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1. Sheryl used the set-ups below to obtain pure drinking water from salt water. Her
teacher advised her to place ice cubes on the aluminium sheet so that more water can
be collected in the cup.

aluminium
sheet ice cubes
beaker water
cup droplets
salt water
at 90 oC

Set-up A Set-up B

(a) Describe how water is collected in Set-up A. [2 m]

(b) Explain how placing ice cubes on the aluminium sheet in Set-up B helps to
allow more water to be collected in the cup. [2 m]

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2. Penny set up the experiment as shown below.

thermometer

cotton air
water

Set-up B
Set-up A

The same volume of hot water was poured into set-ups A and B and the time taken
for the water in each set-up to reach room temperature was recorded in the graph
below.

Temperature/ °C

Graph X

Graph Y

0 30 70 Time/ minutes

(a) Which graph, X or Y, represents the temperature of water in Set-up B? [1 m]

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(b) Explain your answer in part (a). [2 m]

3. Andrew set up an experiment as shown below. He placed one sheet of material at a

time at position X. The sheets had the same thickness but were made of different
materials, A, B and C,

The set-up was placed in a dark room with a torch shining on Materials A, B or C.
Andrew recorded the amount of light and temperature using a data logger in the table
below.

Material Amount of light recorded (lux) Temperature (oC)

A 2300 40
B 1250 36
C 0 30
No
2300 42
Material

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(a) Based on the results above, what can Andrew conclude about the ability of
materials A, B and C to let light pass through? [1 m]

(b) What is the relationship between the amount of light that passed through the
materials and the temperature recorded by the data logger? [1 m]

(c) The toy windmill shown below will start to spin when its solar panel, which
absorbs light energy, is exposed to light.

Solar panel

Which material, A, B or C, should be used to make a box to keep the toy

windmill so that it will not spin? Give a reason for your answer. [2 m]

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4. Joshua conducted an experiment using the set-up shown below. Using a spring balance,
he pulled a wooden block over a material placed on top of a table and measured the
amount of force required to move the block.
He repeated his experiment using four different types of materials. He used the same
wooden block and spring balance in his experiment.

wooden
block
spring
material balance

table

He recorded his results in the table below.

Reading on the spring balance (g)
Material 1st Try 2nd Try 3rd Try
P 250 260 255
Q 580 590 585
R 100 90 98
S 133 130 125

(a) What was the aim of Joshua’s experiment? [1 m]

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(b) Explain how using the same wooden block for each experiment ensures that a fair
test is carried out. [1 m]

Joshua wanted to use a material to line the ramp so that he can push the box up to his
pick-up truck more easily.

box pick-up
ramp
truck

(c) Based on his experiment results, which material is the best choice? Give a reason
for your answer. [2 m]

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5. In the diagram below, Cart X rolled down the rail and hit the stationary Cart Y in front of
it. As a result, Cart Y moved forward by 2 metres before it stopped.

Cart X

Cart Y Final position of Cart Y

wheel
rail

P
(a) Why did Cart Y come to a stop after it moved 2 metres? [1 m]

(b) How would the distance moved by Cart Y change if Cart X was fully loaded with
rocks at the start? Explain your answer. [2 m]

(c) Explain how applying lubricant along the section of the rail that is labelled “P” affects
the distance travelled by Cart Y. [1]

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