DYE
Fungal-Based Dyes: Obtained from fungi and
Adding colors to fabric typically involves a process called
dyeing. Dyeing is applying color to textile materials using
various methods, such as immersion in a dye bath,
printing, or spraying. The dye molecules adhere to the
fabric’s fibers, producing the desired coloration.
Natural Dye & Synthetic Dye
1. Natural Dye
Natural dyes are derived from plants, insects, and
minerals, and they've been used for centuries to
color textiles.
2. Synthetic Dye
Synthetic dyes are commonly used in the textile
industry to color fabrics. These dyes are chemically
synthesized and offer a wide range of colors, often
more vibrant and diverse than natural dyes. They
provide better color consistency, durability, and
resistance to fading compared to natural dyes.
Different types of Natural Dye
1. Plant-Based Dyes: Derived from various parts of plants
such as roots,
stems, leaves, flowers, fruits, and seeds. Examples include:
- Indigo (from the indigofera plant) - Turmeric (from the
turmeric root) - Madder (from the madder plant) - Weld
(from the weld plant)
2. Animal-Based Dyes: Obtained from animal sources such
as insects,mollusks, and certain parts of animals. Examples
include: - Cochineal (from the cochineal insect) - Tyrian
purple (from certain mollusks)
3. Mineral-Based Dyes: Derived from minerals and earth
elements. Examples include: - Ochre (from natural iron
oxide pigments) - Clay-based dyes
4.
making them suitable for dyeing synthetic fibers and
mushrooms. Examples include various types of mushrooms
like the dyer's polypore.
Different types of Synthetic Dye
1. Reactive Dyes: These dyes form a covalent bond with the
fibers during the dyeing process, resulting in excellent
wash and light fastness. They are commonly used for
dyeing natural fibers like cotton, wool, and silk.
2. Disperse Dyes: Primarily used for dyeing synthetic fibers
like polyester and acetate, disperse dyes are insoluble in
water and are dispersed as fine particles in the dyeing
process
3. Acid Dyes: These dyes are water-soluble and are
primarily used for dyeing protein-based fibers like wool,
silk, and nylon. They offer vibrant colors and good light
fastness.
4. Basic Dyes: Also known as cationic dyes, basic dyes are
positively charged and are used for dyeing acrylic, silk,
wool, and some synthetic fibers.
5. Direct Dyes: These water-soluble dyes are applied
directly to the fabric from an aqueous solution. They are
mainly used for dyeing cotton, viscose, and other cellulosic
fibers.
6. Vat Dyes: These dyes are insoluble in water and require
a reducing agent to become soluble and form a dye bath.
They are primarily used for dyeing cotton fibers.
7. Sulfur Dyes: These dyes are characterized by their
excellent color fastness properties, especially for washing
and rubbing. They are commonly used for dyeing cotton
and other cellulosic fibers.
8. Solvent Dyes: These dyes are soluble in organic solvents
rather than water,
plastics.
PRINTING
Textile printing is the process of applying colour to fabric in
definite patterns or designs. In properly printed fabrics the
colour is bonded with the fibre, to resist washing and
friction.
Roller printing
Roller printing, also called cylinder printing or machine
printing, on fabrics is a textile printing process patented by
Thomas Bell of Scotland in 1783 in an attempt to reduce
the cost of the earlier copperplate printing.
Screen printing
Screen printing is a printing technique where a mesh is
used to transfer ink onto a substrate, except in areas made
impermeable to the ink by a blocking stencil… It is also
known as serigraphy and serigraph printing.
HEAT TRANSFER PRINTING
Heat transfer printing is a newer decoration method, but
it's come a long the way from the iron-on decals of old.
With heat transfer, also known as digital transfer, your
custom logo or design is printed onto transfer paper and
then ink is thermally transferred from the paper to your
fabric using heat and pressure.
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