Angular and Linear Speed

From the definition of angular displacement: s

=  R Linear vs. angular displacement

v  s    R     R
t   t   t  v=

Linear speed = angular speed x radius
Angular and Linear Acceleration:
From the velocity relationship we have: v

= R Linear vs. angular velocity

a = R

Linear accel. = angular accel. x radius

 Exam
R1 A
ples:
Consider flat
rotating disk: B
o =
0; f R2

What is final linear speed at

points A and B?
R1 = 20 cm R2 = 40 cm

vAf = Af R1 = (20 rad/s)(0.2 m); vAf = 4 m/s

vAf = Bf R1 = (20 rad/s)(0.4 m); vBf = 8 m/s

 Acceleration Example

Consider flat R1 A
o = 0; f = 20 rad/s and linear
t=4s acceleration at
What is the average angular B?
 B R2
R1 = 20 cm
R2 = 40 cm
f 0 20
  
t rad/s
4s =

a = R = (5 rad/s2)(0.4 m)
a = 2.00 m/s2
 Angular vs. Linear Parameters

Recall f v v 0
accelerati
a 
t
on a
But, a = R and v = R, so that we may write:

f v v 0 R  R0
a  be R 
t f t
co
Angular acceleration mis the f  0
time
rate of change in angular 
t
velocity.
A Comparison: Linear vs. Angular
s  vt v  v f    0  f 
 0 t   t
 2  2 


v f v  at f  o 
o
2
s  v t  at 1
2
2
  0 t  1
2

0
s  vt 1
2
at 2
  f t  1
2

f
2 as v 2 v 0 2 2  2 f 0
f
Linear Example: A car traveling initially at
20 m/s comes to a stop in a distance of 100
m. What was the acceleration?

Select Equation: 100 m

2 as v 2
f  v 0 2
vo = 20 m/s vf = 0 m/s

0 - vo 2-(20 m/s)2
a= = a = -2.00 m/s2 2s 2(100 m)
 Angular analogy: A disk (R = 50 cm),
rotating at 600 rev/min comes to a stop after
making 50 rev. What is the
acceleration?
Select Equation: R
o
2  2  =
0 2 f
f =0
=
rev  2 rad  1  62.8
600  mins 50
min  60 rad/s re
1 rev 
0 - o 2 -(62.8 rad/s)2 2
= =
2(314 rad)
 = -6.29 rad/s2
 Problem Solving Strategy:
 Draw and label sketch of problem.
 Indicate + direction of rotation.
 List givens and state what is to be found.
Given: ____, _____, _____ (,o,f,,t)
Find: ____, _____
 Select equation containing one and not the
other of the unknown quantities, and solve for
the unknown.
Example 6: A drum is rotating clockwise
initially at 100 rpm and undergoes a constant
counterclockwise acceleration of 3 rad/s2for 2 s.
What is the angular displacement?

Given: o = -100 rpm; t = 2 s = +2 

rad/s2 R
rev  1 min  2 
1   rad 10.5 rad/s
0 min  60 s 1
0 2
rev  2
 ot 1
2
  
1
2 (3
( 10.5) )
 = -20.9 rad + 6 rad
 = -14.9 rad

Net displacement is clockwise (-)

Summary of Formulas for Rotation
s  vt v  v f    0  f 
 0 t   t
 2  2 


v f v  at f  o 
o
2
s  v t  at 1
2
2
  0 t  1
2

0
s  vt 1
2
at 2
  f t  1
2

f
2 as v 2 v 0 2 2  2 f 0
f
CONCLUSION: Angular Motion