contains 7.00 g/dm3 of the
acid, calculate the relative molecular mass of the acid.

t1l

(h) The organic acid could have one ofthe following structural formulae:

o
H-c-oH
il
H_ f b_H
H-C-C
HH
tl
ll
HH
C
f
OH

Using your answer to (g), deduce the formula for the organic acid.

. I1I
fiotal: 10'

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16

OR

Bl I (a) The acid dissociation constant K, is a quantitative measure of the strength of an

acid in solution. The larger the K" value, the more dissociation of the acid molecules
in solution and thus the stronger the acid. The table shows the acid dissociation
constants of some substances.
acid dissociation
substance formula of acid
constant
hydrofluoric acid HF 6.8 X 10-4

hydrochloric acid HC/ 1.0x10s

hydroiodic acid HI 3.0x10e
Table. I1.1

Data ertracted from : http!/chemistrv.bd.p su.edurti rcitano/kakbtable

0 With reference to Table 1 '1.1, state and explain which substance is the
strongest acid.

t21

(iD Predict the acid dissociation of hydrobromic acid, HBr, and thus, compare the
strength of hydrobromic acid, HBr to hydroiodic acid, HI.

l2l
(iii) Describe a chemical test to confirm the strength of acids in a(ii).

l2l

(b) Hydrated nickel(tr) nitrate, Ni(NOs)z-6HzO, can be produced by reacting excess

nickel(tr) carbonate with dilute nitric acid. The resulting mixture is then filtered and
heated to saturation. Green nickel(Il) nitrate crystals can be obtained by allowing
the saturated solution to cool at room temperature.

(i) Explain why nickel(Il) nitrate crystals were obtained by allowing the saturated
solution to cool at room temperature instead of heating to dryness.

t1l

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(iD 25.0 cm3 of 1.00 mol/dm3 dilute nitric acid was reacted with excess
nickel(Il) carbonate in an experiment to produce hydrated nickel(tr) nitrate.

Given that 2 moles of nitric acid is required to react to produce 1 mole of

hydrated nickel(tr) nitrate, calculate the mass of hydrated nickel(tr) nitrate
crystals obtained at the end of the reaciion.

t31

['otal: 10]

* END OF PAPER *

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COMMONWEALTH SECONDARY SCHOOL

END OF YEAR EXAMINATION 2019

CHEMISTRY
PAPER 1 & 2

ANSWERS

I B 2. c 2 A 4 A 5 D

6 A 7 c I B q c 10 c
11 c 12 c 13 B 14 c 15. c
16. c 17 B 18. D 19 c 20. A

21. B 22. B 23 B 24 B 25. c

26 29 c
31.
lD
c
I
27.

32
D

D
28

33
D

B 34. D 35
D

36 B 37. D 38. A 39 c 40 I
A

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Section A (50 marks)

Answer all the questions in the spaces provided.

A1 (a) Chlorine / C/z t1l

(b) It has the larqest relative molecular mass (Mr) of l! molar mass (71 g, 71 glmol) t1I

(c) 264 s lseconds 111

(d) hydrogen gas/ helium gas

I1l

(e) They are solublel dissolve in water

t1l
[fotal: 5]

Aa (a) Statement 1 :

Correct
The number of Droton is equal to number of electron (15), hence electrically
neutral.

Statement 2:
lnconect
The number of eledrcn IlBl is more than from the number of oroton ('15) / 3
more electrons than protons, so it is a neqati ve ron.

Statement 3:
lnconect
The number of electron (18) is more than from the number of proton ('15) / 3
more electrons than protons. so it is a neqative ion. Since Ud4!@-a!@l|!g
a neqative ion, Mz is not an isotope of M:.

[1m each, total 3m]

t3l

(b)

121
ffotal: 5

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A3 (a) element Group

w vil
IV/VI
x

Y ill

z il

1m for every 2 conect answer

l2l
(b)2i""@
, hence will form an ig.![gjgl!!@ with orygen / with a crystal lattics structure
ZO is a solid at room temperature [1]

Larqe amount of energv is needed to overcome strono electrostatic forces of

attlagEg between the ions [1]
t31

(c) sulfate of Z: ZSOr

nitrate of Z: Z(NO:)z

[Total: 7'

M (a) lt means that they exist as sinole atom.[1]

t11

(b) Their outermosuvalence shell is comoletelv filled with electrons. [1] t1l

(c)
Elements xenon oxygen fluorine

Mass lg 0.55 0.13 u.3t

Ar/Mr 1 31 16 19

Mole/ mol 0.55/131 = 0.13/16 = 0.32/19 =

0.004198 0.008125 0.01684

Raiio 0.004198/0. 0.008'125/0.00 0.01684 /

004198= 1 4198 = 2 0.004198 = 4

empirical formula: XeOzFr

t3l

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(d) Conden se/Cool the mixture to llgrrid_Slelglll

Heat or boil the I iquid mixture to vaporise it (and collect fractions) [1]
The gas with the lowest boiling point will condense first / collected at the hioher
Dortion of the column,
The gas with the hiqhest boilino point condense last / collected at the lower
portion of the column. [1 - for the order of the gas] t31
[otal: 8

A5 (a) Paper ghromg!9gg[a[1]

Different pigments have different solubilitv in the solvent.l1]

I2l
(b) lnk is a mixture of dyes/substance/components and will dissolve in the
solvent, hence separatinq out with the other dyes in substance M/ldgrfgfils
with the seoaration results. [1]
t1l

(c) R&rt1l t11

(d) Spray_llgsg!!!s3@u.-UY-!!sht to
react with the sugars so that it is S!E!91!9!!-9o.!.9.CICdSE!9. [1] 111

[total: 5]

AG (a) (i) Hvdroqen ions

tlI
(ii) Similarity:
Effervescence / A qas is evolved during the reaction/
Both can react with dilute sulfuric acid/
Both form @l! in the reaction.
Both solid dissolve.
Any 1 answer above

Difierence:
With iron - hydroqen qas evolved / grylgllgn 'formgg! /-OSlAteI
produced
With copper (n) carbonate - carbon dioxide g iven off / blue solution
formed I water produced as a product

l2l

(b) (D When the knob is struck, it punctures the glass container with pgl!"g
carbonate. [1]
Sodium earbonate exposed reacts with dilute sulfuric acid to produce
carbon dioxide which will be released th roug h the nozzle to extinguish
fire.[1] l2l

(iD Na2co3(aq/s) + HzSo+(aq) , Na2SO4 (aq) * Hro (l) + Coz (s)

111

[fotal:

N (a) O Chlorine / Cl atom [1] t1l

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(ii) These holes allow qllgyg to enter into the atrnosphere. [1]
These lead to an increase risk of cataracts/ d iseases/skin cancer/cell
mutation. [1] 12)

(b) Dichlorodifluoromethane is a covalent compo und with a simple molecular

structure. [1]
Little energy is needed to overcome the weak intermolecular forces of
A@g!!e! between the molecules.[1] Hence, the boiling point is low t2t

[Total: 5]

A8 (a) A: Hydrochloric acid

B: Sulfuric acid
Magnesium, iron, zinc any reactive metal
c: except Group I and Cu, Pt, Ag,Au
D: Silver chloride
E: Carbon dioxide
F: Potassium hydroxide / Potassium carbonate t6l

(b) Cl +Ag* )AgCrlll llI

(c) Add dilute nitric acid a nd aoueous barium nitrate / acidified aoueous barium
nitrate to solution B. [1]
A white preqjpitalq would form t1l l2l

fiotal: 9]

Section B (30 marks)

Bg (a) Small amount of eneroY is required to 9@ the weak intermolecular

forces of attraction between the laYe rs of atoms t11
These lavers are able to slide over each other easilv thus it is sli ppery [1]

t2t

(b) number of protons: 5

number of neutrons: 6 tlt
(c) Graphite ga4 rggglgg!3llgqglsiblat room temperature and pressure. [1]
Each carbon atom only 3 out of 4 valence electrons fo / There is
1 unbonded va ce electron available as mobile c haroed carrier to conduct
electricity. [1]

121

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5

(d) (D No. of moles of SiOz added = 300/(28+16+16) = 5 mol [1]

SiOz : Si
1 '. I

No. of moles of Si = 5 mol

Mass of Si = S x 28 = 140g [1]

mass of silicon !!k

I2t

(ii) Silicon dioxide has a hioh meltinq point.[1]

o Silicon dioxide has a qiant molecu lar strueture and all the atoms are
bonded by covalent bonds.[1]
A lot of enerqv is requ ired to break the stronq covalenl bonds
between the atoms. t1l
t3I
[Total: 10

810 (a) Acidic Aases like nitroqen dioxide/oxides of nitrooen and carbon dioxide
dissolves in rainwater and reacts with oxvqen/oxidise air/oxvoen in air to
produce acid rain. [1]
t1l

(b) (i) 2HNq (aq) + cacoa (s) ) Ca(NO:h (aq) + H,o (4 + CA (S)
l2l

(ii) lt is due to he !€gqlcal!e!_q!e{!& gas to lhe sunoundir€s 111

(c) BubbldPass he gas into line\irater. [1]

lf a white precipi@ b formed in limewater/limewater tums chalkv, tle gas b carbon
dionde [1]
l2l

(d) (D lnitial reading /g 98.00

Final reading / g 96.92

Mass loss / g 1.08

tzl

(iD Mr of COz = 12 + 2(16) = 44

No. of mole CO2 produced = 1.08 I 44 = 0.02454 mol [1]
Volume of COz produced = 0.02454 x 24 = 0.589 dm3 [1]

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421

[otal: 101

Either
811 (a) (i) Yelbru [1]
(ii) Orarge t1l t2l
(b)
Titration 1 2 3

27.10 48.80 34.10

Final burette reading /cm3

0.00 22.30 7.80

lnitial burette reading /cm3

27.10 26.50 26.30

Volume of R /cm3

Best titration result

tzl
26's0126'30
(c) Using these results, the average volume of R = - 26.40 cm3 ['l]

t11

(d) No of moles of NaOH

= Conc x Vol
= 0.1 mol/dm3 x 0.025 dm3
= 0.002s mol [1]
t11

(e) No of moles of acid used = 0.0025 mol (in 26.40cm3 of R) t1l

(0 No of moles of acid in 1 dm3 of R

= 0-0025 mol + 0.0264 dm3 (from part b)
= 0.0947 mol
t1l

(S) Mr of acid
= mass + moles
= 79 + 0.09470 mol
= 73.92 (NO units)
t11
= 73.9 (3 s0

(h) Calculate the Mr of all the structure above and determine the formula of organic
acid is CcHsOz / CzHsCOOH

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HH
tl
H_C_C C
f
ll
HH \,
t11

[otal:10]
OR
811 (a) (i) Hvdroiodic acid is the strongest acid.[1]
It has the hiqhest dissociation constant i.e^ 3.0 x 109, and thus shows
more dissociation of the acid molecules in solution [1]
l2l

(ii) 1.0 X 10 s<Value<3.0 x 10 s[1]

Hydrobromic acid would be less acidic/weaker acid [1] compared to
hydroiodic acid. l2l

(iiD Add a piece of maonesium/anv reactive metal/metal carbonate into a test

tube containing dilute hydrobromic acid and another test tube containing
dilute hydroiodic acid.[11

Effervescence will be observed in both test tubes but pyjoorous in the

test tube containing dilute hvdroiodic acid.[1]

This oonfirm that dilute hydroiodic acid is stronger than hydroiodic acid.
l2l

(b) (D lf the solution is heated to dryness, anhvdrous nickel(Il) nitrate will be

obtained / nickel(Il) nitrate will decompose./ lost water of crvstallisation.
tll t11

(ii) No. of moles of HNO: added = 2511000 ,,1.00 = Eq4@! [1]

HNOg : Ni(NOs)z
2:1
No. of moles of nickel(Il) nitrate produced = 0.0250 x 2 = 0.0125 mol ['l]

Mass of hydrated nickel(II) nitrate, Ni(NOs)z.6HzO

= 0.0125 x [59 + 2(14) +6(16) + 6(18)]
= 3.6375 9
= 3.64 s (3sfl t1l t3I

[otal:'10]

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